职称英语卫生类a级模拟7

职称英语卫生类A级模拟7

第1部分：词汇选项

下面共有15个句子，每个句子均有一个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所

给的四个选项中选择一个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

1>Hundredsofspeciesaredeclaredtobeextinctinthecomingcentury.

A.dieawayB.leaveoffC,dieoutD.leaveout

2、Heisconsideredtobethemostdiligentstudentinclass.

A.kind-heartedB.hard-workingC.short-sightedD.

far-reaching

3、Doyoubelievethesetwointimatefriendsusedtobeenemies?

A.bearableB.internalC.closeD.believable

4、Thisbookembracesmanysubjects.

A.adoptsB.coversC.pressesD.accepts

5、Heissureofthecomingofinvestmentboomafteradoptingthenewinvestment

policies.

A.decreaseB.increaseC.influenceD.preparation

6、Abeautifulwomanattendedtomeinthatstoreyesterday.

A.waitedonB.talkedtoC.spoketoD,stayedwith

7、Theseareourmotivesfordoingit.

A.reasonsB.arguments

C.targetsD.pursuit

8、Successfulleadersdominateeventsratherthanreacttothem.

A.controlB.contributeC・conveyD.contact

9、Theplayisprovedtobearemarkablesuccess.

A.terrificB.relativeC.ultimateD.slight

10、Italianicecreamisimitatedallovertheworld.

A.copiedB.ignoredC.organizedD.provided

11>Inotifiedhimthatthemeetinghadbeenpostponed.

A.informedB.observedC•mockedD.misled

12>Hehasestablishedhimselftobeacompetentmanagerbyhissuccessfully

handlingseveraldifficulttasks.

A.definiteB.effectiveC.qualifiedD.deficient

13>Thehoteltriestomeetthediverseneedsofitscustomers.

A.variousB.indifferentC,manyD.typical

14>"Heisexemptedfrommilitaryservice,becauseofhisbadsight.11

A.restrictedB.hampered

C.liberatedD.restrained

15>Heponderedherwordsthoroughly.

A.thoughtoverB.thoughtup

C.thoughtofD.thoughtout

第2部分：阅读判断

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判

断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A项：如果该句提供的错误信息，请选择B项:

如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选择C项。

TanningParlorsTakeHeat

Peoplewhoseekaglamoroustanthroughsunlampsmaydoubletheirrisk

ofdevelopingCommontypesofskincancer,accordingtoanewstudythat

foundtheriskwashighestforthosewhostartatayoungage.

Thestudy,appearinginthelatestissueofJournaloftheUSNational

CancerInstitute,concludedthatpeoplewhousetanningdeviceswere1.5

to2.5timesmorelikelytohavecommonkindsofskincancerthanwerepeople

whodidnotusethedevices.Thestudyconfirmedwhatdoctorshavelong

suspected-thatsunlampuseincreasestheriskofbasalcellandsquamous

cellskincancerszsaidMargaretR.Karagas,firstauthorofthestudy.

Eithergoingtothetanningparlor,orgettinganinfrequentsunburncan

seriouslydamagetheskin,saidDr.JamesSpencer,vicechairmanofthe

departmentofdermatologyatMountHospital,butthesmallday-to-dayexposure

isworsefortheskininthelongrun.

JosephA.Levy,vicepresidentoftheInternationalSmartTanNetwork,

however,saidoccasionalsunburn"isariskfactorinallformsofskincancer

andintermittentsunburniswhatthetanningindustryistryingtostop.,

Inthestudy,Karagasandhercolleaguesinterviewed603basalcellskin

cancerpatientsand293withsquamouscellskincancer.Theytalkedto540

controlsubjectswhodidnothaveeithertypeofskincancer.

About1millionAmericansarediagnosedannuallywithskincancer.Among

thoseskincancerpatientszabout80percentarewithbasalcellskincancer,

16percent,withsquamouscellskincancerand4percentwithmelanoma-the

mostseriousformofskincancers.Backtotheinterviewedpatientsz190reported

thattheyhadusedtanningdevicesatsometime.Inthecontrolgroups,only-

75hadusedsuchdevices.Karagassaidastatisticalanalysisshowsthatthose

whousedtanningequipmentwere2.5timesmorelikelytogetsquamouscell

skincancerthanthosewhohadnotusedthedevices.Forbasalcellcancer,

theriskwas1.5timesgreater.

Theriskwashighestforthosewhofirstusedthetanningdevicesbefore

theageof20,saidKaragas.Forthisgroup,thesquamouscellcancerrisk

was3.6timesgreaterthanthatofthecontrolswhilethebasalcellcancer

riskwas1.3timesgreater.

16>Thepassageconfirmsthatusingtanningequipmentisharmfultoone*s

health.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>Thehighestrateofskincancersisfoundinteenagerswhousesunlamps

frequently.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18>Melanomaisamoreseriouscancerthanlungcancer.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19>Karagasreportedherresearchresultsbasingoninterviewswithagroup

ofskincancerpatientsandacontrolgroupofpeoplewithnoskincancers.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notment

20、DoctorJamesSpencer*sargumentimpliesthatinthelongrun,getting

allinfrequentsunburnisworsethanthesmallday-to-dayexposure.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notment

21、Thepassagementionsthreeformsofskincancers,ofwhichsquamouscell

skincanceristhemostdangerous.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notment

22、ItisimpliedinMr.Levy1sargument(Paragraph5)thatfrequentexposure

tosunlampsissafe.

A.rightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）1〜4题要求从所给的6个选项中为第

2〜5段每段选择1个正确的小标题：（2）第5〜8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的

选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案写在相应的位置上。

OptimistsReallyDoLiveLonger,SayScientists

1.ForthephilosopherArthurSchopenhaueroptimismwasfundamenta11ywrong

banalandcorrupting,whilethefatherofpsychoanalysisSigmundFreudsimply-

declaredittobeneurotic.

2.Experienceshowsthatlookingonthebrightsideoflifedoeshave

advantagesandrecentscientificevidencepointstothepositivemindset

想倾向）asbeingbeneficialtohealth.Inotherwordsoptimistslivelonger.

3.ThatwastheconclusionreachedbyexpertsattheMayoClinicinthe

USStateofMinnesotawhoevaluatedanswersgivenbypeopletoasetofquestions

inthe1960s.Ofthe729candidatesz200haddiedandaccordingtoscientistsz

therewereadisproportionatenumberofpessimistsamongthem.

4.Thepointsmoreonthepessimismscale-thatwasthedifferencebetween

"slightlypessimistic"andnaveragelypessimistic"-wereenoughtoboosta

person*schancesofdyingby19percent,accordingtothestudybyprominent

psychologistMartinSeligmanoftheUniversityofPennsylvania.

5.Thestudydoesnotsaywhypessimistsdiebutanoldersurveytaken

amongchildreninSan

FranciscoandLosAngelesmakesitclearthatpersonalattitudetowardsthe

worldisakeyfactorinthelongevityequation.

6.Thelatestevidencetosupportthetheorythatoptimiststendtocope

betterwithillnessofallkindshasbeenprovidedbyprofessorRalfSchwarzer

ofBerlin1sFreeUniversitywhoquestioned600heartandlungpatients.His

conclusion：optimistsrecovermoreswiftlyfromoperationsthantheir

pessimisticcounterparts,tendtobehappieraftertreatmentandreturnto

workmoreswiftly.

7.Therehavebeensuggestionsthatoptimistsdonotstayhealthierbut

ratherturnintooptimistslaterbecausetheyenjoygoodhealth.Numerous

surveyshavetakenintoaccountaperson1sstateofhealthattheoutset（最

初）andtheeffectremainsthesame.

8.Studieshaveshownthatoptimistsdonotblindthemselvestoreality

either.Theythusinterpretitinapositiveway."Sublimating（vi・升华）and

denyingthingstendtoalterrealitybutillusionsareawayofseeingreality

inthebestlight,HsaidCalifornia.

9.GermansciencejournalBildderWissenschaft,whichcarriesamajor

articleonthetopicinitscurrentMarchissue,commentedon"therightattituden

tohavingatumor.

10.Itseemspsychotherapycangosomewaytowardsextendingthelifespan

andlifequalityofasickpersonalthoughacompleterecoveryusing

psychologicaltechniquealoneisunlikely.

11.Doctorslike,however,topointtotheexampleofUScyclingprofessional

LanceArmstrong,whowasseriouslyillwithcancer,butwhoseunshakeable

optimismhelpedhimtotakethetoptrophytwiceatcycling1spremiersTour

deFrance.

12.ThemagazinealsoquotedastudybySheldonCohensoftheCaregieMellon

UniversityinPittsburgh：420volunteersweredeliberatelyinfectedwith

strainsofvariouscommoncoldviruses.Adaylatercheckswerecarriedout

toseewhohadcaughtacold.

13.Theresultsshowedthatinthecaseofpeoplewhohadsatisfactory,

long-termrelationswithfriends,neighborsorcolleagues,theviruswasless

likelytotriggeracold.Ofpeoplewiththreeoffewerfirmrelationships

62percentbecameillcomparedwithonly35percentofthosewhohadsixor

moreclosehumanlinks.

23>Paragraph2.

A.Quickerrecoveryfromillness

B.Alongerlifeforoptimists

C.Relationshipbetweengoodhealthandoptimism

D.Apositivewayofunderstandingreality

E.Optimismandpessimism

F.Optimistswithillusions

24、Paragraph6.

25、Paragraph7.

26、Paragraph8.

27、Somescholarsdidnotbelieve.

A.toavoidunpleasantthingsinlife

B.inlookingonthebrightsideoflife

C.lesslikelytocatchcold

D.howonelooksonlife

E.tobeunhappyallthetime

F.morelikelytogetcancer

28、Howlongonecanlivepartlydependson.

29、Anoptimistdoesn1tnecessarilytry.

30、Anexperimentshowedthatoptimistswere.

第4部分：阅读理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并

根据短文内容回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。

钻——笛

EarlyorLaterDayCare

TheBritishpsychoanalystJohnBowlbymaintainsthatseparationfromthe

parentsduringthesensitiveHattachmentnperiodfrombirthtothreemayscar

achild1spersonalityandpredisposetoemotionalproblemsinlaterlife.

SomepeoplehavedrawntheconclusionfromBowlby1sworkthatchildrenshould

notbesubjectedtodaycarebeforetheageofthreebecauseoftheparental

separationitentailszandmanypeopledobelievethis.Buttherearealso

argumentsagainstsuchastrongconclusion.

Firstly,anthropologistspointoutthattheinsulatedloveaffairbetween

childrenandparentsfoundinmodemsocietiesdoesnotusuallyexistin

traditionalsocieties.Forexample,insometribalsocietieszsuchasthe

Ngonizthefatherandmotherofachilddidnotreartheirinfantalone--far

fromit.Secondly,commonsensetellsusthatdaycarewouldnotbesowidespread

todayifparents,care-takersfoundchildrenhadproblemswithit.Statistical

studiesofthiskindhavenotyetbeencardedoutzandeveniftheywere,

theresultswouldbecertaintobecomplicatedandcontroversial.Thirdly,

inthelastdecadetherehavebeenanumberofcarefulAmericanstudiesof

childrenindaycare,andtheyhaveuniformlyreportedthatdaycarehada

neutralorslightlypositiveeffectonchildren*sdevelopment.Butteststhat

havehadtobeusedtomeasurethisdevelopmentarenotwidelyenoughaccepted

tosettletheissue.

ButBowlby1sanalysisraisesthepossibilitythatearlydaycarehasdelayed

effects.Thepossibilitythatsuchcaremightleadto,say,morementalillness

orcrime15or20yearslatercanonlybeexploredbytheuseofstatistics.

Whateverthelong-termeffects,parentssometimesfindtheimmediateeffects

difficulttodealwith.Childrenunderthreearelikelytoprotestatleaving

theirparentsandshowunhappiness.Attheageofthreeorthreeandahalf

almostallchildrenfindthetransitiontonurseryeasy,andthisisundoubtedly

whymoreandmoreparentsmakeuseofchildcareatthistime.Thematter,

then,isfarfromclear-cut,thoughexperienceandavailableevidenceindicate

thatearlycareisreasonableforinfants.

31、WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldBowlbysupport?

A.Thefirstthreeyearsofone*slifeisextremelyimportant

tothelaterdevelopmentofpersonality.

B.Earlydaycarecandelaytheoccurrenceofmentalillness

inchildren.

C.Statisticalstudiesshouldbecarriedouttoassessthepositive

effectofdaycareforchildrenattheageofthreeorolder.

D.Childrenunderthreegetusedtothelifeatnurseryschools

morereadilythanchildrenoverthree.

32、WhichofthefollowingisderivablefromBowlby1swork?

A.Daycarewouldnotbesopopularifithasnoticeablenegative

effectsonachild*spersonality.

B.Daycarenurserieshavepositiveeffectsonachild1s

development.

C.Achildsenttoadaycarecenterbeforetheageofthree

mayhaveemotionalproblemsinlaterlife.

D.Mothersshouldnotsendtheirchildrentodaycarecenters

untiltheyarethreeyearsorolder.

33、Itissuggestedthatmodemsocietiesdifferfromtraditionalsocieties

inthat

A.motherbringsupchildrenwiththehelpofherhusbandin

traditionalsocieties

B.achildmoreoftengrowsupwithhis/herbrothersorsisters

intraditionalsocieties

C.theparents-childrelationshipismoreexclusiveinmodem

societies

D.childreninmodemsocietiesaremorelikelytodevelopmental

illnessinlateryears

34、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTanargumentagainstBowlby1s

theory?

A.Manystudiesshowthatdaycarehasapositiveeffecton

children*sdevelopment.

B.Parentsfindtheimmediateeffectsofearlydaycaredifficult

todealwith.

C.Separationfromparentsforveryyoungchildreniscommon

insometraditionalsocieties.

D.Daycareissafe,otherwisetherewouldn*tbesomanynursery

schools.

35、Whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthewriter'sattitudetowardsearly

daycare?

A.Childrenfewerthanthreeshouldstaywithheirparents.

B.Earlydaycarehaspositiveeffectsonchildren*sdevelopment.

C.Theeffectsofearlydaycareonchildrenareexaggerated

andparentsshouldignoretheissue.

D.Theissueiscontroversialanditssettlementcallsforthe

useofstatistics.

弟一扁

ElectronicMail

Duringthepastfewyears,scientisttheworldoverhavesuddenlyfound

themselvesproductivelyengagedintasktheyoncespenttheirlives

avoiding-writing,anykindofwritingbutparticularlyletterwriting.

Encouragedbyelectronicmail*ssurprisinglyhighspeed,convenienceand

economy,peoplewhoneverbeforetouchedthestuffareregularly,skillfully,

evencheerfullytappingoutagreatdealofcorrespondence.

Electronicnetworkszwovenintothefabricofscientificcommunication

thesedays,aretheroutetocolleaguesindistantcountieszshareddata,

bulletinboardsandelectronicjournals.Anyonewithapersonalcomputer,

amodemandthesoftwaretolinkcomputersovertelephonelinescansignon.

Anestimatedfivemillionscientistshavedonesowithmorejoiningevery

day,mostofthemcommunicatingthroughabundleofinterconnecteddomestic

andforeignroutesknowncollectivelyastheinternet；ornet.E-mailis

staringtoedgeoutthefax,thetelephone,overnightmailzandofcourse,

landmail.Itshrinkstimeanddistancebetweenscientificcollaboratorsz

inpar[becauseitisconvenientlyasynchronous(writerscantypewhiletheir

colleaguesacrosstimezonessleep；theirmessagewillbewaiting).Ifit

isnotyetspeedingdiscoverieszitiscertainlyacceleratingcommunication.

JeremyBernsteizthephysicistandsciencewriter,oncecalledE-mailthe

1

physicistsumbilicalcord.Latelyotherpeopleztoozhavebeendiscovering

itsconnectivevirtues.Physicistsareusingit；collegestudentsareusing

it,everybodyisusingit,andasasignthatithascomeofage,theNew

Yorkerhasacceleratesitsliberatingpresencewithacartoon--anappreciative

1

dogseatedatakeyboard,sayinghappily,"OntheInternetznobodyknowsyoure

adog.n

36、ThereasonsgivenbelowaboutthepopularityofE-mailcanbefoundin

thepassageexcept

A.directandreliable

B.time-savingindelivery

C.money-saving

D.availableatanytime

37、Howistheinternetornetexplainedinthepassage?

A.Electronicroutesusedtoreadhomeandinternational

journals.

B.Electronicroutesusedtofaxorcorrespondovernight.

C.Electronicrouteswaitingforcorrespondencewhileoneis

sleeping.

D.Electronicroutesconnectedamongmillionsofuserszhome

andabroad.

38、Whatdoesthesentence"Ifitisnotspeedingdiscoverieszitiscertainly-

acceleratingcommunicationHmostprobablymean?

A.Thequickspeedofcorrespondencemayhaveill-effectson

discoveries.

B.Althoughitdoesnotspeedupcorrespondence,ithelpsmake

discoveries.

C.Itquickensmutualcommunicationevenifitdoesnotaccelerate

discoveries.

D・Itshrinkstimeforcommunicationandacceleratesdiscoveries.

39、Whatdoesthesentence"OntheInternet,nobodyknowsyou*readog."imply

inthelastparagraph?

A.Evendogsareinterestedinthecomputer.

B.E-mailhasbecomeverypopular.

C.Dogsareliberatedfromtheirusualduties.

D.E-maildeprivesdogsoftheirowners*love.

40、Whatwillhappentofax,landmail,overnightmail,etc.accordingto

thewriter?

A.TheirfunctionscannotbereplacedbyE-mail.

B.Theywillco-existwithE-mailforalongtime.

C.Lessandlesspeoplewillusethem.

D.TheywillplayasupplementaryfunctiontoE-mail.

IQ-gene

IntheangrydebateoverhowmuchofIQcomesfromthegenesthatchildren

inheritfromparentsandhowmuchcomesfromexperienceszonelittlefact

getsoverlooked：noonehasidentifiedanygenes(otherthanthosethatcause

retardation)thataffectintelligence.SoresearchersledbyRobertPlomin

ofLondon1sInstituteofPsychiatrydecidedtolookforsome.Theyfigured

thatifyouwanttofinda"smartgene"zyoushouldlookinsmartkids.They

thereforeexaminedtheDNAofstudentslikethosewhoaresobrightthatthey

takecollegeentranceexamsfouryearsearly--andstillscoreat

Princeton--caliberlevels.Thescientistsfoundwhattheysought.nWehave,n

saysPlomin,"thefirstspecificgeneeverassociatedwithgeneral

intelligence.n

Plomin*scolleaguesdrewbloodfromtwogroupsof51childreneach,all

6to15yearsoldandlivinginsixcountiesaroundCleveland.Inonegroupz

theaverageIQis103.Allthechildrenarewhite.Isolatingthebloodcells,

theresearchersthenexaminedeachchild1schromosome6ofthe37landmarks

onchromosome6thattheresearcherslookedfor,onejumpedout：aformof

genecalledIGF2