江苏专用04-2024年高考英语一轮复习测试卷（解析版）

江苏专用04-2024年高考英语一轮复习测试卷本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。留意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦洁净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Shutthedoor. B.Focusonwork. C.Typeareport.【答案】A【原文】W:Couldyouclosethedoor?It’sfreezing.Icouldn’ttypemyreportregularly.M:OK.Iwasfocusingonmyworkanddidn’tpayattentiontoit.2.Whatwilltheboyhavefordinner?A.Noodles. B.Fish. C.Chicken.【答案】B【原文】M:What’sfordinner,Mum?Arewehavingnoodles?W:Wehadthatyesterday.SoIthoughtI’dmakechickenandricetonight—orfishifyouprefer.M:Thatsoundsgood.ButIhadchickenatschooltoday,soIdon’treallywantitagain.3.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atacrosswalk. B.Onaracecourse.C.Ataswimmingpool.【答案】C【详解】W:Don’tgetmewet.Idon’twanttoswim.M:Comeon.I’llraceyouacrossthepool.W:Notme.Thewater’stoocold.4.Howmanypillsdoesthedoctorsuggesttakingeveryday?A.Four. B.Six. C.Seven.【答案】A【原文】W:Doctor,Ihavearunnynose.M:Letmesee.Nothingserious.Takeoneofthesepillseverysixhoursandyouwillgetbetterafteraweek.5.Whatwillthewomando?A.Drivefaster. B.Haveaninterview. C.Takeatest.【答案】B【原文】W:Canyoudrivealittlefaster,sir?M:It’shardintherushhour.ButI’lltry.W:Thanksalot.IhaveanimportantinterviewandIdon’twanttobelate.其次节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6Wheredidthemanspendhisholiday?A.Inthemountains. B.Byalake. C.Onthebeach.7.Whatdidthemandoduringhisholiday?A.Hecollectedsomestones.B.Hedidsomewatersports.C.Heclimbedupamountain.【答案】6.B7.A【原文】W:Hi,Charlie.Howwasyourholiday?M:Well,beforeweleft,I’dimaginedthatstayingbyalakewouldbelikebeingatthebeach.Butasitturnedout,alotofwatersportsthatmyfamilyhadplannedforuswereoutofthequestionduetotheweather.Soinstead,mycousintookusforawalkalongtheshoreandshoweduswheretofindbeautifulstones—wecamebackwithseveral.W:Thatsoundsgreat.Betterthanourholidayinthemountains.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whydoesthemanthinkthepriceoftheflatistoohigh?A.Thepositionisnotgood.B.Theneighborsaretoonoisy.C.Theflatisinabadstateofrepair.9.Whatdoesthewomansayabouttheflat?A.Itischeap. B.Itispopular. C.Itisconvenient.10.Whatwillthemandothisafternoon?A.Visitadentist. B.Seeanotherflat. C.Meetthewoman.【答案】8.C9.B10.A【原文】M:Ithinkthelocationisgood.Andtheneighborsseemnice.However,consideringthewallshavetoberepaired,andtheshelvesmustberepainted,youraskingpriceisalittletoohigh.W:I’msorry.Butseveralpeopleareinterestedinthisflat,soIthinkwecangetthepricewewereaskingfor.I’llshowyouanotherflatonFifthAvenuethisafternoon.It’scheaperthanthisone,butit’sabitsmaller.M:I’mafraidIhaveanappointmentwithadentist.Let’smakeitsomeothertime.W:Ifthisafternoonisinconvenientforyou,I’llarrangeanotherdate.Letmeknowwhenisgoodforyou.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.Whatkindofflowersdoesthemanorder?A.Adozenofredcarnationsonly.B.Adozenofredlotusandsomeyellowcarnations.C.Adozenofredcarnationsandsomeyellowlotus.12.Whatdoesthemanrequirethewomantodoatlast?A.Helphimwritealetter.B.Takedowntheinformationabouthisaddress.C.Callhismotherbeforedeliveringtheflowers.13.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Themanwillpayincash.B.Theflowersarefortheman’smom.C.Theflowerswillbedeliveredtotheman’shome.【答案】11.C12.C13.B【详解】W:Hello,SunshineFlowerShop.ThisisSusanspeaking.M:ThisisTomHanks.I’dliketoordersomeflowersformymotherandhavethemsenttoherapartment.W:Fine,Mr.Hanks.Whatkindofflowerdoyouwant?M:I’dliketosendadozenredcarnationsandsomeyellowlotusaswell.W:Ourlong-stemredcarnationsaresellingfor10poundsadozenand12forlotus.Theyarereallyquitenice.M:Allrightthen.I’lltakethem.W:Ineedyourcompleteaddress,Mr.Hanks.M:TheaddressisNo.78,MWstreet.Forthecard,justwritesomethingsimple.Howabout“DearMom,allmylove”?W:OK.Whenshouldtheyarrive?M:Theyshouldbetherebefore5:00intheafternoonOctober,19th.Mymom’stelephonenumberis84563633−085.Pleasecallherfirstbeforeyoudeliverthem.W:Thatshouldbenoproblem.Justonemorequestion,Mr.Hanks.Howdoyouintendtopayforit?M:Youcanputitonmyvisacard.ThenumberisKH3272677.W:Gotit.Bye.M:Bye.Thanks.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.Whycan’tthespeakersattendalltheevents?A.Theyhavetopreparefortheirexams.B.Theyhavetostayatschoolonweekends.C.Theydon’thaveenoughmoneytobuytickets.15.Howmanyeventswillthespeakersattend?A.Three. B.Four. C.Five.16.Wherecanthespeakersdowithagoodlaugh?A.AttheFilmFestival.B.AttheStand-upComedyNight.C.AttheContemporaryCraftsExhibition.【答案】14.A15.A16.B【原文】W:Hereistheprogramforthethree-dayfestivalIwastellingyouabouttheotherday.M:Letmehavealook.Wow,therearesomanyinterestingeventstakingplacethatIwishwecouldattendthemall!W:Iknow,butsinceexamsarecomingsoonandwehavetostudy,Ithinkweshouldchoosetheoneswe’rereallyinterestedin.M:Well,tobeginwith,Ithinkweshouldn’tmisstheFilmFestivalfortheworld!Blackandwhitefilmsaresocool!W:Yes,theyare.IwouldalsoliketoattendtheStand-upComedyNight.Iheardthatit’sreallyfunny.M:Withallthispressureatschool,IthinkIcoulddowithagoodlaugh.W:Now,shallwegototheContemporaryCraftsExhibition?It’sreallyamazing.Andwe’llhaveachancetotestourDIYskillsandproveourcreativity.M:Well,totellyouthetruth,Iwouldmuchprefertogototheconcert.Goodmusicanddancingwillhelprechargeourbatteries.Don’tyouthinkso?W:Yes,you’reright.Ican’twait!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.WhodidthespeakerlivewithwhenshewasinSpain?A.TwoSpanishgirls. B.TwoEnglishgirls. C.Thehouseowner.18.WhatwasthemostdifficultforthespeakerwhenshefirstarrivedinSpain?A.Findingahouse.B.Gettingonwellwithherroommates.C.Understandingtherentalagreement.19.What’sthehouseowner’sattitudetowardsthespeaker’sdifficulty?A.Cautious. B.Puzzled. C.Patient.20.Whatisthemainpurposeofstudyingabroadaccordingtothespeaker?A.Toknowmorelocalpeople.B.Toentertheuniversity.C.Tolearnreallanguage.【答案】17.A18.C19.B20.C【原文】WhenIwenttoSpain,IthoughtitwasimportantthatIlivedwithSpanishpeople,soIdidn’tspeakEnglishallthetime.IdidknowsomefriendswhowereinMadridaswellbutIdidn’tstaywiththem.IlivedwithtwoSpanishgirlsandwegotonreallywell.Inthebeginning,theyusedtospeakreallyslowlyandloudtomakesureIwouldunderstand.ButIoftenfeltlikeabitofafool.SoontheyrealizedthatIcouldunderstandeventhoughsometimesImightnotknowwhattosayinresponse.Itwasnotdifficulttofindahouse.ButthemostdifficultthingwhenIfirstarrivedinSpainwastofigureouttherentalagreement,Ididn’tunderstanditatall,becauseitwasfulloflegalterms.Thehouseownerwasabout85yearsoldandshedidn’tspeakanyEnglish.Shedidn’treallyunderstandwhyIcouldn’tunderstandwhatIwasreading.Thosearethechallengesyouhavetofacewhenyoumovetoanewcountryandtherearethingsyouhaveneverconsideredbefore.Butyouhavetogetthroughthemwhenyouareoverthere.Obviously,theaimofyouryearabroadistoliveinthecountrywheretheyspeakthelanguageyou’relearning.Justtalktothelocalsandlearnasmanyeverydayphrasesaspossible.Learnwhatpeoplereallysay,insteadofjustthingsthatyoulearnfromtextbooksandfromyourclassesatuniversity.其次部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A(2023届浙江Z20名校联盟高三第三次联考英语试题)InspiredbyhismentorLouisSullivan,aninfluentialfigureintheworldofmodernistarchitecture,FrankLloydWrightcoinedtheterm‘organicarchitecture’around1908.Ratherthanimitatingnatureororganicelementswithinthenaturalworldorganicarchitectureismoreconcernedwithre-interpretationofnatureandharmonybetweentheorganicandthebuiltenvironment.Itensuresthattheindividualelementswithinbuildingsareputtogethertoreflecttheorderwithinnature.Hereare4ofthemoststrikingexamples.CasaMilàLocation:Barcelona,SpainYearofcompletion:1910Architect:AntoniGaudiConsideredthegreatestexponentofCatalanModernism,AntoniGaudiwasdevotedtonatureandtheCatholicreligion.Whileheoriginallyintendedthisorganicbuildingtohaveareligiouspurpose,itisnowanapartmentbuilding.Truetotheorganicstyle,itfeatureshoneyshapesthatseeminglyemergefromtheearth.LearningHubatNanyangTechnologicalUniversity(NTU)Location:SingaporeYearofcompletion:2015Architect:ThomasHeatherwickEarningthenicknames‘dimsumbasketbuilding’and‘theHive’,theLearningHubconsistsof12eight-storeytowersarrangedaroundapublicatrium.Theorganicnatureofthebuildingextendstoitsinteriorwithfeatureslikegardensthatareintendedtoencouragesocialinteractionsandstudyamongstudents.FallingWaterLocation:MillRun,PennsylvaniaYearofcompletion:1939Architect:FrankLloydWrightAclassicofmodernismandorganicarchitecture,FallingWatersitsontopofawaterfall.FrankLloydWrightdesigneditfortheKaufmannfamilywho-thoughtheyhadoriginallyhopedforaviewofthewaterfall-cametolovethehome.EastBeachCaféLocation:Littlehampton,UKYearofcompletion:2007Architect:ThomasHeatherwickLocatedinaseasideareawithanindustrialhistory,EastBeachCaferesembles(像)apieceofdriftwood.Fortymeterslong,sevenmeterswideandfivemetershigh,itinitiallypolarisedlocals,buthassincebeenwell-receivedbythewholecommunity.ItwasthefirstbuildingforThomasHeatherwickwhopreviouslywasbetterknownasasculptor.21.Whichbuildinghasthelongesthistory?A.CasaMilà. B.LearningHubatNTU. C.FallingWater. D.EastBeachCafe.22.WhatcanwelearnaboutEastBeachCafé?A.Itremainsfloatingonthesea. B.Itservestoencouragesocialinteractions.C.Itwasnotacceptedbyallthelocalsinitially. D.Itwasoriginallyintendedforaparticularfamily.23.Whichofthefollowingmagazinesisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.NaturalWorld B.ArchitecturalDigestC.OrganicGardening D.ExtraordinaryFigures【答案】21.A22.C23.B【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四座建筑的状况。21细节理解题。依据文章内容可知，CasaMilà完成于1910年；LearningHubatNanyangTechnologicalUniversity(NTU)完成于2015年；FallingWater完成于1939年；EastBeachCafé完成于2007年。故CasaMilà的历史最悠久。故选A。22细节理解题。依据EastBeachCafé部分中“Fortymeterslong,sevenmeterswideandfivemetershigh,itinitiallypolarisedlocals,buthassincebeenwell-receivedbythewholecommunity.(它长40米，宽7米，高5米，最初引起了当地人的两极分化，但后来得到了整个社区的好评)”可知，起初并不是全部的当地人都接受EastBeachCafé。故选C。23推理推断题。依据其次段“Ratherthanimitatingnatureororganicelementswithinthenaturalworld,organicarchitectureismoreconcernedwithre-interpretationofnatureandharmonybetweentheorganicandthebuiltenvironment.Itensuresthattheindividualelementswithinbuildingsareputtogethertoreflecttheorderwithinnature.Hereare4ofthemoststrikingexamples.(有机建筑不是仿照自然或自然界中的有机元素，而是更关注对自然的重新诠释，以及有机环境与建筑环境之间的和谐。它确保了建筑内部的单个元素被组合在一起，以反映自然的秩序。以下是四个最引人注目的例子)”结合文章主要介绍了四座建筑的状况。可推知，“建筑文摘”可能是本文的来源。故选B。B(2023届浙江省宁波市高三上学期高考与选考模拟考试)If,likeme,you’rethekindofpersonwhofindsithardtomakedecisions,thenMalcolmGladwell’sBlinkmightjustbethebookyouhavebeenwaitingfor.BecauseBlinkisallaboutrapidcognition—thatis,thosemomentswhenwemakesnapjudgements,forexample,whenmeetingsomeoneforthefirsttimeorlookingatsomethingwe’rethinkingofbuying.Heanalysesexactlywhatgoesoninourheadswhenwemakesplit-seconddecisionsandcomparesthistothethoughtprocessesinvolvedwhenwetakelongertocometoadecision.Interestinglyheclaimsthat,“Therearelotsofsituations—particularlyattimesofhighpressureandstress—whenfortunatelyhastedoesnotmakewaste.”WhatmakesBlinkareallyinterestingreadisthenumberofstoriesthatGladwellincludestosupporthistheories.OnesuchstoryinvolvesdoctorsintheEmergencyRoomatCookCountyHospitalinChicago.Aftertoldtochangethewayofdiagnoses,insteadofaskingforinformationsuchasthepatient’sageandweightandmedicalhistory,theyweregoingtofocusonlyonthepatient’sbloodpressure.AndnowCookCountyisoneofthebestplacesintheUSatdiagnosingchestpain.Ofcourse,thereareoccasionswhenweleaptothewrongconclusion.Inhisresearch,GladwelldiscoveredthatalmostalltheCEOsofthetopcompaniesintheUSaretall.Thereisnoactualrelationshipbetweenheightandintelligence,butforsomereason,corporationsoverwhelminglychoosetallpeopleforleadershiproles.Thereissomethinggoingoninthefirstfewsecondsofmeetingatallpersonwhichmakesusthinkofthatpersonasaneffectiveleader,whichunfortunatelystopsusfrommakinganinformeddecision.Allinall,Blinkisafascinatingstudyonanactivitythatwealldoseveraltimesaday.Readitandmakebetterdecisions.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“snap”inthefirstparagraphmean?A.Instant. B.Decisive. C.Hesitant D.Important.25.HowweredoctorsatCookCountyHospitalabletomakebetterdiagnoses?A.Byobtainingthepatients’medicalhistory.B.Bybasingdiagnosesonpatients’bloodpressure.C.Byabandoningregularwaysofdiagnosingpatients.D.Byinquiringaboutcurrenthealthconditionofthepatients.26.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestbymentioningleadershiprolesoftallpeople?A.Tallpeopletendtobecapableleaders.B.Aperson’sheightandintelligencearecloselyrelated.C.CEOsoftopcompaniesusuallydrawrightconclusions.D.Thefirstimpressionofapersoncanresultinbadjudgement.27.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tohonorawriter. B.Torecommendabook.C.Tointroducearesearch. D.Toexplainaphenomenon.【答案】24.A25.B26.D27.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一本马尔科姆·格拉德威尔的《刺眼》一书，可以挂念人快速做出打算。24词句猜想题。依据画线词上文“BecauseBlinkisallaboutrapidcognition”（由于Blink是关于快速认知的）以及后文“forexample,whenmeetingsomeoneforthefirsttimeorlookingatsomethingwe’rethinkingofbuying”（例如，当我们第一次见到某人或者看到我们想买的东西的时候。）可知，举例是为了对前文做解释，因而划线词所在句指也就是说，当我们做出马上推断的时候，故画线词意思是“马上”。故选A。25细节理解题。依据第三段“OnesuchstoryinvolvesdoctorsintheEmergencyRoomatCookCountyHospitalinChicago.Aftertoldtochangethewayofdiagnoses,insteadofaskingforinformationsuchasthepatient’sageandweightandmedicalhistory,theyweregoingtofocusonlyonthepatient’sbloodpressure.AndnowCookCountyisoneofthebestplacesintheUSatdiagnosingchestpain.(其中一个故事涉及芝加哥库克县医院急诊室的医生。在被告知转变诊断方式后，他们不再询问患者的年龄、体重和病史等信息，而是只关注患者的血压。现在库克县是美国诊断胸痛最好的地方之一)”可知，库克县医院的医生依据病人的血压进行诊断，从而做出更好的诊断。故选B。26推理推断题。依据倒数其次段“Ofcourse,thereareoccasionswhenweleaptothewrongconclusion.Inhisresearch,GladwelldiscoveredthatalmostalltheCEOsofthetopcompaniesintheUSaretall.Thereisnoactualrelationshipbetweenheightandintelligence,butforsomereason,corporationsoverwhelminglychoosetallpeopleforleadershiproles.Thereissomethinggoingoninthefirstfewsecondsofmeetingatallpersonwhichmakesusthinkofthatpersonasaneffectiveleader,whichunfortunatelystopsusfrommakinganinformeddecision.(当然，有时我们会草率地得出错误的结论。在他的争辩中，格拉德威尔发觉，几乎全部美国顶级公司的CEO都是高个子。身高和智力之间并没有实际的关系，但出于某种缘由，公司绝大多数都选择高个子的人担当领导职务。在见到一个高个子的人的最初几秒钟，会发生一些事情，让我们认为这个人是一个有效的领导者，不幸的是，这阻挡了我们做出明智的打算)”可知，作者提到高个子的领导作用是为了说明对一个人的第一印象会导致错误的推断。故选D。27推理推断题。依据第一段“If,likeme,you’rethekindofpersonwhofindsithardtomakedecisions,thenMalcolmGladwell’sBlinkmightjustbethebookyouhavebeenwaitingfor.(假如像我一样，你是那种很难做打算的人，那么马尔科姆·格拉德威尔的《刺眼》可能就是你始终在等待的书)”以及最终一段“Allinall,Blinkisafascinatingstudyonanactivitythatwealldoseveraltimesaday.Readitandmakebetterdecisions.(总之，《刺眼》是一项关于我们每天都要做几次的活动的迷人争辩。阅读它，做出更好的打算)”可知，这篇文章的目的是推举一本书。故选B。C(2022届广东省广州市天河区一般高中毕业班综合测试)LocatedinthemiddleoftheEgyptiandesertisoneoftheSevenWondersoftheAncientWorld,theGreatPyramidofGiza.Asidefrombeinganincrediblearchitectureachievement,italsoservesasthefinalrestingplaceforthegreatPharaohKhufu.Yet,onequestionwhichhasconfusedarcheologistsandarchitectsalikeishowthisamazingstructurewasbuilt.Manypeopledon’tbelievethathumansweretechnologicallyadvancedenoughinancientEgypttobuildsuchalargeandhighlyadvancedstructure.Thisbroughtaboutmanycrazytheoriesthatthepyramidswereconstructedbyaraceofgiantsorevenaliensfromouterspace.Anotherpopulartheorysuggestedthatthepyramidswerebuiltbyanarmyofpoorslaveswhowereforcedto.Moderntechnologyandsomerecentfindingshavehelpedshedsomelightonthisancientmystery.Amajorbreakthroughoccurredwhenanexploreraccidentallyuncoveredatombcontainingsomewritteninformationaboutthebuilders.Therecordsrevealthattheworkerswerepaidandwell-fed,andcamefrompoorfamiliesinEgypt.Furtheranalysismadeitclearthatpeopleconsidereditanhonortoworkonthepyramids,andthebuildersweretreatedwithgreatrespect.Infact,anyonewhodiedwhileworkingonthepyramidswasgiventhehonorofbeingburiedinthetombnearwherethepharaohslay.Themyththattheypurposelyworkedtodeathisn’ttrue,either.Toavoidexhaustion,thebuildersworkedthree-monthshiftsandthenweregivenabreaktorecover.Arecentestimatefromresearchersisthataworkforceofroughly15,000peoplecouldhavecompletedtheconstructioninabout10years.Ananalysisofthebonesofthebuildersrevealedthattheirworkwasextremelytough,asmostoftheskeletonsdisplayedsignsofsevereinjuries.Butthankstotheirincredibleeffort,thehumanracehasanastonishingmonumentthatshouldstandthetestoftime.28.WhichofthefollowingistrueabouttheGreatPyramidofGiza?A.Itremainsamysterywhobuiltit.B.ItwasatombfortheGreatPharaohKhufu.C.ItwasoneoftheSevenWondersofancientEgypt.D.Itwasanarchitecturewonderalthoughroughlystructured.29.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.TheidentityofthePyramidsbuilders.B.Thewell-offlifethePyramidsbuildersled.C.NewinformationaboutthebuildersofthePyramids.D.SomeinformationaboutthelifeofPharaohKhufu.30.Whichofthefollowingbestprovesthatthebuilderswerehighlyrespected?A.Theywerepaidfortheirhardworkonthepyramids.B.Theywereeatingwellalthoughtheywerefrompoorfamilies.C.Theywereselectedbecauseitwasanhonortoworkonthepyramids.D.Theywereburiednearthepharaohs’tombsiftheydiedduringworking.31.HowdoestheauthorseemtoreelaboutthePyramidsbuilders?A.Heisgratefulthattheycouldworksohard.B.Heshowsgreatsympathyfortheirhardwork.C.HeisimpressedbytheirdevotiontothePharaohs.D.Hefeelsproudofthemfortheiradvancedtechnology.【答案】28.B29.C30.D31.A本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了古代世界七大奇迹之———位于埃及沙漠的中部吉萨大金字塔。28B【解析】细节理解题。依据第一段“LocatedinthemiddleoftheEgyptiandesertisoneoftheSevenWondersoftheAncientWorld,theGreatPyramidofGiza.Asidefrombeinganincrediblearchitectureachievement,italsoservesasthefinalrestingplaceforthegreatPharaohKhufu.(吉萨大金字塔位于埃及沙漠的中部，是古代世界七大奇迹之一。它不仅是一项令人难以置信的建筑成就，也是宏大的法老胡夫的最终安眠之地。)”可知，吉萨大金字塔是宏大的法老胡夫的坟墓。故选B。29C【解析】主旨大意题。依据第三段“Amajorbreakthroughoccurredwhenanexploreraccidentallyuncoveredatombcontainingsomewritteninformationaboutthebuilders.(一个重大的突破发生在一个探险家偶然发觉了一个古墓，里面有一些关于建筑者的文字信息。)”可知，第三段主要讲了关于金字塔建筑者的新信息。故选C。30D【解析】细节理解题。依据第三段“Infact,anyonewhodiedwhileworkingonthepyramidswasgiventhehonorofbeingburiedinthetombnearwherethepharaohslay.(事实上，任何死于金字塔工程的人都被授予了葬在法老墓四周的荣誉。)”可知，建筑者假如在工作中死亡，他们被掩埋在法老的坟墓四周，证明白建筑者是格外受敬重的。故选D。31A【解析】推理推断题。依据最终一段“Ananalysisofthebonesofthebuildersrevealedthattheirworkwasextremelytough,asmostoftheskeletonsdisplayedsignsofsevereinjuries.Butthankstotheirincredibleeffort,thehumanracehasanastonishingmonumentthatshouldstandthetestoftime.(对这些建筑工人骨骼的分析显示，他们的工作极其艰苦，由于大多数骨骼显示出严峻受伤的迹象。但由于他们不行思议的努力，人类有了一座惊人的纪念碑，它应当经得起时间的考验。)”可推断，作者很感谢金字塔的建筑者能如此努力工作。故选A。D(2021届广东省高三下学期冲刺联考4月英语试题)Whenalivingthinggivesoffaglow,it’scalledbioluminescence.Firefliesareawell-knownexampleofbioluminescence.Manymushroomsarealsobio-luminescent.Firefliesandotherbio-luminescentcreatureslightupthankstochemicalsinsidetheirbodies.Thesechemicalsareknownasluciferins,whichcauseachemicalreactionthatgivesofflight.Plantsdon’tnaturallyhaveluciferins,sotherearenonaturallybio-luminescentplants.Inthepast,scientistscreatedglowingplantsbyaddingDNAfromglowingbacteria.Buttheglowingeffectwasweak.Theyalsocreatedglowingplantsbyaddingluciferinstoplants.In2017,ateamatMITwasabletocausewatercressplantstoglowforaboutfourhours.Now,researchersataRussiancompanycalledPlanta,workingwithscientistsfromtheUnitedKingdomandAustria,havecomeupwithanewmethodofcreatingglowingplantswhichlastaslongastheyarealive.Thescientistsfocusedonanacidthatisfoundinbothplantsandmushrooms.ByaddingcertainpartsoftheDNAfromglowingmushroomstoordinarytobaccoplants,thescientistsareabletocreateplantsthatcanmaketheirownluciferinsusingthisacid.Thescientistsreportthatthegreenishlightisabout10timesbrighterthaninearlierones,whichisstrongenoughtobeeasilyrecordedwithanordinarycamera,butdoesn’taffectthehealthoftheplants.Glowingplantsreflectthewayplantswork.Thescientistspointoutthattheglowingisn’tconstant,butseemstochange,dependinguponwhatishappeninginsidetheplants.Youngerpartsoftheplantsglowmorestronglythanolderparts.Theflowersglowespeciallybrightly.They’venoticedmovingpatternsoflightintheplants,whichtheythinkmayshowactivityinplantsthatnormallycan’tbeseen.Theglowingalsohelpsuncoverhowplantsmaybeaffectedbythingsaroundthem.Forexample,theplantsglowmuchmorestronglywhenaripebananaskinisnearby.32.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphfocuson?A.Whatbioluminescenceis. B.Whatluciferinsareusedfor.C.Whychemicalreactionexists. D.Whysomelivingthingsglow.33.Howdotobaccoplantsproduceluciferins?A.Byglowingconstantly. B.Byusinganinputchemical.C.Bymakingglowingbacteria. D.Byabsorbingnaturallight.34.Whatdoestheauthorconveyaboutglowingplantsinthelastparagraph?A.Theactivitiesoftheirlight. B.Theirvaluetothescientists.C.Theireffectsonotherplants. D.Thespacesoftheirexistence.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ScientistsCreateGlowingPlants B.GlowingPlantsAttractScientistsC.PlantsGlowBetterandBetter D.MakingPlantsGlowIsNecessary【答案】32.D33.B34.B35.A本文属于说明文。植物本身并没有荧光素，所以没有自然 的发光植物。但科学家们经过不断尝试，制造出了能够发光的植物。文章介绍了这种植物的一些特性和发光植物对于科学家们的价值所在。32D【解析】主旨大意题。依据第一段“Whenalivingthinggivesoffaglow,it’scalledbioluminescence.Firefliesareawell-knownexampleofbioluminescence.Manymushroomsarealsobio-luminescent.Firefliesandotherbio-luminescentcreatureslightupthankstochemicalsinsidetheirbodies.Thesechemicalsareknownasluciferins,whichcauseachemicalreactionthatgivesofflight.(当一个生物发出光时，它被称为生物发光。萤火虫是一个众所周知的生物发光的例子。很多蘑菇也有生物发光。萤火虫和其他发光生物之所以发光是由于它们体内的化学物质。这些化学物质被称为荧光素，它们会引起发光的化学反应)”可知，第一段的重点是为什么有些生物会发光。故选D。33B【解析】细节理解题。依据其次段中“ByaddingcertainpartsoftheDNAfromglowingmushroomstoordinarytobaccoplants,thescientistsareabletocreateplantsthatcanmaketheirownluciferinsusingthisacid.(通过将发光蘑菇的特定DNA片段添加到一般烟草植物中，科学家们能够制造出利用这种酸来制造自己的荧光素的植物)”可知，烟草植物利用一种加入化学物质产生荧光素。故选B。34B【解析】推理推断题。依据最终一段中“Glowingplantsreflectthewayplantswork.(发光植物反映了植物的活动方式)”以及倒数其次句“Theglowingalsohelpsuncoverhowplantsmaybeaffectedbythingsaroundthem.(这种发光植物还有助于揭示植物是如何受到四周环境的影响的)”可推知，本段作者在传达发光植物对于科学家们的价值所在。故选B。35A【解析】主旨大意题。依据其次段中“Now,researchersataRussiancompanycalledPlanta,workingwithscientistsfromtheUnitedKingdomandAustria,havecomeupwithanewmethodofcreatingglowingplantswhichlastaslongastheyarealive.(现在，一家名为Planta的俄罗斯公司的争辩人员与来自英国和奥地利的科学家合作，提出了一种制造发光植物的新方法，这种植物可以始终存活下去)”结合文章说明白植物本身并没有荧光素，所以没有自然 的发光植物。但科学家们经过不断尝试，制造出了能够发光的植物。文章介绍了这种植物的一些特性和发光植物对于科学家们的价值所在。可知，A选项“科学家制造动身光的植物”最符合文章标题。故选A。其次节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）(2021届无锡市高三下学期教学质量检测英语试卷)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。APlasticOceanisafilmtomakeyouthink.Think,andthenact.Weneedtotakeactiononourdependenceonplastic.We’vebeenproducingplasticinhugequantities.Drinkingbottles,shoppingbagsandevenclothesaremadewithplastic.___36___Whathappenstoalltherest?ThisisthequestionthefilmAPlasticOceananswers.Thefilmbeginsasajourneytofilmthelargestanimalontheplanet,thebluewhale.Butduringthejourneythefilmmakersmaketheshockingdiscoveryofahuge,thicklayerofplasticfloatingintheIndianOcean.___37___Intotal,theyvisited20locationsaroundtheworldduringthefouryearstomakethefilm.Inthefilmtherearebeautifulshotsoftheseasandmarinelife.___38___Weseehowmarinespeciesarebeingkilledbyalltheplasticwearedumpingintheocean.Themessageaboutouruseofplasticispainfullyobvious.___39___Inthesecondhalf,thefilmmakerslookatwhatwecandotodealwiththeproblem.Theypresentshort-termandlong-termsolutions.Theseincludeavoidingplasticcontainersandrecycleasmuchasyoucan.Thefilmmakersalsostresstheneedforgovernmentstoworkmoreonrecyclingprogrammes.Wemakeashockingamountofplastic.Over300milliontonsofplasticareproducedeveryyear,andatleast8millionofthosearedumpedintotheoceans.Theresultsaredisastrous,butitisn’ttoolatetochange.___40___A.Thiscausesthemtotravelaroundtheworldtolookatotheraffectedareas.B.Onceyou’veseenthefil