上海市师范大学外国语中学2025届高三英语上学期期中试题含解析_第1页
上海市师范大学外国语中学2025届高三英语上学期期中试题含解析_第2页
上海市师范大学外国语中学2025届高三英语上学期期中试题含解析_第3页
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PAGEPAGE28上海市师范高校外国语中学2025届高三英语上学期期中试题(含解析)II.GrammarandVocabulary(20%)SectionA(10%每小题1分)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwithproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.KazuoIshigurohasanumberofstringstohisbow,orratherbisguitar___1___62-year-oldisworldfamousasawriteroffiction,buthisearlydreamwastobeagreatsingerandsongwriter.HisfriendandformerpublisherRobertMcCrumrecallshim___2___(turn)upatthepublishinghouseFaberandFaberwithabunchofhisstoriesinonehandandeguitaroverhisshoulder.Itwashisstories___3___earnedhimthegreathonor.Ashisnameindicates,IshigurocomesfromaJapanesebackground,althoughhecametoBritainfromJapanattheageof5andisaBritaincitizenwhowritesinEnglish.He___4___(educate)attheUniversityofEastAnglia,aschoolthathasbecomeknownfortrainingwriters.Ishiguro'swritingishighlyrestrained.Hischaractersareoftenreluctanttoexpressthemselves,exceptinakindofcode.ThiscertainlygiveshiswritingaqualityincommonwiththatofJaneAusten,anauthortowhomheisoftencompared.ThebestexampleofthisishisnovelTheRemainsoftheDay,___5___(adapt)laterintoasuccessfulfilmwiththesamename.ThecentralcharacterofthebookisabutlercalledStevens.HeisanextremelyloyalservanttoanEnglishlord,andisacharacter___6___somemightcallrepressed(压抑的).Heisnotwillingtoconfesshisfeelingstoanyone___7___hemissesouton(错失)affectionandlove.ThestoryistoldbyStevensandhisstyleisaspoliteandunrevealingashisbehavior.Ofcoursewe___8___readbetweenthelinestouncoverthe“real”story,whichisn’tquitetheonethebutleristelling.Stevensfindsitchallenging___9___(communicate),andcommunicationisoftenathemeinIshiguro’snovels.Inhisauthor’ssenseoftheworld,thereisagapbetweenourfeelingsandourabilitytocommunicate____10____.TheNobelCommitteeemphasizedthisthemewhenittalkedaboutcommunicateIshiguro’swork.Thewriterhas,thecommitteeclaimed,“innovelsofgreatemotionalforce...uncoveredtheabyss(深渊)beneathourillusory(虚幻的)senseofconnectionwiththeworld.”【答案】1.The2.turning3.that4.waseducated5.adapted6.who/that7.sothat8.haveto9.tocommunicate10.them【解析】本文是说明。讲解并描述了诺贝尔文学奖得主日裔英国作家石黑一雄以及他著名的作品小说《长日留痕》,他的作品风格大多沉静克制,但在安静的表面下却隐藏着巨大的情感力气。【1题详解】考查冠词。句意:石黑一雄不只会写作,他还有一手——弹吉他。现年62岁的他是位著名遐迩的小说家。但他早年的幻想却是成为一位宏大的歌手和词曲作家。依据语境,此处“特指62岁的(石黑一雄)”,用定冠词the,置句首首字母大写,故填The。【2题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他的好友、前出版商罗伯特·麦克鲁姆还记得当时年轻的石黑背着一把吉他,手上拿着一叠他所写的故事,出现在费伯出版社的情景。分析句子可知,turnup作宾语补足语,说明说明宾语him,二者之间是主动关系,用现在分词,故填turning。【3题详解】考查强调句型。句意:而正是这些故事让他在两周前获得了诺贝尔奖的殊荣。hisstoriesearnedhimthegreathonor是完整的句子,故此句式强调句型,故填that。【4题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意:他在以培育作家著称的东安格利亚高校接受了教化。分析句子可知,educate是谓语动词,与主语he是被动关系,依据句意,受教化是过去的事情,用一般过去时的被动语态,且主语he是第三人称单数,故填waseducated。【5题详解】考查过去分词。句意:最好的一个例子便是他所著的小说《长日留痕》,后来也被胜利改编成了电影。分析句子可知,adapt作定语,修饰hisnovelTheRemainsoftheDay,二者之间是被动关系,用过去分词作定语,故填adapted。【6题详解】考查定语从句。句意:他是一位英国贵族极尽忠诚的仆人,有人也会认为这是个压抑的角色。分析句子可知,空格处引导定语从句,修饰acharacter,从句中作宾语,指人,用关系代词who或者that,故填who/that。【7题详解】考查状语从句。句意:他不情愿向任何人吐露自己的心声结果他错过了自己的爱恋。依据处引导结果状语从句,sothat“以便;因此”符合句意,故填sothat。【8题详解】考查情态动词。句意:当然,我们须要在字里行间读出“真正的”故事,而这与这位男管家所讲解并描述的大相径庭。空格后是动词原形,故空格处用情态动词,依据句意,haveto“必需”符合句意,依据上下文语境,用一般现在时,主语是复数,故填haveto。【9题详解】考查不定式。句意:史蒂文斯认为沟通是种挑战,而沟通也常是石黑一雄小说的主题。分析句子可知,it是形式宾语,communicate是真正的宾语,故用不定式形式,故填tocommunicate。【10题详解】考查代词。句意:在这位作者的世界观中,人们的情感和表达实力之间存在鸿沟。分析句子可知,空格处指代上文提到ourfeelings,作宾语用宾格,故填them。SectionB(10%每小题1分)Directions:Afterreadingthepassageandthesentencesbelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonemorewordthanyouneed.A.bindB.exactC.intentlyD.coversE.alertF.instantlyG.remainsH.springsI.attackJ.identifyK.triggeredAntibodiesplayakeyroleintheimmunesystem.Theybegintheprocessofgettingridoftheinvadersthatmaycauseharmorinfection.Thislesson___11___howantibodiesworkandthedifferentkindsofantibodies.WhatAreAntibodies?Antibodies,alsoknownasimmunoglobulins,areY-shapedproteinsthatareproducedbytheimmunesystemtohelpstopintrudersfromharmingthebody.Whenanintruderentersthebody,theimmunesystem___12___intoaction.Theseinvaders,whicharecalledantigens(抗原),canbeviruses,bacteria,orotherchemicals.Whenanantigenisfoundinthebody,theimmunesystemwillcreateantibodiestomarktheantigenforthebodytodestroy.FunctionTheantibodiesactsortofliketheimmunesystem’sscouts.Theyfindantigens,sticktothem,and___13___fortheimmunesystemthe___14___typeofantigensothatitcanbedestroyed.Eachantibodyismadeforoneandonlyoneantigen,andit’sfittedwithspecialreceptorsthatwillonly___15___tothatantigen.Forinstance,aspecificantibodyiscreatedtohelpdestroythechickenpoxvirus.Onlythatparticularantibodywillattackachickenpoxvirus.HowAntibodiesFightAntigensSowhathappenswhenanantigentriestoenterthebody?Whenitdoes,theimmunesystemis___16___.Chemicalsignalsaresentto___17___allthedifferentpartsoftheimmunesystemintoaction.First,thevirusismetbyatypeofcellcalledBcells.TheBcellsareresponsibleforcreatingantibodiestomatchtheantigen.Remember,eachtypeofantibodymatchestoonlyoneantigen.AftertheBcellshavecreatedtheirantibodies,theantibodiessticktothevirus,markingitforthenextroundof___18___.Tcellsarethenorderedtoattacktheantigenthattheantibodieshavemarkedforit.Aftertheantigenhasbeendestroyed,thecleanupcrewcomesalong.Awaveofphagocyteslargecellsthatcanconsumeforeignmatter,eatsthe___19___oftheinfection.ImmunizationsAfteraninfectionisdefeated,theantibodiesstillremaininthebody.Theyarelefttheretowaitincasethatparticularantigenreturns.Immunizationstakeadvantageofthefactthatantibodiesremaininthebodyafteraninfectioniseradicated.Mostimmunizationsconsistofaweakordilutedformofanantigen-notenoughoftheantigentomakethepatientsick,butjustenoughtotriggerthecreationofantibodies.Thisway,thebodycan____20____attackanyformoftheinfectionitencounters,stoppingtheinfectionsbeforetheybegin.【答案】11.D12.H13.J14.B15.A16.K17.E18.I19.G20.F【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了抗体、抗体功能及其作用等。【11题详解】考查动词。句意:这节课包括抗体是如何工作的以及不同种类的抗体。此处缺乏谓语动词,动词covers(包括、覆盖)符合句意。故选D项。【12题详解】考查动词。句意:当入侵者进入人体时,免疫系统就会快速行动起来。此处缺乏谓语动词,springinto(行动起来),动词springs(跃、突然猛烈地移动)符合句意。故选H项。【13题详解】考查动词。句意:他们找到抗原,粘住他们,为免疫系统识别出准确的抗原类型,以便将其摧毁。此处缺乏谓语动词,与and前面的谓语find和stickto并列,动词identify(识别)符合句意。故选J项。【14题详解】考查形容词。句意:他们找到抗原,粘住他们,为免疫系统识别出准确的抗原类型,以便将其摧毁。此处用形容词作定语修饰名词type,形容词exact(准确的)符合句意。故选B项。【15题详解】考查动词。句意:每一种抗体都是针对一种抗原而制备的,它配备了只与抗原结合的特殊受体。助动词will后接动词原形,动词bind(结合)符合句意。故选A项。16题详解】考查被动语态。句意:一旦发生,免疫系统就会被触发。此处缺乏谓语动词,被动语态(bedone),此处用过去分词,过去分词triggered(触发)符合句意。故选K项。【17题详解】考查动词。句意:化学信号被发送来警告免疫系统的全部不同部分实行行动。此处是动词不定式(todo),此处用动词原形形式,动词alert(向……报警)符合句意。故选E项。【18题详解】考查名词。句意:在B细胞产生抗体后,抗体会粘附在病毒上,为下一轮攻击做好打算。thenextroundof___8___名词全部格,此处用名词形式,名词attack(攻击)符合句意。故选I项。【19题详解】考查名词。句意:一波吞噬细胞能吞噬异物,吞噬感染残余物。the___9___oftheinfection是名词全部格,此处用名词形式,名词remains(剩余物、残留物)符合句意。故选G项。【20题详解】考查副词。句意:这样,身体可以马上攻击它遇到的任何形式的感染,在感染起先之前阻挡它们。此处用副词作状语修饰动词attack,副词instantly(马上)符合句意。故选F项。III.ReadingComprehension(45%)SectionA(15%每小题1分)Thenextgenerationofartificialintelligence(AI)promisestohaveanimpactasbigasthemobilerevolutionortheinternetrevolution.Thepositiveopportunitybeforeusisvirtually___21___—butforAItomeetitsvastpotential,itwillrequiretheright___22___.AIisalreadyrevolutionizingourlives.Butthoughcomputerscanassistus,theyarenotlikeus.Ourhealthofexperiencegivesuscreativity—butitalsomakesusvulnerabletoaccumulating.Consciousandunconsciousbiases(偏见).___23___,AIsystemstodayreceivetheir“training”usingveryspecificcollectionsofrelevantdata.Thesedatasetscanbelargebutareinherentlymuchmore___24___thanhumanexperience.Thatcanbea(n)___25___—AIdoesnothavethecomplexemotionsthatguidehumandecisionmaking,soitcould___26___mostifnotalloftheseinherentbiases.BasedonpreviousworkinvolvedinAIresearch,webelievethatmakersofAIshould___27___thefollowingprinciples.First,AIshouldbenefitthemany,notthefew.Inpracticalterms,itispossibleforAItohelpthedoctorandthepatient,thebusinessandtheemployee.Asasociety,weshouldmakeuseofthis___28___andensurethatAIalwaysaimsforthecommongood.Second,AIresearchanddevelopmentshouldbeopen,responsibleandsocially___29___.AswecontinuedevelopingAI,newquestionswillcontinuetoarise,andwewillneedtoanswerthem____30____,includingeveryonefromengineersandscientiststophilosophersandactivists.Inparticular,thosewhoseindustrieswill____31____asresultofAIwillneedtobepartofthisglobalconversation.Third,thosewhodesignAIshouldestablishbestpracticestoavoidundesirableoutcomes.Isasystemdoingwhatweneed.Arewetrainingisusingtherightdata?Havewethoughtthroughthewayanysystemmightyield____32____sideeffects—anddowehaveaplantocorrectforthis?Thereshouldbechecksystemsthat____33____whetheranAIsystemisdoingwhatitwasbuilttodo.Wearebuildingtoolsthathumanscontrol.AIwillreflectthevaluesofthosewhobuildit.Ultimatelyour____34____forAIistogivepeoplemorechoicesabouthowtheylivetheirlives.Underourcontrol,itcantakethedrudgery(辛苦乏味的)outofworkandfreeupmanymorehoursforcreativepursuits.And____35____properlyandcooperatively,AIcouldhelpbringaboutsolutionstotheworld’smostcomplexproblems.21.A.limitless B.timeless C.tireless D.hopeless22.A.change B.conflict C.approach D.access23.A.Forexample B.Incontrast C.Asaresult D.Inaddition24.A.diverse B.restricted C.advanced D.unreliable25.A.aspect B.boom C.advantage D.downside26.A.way B.justify C.challenge D.avoid27.A.objectto B.stickto C.referto D.taketo28.A.potential B.benefit C.principles D.research29.A.attached B.engaged C.touched D.launched30.A.practically B.enthusiastically C.consciously D.cooperatively31.A.change B.depress C.relieve D.enrich32.A.unintended B.reasonable C.informative D.feasible33.A.release B.infer C.evaluate D.qualify34.A.likelihood B.dream C.challenge D.enthusiasm35.A.applied B.created C.demonstrated D.adapted【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.B25.C26.D27.B28.A29.B30.D31.A32.A33.C34.B35.A【解析】这是一篇争论文。文章讲解并描述了,下一代人工智能(AI)有望产生与移动革命或互联网革命一样大的影响,为了更多地造福于多数人,人工智能制造者应当坚持一些原则。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们面前的主动机会事实上是无限的,但要让人工智能发挥其巨大的潜力,它须要正确的方法。A.limitless无限制的;B.timeless永久的;C.tireless不觉疲惫的;D.hopeless无望的。由上文的“Thenextgenerationofartificialintelligence(AI)promisestohaveanimpactasbigasthemobilerevolutionortheinternetrevolution.”可知,下一代人工智能(AI)有望产生与移动革命或互联网革命一样大的影响,说明人工智能产生的影响将很巨大,其中蕴含的机会是无限的(暗指很多的机会)。故选A项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们面前的主动机会事实上是无限的,但要让人工智能发挥其巨大的潜力,它须要正确的方法。A.change变更;B.conflict冲突;C.approach方法;D.access通道。由上文的“butforAItomeetitsvastpotential”可知,要发挥人工智能的巨大的潜力,人们须要对人工智能有正确的方法。故选C项。【23题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意:相反,今日,人工智能系统接受他们的“训练”运用特别详细的相关数据集合。A.Forexample例如;B.Incontrast相反;C.Asaresult结果;D.Inaddition此外。由上下文语境可知,上文讲“丰富的人类阅历给人带来的缺点,即人会有偏见”,下文讲“人工智能没有困难的心情/阅历,帮人避开偏见”,上下文是相反的意思,用Incontrast。故选B项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这些数据集可能很大,但本质上比人类的阅历更受限制。A.diverse多种多样的;B.restricted受限制的;C.advanced先进的;D.unreliable不行靠的。由上文“AIsystemstodayreceivetheir“training”usingveryspecificcollectionsofrelevantdata.”可知,如今的人工智能系统通过特别详细的相关数据收集来接受“培训”,说明人工智能在阅历上比人类更受限制。故选B项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:这可能是一个优势,人工智能没有困难的心情来指导人类的决策,所以它可以避开大多数甚至全部这些固有的偏见。A.aspect方面;B.boom旺盛;C.advantage优点、优势;D.downside缺点。由下文的“AIdoesnothavethecomplexemotionsthatguidehumandecisionmaking,soitcould___6___mostifnotalloftheseinherentbiases.”可知,人工智能没有困难的心情/阅历,从而帮人避开偏见,说明人工智能反而是一个优势。故选C项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:这可能是一个优势,人工智能没有困难的心情来指导人类的决策,所以它可以避开大多数甚至全部这些固有的偏见。A.way方式;B.justify证明……正确;C.challenge挑战;D.avoid避开。由上文语境可知,丰富的人类阅历会让人会有偏见,而人工智能在阅历上受限反而是一个优势,可推断出没有困难的心情来指导人类的决策,人工智能能避开很多偏见。故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:基于以往人工智能探讨的成果,我们认为人工智能制造者应当坚持以下原则。A.objectto反对;B.stickto坚持;C.referto涉及;D.taketo喜爱上。由下文语境可知,下文在讲人们制造人工智能是应当要坚持的三条原则。故选B项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:作为一个社会,我们应当利用这一潜力,确保人工智能始终以共同利益为目标。A.potential潜力;B.benefit好处;C.principles原则;D.research探讨。由上文的“butforAItomeetitsvastpotential”可知,我们应当利用这一潜力。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:其次,人工智能的研发应当是开放的、负责任的和社会参加的。A.attached重视;B.engaged从事、参加;C.touched触摸;D.launched发起。由上文文的“Second,AIresearchanddevelopmentshouldbeopen,responsible说明人工智能的研发要全社会共同参加。故选B项。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:随着人工智能的不断发展,新的问题将不断出现,我们须要合作地回答这些问题,包括从工程师、科学家到哲学家和活动家的每个人。A.practically实际地;B.enthusiastically热忱地;C.consciously有意识地;D.cooperatively合作地。由上文的“人工智能的研发要社会参加”,本处的“,includingeveryonefromengineersandscientiststophilosophersandactivists”和下文的“And___15___properlyandcooperatively”可知,人工智能的研发要社会参加,随着新问题的出现,工程师、科学家到哲学家和活动家都要加入进来,合作地回答这些问题。故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:特殊是那些因人工智能而变更行业的企业,将须要成为这场全球对话的一部分。A.change变更;B.depress懊丧;C.relieve缓解;D.enrich丰富。由常识和下文的“asresultofAI”可知,人工智能的出现会变更产业。故选A项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们是否考虑过任何系统可能会产生意外的副作用,我们是否有支配来订正这种状况?A.unintended无意的、意外的;B.reasonable合理的;C.informative供应有用信息的;D.feasible可行的。由上文的“thosewhodesignAIshouldestablishbestpracticestoavoidundesirableoutcomes”可知,设计人工智能的人应当建立最佳实践来避开不想要的结果,说明设计系统时可能会产生意外的副作用。故选A项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:应当有一个检查系统来评估一个人工智能系统是否正在做它所要做的事情。A.release释放;B.infer推断;C.evaluate评估;D.qualify具有资格。由上文的“checksystems”和下文的“whetheranAIsystemisdoingwhatitwasbuilttodo”可知,检查系统的目的是来评估一个人工智能系统是否正在做它所要做的事情。故选C项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:最终,我们对人工智能的幻想是给人们更多关于如何生活的选择。A.likelihood可能性;B.dream幻想;C.challenge挑战;D.enthusiasm热忱。由上文的“Wearebuildingtoolsthathumanscontrol.”和下文的“togivepeoplemorechoicesabouthowtheylivetheirlives”可知,人工智能将给人们更多关于如何生活的选择,这是人们对人工智能的幻想。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:通过适当地合作地应用,人工智能可以帮助解决世界上最困难的问题。A.applied应用;B.created创建;C.demonstrated证明;D.adapted适应。由下文的“AIcouldhelpbringaboutsolutionstotheworld’smostcomplexproblems”可知,只有适当地合作地应用人工智能,人工智能才能帮助解决世界上最困难的问题。故选A项。SectionB(22%每小题2分)Directions:Readthefollowingfourpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,andD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)OneeveninginFebruary2007,astudentnamedPaulaCeelybroughthercartoastoponaremoteroadinWales.Shegotouttoopenametalgatethatblockedherpath.That'swhensheheardthewhistlesoundedbythedriverofatrain.HerRenaultCliowasparkedacrossarailwayline.Secondslater,shewatchedthetraindraghercaralmostakilometredowntherailwaytracks.Ceely'snearmissmalethenewsbecausesheblameditonherGPS.Shehadneverdriventheroutebefore.Itwasdarkandrainingheavily.CeelywasrelyingonherGPS,butitmadenomentionofthecrossing,“Iputmycompletetrustinthedeviceanditledmerightintothepathofaspeedingtrain,"shetoldtheBBC.WhoistoblamehereRickStevenson,whotelisCeely'sstoryinhisbookwhenMachinesFailUs,pointsthefingeratthelimitationsoftechnology.Weputourfaithindigitaldevices,hesays,butourdigitalhelpersaretoooftennotuptothejob.Theyarefilledwithsmallproblems.Andit'snotjustGPSdevices:Stovensontakesusonatourofdigitaldisastersinvolvingeverythingfrommobilephonestowirelesskeyboards.Theproblemwithhisargumentinthebookisthatit'snotclearwhyheonlyfocusesondigitaltechnology,whiletheremaybeanumberofotherpossiblecauses.Amap-makermighthaveleftthecrossingoffapapermap.MaybeweshouldblameCoelyfornotpayingattentionPerhapstherailwayauthoritiesarefaultforpoorsignalingsystem,OrmaybesomeonehasstudiedtherelativedangersandworkedoutthattherereallyissomethingspecificwrongwiththeGPSequipment.ButStevensondoesn'tsay.It'saproblemthatrunsthroughthebook.Inasectiononcars,Stevensongivesanaccountoftheadvancedtechniquesthatcriminalsusetodefeatcomputer-basedlockingsystemsforcars.Heofferstwoindependentsetsoffiguresoncartheft;bothshowasmallriseinsomepartsofthecountry.Hesaysthatonceagainnotallnewlockshaveprovedreliable.Perhaps,butmaybeit'salsodueto,theshortageofpolicemenonthestreets,orchangingsocialcircumstances,orsomecombinationofthesefactors.ThegamebetweenhumansandtheirsmartdevicesisamusingandcomplexItisshapedbyeconomicsandpsychologyandthecultureswelivein.Somewhereinthemixofthoseforcestheremaybeawayforawiseruseoftechnology.Ifthereissuchaway,itshouldinvolvemorethanjustanawarenessoftheshortcomingsofourmachines.Afterall,wehavelivedwiththemforthousandsofyears.Theyhaveprobablybeenfoolingusforjustaslong.36.WhatdidPaulaCaelythinkwasthecauseofheraccident?A.Shewasnotfamiliarwiththeroad. B.Itwasdarkandrainingheavilythen.C.Therailwayworkersfailedtogivethesignal. D.HerGPSdevicedidn'ttellheraboutthecrossing.37.WhichofthefollowingwouldRickStevensonmostprobablyagreewith?A.Moderntechnologyiswhatwecan'tlivewithout.B.Digitaltechnologyoftenfallsshortofourexpectation.C.Digitaldeviceseremorereliablethantheyusedtobe.D.GPSerrorisnottheonlycauseforCeely'saccident:38.Inthewriter'sopinion,Stevenson'sargumentisA.one-sided B.reasonable C.puzzling D.well-based39.Whatistherealconcernofthewriterofthisarticle?A.Themajorcausesoftrafficaccidentsandcarthefts.B.Therelationshipbetweenhumanandtechnology.C.Theshortcomingsofdigitaldevicesweuse.D.Thehumanunawarenessoftechnicalproblems.【答案】36.D37.B38.A39.B【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过一起交通事故,司机没有看到火车路口导致了一起事故,司机却将责任归咎到自己的导航仪没有路口提示上。引发作者对于人与科技的关系上的深思。【36题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段中“Ceely’snearmissmadethenewsbecausesheblameditonherGPSdevice.Shehadneverdriventheroutebefore.Itwasdarkandrainingheavily.CeelywasrelyingonherGPS,butitmadenomentionofthecrossing.(Ceely侥幸脱险成了新闻,因为她把这归咎于她的GPS设备。她以前从未开过这条路。天很黑,雨下得很大。Ceely在依靠她的GPS,但它没有提到这个路口)”可知,ParlaCeely认为事故的缘由是她的GPS设备没有提示她有路口。故选D。【37题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段中“Weputourfaithindigitaldevices,hesays,butourdigitalhelpersaretoooftennotuptothejob.(他说,我们对数字设备充溢信念,但我们的数字助手常常无法胜任工作)”可推知,B选项“数字技术常常达不到我们的期望”是RickStevenson可能认同的观点。故选B。【38题详解】推理推断题。依据第四段“Theproblemwithhisargumentinthebookisthatit’snotclearwhyheonlyfocusesondigitaltechnology,whiletheremaybeanumberofotherpossiblecauses.Amap-makermighthaveleftthecrossingoffapapermap.MaybeweshouldblameCeelyfornotpayingattention.Perhapstherailwayauthoritiesareatfaultforpoorsignallingsystem.OrmaybesomeonehasstudiedtherelativedangersandworkedoutthattherereallyissomethingspecificwrongwiththeGPSdevice.ButStevensondoesn’tsay.(他在书中的论点的问题是,不清晰为什么他只关注数字技术,而其他可能的缘由可能有很多。地图绘制者可能在纸地图上留下了这个记号。或许我们应当指责Ceely没有留意。或许铁路当局应当为信号系统差负全部责任。或者有人探讨了相关的危急,发觉GPS设备的确有一些特殊的问题。但是史蒂文森在书中没有提到这些缘由)”可推知,在作者看来,史蒂文森的论点是片面的。故选A。【39题详解】推理推断题。依据倒数其次段中“Thegamebetweenhumansandtheirsmartdevicesisamusingandcomplex.(人类和智能设备之间的嬉戏既好玩又困难)”可知作者在探讨完Ceely这起事故后,在最终两段将探讨延长到了人与科技的关系上,可推知,这篇文章的作者真正关切的是人与技术的关系。故选B。(B)AMemberofCOMFORTDELGROComfortableairport&citytransfers:MaxiCab(scats6passengers)BookingHotline:+6565428297...orbookattheAirportShuttlecounteratTerminalIorTerminal2MaxiCabServiceRatesTransfertoAirport/otherdestination$35HourlyService(perhour-minimum2hours)$35Applicableadditionalcharges:-Betweenmidnightto6am,anadditional$12pertransferorperhour-Foren-routestoptofinaldestination,anadditional$5perstopapplyotherwise$20-Administrativechangesof10%oftotalfareforallCreditCardpaymentsExclusiveprivatetoursin6-neaterMaxiCabs.4seaterMercedesLimoCabsandnormalcabsFlexiblepickuptimesandlocationsExtensionofadditionalattractionsandrestaurantsuponrequest.Toursstartfromjust$105pervehicleBookingsCall:+6565425831or+6565428297citycab.sg40.IfatouristgoestotheairportinaMaxiCabat5a.m.andpaysbycreditcard,he/shehastopay_____foranhour'sride.A.$7 B.$38.5C.$55 D.S51.741.Ifatouristgroupintendstobookoneofthesuggestedtoursina6-neaterMaxiCabit_______A.hastoregisteratcitycab.sgB.canchoosethetimeandplacetocollectthegroupC.mayapplytotheSingaporeTourismBoardD.mustfirstpayatleast$105asdeposit42.WhichofthefollowingsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Maxicabdrivercanstoponthewayonrequestwithextracharges.B.ThecabbytourcamshowyouaroundSingaporeinthenighttime.C.AMaxiCabtaxitouristguideisn'tallowedtoaddscenicspotsonroute.D.Specially-trainedittaxidriversoperatevarioustoursaroundSingapore.【答案】40.D41.B42.C【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则广告,主要介绍了新加坡COMFORTDELGRO出租车公司的业务。【40题详解】细微环节理解题。由文章前一部分“TransfertoAirport/otherdestination$35”(转乘至机场或其他目的地,35美元。)“Betweenmidnightto6am,anadditional$12pertransferorperhour”(午夜-凌晨6点,每次转乘或每小时额外花费12美元。)及“Administrativechangesof10%oftotalfareforallCreditCardpayments”(信用卡支付应额外支付全额10%的行政费用。)可知,凌晨五点并用信用卡支付的话,每小时应共花费(35+12)*110%=51.7。故选D项。【41题详解】细微环节理解题。由文章最终一部分“Exclusiveprivatetoursin6-neaterMaxiCabs.4seaterMercedesLimoCabsandnormalcabs.Flexiblepickuptimesandlocations”(6-neaterMaxi出租车独家私人旅游。4座梅赛德斯轿车出租车和一般出租车。敏捷的上车时间和地点。)可知,乘坐6-neatermaxi出租车,具有敏捷的上车时间和地点。故选B项。【42题详解】细微环节理解题。由文章最终一部分“Extensionofadditionalattractionsandrestaurantsuponrequest.”(应顾客要求可增加观光地点和用餐地点。)可知,途中是可以增加观光地点的。C项“AMaxiCab出租车导游不允许在路途上增加景点”不符合以上说法。故选C项。(C)WhenLiamMcGeedepartedaspresidentofBankofAmericainAugust,hisexplanationwassurprisinglystraightup.Ratherthancloakinghisexitintheusualvagueexcuse,hecamerightoutandsaidhewasleaving“topursuemygoalofrunningacompany.”Broadcastinghisambitionwas“verymuchmydecision,”McGeesays.Withintwoweeks,hewastalkingforthefirsttimewiththeboardofHartfordFinancialServicesGroup,whichnamedhimCEOandchairmanonSeptember29.McGeesaysleavingwithoutapositionlinedupgavehimtimetoreflectonwhatkindsofcompanyhewantedtorun.Italsosentaclearmessagetotheoutsideworldabouthisaspirations.AndMcGeeisn’talone.InrecentweekstheNo.2executivesatAvonandAmericanExpressquitwiththeexplanationthattheywerelookingforaCEOpost.Asboardsscrutinizesuccessionplansinresponsetoshareholderpressure,executiveswhodon’tgetthenodalsomaywishtomoveon.Aturbulentbusinessenvironmentalsohasseniormanagerscautiousoflettingvaguepronouncementscloudtheirreputations.Asthefirstsignsofrecoverybegintotakehold,deputychiefsmaybemorewillingtomakethejumpwithoutanet.Inthethirdquarter,CEOturnoverwasdown23%fromayearagoasnervousboardsstuckwiththeleaderstheyhad,accordingtoLiberumResearch.Astheeconomypicksup,opportunitieswillaboundforaspiringleaders.Thedecisiontoquitaseniorpositiontolookforabetteroneisunconventional.ForyearsexecutivesandheadhuntershaveadheredtotherulethatthemostattractiveCEOcandidatesaretheoneswhomustbepoached.SaysKornFerry,seniorpartnerDennisCarey:“Ican’tthinkofasinglesearchI’vedonewhereaboardhasnotinstructedmetolookatsittingCEOsfirst.”Thosewhojumpedwithoutajobhaven’talwayslandedintoppositionsquickly.EllenMarramquitaschiefofTropicanawhenthebusinessbecamepartofPepsiCo(PEP)adecadeago,sayingshewantedtobeaCEO.Itwasayearbeforeshebecameheadofatinyinternet-basedcommoditiesexchange.RobertWillemstadleftCitigroupin2005withambitionstobeaCEO.Hefinallytookthatpostatamajorfinancialinstitutionthreeyearslater.Manyrecruiterssaytheolddisgraceisfadingfortopperformers.Thefinancialcrisishasmadeitmoreacceptabletobebetweenjobsortoleaveabadone.“Thetraditionalrulewasit’ssafertostaywhereyouare,butthat’sbeenfundamentallyinverted,”saysoneheadhunter.“Thepeoplewho’vebeenhurttheworstarethosewho’vestayedtoolong.”43.WhenMcGeeannouncedhisdeparture,hismannercanbestbedescribedasbeing_______.A.arrogant. B.frank. C.self-centered. D.impulsive.44.AccordingtoParagraph2,seniorexecutives’quittingmaybeencouragedby_______.A.theirexpectationofbetterfinancialstatus B.theirneedtoreflectontheirprivatelifeC.theirstrainedrelationswiththeboards D.theirpursuitofnewcareergoals45.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat_______.A.topperformersusedtoclingtotheirpostsB.loyaltyoftopperformersisgettingout-datedC.topperformerscaremoreaboutreputationsD.it’ssafertosticktothetraditionalrules46.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.CEOs;WheretoGo? B.CEOs:AlltheWayUp?C.TopManagersJumpwithoutaNet D.TheOnlyWayOutforTopPerformers【答案】43.B44.D45.A46.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在新工作往往还没着落时,企业高管就已经离职的社会现象。【43题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段“WhenLiamMcGeedepartedaspresidentofBankofAmericainAugust,hisexplanationwassurprisinglystraightup.Ratherthancloakinghisexitintheusualvagueexcuses,hecamerightoutandsaidhewasleaving“topursuemygoalofrunningacompany。”可知,LiamMcGee8月份从美国银行总裁的位置上离职时,他的说明出人意料地直截了当。他没有用通常的模糊的借口来掩饰自己的离职,而是直截了当地说,他离开是为了“追求经营一家公司的目标”。由此可推知,LiamMcGee宣布离职时,他的看法可以用坦率来形容。故选B。【44题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段“InrecentweekstheNo.2executivesatAvonandAmericanExpressquitwiththeexplanationthattheywerelookingforaCEOpost.”可知,最近几周,雅芳和美国运通的高管辞职时说明说,他们正在找寻CEO的职位。由此可知,依据其次段,高管的辞职可能是因为他们追求新的职业目标。故选D。【45题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段“Thetraditionalrulewasit’ssafertostaywhereyouare,butthat’sbeenfundamentallyinverted,”可知,传统的规则是待在原地更平安,但这已经从根本上被颠倒了。由此可推知,优秀的员工过去总是坚守岗位。故选A。【46题详解】主旨大意题。阅读文章内容,并结合倒数其次段“Thosewhojumpedwithoutajobhaven’talwayslandedintoppositionsquickly.EllenMarramquitaschiefofTropicanawhent

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