甘肃省兰州市第一中学2024-2025学年高二英语4月月考试题含解析

PAGEPAGE33甘肃省兰州市第一中学2024-2025学年高二英语4月月考试题（含解析）说明：本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。答案写在答题卡上，交卷时只交答题卡。第I卷（选择题）第一部分（共四节，满分80分）第一节语法和词汇学问（共30小题，每小题1分，满分30分）1.Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthemuseum,theconstruction________hadtakenmorethan5years.A.withit B.withwhich C.ofit D.ofwhich【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她带参观者参观了博物馆，其建设工期花了5年多的时间。分析句子可知，这是一个非限制性定语从句，其先行词是museum，在从句中做宾语，且与construction之间是所属关系。故应用ofwhich。结合选项，故选D。【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；其次、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题中先行词为名词museum，再分析先行词museum在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词museum带到从句中可知，只能作宾语，且与construction之间是所属关系。故应用ofwhich。结合选项，故选D。2.Thebox________allthebooksyouneed,________anEnglish-Englishdictionary.A.contains;toinclude B.contains;includingC.includes;contained D.includes;containing【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：这个盒子里有你须要的全部书，包括一本英英词典。contain指全部包括在内，include指部分包括；including在这里作介词用，补充说明前面的主句。分析句意可知，这个盒子里有你须要的全部书，包括一本英英词典。故选B。3.Ricedoesn’tgrowwell________thereisnotenoughwater.A.where B.inwhich C.onwhich D.so【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查状语从句。句意：水不够的地方水稻长得不好。分析句子可知，空后是一个地点状语从句，意为“在那些水不够的地方”；分析句意可知，应用where来引导。结合选项，故选A。4.________isoftenthecasewithchildren,Tomwasbetterbythetimethedoctorarrived.A.It B.That C.What D.As【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：汤姆在医生赶到前已经完全没事了，这种事常常发生在孩子身上。as引导非限制定语从句，先行词是整个句子，as在从句中作主语，意为“正如，像……一样”。故选D。【点睛】as可以引导非限制性定语从句，可以放在句首或句末，意为“正如”，指代主句的内容，在从句中可做主语，宾语和表语。有些固定搭配可记忆，如：asisoftenthecase；asisknowtoall等。5.Greatchanges________inourschoolsince2024.Alotofprogress________.A.havetakentheplace;havebeenmade B.hadtakenplace;havebeenmadeC.weretakenplace;hasmade D.havetakenplace;hasbeenmade【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：自2024年以来，我们学校发生了巨大的改变。已经取得了很多进展。since+一段时间，是现在完成时的标记，因此应用现在完成时；takeplace意为“发生”，无被动语态，且主语是greatchanges，故谓语动词用复数，故用havetakenplace；progress意为“进步，进展”，为不行数名词，故谓语动词应用单数，且progress与make之间是被动关系，故应用hasbeenmade。结合选项，故选D。6.Moreandmorepeoplegojogginginthemorning,_______benefitsforhealtharisefromtheairrichinoxygen.A.which B.that C.whose D.who【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：越来越多的人在早上慢跑，它对健康的好处来自于富含氧气的空气。此处为定语从句修饰先行词jogging，且先行词在从句中做定语，故用关系代词whose。故选C。7.Themothersawherbabyfalltotheground,________broughtherhearttohermouth.A.it B.andthat C.andwhich D.that【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查连词。句意：这个年轻的妈妈看到孩子掉到了地上，把她吓得要命。分析句子可知，逗号前后没有连词，故解除A、D；用and连接两个句子，且在此用that作主语，which表示“哪一个”不合语境。故选B。8.Cancerhasbecomethetopkiller________Ithinkthreatensthehealthofmillionsofpeople.A.that B.ofwhich C.不填 D.BothAandC【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我认为癌症已经成为威逼数百万人健康的头号杀手。分析句子可知，Ithink为插入语，可暂且不管；这是一个定语从句，且先行词是topkiller，从句中缺主语，故可用that或which。结合选项，故选A。9.Isthisschool________wevisited3yearsago?A.that B.where C.which D.theone【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这所学校是我们三年前参观的那所吗？分析句子可知，主句中缺少表语theschool，故应用theone来代指。故选D。10.-AliceandIwillcelebrateourfortiethweddinganniversarynextmonth.-Oh,_______________!A.cheerup B.welldone C.congratulations D.goahead【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——爱丽丝和我下个月要庆祝我们的结婚四十周年纪念日。——噢，恭喜！A.cheerup兴奋起来；B.welldone做得好；C.congratulations恭喜；D.goahead前进。结合上文语境庆祝结婚四十周年是好事，应表达庆贺恭喜。故选C。11.Thesystemhasbeendesignedtogivestudentsquickandeasy__________tothedigitalresourcesofthelibrary.A.approach B.access C.passage D.assistance【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该系统的设计目的是让学生快速、便利地访问图书馆的数字资源。A.approach接近；B.access进入，访问，享用权；C.passage文章；D.assistance救济。结合后文tothedigitalresourcesofthelibrary可知是访问图书馆的数字资源。短语accessto“有权运用，进入”。故选B。12.Thegoodthingaboutchildrenisthatthey_______veryeasilytonewenvironments.A.apply B.adopt C.attach D.adapt【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们的优点是他们很简单适应新环境。A.apply申请；B.adopt实行；C.attach附上；D.adapt适应。依据后文veryeasilytonewenvironments可知是适应（adapt）新环境。故选D。13.Thechurchtowerwhichwillbeopentotouristssoon.Theworkisalmostfinished.A.hasrestored B.hasbeenrestoredC.isrestoring D.isbeingrestored【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：正在修建的教堂很快对游客开放，全部的工作其中就绪。依据willbeopentotouristssoon.Theworkisalmostfinished.可知教堂正在被修建，所以本句为现在进行时的被动语态。故选D项。14.IhaveneverbeentoLondon,butitistheplace________.A.whereIwouldliketovisit B.ImostwanttovisitC.inwhichIwanttovisit D.thatIwanttovisititmost【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我从未去过伦敦，但它是我最想去的地方。分析句子可知，本句是一个定语从句，先行词为theplace，从句visit后缺少宾语，所以place作visit宾语，所以关系代词为which或that，且都可以省略。故选B。15.Therewerelotsofplacesofinterest_______inourcity.A.needsrepairing B.needingrepairedC.neededrepairing D.needingtoberepaired【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们城市里有很多须要修缮的名胜古迹。此处为therebe句型，后面这个空应当是非谓语动词，placesofinterest和need是主动关系，用现在分词作定语；且repair此处表示将来要发生的动作，应用不定式，与places构成被动关系，故用tobedone形式，needtobedone表示“须要被做”。故选D。16.Aftertheearthquake,thefirstthingthelocalgovernmentdidwastoprovide______forthehomelessfamilies.A.furniture B.accommodation C.occupation D.basement【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：地震后，当地政府做的第一件事就是为无家可归的家庭供应住宿。A.furniture家具；B.accommodation住宿；C.occupation职业；D.basement地下室。结合后文forthehomelessfamilies可知是为无家可归的家庭供应住宿。故选B。17.Ifindtheseproblemsareeasy________________.A.tobeworkedout B.toworkthemoutC.toworkout D.tobeworkedthemout【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查主动表达被动。句意：我发觉这些问题很简单解决。“名词（代词）＋beeasy(difficult,fit等形容词)＋不定式”结构中，有时尽管主语是动作的承受者，不定式在意义上是被动，形式上却是主动，句中theseproblems是workout的宾语。故选C。18.Hewenttobed______.Thenextmorninghewokeuponly______himselflyingonthefloor.A.drinking;tofind B.drunk;tofindC.beingdrunk;finding D.todrink;finding【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查形容词和非谓语动词。句意：他喝得醉醺醺地上床睡觉。其次天早上他醒来发觉自己躺在地板上。第一空为形容词drunk做主语补足语；其次空为onlytodosth.表示“不料竟会……”，为不定式做结果状语。故选B。19.Ican’tseemyoldgrandparents_____aloneinthecountry,soIwillhavethem______withmeinthecityatpresent.A.leave;stay B.left;stay C.leaving;tostay D.left;tostay【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词和动词用法。句意：我不能看到我的老祖父母独自留在乡下，所以我现在要让他们和我一起住在城里。第一空为过去分词作宾语补足语修饰grandparents；其次空为havesb.dosth.结构，表示“让某人做某事”，该处have是使役动词。故选B。20.People_______hobbieswhichofferenjoyment,knowledgeandrelaxation.A.bringup B.setup C.takeup D.pickup【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：人们从事业余爱好,因为这些活动供应学问和放松。A.bringup提出，教化；B.setup建立；C.takeup从事；D.pickup捡起。依据后文hobbies可知是指从事的爱好。故选C。21.Mysisterwasagainstmysuggestionwhilemybrotherwas___________it.A.inhonorof B.infavorof C.insearchof D.inmemoryof【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我姐姐反对我的建议，而我哥哥却赞成。A.inhonorof向……致敬；B.infavorof支持，赞成；C.insearchof搜寻；D.inmemoryof纪念。while此处表示前后对比，姐姐反对，哥哥却赞成（infavorof）。故选B。22.WehopetheteammateswillcatchsomefirefromYaoMing,andRocketswillbe_______tosucceedthisyear.A.praised B.asked C.bound D.blamed【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我们希望队友们能从姚明身上感受到一些激情，火箭今年肯定会取得胜利。A.praised赞美；B.asked询问；C.bound注定的；D.blamed责怪。结合后文tosucceedthisyear可知此处考查短语beboundto“必定，肯定要”。故选C。23.Thedefenselawyerwasquestioningtheoldmanwhowasoneofthe_______ofthemurdercommittedlastmonth.A.witnesses B.audiences C.viewers D.observers【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：辩护律师正在询问上个月发生的那起谋杀案的目击者之一的老人。A.witnesses目击者；B.audiences观众；C.viewers观众；D.observers视察者。结合后文ofthemurdercommittedlastmonth.可知是在询问谋杀案的目击者。故选A。24.Heurgedthatshe___________theGreatWallonMonday.A.wouldvisit B.shallvisit C.visit D.visited【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他极力主见她星期一去巡游长城。urge表示“极力主见，剧烈要求”时，后跟从句需用虚拟语气，结构为should+动词原形，其中should可省略。故选C。【点睛】urge的用法归纳和词义辨析urge的用法：urge的用法1：urge的基本意思是“力劝”“敦促”,指外部或内部的影响或压力激励某人达到明确的目的。引申可表示“剧烈要求”等。urge的用法2：urge可以接名词、动名词或that从句作宾语,从句中的谓语动词多用虚拟式。有时也可接由动词不定式充当补足语的复合宾语。urge的用法3：urge还可用作名词,意为“剧烈的愿望”。例如:Hehasanurgetobecomeafilmstar.他特别希望成为电影明星。urge的词汇辨析：induce，persuade，urge，convince，counsel，coax这些动词均有“劝告，劝导，劝诱”之意。induce指用讲道理来使某人做某事。persuade一般用词，指通过劝告、感情沟通等而使对方做劝告者所希望的事。urge语气强，指不断地热忱地规劝诱导。convince指凭行动、事实或言语使他人从思想感情上信服。counsel较正式用词，指对一些较重大事情所提出的劝告。有时也用于非正式场合，但仍强调肃穆的一面。coax指用好话善意或耐性劝诱、哄骗某人做某事。25.Hetoldmethenewsthismorning______hisfatherhadcomeback.A.which B.that C.BothAandB D.when【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查连接词。句意：他今日早上告知我他父亲回来的消息。此处为同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故用that引导。故选B。【点睛】名词性从句关键在于三点：一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句；二、连接词从句中充当的成分（主、宾、定或状语或不做任何成分）；三、弄清晰每个连接词的意义。此外还要留意，近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区分上考查。26.______alongthequietroadatfortymilesanhour,andthenanoldmansuddenlystartedtocrosstheroadinfrontofme.A.Driving B.HavingdrivenC.Iwasdriving D.WhenIwasdriving【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：当我正在宁静的街道上以每小时40公里的时速行驶时，一位老人突然在我面前闯过公路。这是一个and引导的主从复合句。前面的部分是一个完整的句子，所以要有主语和谓语。并且不须要连词再来连接。且由thenanoldmansuddenlystartedtocrosstheroadinfrontofme推断可知，前面的主句是一个过去进行时态。故选C。27.Iwas_______withmysonabouthiscarelessness,which_______themaincauseofhisfailureinmath.A.annoyed;were B.amazed;was C.amazing;were D.annoyed;was【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析和主谓一样。句意：我很生我儿子的气，他的马虎大意是他数学不及格的主要缘由。第一空依据后文hisfailureinmath可知应是对考试不及格感到生气愤怒，且修饰人应用-ed结尾形容词，故用annoyed，amazing“令人惊异的”；amazed“惊讶的”；其次空为非限定性定语从句修饰先行词carelessness，先行词在从句中做主语，时态为一般过去时，故谓语动词应用单数形式was。故选D。【点睛】定语从句中的主谓一样在定语从句时，关系代词that,who,which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一样。如：Heisoneofmyfriendswhoareworkinghard.他是我的一个努力工作的挚友。Heistheonlyoneofmyfriendswhoisworkinghard.他是我唯一一个努力工作的挚友。（先行词前有only修饰，定语从句中的谓语动词用单数）28.Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfeiend,weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelakeA.which B.where C.who D.that【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句的关系副词。句意：我和我的挚友一起走到山顶，在那里我们观赏了漂亮的湖景。分析句子可知，thetopofthehill为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语。故选B。29.By16:30,______wasalmostclosingtime,nearlyallthepaintingshadbeensold.A.which B.when C.what D.that【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：到16:30，也就是快关门的时候，几乎全部的画都卖完了。此处为非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，故用which引导。when为关系副词；what不能引导定语从句；that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故选A。【点睛】定语从句中的关系词选择，可考虑以下几点：1、看清晰先行词的意义，就是理清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点、缘由。指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等等。2、看清晰关系词的句法功能，就是理清关系词是担当什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等等。作定语通常用whose，有时也用which。作状语要用when,where,why。3、看清晰定语从句的种类，就是理清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。that、why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。4、看清晰文体，就是理清是正式文体，还是非正式文体。是书面语体还是口语体。30.Thefactthatsheneverapologized____alotaboutwhatkindofpersonsheis.A.says B.talks C.appears D.declares【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她恒久不会致歉很大程度上说明白她是一个什么样的人”。A.say说明，表达，显示;B.talks谈论;C.appear出现，显得;D.declare宣布，声明。依据“sheneverapologized”可知，她恒久不会致歉很大程度上说明白她是一个什么样的人。故选A项。其次节阅读理解（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分）AGiveyourselfatest.Whichwayisthewindblowing?Howmanykindsofwildflowerscanbeseenfromyourfrontdoor?Ifyourawarenessisassharpasitcouldbe,you’llhavenotroubleansweringthesequestions.Mostofusobservedmuchmoreaschildrenthanwedoasadults.Achild’sdayisfilledwithfascination,newnessandwonder.Curiositygaveusallanaturalawareness.Butdistinctionsthatweresharptousaschildrenbecomeunclear;wearenumb(麻木的）tonewstimulation(刺激),newideas.Relearningtheartofseeingtheworldaroundusisquitesimple,althoughittakespracticeandrequiresbreakingsomebadhabits.Thefirststepinawakeningsensesistostoppredictingwhatwearegoingtoseeandfeelbeforeitoccurs.Thisblocksawareness.OnechillynightwhenIwashikingintheRockyMountainswithsomestudents,Imentionedthatweweregoingtocrossamountainstream.Thestudentsbegancomplainingabouthowcolditwouldbe.Wereachedthestream,andtheyunwillinglywalkedahead.Theywerealmostknee-deepwhentheyrealizeditwasahotspring.Latertheyalladmittedthey’dfeltcoldwateratfirst.Anotherblocktoawarenessistheobsession(痴迷)manyofushavewithnamingthings.Isawbirdwatcherswhospottedabird,immediatelylookeditupinfieldguides,andsaid,a"ruby-crownedkinglet"andcheckeditoff.Theynolongerpaidattentiontothebirdandneverlearnedwhatitwasdoing.Thepressuresof"time"and"destination"arefurtherblockstoawareness.Iencounteredmanyhikerswhowereheadedtoadistantcamp-groundwithjustenoughtimetogettherebeforedark.Itseldomoccurredtothemtowanderabit,totakeamomenttoseewhat’saroundthem.Iaskedthemwhatthey’dseen."Oh,afewbirds,"theysaid.Theyseemedbentontheirdestinations.Natureseemstounfoldtopeoplewhowatchandwait.Nexttimeyoutakeawalk,nomatterwhereitis,takeinallthesights,soundsandsensations.Wanderinthisframeofmindandyouwillopenanewdimensiontoyourlife.z.xxk31.AccordingtoParagraph2,comparedwithadults,childrenaremore____________.A.anxioustodowondersB.sensitivetoothers’feelingsC.likelytodevelopunpleasanthabitsD.eagertoexploretheworldaroundthem32.WhatideadoestheauthorconveyinParagraph3?A.Toavoidjumpingtoconclusions.B.Tostopcomplainingallthetime.C.Tofollowtheteacher’sadvice.D.Toadmitmistakeshonestly.33.Thebirdwatchers’behaviorshowsthatthey__________.A.areverypatientintheirobservationB.arereallyfascinatedbynatureC.careonlyaboutthenamesofbirdsD.questiontheaccuracyofthefieldguides34.Whydothehikerstakenonoticeofthesurroundingsduringthejourney?A.Thenaturalbeautyisn’tattractivetothem.B.Theyfocusonarrivingatthecampintime.C.Theforestinthedarkisdangerousforthem.D.Theyarekeentoseerarebirdsatthedestination.35.Inthepassage,theauthorintendstotellusweshould__________.A.filloursensestofeelthewondersoftheworldB.getridofsomebadhabitsinourdailylifeC.openourmindtonewthingsandideasD.tryourbesttoprotectnature【答案】31.D32.A33.C34.B35.A【解析】本文是一篇散文。我们有多久没有细致视察我们四周的世界了。作者通过此文要告知我们：放慢脚步，带着我们全部的感官来感受四周世界的奇异。【31题详解】推理推断题。依据文章其次段Mostofusobservedmuchmoreaschildrenthanwedoasadults.Achild’sdayisfilledwithfascination,newnessandwonder.可知，与成人相比较，孩子视察得更多，孩子的一天充溢了魔力、新颖 和惊异。从而可以推断出孩子更急于探究他们四周的世界。故选D。【32题详解】推理推断题。依据文章第三段作者叙述在一个寒冷的夜晚，作者和学生徒步旅行穿过一条小溪的时候，学生们埋怨水太冷而不愿往前走，结果事实上那是一个温泉。作者举这样一个事例是为了向读者传递这样的观念：避开过早下结论。故选A。【33题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章第四段全段及首句Anotherblocktoawarenessistheobsession(痴迷)manyofushavewithnamingthings.可知，鸟视察者发觉鸟后只关切鸟的名字，并不关切它在做什么。故选C。【34题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章第五段Iencounteredmanyhikerswhowereheadedtoadistantcamp-groundwithjustenoughtimetogettherebeforedark.Itseldomoccurredtothemtowanderabit,totakeamomenttoseewhat’saroundthem.可知，徒步旅行者只关切能够刚好到达目的地，而很少关切四周的事物。故选B。【35题详解】推理推断题。文章作者想要通过此文要告知我们：大自然只呈现给那些擅长视察和等待的人，带着我们全部的感官来感受四周世界的奇异吧。故选A。点睛：本文是一篇散文阅读。整个文章行文自由，不拘一格，对考生来说阅读有肯定的难度，但我们只须要抓住贯穿全文的主线：大自然只呈现给那些擅长视察和等待的人，就不难理解全文大意了。文章多考查细微环节理解题和推理推断题，考生须要依据文中事实和线索作出推断和推理。BIt’sbeenalong,wetwinter.Asthousandsofpeoplediedfromcoronavirusdisease,improvingourimmunesystemhasrarelyfeltmoreurgent.“Whenyoucomeintocontactwithavirusyou’venevermetbefore,”saysSheenaCruickshank,aprofessorofimmunologyattheUniversityofManchester,“you’vegotvariousbarrierssuchasskin,microbiomeandsoontotrytostopitgettingintoyourbody.”Ifavirusbreaksthesedefenses,ithastodealwithourwhitebloodcells,orimmunecells.“However,ourimmunesystemsmayhaveblindspots,whereourimmuneresponsemightwon’trecognizecertainbugs,”saysCruickshank,“Personally,myimmunesystemisnotnecessarilyverygoodatseeingcolds.”Butahealthylifestylewillsecuresoliddefenses.Cruickshankrecommends“eatingamorevarieddietwithlotsofhigh-fiberfoods”.Beingvegetarianisn’tanecessityformicrobiomehealth,butthemoreplantfoodsyouconsume,thebetter.Tobeimmunologicallyfit,youneedtobephysicallyfit.“Whitebloodcellscanbequiteinactive,”SaysProfArneAkbar,thepresidentoftheBritishSocietyforImmunology,“Exercisemobilizesthembyincreasingyourbloodflow,sotheycandotheirsecurityjobs.”Apartfromthis,exercisecanreducestress,whichisnextonourlistofimmune-improvingpriorities.Stresshormones(激素)canweakenimmunefunction.Ifyouhavehadit,thevirusnevercompletelygoesaway.“Duringperiodsofstress,”saysAkbar,“itcanreactivateandthenwegetsick.”Exercisingandeatingwellwillhavethelikelyknock-oneffectofhelpingyousleepbetter,whichisabonusbecauseatiredbodyismoresensitivetobugs.“Ifyou’vegotaregularsleeppattern,youhavenaturalbodyrhythmsandeverything’sfine.Iftheygooutoforder,thenyou’vegotproblems.”saysAkbar.36.Accordingtoparagraph2,whenthebarriersfailinpreventingavirusenteringyourbody,_________willcomeupnext.A.skin B.bloodC.microbiomes D.immunecells37.Whydoestheauthormentionby“myimmunesystemisnotnecessarilyverygoodatseeingcolds”?A.Toemphasizethatourimmunesystemisnotalwaysreliable.B.TotellusthatCruickshankdoesn’tleadahealthylife.C.Tostressthatahealthylifestylehelpsimprovingimmunesystem.D.Toindicatethatcatchingacoldisnotaterriblething.38.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inparagraph5referto?A.Microbiomes B.WhitebloodcellsC.Peopledoingexercise D.Stresshormones39.Thistextmainlyintroduces_________waysofimprovingourimmunesystem.A.2 B.3C.4 D.540.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Howtoboostyourimmunesystemtoavoidcoronavirus?B.Whydoescoronavirushaveabadeffectonourhealth?C.Coronavirus:ImprovingourimmunesystemD.Immunesystem:thebestwaytodealwithcoronavirus【答案】36.D37.C38.B39.B40.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍当病毒侵入人体时免疫系统的机能反应，以及三种改善免疫系统的方法，保持健康的生活方式、健康的身体和运动。【36题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段中Ifavirusbreaksthesedefenses,ithastodealwithourwhitebloodcells,orimmunecells.可知假如病毒破坏了这些防卫，它必需应付我们的白细胞，或免疫细胞。由此可知，当这些屏障不能阻挡病毒进入你的身体时，接下来就会出现免疫细胞。故选D。【37题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段Butahealthylifestylewillsecuresoliddefenses.可知但健康的生活方式会让你有坚实的防卫。由此可推知，作者提到“就我个人而言，我的免疫系统对感冒不是很敏感”是为了强调健康的生活方式有助于提高免疫系统。故选C。【38题详解】词义揣测题。依据上文“Whitebloodcellscanbequiteinactive,”SaysProfArneAkbar,thepresidentoftheBritishSocietyforImmunology,“Exercisemobilizes可知英国免疫学会主席ArneAkbar教授说：“白细胞可能相当不活跃，运动可以通过增加血液流量来动员白细胞，这样他们就可以做好平安工作。”由此可知，them指的是Whitebloodcells白细胞。故选B。【39题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段中Butahealthylifestylewillsecuresoliddefenses.可知但健康的生活方式会让你有坚实的防卫。以及第五段中Tobeimmunologicallyfit,youneedtobephysicallyfit.可知要想免疫健康，你须要身体健康。以及倒数其次段中Apartfromthis,exercisecanreducestress,whichisnextonourlistofimmune-improvingpriorities.可知除此之外，运动还可以减轻压力，这是我们的免疫改善优先事项列表中的下一个。由此可知，文章共介绍三种改善免疫的方法，故选B。【40题详解】主旨大意题。依据第一段It’sbeenalong,wetwinter.Asthousandsofpeoplediedfromcoronavirusdisease,improvingourimmunesystemhasrarelyfeltmoreurgent.可知这是一个漫长而潮湿的冬天。随着成千上万的人死于冠状病毒疾病，我们的免疫系统得到了前所未有的改善。结合文章介绍当病毒侵入人体时免疫系统的机能反应，以及三种改善免疫系统的方法，保持健康的生活方式、健康的身体和运动。故A选项“如何增加你的免疫系统来避开冠状病毒？”符合文章标题，故选A。【点睛】代词指代题要求同学们依据语境的逻辑关系、推断画线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代的对象，包括考查it（指动物，无生命的事物、特定的事务或人），they/them(指代人、物、事务的复数名词)，he/she等人称代词的指代意义，以及指示代词this，that，these，those等在文章中的指代意义，考查同学们对文章中叙述特定的人，物，事务的认知实力。解答这类题时，同学们要细致阅读画线词所在句和前后接近句的内容，分析人称转换和动作变换的具体过程，理清来龙去脉和前后的因果关系，从而精确推断其指代的对象。如第三小题，依据上文“Whitebloodcellscanbequiteinactive,”SaysProfArneAkbar,thepresidentoftheBritishSocietyforImmunology,“Exercisemobilizes可知英国免疫学会主席ArneAkbar教授说：“白细胞可能相当不活跃，运动可以通过增加血液流量来动员白细胞，这样他们就可以做好平安工作。”由此可知，them指的是Whitebloodcells白细胞。故选B。第三节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中两项为多余选项。TheFourPeopleYouDon’tWanttoSitNexttoonaPlaneLetmebeginbypromisingyouthatIamnotanangryperson.IwouldactuallyvowthatIaminherentlyhappyandall-aroundquitefriendlyandnice.Butonethingthatreallygrindsmygears,isbeingseatednexttoanightmareneighboronanairplane.____41____Perhapsyounormallylikethem,butwhenyouaresittingnexttothemonaplaneit’sadifferentthing.Theyusuallyspendalltheflightmovingaroundanddroppingtheirtoysonthefloor,andwhenthey’redrinkingtheirorangejuiceitendsuponyourtrousers.____42____.Soyoucan’thavethelittlesleepthatyouwereplanning.ConversationmakersYourecognizethistypeassoonasyousitdown.Theyimmediatelystarttalkingabouttheplane,ortheweather,ortheyaskyouapersonalquestion.It’sverydifficultnottotalktothesepeople.____43____.NervousfliersThesearethepeoplewithwhitefaceswhositdownandimmediatelyaskforsomethingtodrink.Everyfiveminutestheycallaflightattendanttoaskifthereareanyproblemswiththeplane.____44____.Thebestthingtodoistopretendtosleep.Spaceinvaders____45____.Buttheyhaveaterriblehabitoftakingupalltheirroom,andsomeofyourroomtoo.Theyusuallysitsothatyoucan’tmove,withtheirarmsandlegsinyourspace.ANaughtykidsB.Well-behavedparentsC.TheyalsotellyouaboutaircrashD.SomepeoplewanttotalkallthetimeEThepeoplearenotnecessarilyverylargeF.ThentheydecidetheywanttohavefunwithyouG.You’llprobablyhavetokeeptalkinguntiltheplanelands【答案】41.A42.F43.G44.C45.E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了你在飞机上可能会遇到你不想挨着的四类“怪咖”邻座。【41题详解】依据下文“Perhapsyounormallylikethem,butwhenyouaresittingnexttothemonaplaneit’sadifferentthing.Theyusuallyspendalltheflightmovingaroundanddroppingtheirtoysonthefloor,andwhenthey’redrinkingtheirorangejuiceitendsuponyourtrousers”可知，应是顽皮的孩子在飞机上所做的事，包括整个飞行过程中到处走动，把玩具扔在地板上，当他们喝橙汁的时候，最终会落到你的裤子上。故A项：Naughtykids(调皮孩子)作为主旨句，故选A。【42题详解】依据下文“Soyoucan’thavethelittlesleepthatyouwereplanning.”可知，他们想跟你一起玩，故你不能像你安排的那样睡个好觉。F项：Thentheydecidetheywanttohavefunwithyou(然后他们确定和你一起玩)是上文的接下来的动作。故选F。【43题详解】依据上文“Yourecognizethistypeassoonasyousitdown.Theyimmediatelystarttalkingabouttheplane,ortheweather,ortheyaskyouapersonalquestion.It’sverydifficultnottotalktothesepeople.”可知，你一坐下就认出了这种类型。他们立即起先谈论飞机，天气，或者问你一个私人问题。很难不跟这些人说话。故G项：You’llprobablyhavetokeeptalkinguntiltheplanelands(你可能得始终说直到飞机着陆)是上文的一种结果，符合文意。故选G。【44题详解】依据上文“Thesearethepeoplewithwhitefaceswhositdownandimmediatelyaskforsomethingtodrink.Everyfiveminutestheycallaflightattendanttoaskifthereareanyproblemswiththeplane.”可知，讲的是一些惊慌的乘客的事情，C项：Theyalsotellyouaboutaircrash(他们还告知你空难的事)也是惊慌的乘客会做的事情。故选C。【45题详解】依据下文的“Buttheyhaveaterriblehabitoftakingupalltheirroom,andsomeofyourroomtoo.Theyusuallysitsothatyoucan’tmove,withtheirarmsandlegsinyourspace.”可知，还有一类人，他们有一个可怕的习惯，占了他们全部的房间，还有你的一些房间。他们通常坐在你不能动的地方，胳膊和腿放在你的空间里。故E项：Thepeoplearenotnecessarilyverylarge（这些人不必定很大）与下文形成转折，符合文意。故选E。【点睛】七选五题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一样性等语段特征有较强的意识和娴熟的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有用。以本题第1小题为例，依据下文“Perhapsyounormallylikethem,butwhenyouaresittingnexttothemonaplaneit’sadifferentthing.Theyusuallyspendalltheflightmovingaroundanddroppingtheirtoysonthefloor,andwhenthey’redrinkingtheirorangejuiceitendsuponyourtrousers”可知，应是顽皮的孩子在飞机上所做的是，故A项作为主旨句，切题。故选A。第四节完形填空（共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分）阅读下面短文，驾驭其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Itisatouchingstorywhichwon’tbeforgotten.Anoldgentlemanreachedthehospitalat9:00am.Iheardhimsayingtothenursethathewasinahurryforanappointmentat10：00.Thenursehadhimtakea___46___inthewaitingarea，___47___himitwouldbeatleast35minutes___48___someonewouldbeabletoseehim.Isawhim___49___hiswatchanddecided，sinceIwas___50___busy—mypatientdidn't___51___attheappointedhour，Iwouldexaminehiswound.Whiletakingcareofhiswound，Iaskedhimifhehadanotherdoctor'sappointment.Thegentlemansaidnoandtoldmethathe___52___togotothenursinghometoeatbreakfastwithhis___53___.Hetoldmethatshehadbeen___54___forawhileandthatshehadaspecialdisease.Iaskedifshewouldbe___55___ifhewasabitlate.Herepliedthatshe___56___knewwhohewas，thatshehadnotbeenableto___57___himforfiveyearsnow.Iwas___58___，andaskedhim，"Andyou___59___goeverymorning，eventhoughshedoesn'tknowwhoyouare?"Hesmiledandsaid，"Shedoesn'tknowme，butIknowwhosheis."Ihadtoholdback___60___asheleft.NowI___61___thatinmarriages，trueloveis___62___ofallthatis.Thehappiestpeopledon't___63___havethebestofeverything；theyjust____64____thebestofeverythingtheyhave.___65___isn'tabouthowtolivethroughthestorm，buthowtodanceintherain.Ilovethestoryandrecommendittoyou.Thankyouforyourtime.Pleasespreadthestorytopeoplearoundyouifyouarefondofit.46.A.seat B.test C.breath D.break47.A.persuading B.telling C.declaring D.promising48.A.if B.before C.since D.after49.A.takingoff B.fixing C.winding D.lookingat50.A.not B.also C.seldom D.very51.A.showoff B.turnup C.comeon D.goaway52.A.forgot B.needed C.agreed D.happened53.A.daughter B.wife C.mother D.sister54.A.late B.well C.there D.around55.A.lonely B.worried C.scared D.hungry56.A.sofar B.neither C.already D.nolonger57.A.answer B.recognize C.believe D.envy58.A.moved B.disappointed C.surprised D.satisfied59.A.only B.then C.thus D.still60.A.tears B.curiosity C.encouragement D.judgment61.A.realize B.suggest C.hope D.prove62.A.agreement B.expression C.acceptance D.exhibition63.A.necessarily B.completely C.naturally D.frequently64.A.learn B.try C.favor D.make65.A.Disease B.Life C.Trust D.Dignity【答案】46.A47.B48.B49.D50.A51.B52.B53.B54.C55.B56.D57.B58.C59.D60.A61.A62.C63.A64.D65.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者在医院给一位老人检查，得知老人每天都去养老院探望生病的妻子，尽管妻子已经有五年认不出老人了，老人仍旧坚持每天都去。这让作者感动，并意识到真正的爱是接受一切，生活不是如何度过暴风雨，而是如何在雨中起舞。【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：护士让他在等候区坐下，告知他至少要35分钟才能有人来给他看病。A.seat座位；B.test测试；C.breath呼吸；D.break休息。结合后文护士告知老人要等35分钟可知，护士给老人在等候区找了个位置坐下。短语takeaseat“坐下”。故选A。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：护士让他在等候区坐下，告知他至少要35分钟才能有人来给他看病。A.persuading劝服；B.telling告知；C.declaring说明；D.promising承诺。依据后文himitwouldbeatleast35minutes可知护士告知老人要等35分钟。故选B。【48题详解】考查连词辨析。句意：护士让他在等候区坐下，告知他至少要35分钟才能有人来给他看病。A.if假如；B.before在……之前；C.since既然；D.after在……之后。此处为“itwouldbe+段时间+before”，表示““在„„之后„„才，引导时间状语从句。故选B。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我望见他在看表，就确定，既然我不忙——我的病人在指定的时间没有出现——我就检查他的伤口。A.takingoff起飞；B.fixing修理；C.winding缠绕；D.lookingat看着。依据后文hiswatch可知老人在看表。故选D。【50题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我望见他在看表，就确定，既然我不忙——我的病人在指定的时间没有出现——我就检查他的伤口。A.not不；B.also而且；C.seldom很少；D.very特别。结合后文Iwouldexaminehiswound可知作者当时并不忙，于是给老人检查伤口。故选A。【51题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我望见他在看表，就确定，既然我不忙——我的病人在指定的时间没有出现——我就检查他的伤口。A.showoff炫耀；B.turnup出现；C.comeon快点；D.goaway走开。结合后文作者给老人检查伤口，可推知是因为作者的病人在指定的时间没有出现。故选B。【52题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那位先生说没有，并告知我他须要去养老院和他的妻子吃早餐。A.forgot遗忘；B.needed须要；C.agreed同意；D.happened发生。依据后文togotothenursinghometoeatbreakfastwith可知老人须要去养老院。故选B。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那位先生说没有，并告知我他须要去养老院和他的妻子吃早餐。A.daughter女儿；B.wife妻子；C.mother母亲；D.sister姐妹。依据后文inmarriages可知此处指的是老人的妻子。故选B。【54题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他告知我，她在那里已经有一段时间了，她有一种特殊的疾病。A.late迟；B.well很好地；C.there在那里；D.around在四周。此处指在养老院应用there。故选C。【55题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我问她是否担忧他会迟到一会儿。A.lonely孤独的；B.worried担忧的