北京市平谷区2025届高三英语一模试题含解析

PAGE24-北京市平谷区2025届高三英语一模试题（含解析）第一部分学问运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)A阅读下列短文,依据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ThisyeartheWorldCuphasbeenplayedacrossdifferent___1___(city),andTeamChinahadtrainingsessionsevenontravelingdayswhensomeparticipatingteamschosetorestupafteratiringflight.Whentheteamstruggled,CaptainZhuTingwasalwaysthere,doingwhateverwasneeded___2___(carry)theteamforward.That’swhyshehasbecomeanationalvolleyballicon(偶像),justlike“IronHammer”Lang.Nevergivingup,especiallyinadifficultsituation,that’s___3___thespiritofChinesewomen’svolleyballmeans.【答案】1.cities2.tocarry3.what【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道，中国女子排球队在旅游日还在训练，在球队拼搏时，队长朱婷总是和队员们在一起，永不放弃是中国女排精神所在。【1题详解】考查名词。句意：今年，世界杯在不同城市实行竞赛。依据theWorldCuphasbeenplayedacrossdifferent得知世界杯在不同城市实行竞赛。形容词different修饰名词复数。故填cities。【2题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：队长朱婷做她能做的为了带球队前进，表示目的用动词不定式。故填tocarry。【3题详解】考查表语从句。句意：永不放弃，尤其是在逆境中。这是中国女排精神的含义。be动词后是表语从句，从句动词means缺少宾语，且指物。故填what。B阅读下列短文,依据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Therailwayline___4___(connect)BeijingandZhangjiakou,theco-hostcityoftheBeijing2024WinterOlympics,istheworld'sfirstintelligent,high-speedrailway.It___5___(go)intooperationonDec30,2024.Therailwayis174kmlong,withamaximumdesignspeedof350kph.ItreducesthetraveltimebetweenBeijingandZhangjiakoufromoverthreehoursto47minutes.Thetrainisdesignedwithanareatostoresnowboards,adevicetosecurewheelchairsandamobilenewscenter___6___passengerscanwatchliveOlympicbroadcasts.【答案】4.connecting5.went6.where【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了连接北京与2024年冬奥会合办城市张家口的高速铁路。【4题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：连接北京和张家口的铁路途是世界上第一个智能高铁。谓语动词是is，连接和谓语动词之间没有连词，要用非谓语动词，主语是铁路途和连接是主动关系，用现在分词。故填connecting。【5题详解】考查动词时态。句意：2019年12月30日【6题详解】考查定语从句。句意：火车上设计有存放滑雪板的区域，一个确保轮椅安置和移动新闻中心，在那里乘客可以看奥林匹克直播，先行词是amobilenewscenter，在定语从句中做地点状语。故填where。C阅读下列短文,依据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。The“Twenty-fourSolarterms”istheChinese___7___(tradition)wayofdividingandmarkingtime.Itshowstherelationshipbetweentheuniverse,seasons,climateandagriculture,whichisuniquelycreated___8___Chineseancestors.TheTwenty-fourSolarTermsareimportantinstructionsfortheagriculturalproductionaswellaspeople'sdailylives.Attheinitialstageofagriculturaldevelopment,peoplebegantoexplorerulesofnatureandused___9___(they)toguidesowing,harvestingandotheragriculturalactivities.Untilnow,it___10___(become)anessentialtooltoguidetheagriculturalproductioninChina.Anditscharmandvaluehavebeenincreasinglyrecognizedbythepublic.【答案】7.traditional8.by9.them10.hasbecome/becomes【解析】本文是说明文。介绍了中国划分时间传统方式“二十四节气”.【7题详解】考查形容词。句意：二十四节气是中国传统的划分时间的方法。形容词修饰名词，方法是名词，故填traditional。【8题详解】考查介词。句意：它表示宇宙、季节、气候和农业的关系，它被中国祖先创建。表示被动用be动词加过去分词+by，故填by。【9题详解】考查代词。句意：人们起先探究自然的规律并运用它们来引导播种、收获或其他农业活动。动词后用宾格代词。故填them。【10题详解】考查时态。句意：直到现在，它已经成为了引导中国农业生产重要的工具。untilnow可以理解为现在之前用现在完成时或当前的状态用一般现在时。故填hasbecome/becomes。其次节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，驾驭其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。NeverSayQuitInmytwenty-fiveyearsofcoaching,Iencounteredmanyextraordinaryathletes.Yettheathletewhomadethegreatestimpressiononmewasn'toneofthosepromisingyoungmen,butBobbyColson.Earlyintheseason,Bobby,wholookedheavybutstrong,___11___meintheschoolhallway.Hetoldmehewaseagertojoininourtrackteamandbelievedhecouldmakeanimportant___12___.Iwasdeeply___13___byhispresentationandself-confidence.Givenhisphysique,thelogicalroleforBobbywasthatofa"weightman”.Sohedidhisbestintryingdiscus(铁饼),shotpot…,onlytofindouttheseeventswerenot___14___forhimatall.SoBobbyintendedtotryanothermoredifficultevent:two-milerace.IadmiredBobby's___15___,buttomyself,Iquestionedwhetherthetwo-mileracewasagoodchoice.YetBobbywas___16___andforthefollowingweeks,hepainfullybut___17___struggledthroughhisworkouts.Threemonthslater,thetwo-mileracewaswellunderway.Whilealltheotherrunnershadalreadyfinished,Bobby___18___hadthreelapstogo.AsBobbycompletedhislasttwoofhis___19___laps,severalboysfromtheotherteamsstartedmakingfunofhimand___20___athimtogetoffthetrack.Bobbywascryingnoticeablybutkeptgoing.Atthismoment,ourteammembersnoticedandwentto___21___Bobbyon.Onthelastlap,allourathletesstooduptocheerBobbyon.Imagineamovingsight:Ourwholeteamlinedup___22___thetrack,clappingandcheeringforBobbyastears___23___downhisface.Afterthat,Bobbyputinefforttosupporthisteammates.Hewentfromeventtoevent___24___histeammates.Whenoneofourathletestookafirstplace,Bobbywasevenmoreexcitedthanthewinner.Everyteammate___25___himverymuchandfeltluckytohavehimintheteam.Bobbyhadbeenrightwhenhetoldmehefelthecouldmakeasignificantcontribution.Hehadjoinedagoodteamandmadeitintoagreat___26___.Sincethen,I'veseenmanytopathletes___27___thetrackwhentheyknewtheyweren'tgoingtowinarace.Bobby,onthecontrary,neveronce___28___leavingthattwo-milerace.Oncehe___29___,quittingwasnotanoption.HisexamplehelpedusalltounderstandthattalentisGodgiven,andthosewhohaveitshouldbethankful,butthespiritof___30___isself-given,andweshouldvalueit.11.A.waved B.informed C.limited D.stopped12.A.appearance B.promise C.contribution D.influence13.A.impressed B.frightened C.puzzled D.embarrassed14.A.satisfactory B.challenging C.suitable D.attractive15.A.enthusiasm B.generosity C.achievement D.cooperation16.A.worried B.confused C.determined D.hesitated17.A.cautiously B.proudly C.secretly D.diligently18.A.still B.already C.ever D.rather19.A.spare B.remaining C.extra D.additional20.A.crying B.throwing C.shouting D.criticizing21.A.pull B.assist C.drive D.urge22.A.over B.around C.with D.beyond23.A.rolled B.paved C.covered D.measured24.A.convincing B.appreciating C.competing D.encouraging25A.envied B.loved C.respected D.believed26.A.family B.organization C.institution D.system27.A.checkout B.giveoff C.walkoff D.carryout28.A.supposed B.considered C.imagined D.concerned29.A.proved B.realized C.discovered D.started30.A.bravery B.unity C.perseverance D.devotion【答案】11.D12.C13.A14.B15.A16.C17.D18.A19.B20.C21.D22.B23.A24.D25.B26.A27.C28.B29.D30.C【解析】本文是记叙文。文中笨重强壮的鲍比通过自己的毅力和对队员的关爱告知我们：毅力的精神是自发的，我们应当珍惜它。【11题详解】考查动词。句意：在赛季初，看起来笨重但是很强壮的鲍比在学校走廊挡住我。A.waved挥手；B.informed通知；C.limited有限；D.stopped停止。依据Hetoldmehewaseagertojoininourtrackteam得知鲍比挡住作者说了一些话。故选D。【12题详解】考查名词。句意：他说他信任他会做出重要贡献。A.appearance外表；B.promise答应；C.contribution贡献；D.influence影响。依据下文Bobbyhadbeenrightwhenhetoldmehefelthecouldmakeasignificantcontribution.鲍比当时很自信，他说会做出重要贡献。故选C。【13题详解】考查形容词。句意：鲍比的自我介绍和自信，给我留下印象深刻。A.impressed有印象的；B.frightened胆怯 ；C.puzzled困惑的；D.embarrassed尴尬的。依据Iwasdeeply3byhispresentationandself-confidence.鲍比很自信，这让我印象深刻。故选A。【14题详解】考查形容词。句意：鲍比尽最大努力练习投铁饼，结果发觉这些事情没有挑战性。A.satisfactory满足的；B.challenging挑战的；C.suitable合适的；D.attractive吸引人的。依据SoBobbyintendedtotryanothermoredifficultevent:two-milerace.鲍比选了更难的赛事，说明他觉得上面的练习没有挑战性。故选B。【15题详解】考查名词。句意：我敬佩鲍比答题技巧激情。A.enthusiasm热忱；B.generosity大方；C.achievement成就；D.cooperation合作。依据Iquestionedwhetherthetwo-mileracewasagoodchoice.鲍比选了更难的赛事，我敬佩他的热忱，但不知这是否是好的选择。故选A。【16题详解】考查形容词。句意：然而鲍比下定决心。A.worried担忧的；B.confused困惑的；C.determined决心的；D.hesitated迟疑的。forthefollowingweeks,hepainfullybut___7___struggledthroughhisworkouts.虽然熬炼很苦痛，他仍旧坚持着，这是很有决心的人。故选C。【17题详解】考查副词。句意：在接下来几周，鲍比苦痛但是勤奋的挣扎着熬炼。A.cautiously谨慎；B.proudly傲慢；C.secretly隐私；D.diligently勤奋。hepainfullybut___7___struggledthroughhisworkouts.得知鲍比熬炼时很勤奋。故选D。【18题详解】考查副词。句意：尽管其他选手已经跑完竞赛，鲍比还有三圈才到终点。8.A.still仍旧；B.already已经；C.ever曾经；D.rather相当。依据Whilealltheotherrunnershadalreadyfinished,得知其他人跑完了，鲍比还没有跑完。故选A。【19题详解】考查形容词。句意：当鲍比跑最终两圈时，几个其他队的男孩子起先讪笑他，喊着要他离开跑道。A.spare多余的；B.remaining剩余的；C.extra额外的；D.additional另外的。依据前面Bobby___8___hadthreelapstogo.得知鲍比还剩几圈没跑完。故选B。【20题详解】考查动词。句意：当鲍比跑最终两圈时，几个其他队的男孩子起先讪笑他，喊着要他离开跑道。A.crying哭泣；B.throwing扔掉；C.shouting大喊；D.criticizing指责。依据Asseveralboysfromtheotherteamsstartedmakingfunofhimand___10___athimtogetoffthetrack.得知其他队的男孩讪笑他，冲他喊叫，shoutatsomebody，冲某人喊。故选C。【21题详解】考查动词。句意：这时我们队成员留意到鲍比在哭着坚持上前给他加油。A.pull拽开；B.assist帮助；C.drive开车；D.urge督促。依据Ourwholeteamlinedup___12___thetrack,clappingandcheeringforBobby得知队员上前给他加油。urgeon加油鼓劲。故选D。22题详解】考查介词。句意：我们整个队站在跑道边给鲍比加油鼓掌。A.over上面；B.around四周；C.with和；D.beyond超出。BOurwholeteamlinedup___12___thetrack,clappingandcheeringforBobbyastears___13___downhisface.跑道周边站着，用around，故选B。【23题详解】考查动词。句意：我们整个队站在跑道边给鲍比加油鼓掌，鲍比眼泪顺着脸颊滑落。A.rolled滚动；B.paved铺路；C.covered覆盖；D.measured测量。Imagineamovingsight:Ourwholeteamlinedup___12___thetrack,clappingandcheeringforBobbyastears___13___downhisface.这是一个感人的场景，鲍比哭着坚持，故选A。【24题详解】考查动词。句意：他一个赛事接着一个赛事给队员们激励。A.convincing确信；B.appreciating感谢；C.competing竞争；D.encouraging激励。Afterthat,Bobbyputinefforttosupporthisteammates.得知鲍比激励队友。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词。句意：每个队员都很爱鲍比，感觉队里有他很幸运。A.envied艳羡；B.loved酷爱；C.respected敬重；D.believed信任。feltluckytohavehimintheteam.说明队员们都很爱鲍比。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词。句意：鲍比加入了一个优秀的团体，让它成为一个家庭。A.family家庭；B.organization组织；C.institution机构；D.system体系。Afterthat,Bobbyputinefforttosupporthisteammates.说明鲍比用行动让整个团体像一个家庭一样。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词短语。句意：我见过很多优秀的选手在获胜无望的状况下离开赛场。A.checkout检查；B.giveoff发出；C.walkoff走开；D.carryout执行。whentheyknewtheyweren'tgoingtowinarace.他们选择离开跑道。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词。句意：相反鲍比从来不考虑离开两公里竞赛。A.supposed认为；B.considered考虑；C.imagined想象；D.concerned关切。Bobby,onthecontrary,neveronce___18___leavingthattwo-milerace.和前面优秀选手对比，鲍比从不考虑放弃。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词。句意：一旦鲍比起先，从不选择退出。A.proved证明；B.realized意识；C.discovered发觉；D.started起先。依据quittingwasnotanoption.得知鲍比有恒心，起先了就不会放弃。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词。句意：鲍比的例子告知我们毅力的精神是自发的，我们应当珍惜它。A.bravery英勇；B.unity团结；C.perseverance毅力；D.devotion贡献。Oncehe___19___,quittingwasnotanoption.鲍比始终坚持赛跑，很有毅力，故选C。其次部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThreeModernServicesWhenyou'reworkingafull-timejob,studyingoronthehuntforwork,lifecanfeelexhausting.Thegoodnewsisthatmoderntechnologyhasmadelifeeasierinmanyways,andwiththefollowingservices,you'llfindyouhavemoretimeandenergyforthethingsthatmatter.MealkitdeliveryservicesMealkitdeliveryservicesareoneofthemostunderestimatedinnovationsofthe21stcentury.Howtheyworkissimple.Atthebeginningyouchoosehowmanypeopleneedtoeatinyourhousehold.Then,whatyourdietaryrequirementsare,andanyotherpreferences.Finally,yougettochoosewhichmealkitswillbedeliveredtoyourdoor.Nomatteryourdiet,youcanhaveanappropriatemealkitdelivered.Forexample,checkoutthese

lowcarbmealdelivery

options.Thekitcomescompletewithalltheingredientsyouneed,alreadyprepared.Allyouhavetodoistofollowthesimplerecipetoputthemtogetherandpopyourmealintheoven.Withmealkitdelivery,youdon’thavetoworryaboutcookingorspendingmoneyontakeout.Yourtripstothegrocerystorewillbecomeeasierandyou'llwastelessmoneyandfood.TaskrabbitOneofthemostfrustratingaspectsofhavingaplaceyoucallyourownisthatyouhaveto

takecareofthemaintenance(修理).Evenifyouarerenting,therearecertaintasksthatyourlandlordwillexpectyoutoseeto,whetheraleakytaporaproblematicelectricalappliance.Forthis,Taskrabbitconnectsyouwithfreelancerswhoarewillingtotakeonjustaboutanytaskforyou.Youcanhiresomeonetotakecareofyourleakytapratherthanspendingyourowntimeandenergydoingit.You'regivingsomeoneworkwhileenjoyingyourtimeoff.PostmatesFinally,oneofthemostconvenientandusefulservicesis,ofcourse,

Postmates.WithPostmates,youcangetjustaboutanythingdeliveredordeliversomethingyourself.Youcangetsomeonetodoyourgroceriesforyou–simplymakealistofwhatyouneedandchoosewhethertheshoppershouldcallyouifsomethingisoutoriftheycandecideonreplacementsthemselves.Youcanalsouseitfortakeout,tosendorreceivedocuments,andanyotherdeliveryneedsyouhave.Weliveinanageofconvenience,andweshouldtakeadvantageofit.Startusingtheaboveservicesandyou'llseeyourstresslevelsdrop.31.WhatwillpeoplefirstdotoenjoyMealkitdeliveryservices?A.Tocheckoutsomeoptions.B.Topopyourmealintheoven.C.Toconfirmtheexactnumberofpeople.D.Tofollowthesimplerecipetoputthemtogether.32.WhatdothethreeModernServiceshaveincommon?A.Theycanhelppeoplesavemoney.B.AlltheModernServicesaretop-level.C.Theycanmakepeopleeasilyenjoytheirlives.D.YoungpeopleshowtheirpreferenceforthethreeModernServices.33.Whereisthepassagemostlikelytobetakenfrom?A.Amagazine. B.Abookreview.C.Anovel. D.Aguidebook.【答案】31.C32.C33.A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了三款让生活更便捷的现代科技独创。【31题详解】细微环节理解题。依据Mealkitdeliveryservices中Atthebeginningyouchoosehowmanypeopleneedtoeatinyourhousehold.得知餐盒递送服务中你须要首先选择多少人要在家里就餐。要首先确认就餐人们的准确数量。故选C。【32题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段

Thegoodnewsisthatmoderntechnologyhasmadelifeeasierinmanyways,andwiththefollowingservices,得知本文介绍的三款科技独创都是提升生活水平，帮人们更简单享受生活的独创。故选C。【33题详解】推理推断题。文章介绍三款现代科技独创，是节选自杂志。不是书评、小说或导游手册。故选A。【点睛】对于干脆信息题此类题型，可以首先从问题中找到关键词,然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中快速找寻这一细微环节，找到后再把这一部分内容细致阅读一遍，细致比较所给选项与文中细微环节的微小区分，在精确理解细微环节的前提下，最终确定最佳答案。例如:小题1问享受餐盒递送服务首先做什么?在文章中找到相关的句子,由其次段Atthebeginningyouchoosehowmanypeopleneedtoeatinyourhousehold.可知,须要首先选择多少人要在家里就餐,关键词是Atthebeginning…,C选项Toconfirmtheexactnumberofpeople.是对youchoosehowmanypeopleneedtoeatinyourhousehold.…的同义改写，故选C。BLastsummer,KatieStellerpulledoffthefreewayonherwaytoworkinMinneapolis.Shestoppedatatrafficlight,whereamanwassittingwithasignaskingforhelp.Sherolleddownherwindow.“Hey!”sheshouted.“I’mdrivingaroundgivingfreehaircuts.IfIgograbmychair,doyouwantonerightnow?”Themanlookedtobeinhis60s.Hewasbalding,andmissingafewteeth.AsStellerlikedtotellthestory,helaughed,thenpaused.“Actually,”hesaid,“Ihaveafuneraltogotothisweek.Iwasreallyhopingtogetahaircut.”Stellerpulledoutaredchairfromhercarandhelpedthemancuthishairimmediately.Aftertheworkwasfinished,Edwardlookedinamirror.“Ilookgood!”hesaid.Untillastyear,Stellerhadgivensuchhaircutstopeoplelivingonthemargins(边缘)aroundthecity.Shewaskeenlyawareofthepowerofhercleanupjob.“It’smorethanahaircut,”shesaid.“Iwantittobeagateway,toshowvalueandrespect,butalsotogettoknowpeople.Iwanttobuildrelationships.”Stellerknewthatahaircutcouldchangealife.Onechangedhers:Asateen,shesufferedfromaseveredisease,herhairthinneddrastically.Seeingthis,hermotherarrangedforSteller’sfirstprofessionalhaircut.“Tositdownandhavesomebodylookatmeandtalktomelikeapersonandnotjustanillness,ithelpedmefeelcaredaboutandlessalone,”shesaid.Afterthat,Stellerknewshewantedtohaveherownsalonsoshecouldhelppeoplefeelthewayshe’dfeltthatday.Notlongafterfinishingcosmetologyschoolin2009,shebeganwhatshenowcallsherRedChairProject,reachingouttopeopleonthestreets.Heraimwasthatbydoingsomekindacts,otherswouldbeinspiredtospreadtheirown.“Partofwhatbrokemyheartwasjusthowlonelypeoplelooked,”shesaid.“IthoughtmaybeI’dgoaroundandaskifpeoplewantfreehaircuts.Ican’tfixtheirproblems,butmaybeIcanhelpthemfeellessaloneforamoment.”Itallbeganwithabeliefinsimpleactsofkindness,suchasafreehaircut.“Thewayyoushowupintheworldmatters,”saidSteller.“Youhavenoideawhatpeoplearegoingtodowiththekindnessthatyougivethem.”34.HowdidStellerreacttotheman’saskingforhelp?A.Shepaidnoattention.B.Sheofferedafreehaircuttohim.C.Shesentaredchairtohimasapresent.D.Shetoldaninterestingstorytomakehimhappy.35.WhatdidStellermeanbysaying“It’smorethanahaircut”inparagraph6?A.Shethoughtitwasarespectablejob.B.Shehadfoundmoreadvantagesforthejob.C.Sheconsideredhaircutasawaytomakefriends.D.Shehopedherjobcouldmakeadifferencetoothers.36.WhatdidStellerexpectfromRedChairProject?A.Toearnalotofmoney. B.Toknowmorepeople.C.Topassdownthekindness. D.Tomakeherselfstandout.37.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ACutAbove. B.ABeautifulSalon.C.TheGoodBelief. D.TheMiracleofLove.【答案】34.B35.D36.C37.A【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。讲解并描述了凯蒂·斯泰勒在去明尼苏达州工作的路上下了高速马路后给生疏人免费理发传递善行的事迹。【34题详解】细微环节理解题。依据前两段Shestoppedatatrafficlight,whereamanwassittingwithasignaskingforhelp.Sherolleddownherwindow.“Hey!”sheshouted.“I’mdrivingaroundgivingfreehaircuts.IfIgograbmychair,doyouwantonerightnow?”得知当生疏人求助时，凯蒂·斯泰勒供应免费给他理发。故选B。【35题详解】句意理解题。依据第6段shesaid.“Iwantittobeagateway,toshowvalueandrespect,butalsotogettoknowpeople.Iwanttobuildrelationships.”得知凯蒂·斯泰勒想通过理发和生疏人建立关系，给他人带来影响。故选D。【36题详解】推理推断题。依据倒数第三段Heraimwasthatbydoingsomekindacts,otherswouldbeinspiredtospreadtheirown.得知凯蒂·斯泰勒的红椅子项目旨在于通过自己的善行，其他人能够传递善行。故选C。【37题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要讲解并描述凯蒂·斯泰勒在去明尼苏达州工作的路上下了高速马路后给生疏人免费理发的事迹。ACutAbove.这个标题既和“剪发”切题，又有“更胜一筹”的用法。故选A。【点睛】主旨大意题是篇章阅读一个主要的考查方式，最佳标题（besttitle）是其一个典型的考点，也是高考阅读中每年的必考题。主旨大意题解题技巧是不要被文章细微环节所干扰。一般有两种方式解题：一是看首尾段，依据首尾段内容总结主题思想；二是看每段段首句，依据全部段首句总结主题思想。例如本文中的第四题，这是一篇记叙文，依据文体特点可知，记叙文一般会在文章最终点名文章中心，所以由文章最终一段中的““Thewayyoushowupintheworldmatters,”saidSteller.“Youhavenoideawhatpeoplearegoingtodowiththekindnessthatyougivethem.”可知凯蒂·斯泰勒通过在去明尼苏达州工作的路上下了高速马路后给生疏人免费理发传递善行。且选项A中的cut与freehaircut两个关键词都与故事情节紧密相关，故选A。CWhyispovertysodifficulttoovercome?Whyarepoorerpeoplelesslikelytoinvestintheirownlearningandabilitydevelopment,butmorelikelytobeaddictedtotelevisionandvideogames?Inthepast,apoorpersonwasnormallyconsideredtohavebadcharacterorhavenoambition.Banerjeecorrectssuchviewsandexplainstheeconomicsbehindthepoor.Poorpeopletendtolivewithmoreworriesintheirlives,hesaid,sotheyneedtoolssuchastelevisions,cellphones,junkfoodandvideogamestorelieveworriesmorethanothers.Butinvestmentinlearningoftentakesalongtimetogetrewards,whilethepoorareoftenimpatientduetoeconomicreasons,andtheirlifeinthemeantimeisgettingmoreworrisomeandboring.Thatgoesforhealth.Banerjeeandhiswifefindthatthepoorspendthesameamountofmoneyandtime,orevenmoreonhealthandmedicalcarethanthemiddleclassgroup,buttheytendtogetbadeffects.Thereasonisthatthepooroftenlacktheessentialmedicalandhealthyknowledgeandtheytendtogetmedicaltreatmentwhenthediseasehasworsenedtoacertainstage.Besides,theytendtotrustthedoctorswho“givestrongmedicine”becausetheybelievesuchdoctorsarethe“good”ones.Butinfact,“strongmedicine”alwaysleadstoresistancetodrugsandovertreatment.Thiskindofattitude,whichemphasizestreatmentratherthanearlyprevention,hasbroughtmanypoorpeoplemoreeconomicstressandphysicaldamage,andevenhasaffectedtheeducationoftheirnextgeneration.Accordingtothestudy,childreninpoorerphysicalconditiontendtospendlesstimeinschoolandhavelowerincomesaftergraduation,sopovertygets“inherited”.Whenitcomestofinance,Banerjee'sresearchhasfoundthatthepooroftenneedtoborrowlittleandshort-termloanswhilepayingextremelyhighinterestrates.Itisalsobecausethepoortendtotakehigherfinancialriskstheyoftenhaveunstableincomesandareunabletogetworkingcapitalfrombanks,sotheyrelymoreonthesehigh-interestloans.Andthesesmallloansputabrakeontheirsavingsagainstrisks.Howcouldthepoorstepintothemiddleclass?Maybestartingabusinessisawayout.Butfortheextremelypoor,it'simpossibletogetthecapitaltheyneedtostartabusiness.Inmostcases,amorepracticaloptionisgettingajobingovernmentagenciesbecausecomparativelyspeaking,governmentjobsareverystable,whichgivethepoortheopportunitiestobehiredforthelongterm,toincreasetherangeoftheirthinkingandthusenablingfamiliestomovefrompovertytothemiddleclass.Banerjee'sresearchprovidesanewperspectiveforgovernmentstounderstandpoverty,sothatpoliciescanbetailoredtodecreasepovertyandultimatelyeliminate(消退)it.38.Howdothepoordealwiththeissueofhealth?A.Theyspendlessmoneyinpreventingdisease.B.Theyfocusmoreonthediseasesthanearlyprevention.C.Theyusuallythinkitessentialtoresiststrongmedicine.D.Theyarewillingtogetfreemedicaltreatmentfromthegovernment.39.Fromtheunderlinedsentence,wecanlearnthat_______.A.povertyisproducedbythepoorB.povertyispasseddownbytheirparentsC.povertyhassomebadeffectsonthepoorD.povertycausespeopletobearmoreeconomicstress40.Banerjeeconsidersitdifficulttoovercomepovertybecause________.A.thepoorhavebadcharacterorhavenoambitionB.thepoorprefertoinvestinbusinessratherthanworkC.thegovernmenthasn’ttakenproperandeffectivemeasureD.thepoorweretroubledbytheirlives,healthandfinance41.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Thepoorhaveattachedimportancetoeducation.B.Thegovernmentcan’tprovidethejobsforthepoor.C.Allthepoorneedtostartabusinessfortheirsurvival.D.Banerjee'sresearchishelpfulforthegovernmenttoridofpoverty.【答案】38.B39.B40.D41.D【解析】本文是争论文。为什么贫困很难克服？班纳吉从对穷人们在生活、健康和财务方面的探讨三方面分析为政府供应了一个新的视角。【38题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段.Thiskindofattitude,whichemphasizestreatmentratherthanearlyprevention,hasbroughtmanypoorpeoplemoreeconomicstressandphysicaldamage,得知穷人们对待健康的方式是关注疾病而不是早期预防。故选B。【39题详解】句意揣测题。依据前句andevenhasaffectedtheeducationoftheirnextgeneration.Accordingtothestudy,childreninpoorerphysicalconditiontendtospendlesstimeinschoolandhavelowerincomesaftergraduation,得知贫困父母会影响下一代的教化，穷人家的孩子体质更差，在学校学习少。贫困是可以遗传的。故选B。【40题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段Poorpeopletendtolivewithmoreworriesintheirlives,第三段Thatgoesforhealth.Banerjeeandhiswifefindthatthepoorspendthesameamountofmoneyandtime,第四段Whenitcomestofinance,Banerjee'sresearchhasfoundthatthepooroftenneedtoborrowlittle得知班纳吉认为克服贫困很难，因为穷人们在生活、健康和财务方面被困扰。故选D。【41题详解】推理推断题。依据文章最终一段Banerjee'sresearchprovidesanewperspectiveforgovernmentstounderstandpoverty,sothatpoliciescanbetailoredtodecreasepovertyandultimatelyeliminate(消退)it.得知班纳吉的探讨为政府供应了一个新的视角。可以推断出班纳吉的探讨有助于政府来解决贫困。故选D。DAIcanidentifyraregeneticdisordersPeoplewithgeneticsyndromes(基因遗传综合症)sometimeshaverevealingfacialfeatures,butusingthemtomakeaquickandcheapdiagnosiscanbetrickywhentherearehundredsofpossibleconditionstheymayhave.Anewneural(神经的)networkthatanalysesphotographsoffacescanhelpdoctorsnarrowdownthepossibilities.GurovichatbiotechnologyfirmFDNAinBostonandhisteambuiltaneuralnetworktolookatthegestalt(形态)–oroverallimpressionoffacesandreturnalistofthe10geneticsyndromesapersonismostlikelytohave.Theytrainedtheneuralnetwork,calledDeepGestalt,on17,000imagescorrectlylabeledtocorrespondtomorethan200geneticsyndromes.TheteamthenaskedtheAItoidentifypotential

geneticdisorders

fromafurther502photographsofpeoplewithsuchconditions.Itincludedthecorrectansweramongitslistof10responses91

percentofthetime.GurovichandhisteamalsotestedtheAI’sabilitytodistinguishbetweendifferent

geneticmutations

(突变)thatcanleadtothesamesyndrome.TheyusedimagesofpeoplewithNoonansyndrome,whichcanresultfrommutationsinoneoffivegenes.DeepGestaltaccuratelyidentifiedthegeneticsourceofthephysicalappearance64percentofthetime.“It’sclearlynotperfect,”saysGurovich.“Butit’sstillmuchbetterthanhumansareattryingtodothis.”Asthesystemmakesitsassessments,thefacialregionsthatweremosthelpfulinthedeterminationarehighlightedandmadeavailablefordoctorstoview.Thishelpsthemtounderstandtherelationshipsbetweengeneticmake-upandphysicalappearance.Thefactthatthediagnosisisbasedonasimplephotographraises

questionsofprivacy.Iffacescanrevealdetailsaboutgenetics,thenemployersandinsuranceproviderscould,inprinciple,secretlyusesuchtechniquestodiscriminateagainstpeoplewithahighprobabilityofhavingcertaindisorders.However,Gurovichsaysthetoolwillonlybeavailabletodoctors.ChristofferNellakerattheUniversityofOxfordsaysthistechniquecouldbringsignificantbenefitsforthosewithgeneticsyndromes.“Thisisnotfundamentallydifferentinformationthanwe’resharingwalkingdownthestreet,orwe’rehappytosharewithFacebookorGoogle,”hesays.“Butquestioningthedatainthiswaymeansyoucanobtaininformationabouthealthordiseasestatus.“Therealvaluehereisthatforsomeoftheseextremerarediseases,theprocessofdiagnosiscanbemany,manyyears.Thiskindoftechnologycanhelpnarrowdownthesearchspaceandthenbeconfirmedthroughcheckinggeneticmarkers,”hesays.Forsomediseases,thiskindoftechnologywillcutdownthetimetodiagnosethoroughly.Forothers,itcouldperhapsaddameansoffindingotherpeoplewiththediseaseand,inturn,helpfindnewtreatmentsorcures.42.WhatisthepurposeofGurovich’sneuralnetwork?A.TotesttheAI’sability.B.Toanalyzephotographsoffaces.C.Tohelpdoctorsreducetherangeofthediagnosis.D.Toresearchtheoverallimpressionofpatients’faces.43.WhatdisadvantagedoesDeepGestaltbring?A.Itwillprobablyinvolveinthepeople’sprivacy.B.Itcannotprovideinformationabouthealthordisease.C.Thediagnosisbasedonasimplephotographisnotaccurate.D.Itcouldperhapsaddameansoffindingotherpeoplewiththedisease.44.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Theresultofthea