河南省安阳市2025届高三英语二模试题含解析

PAGEPAGE22河南省安阳市2025届高三英语二模试题（含解析）其次部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADallas-FortWorthispackedwithsportingevents,holidayhappenings,andautumnalfestivalsduringthemonthofNovember.TheAAATexas500:ThisNASCARCupSeriesheldattheTexasMotorSpeedwayhasbeenwonbyfamouspeople.IttypicallytakesplaceinNovember,butin2024,itwillbeheldonOctober26.Ticketsrangeinpricefrom$49to$400.DallasBotanicalGarden'sHoliday:A“12DaysofChristmas”－inspiredlightdisplay,thistwo-monthshowiscomposedof“25-foot-tallbeautifullydecoratedVictorian-stylegazebos(凉亭）”，theorganizerssay,andmorethanamillionlightsarehungaroundthegardens,onhistorichomes,andsoforth.HolidayattheArboretumwilltakeplacefromNovember7toDecember31,2024.SundanceSquareParadeofLights:HeldeachyearindowntownFortWorth,theSundanceSquareParadeofLightsfeaturesmorethan100lights,marchingbands,antiquecars,anappearancebySantaClaus,andperformers.Streetseatsareavailableforafeebuttherearealsoplentyoffreeviewingareasalongtheroute.Theparadebeginsat7p.m.onNovember22,2024,atthecrossroadofWeatherfordStreetandHoustonStreet.YMCATurkeyTrot:Morethan25,000peopleparticipateinthisThanksgivingDay5Krun/walk.GuestsareaskedtodresslikeaturkeyandbeginthecharityracefromDallasCityHallat9a.m.In2024,theracewilltakeplacefromNovember20to29.1.HowwilltheAAATexas500bedifferentin2024?A.Itwillattractwell-knownracers.B.Itwilllastalongerperiodoftime.C.Itspriceswillbegreatlyincreased.D.Itsdatewillbeadvanced.2.WhatcanyouseeattheArboretumfromNov.7toDec.31?A.Historicpictures.B.Antiquecars.C.Victorian-stylebuildings.D.SantaClaus.3.Whicheventhasrequirementsfortheparticipants'clothes?A.TheAAATexas500.B.YMCATurkeyTrot.C.DallasBotanicalGarden'sHoliday.D.SundanceSquareParadeofLights.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在即将到来的l1月份，美国的达拉斯和沃斯堡市将举办的一系列的体育赛事和节庆活动。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段TheAAATexas500部分中的“IttypicallytakesplaceinNovember,butin2024,itwillbeheldonOctober26.”可知，与往年不同的是，202l年的TheAAATexas500将会提前到10月26日，而不是往年的1l月。故选D项。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段DallasBotanicalGarden'sHoliday部分中的“25-foot-tallbeautifullydecoratedVictorian-stylegazebos(凉亭)”可知，在这个灯展上可以看到维多利亚时期风格的凉亭。故选C项。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。依据最终一段YMCATurkeyTrot部分中的“Guestsareaskedtodresslikeaturkey”可知，这个活动对参加者的着装提出了要求。故选B项。BToday,westudyliteraturefromayoungage—learningaboutourhistories,farawayworldsandinfluentialpeople.Whetherwenoticeornot,thesestories—bothfictionandnon-fiction—guideusthroughoutourlives.Theyallowustoseetheworldthroughanother’seyes,openupourworldandteachusabouteverysubjectknowntoman.Despitetheirimportance,manypeoplethrowouttheiroldbooks—layingwastethewisdomthatliesoneachpage.Inanefforttosavethisknowledgeandshareitwiththoselessfortunate,agarbagemanin,Bogota,Colombiahasbeensavingthrown-awaybooksfor20yearsandsharingthemwiththoseinneed.“Ihatedtoseeallthebooksinthedustbinsofwealthierneighborhoods.SoIstartedtorescuethem,’’saidGutierrez.ThefirstbookhefoundwasacopyoftheclassicnovelAnnaKarenina.TheTolstoybookwaslaterjoinedbyTheLittlePrince,Sophie'sWorld,TheIliadandanumberofnovels.Today,hehascollectedaround25,000books.Hisgrowingcollectiondidn’tgounnoticed.Gutierrez’sneighborsweresoonborrowingthebookstohelpwiththeirchildren’shomework.“Therewasalackoftheminourneighborhood,sowestartedtohelp,”saidGutierrez.ThegroundfloorofGutierrez’shomeisnowfilledwithbooksfromfloortoceiling.Overspillingwithbooks,heopeneditupasafreelibrary,withthehelpofhiswifeLuzGutierrezandtheirthreechildren.WordeventuallyspreadaroundaboutGutierrezandhisbooks.Mostofthebooksnowcomefromdonations.Henowtravelsaroundthecountry,deliveringfreebookstopoorandremotedistricts.Thelibrary,named“TheStrengthofWords",hasdonatedbookstosome235schools,institutionsandcommunitylibrariesacrossColombia.4.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?A.Bystatingsomefacts.B.Bycontradictingatheory.C.Bydescribingascene.D.Byreferringtodocuments.5.WhatdidtheTolstoybookmeantoGutierrez?A.Aheavyfinancialburden.B.Acompanionindifficulttimes.C.Thebeginningofhischaritycampaign.D.Oneofhisgreatestachievementsinlife.6.WhichsayingdoesGutierrez'sstoryleadustobelieve?A.Agoodbookisalighttothesoul.B.Abadbeginningmakesabadending.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.D.Oneman'sgarbageisanotherman'streasure.7.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A.Tolstoybooksrecoveredfromdustbins.B.Literaturenowappealstogarbagecollectors.C.Freelibrariespopularwithneighborhoodkids.D.Garbagemanbuildsalibraryfromrescuedbooks.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了在过去20年，清洁工Gutierrez收集别人丢弃的书籍达几万册，经整理后在自家设置图书馆，以造福邻里和穷人的故事。【4题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段“Today,westudyliteraturefromayoungage—learningaboutourhistories,farawayworldsandinfluentialpeople.Whetherwenoticeornot,thesestories—bothfictionandnon-fiction—guideusthroughoutourlives.Theyallowustoseetheworldthroughanother’seyes,openupourworldandteachusabouteverysubjectknowntoman.”（今日，我们从小就起先学习文学——学习我们的历史、遥远的世界和有影响力的人物。不管我们是否留意到，这些故事——包括虚构的和非虚构的——引导着我们的生活。它们让我们透过别人的眼睛看世界，打开我们的世界，教给我们人类所知的每一门学科。）可知，作者首先陈述了有关文学图书对人类的重要性的一些事实，从而引出了Gutierrez从垃圾中搜集旧书籍筹建图书馆的故事。故选A项。【5题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段“ThefirstbookhefoundwasacopyoftheclassicnovelAnnaKarenina.”（他找到的第一本书是一本经典小说《安娜·卡列尼娜》。）可知，托尔斯泰的《安娜·卡列尼娜》一书是Gutierrez收集到的第一本文学书籍，是他的免费图书馆的起点。故选C项。【6题详解】推理推断题。通读文章可知，本文主要讲解并描述清洁工Gutierrez收集别人丢弃的书籍，整理后在自家设置图书馆，以造福邻里和穷人。别人扔掉的旧书，在Gutierrez那里，却成为了珍宝。所以Gutierrez的故事让我们信任“一个人的垃圾可能是另一个人的珍宝。”故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。依据文章其次段“Inanefforttosavethisknowledgeandshareitwiththoselessfortunate,agarbagemanin,Bogota,Colombiahasbeensavingthrown-awaybooksfor20yearsandsharingthemwiththoseinneed.”（为了保存这些学问并与那些不幸的人共享，哥伦比亚波哥大的一名垃圾管理员20年来始终在保存废弃的书籍，并与那些有须要的人共享。）以及后续内容可知，本文主要讲解并描述清洁工Gutierrez搜集旧书籍，为孩子们筹建免费图书馆的事情，D项“清洁工用抢救出来的书建立一座图书馆”最能体现此意。故选D项。CThey'renottheworld'stallestorlongestbridges,butastringofrivercrossingsmadefromtreerootsareengineeringwondersthatcontainlessonsformodemarchitects.ThetownofCherrapunjiintheKhasiHillsiscreditedwiththeworldrecordforannualrainfallofover75feet!Andinthisrainy,wetclimate,therubberfigtreegrowswithabandon.Thetreehasasecondaryrootsystemthatgrowsupabovethegroundfloorandletsthetreeeasilygrowontopofbigstonesandevenoutinthemiddleofstreams.Longago,theKhasis,atribeinMeghalayaregion,realizedtheycouldmakeuseoftheserootstotheirownadvantage.Bycontrollinganddirectingthesecondaryroots,theyhavecreatedstronglivingbridgeswithwhichtocrossstreamsandriversbythemselves.Tomakeatreegrowinacertaindirection,thetribespeopleusethetrunksofabetelnuttreewhosemiddleisgotridof,asaguidancesystem.Thethin,tenderrootsoftherubbertreeareplacedsotheygrowinthedirectionofthetreetrunkratherthanfanningout.Eventually,therootsreachtheothersideoftheriverandgrowintothesoil.Thisprocesscantakewelloveradecadebeforethebridgeisfullyfunctionalandthenovertimethebridgegrowsandstrengthens.Rocksareplacedalongthebridge'ssidestoimprovethefootpaths.Someofthesebridgesareover100feetlongandcanevensupporttheweightoffiftyor-morepeopleatatime.ThesebridgesareuseddailybythepeopleofthevillagesaroundCherrapunjiandafewarethoughttobemorethan500yearsold.Thereisevenadoubledeckerbridge,knownasthe“UmshiangDouble-DeckerRootBridge",whichfeaturestwobridgesgrownrightontopofeachother.Itisthoughttobetheonlybridgeofitskind.8.WhatdoweknowaboutthebridgesinMeghalaya?A.Theyresemblethefigtreeroots.B.They'reworksofmodernarchitects.C.Theytakeaveryshorttimetobuild.D.They'reconstructedbythevillagers.9.Howisabetelnuttreeusedinbuildingthebridges?A.Itplaystheroleofaguide.B.Itbearstheweightofthebridge.C.Itprotectsthesurfaceofthebridge.D.Itdeliversmaterialsacrosstheriver.10.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlydescribe?A.Acomplexsystem.B.Aconstructionprocess.C.Ascientifictheory.D.Anaturallandscape.11.Whatmakesthe“UmshiangDouble-DeckerRootBridge”unusual?A.Itshistory.B.Itsmaterial.C.Itsshape.D.Itslength.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了印度的乞拉朋齐镇是地球上最潮湿的地方之一。因为气候极端，建立传统的桥梁几乎是不行行的。但乞拉朋齐的卡西族部落找到了一个解决方法，让桥自己“长出来”【8题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“Bycontrollinganddirectingthesecondaryroots,theyhavecreatedstronglivingbridgeswithwhichtocrossstreamsandriversbythemselves.通过限制和引导次级根，他们创建了强大的活桥梁，用它自己跨越小溪和河流。”可知，这些桥都是在部落里的村民们的帮助下“长出来”的。故选D。【9题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段的“thetribespeopleusethetrunksofabetelnuttree,whosemiddleisgotridof,asaguidancesystem这个部落的人用槟榔树的树干，它的中间被去掉了，作为一个引导系统”可知，在这些桥的形成过程中，槟榔树的树干起到了引导树根桥方向的导向作用。故选A。【10题详解】段落大意题。依据本段的首句“Tomakeatreegrowinacertaindirection,thetribespeopleusethetrunksofabetelnuttreewhosemiddleisgotridof,asaguidancesystem.为了使树木向肯定的方向生长，该部落用去掉中间的槟榔树的树干作为引导系统。”并结合本段的内容可知，该段主要叙述了这些树根桥的形成过程。故选B。【11题详解】细微环节理解题。依据最终一段的“Thereisevenadoubledeckerbridge，knownasthe‘UmshiangDouble-DeckerRoutBridge’，whichfeaturestwobridgesgrownrightontopofeachother.Itisthoughttobetheonlybridgeofitskind.这里甚至还有一座双层桥，被称为“乌姆香双层桥”，它的特点是两座桥相互叠在一起。它被认为是同类桥梁中唯一的一座”可知，这座桥的奇妙之处在于它的“形态”别出心裁，是一座由树根形成的双层桥。故选C。DTolookinsideanantnestistomeetwithanaliencivilization.Theboilingmassofworkerantsbeneathanupturnedstoneisbothstrangelyreminiscentof(联想到）humansocietyandstrikinglydifferent.Thereisanorganizationthatfascinatesusandalonglineofmyrmecophiles(orantlovers)leadsbackallthewaytoKingSolomonwhoinfactadvisedpeopleto“gototheant,considerherwaysandbewise".ThiswasexactlytheinspirationbehindPlanetAnt,aTVprogramshowcasingwhatweknowaboutthekingdomofants,andwhatantscanteachusaboutthehumanworld.Likeus,antsbuildstructures,findfood,defendtheirsocietiesandmanagewaste,and-alsolikeus-theymustbewellorganized.Forexample,theleaf-cuttingantsofPlanetAnthavespecialwastedisposalareasforstoringharmfulwasteandateamof“waste-disposalants"dedicatedtokeepingthenestclean.Butantsachievethisfamiliarfinalresultinaverydifferentwaytohumans.Humansocietieshavecentralizedcontrol,Inotherwords,someonetellsuswhattodo.Ants,ontheotherhand,havedecentralizedcontrolandneitherthequeennoranyotherantdirectswork.Antworkersarethefinalself-starters,followingspecific,butpotentiallyflexible,rulesincertainsituations.Chemicaltrailsunderpinmuchofthisself-organization.Foragers(觅食者）layamixofchemicalsknownaspheromone(信息素）behindthemastheywalk.Otherantsfollowthetrailandiftheyfindfoodtheyreinforceit,layingmorepheromoneastheyreturntothenest.Strongertrailsaremorelikelytobefollowed,sotrailsleadingtofoodbecomeprogressivelyreinforced,whiletrailswithnofoodattheendfadeaway.Thiscombinationofpositivefeedbackandevaporation(蒸发）producesaneffectiveforagingsystemthatisverygoodatfindingthequickestroutestofood.Thissimpleguidingprinciple,andotherslikeit,haveprovidedsomeusefulsolutionstothecomplexproblemsfacedbyengineers,computerscientistsandbusinesses.12.WhydoestheauthormentionKingSolomoninthefirstparagraph?A.Toprovideabackground.B.Toshowadmirationforhim.C.Tostressthewisdomofants.D.Toexplainanabstracttheory.13.Howdoantsbehavewhileperformingtasks?A.Theygetordersfromtheirpartners.B.Theychooseodoonlyroutinetasks.C.TheychoosetodoonlyroutinetasksD.Theyfollowtheirownsensesandcertainrules.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“underpin”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Decide. B.Support. C.Develop. D.Calculate.15.Whatinformationcanwegetabouttrailpheromonefromthetext?A.Itcomesfromthefoodresources.B.Itappearsbeforeants'self-organization.C.Itleadsthefollowingantstofood.D.Ithelpsantsfindtheirwaybackhome.【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了蚂蚁是社会性很强的昆虫，它们通过释放信息素来进行沟通沟通，当蚂蚁找到食物时，会在食物上释放信息素，别的蚂蚁就会本能地把有信息素的东西拖回洞里去。【12题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段第三句“Thereisanorganizationthatfascinatesusandalonglineofmyrmecophiles(orantlovers)leadsbackallthewaytoKingSolomonwhoinfactadvisedpeopleto‘gototheant，considerherwaysandbewise’”（有一个组织让我们着迷，一长串爱蚂蚁的人(或蚂蚁爱好者)始终追溯到所罗门王，他事实上建议人们‘去了解蚂蚁，考虑她的方式，保持才智。’）可知，作者提到所罗门王的目的是强调蚂蚁是一种才智的生物。故选C。13题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段最终一句“Antworkersarethefinalself-starters,followingspecific,hutpotentiallyflexible,rulesincertainsituations.”（蚂蚁工作者是最终的自我启动者，在某些状况下遵循特定的、但可能敏捷的规则。）可知，蚂蚁在执行任务时，主要是遵从自己的感官认知和一些特定情境中具有敏捷性的规则的指引。故选D。【14题详解】词义揣测题。依据第三段其次句和第三句“Foragers(觅食者）layamixofchemicalsknownaspheromone(信息素）behindthemastheywalk.Otherantsfollowthetrailandiftheyfindfoodtheyreinforceit,layingmorepheromoneastheyreturntothenest.”（觅食的蚂蚁走路时，身后会有一种被称为费洛蒙的化学物质混合物。其他蚂蚁沿着这条路走，假如它们找到了食物，它们会加强这条路，在返回巢穴时释放更多的信息素。）可知，此处表示“蚂蚁行走时留下的踪迹激素对蚂蚁团队的自治起到了支撑作用”。underpin意为“支撑，支持”。故选B。【15题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段第四句“Strongertrailsaremorelikelytobefollowed,sotrailsleadingtofoodbecomeprogressivelyreinforced,whiletrailswithnofoodattheendfadeaway.”（更强的路径更有可能被跟踪，所以通往食物的路径会渐渐加强，而最终没有食物的路径会渐渐消逝。）可知，踪迹激素主要起到了指引其他蚂蚁找到食物的作用。故选C。其次节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ourbodymanagesandrequiressleepinmuchthesamewaythatitcontrolstheneedforeating,drinking,andbreathing.Muchresearchhasbeendoneontheeffectsofsleep.Thesestudieshaverepeatedlyshownthatsleepplaysavitalroleinpromotingphysicalhealth.____16____Ithelpsmaintainourbody'sidealweight,andreducestressaswellasthechanceofmooddisorders.Thisincreasesourlengthoflifeandemotionalwell-being.Italsoexplainswhyafteragoodnight'ssleep,youfeelbetter,yourthoughtsareclearer,andyouremotionsarelessfragile.Withoutenoughsleep,yourjudgmentandabilitytolearnareweakened.Studiessupportthatpeoplewhogettheappropriateamountofsleepon-a-regularbasistendtolivelongerandhavehealthierlives.____17____Asamatteroffact,studieshaveshownthatdrivingwhilesleep-deprived(不足的）issimilartodrunkdriving.Ifwejustgotproperrest,maybetherewouldbelessconflictintheworldandhappierpeople.Forsomereason,insociety,sleepisnothighontheprioritylist,anditisnotvalued.Instead,itislookedonasaluxuryandnotanecessity.Why?____18____Infact,manyjudgeharshly(严厉地）andmakepeoplefeelguiltyfortheirsleeprequirement.Peoplewhosay“youcansleepwhenyouaredead”needtogetonthecluebus.Yourbodyyouexactlywhatitneeds.____19____Yetsomepeoplechoosetotakemedicinetokeepthemselvestogothroughtheday,unabletofunctionnaturallyduetolackofproperrest.____20____Listentoyourbody,nototherpeople'sopinionofwhatyourbodyneeds.Ifyourbodytellsyouthatneedtotakeanap,thenbyallmeanstakeanap.A.Andnobodyelsecandothatforyou.B.Itisseenasaformoflazinessorweakness.C.Scientistshavegonetogreatlengthstofullyunderstandsleep’sbenefit.D.Thisstressestheimportanceofhavingadequatesleep.E.Wealsoknowthatexercisehasagreatimpactuponsleep.F.Eachpersonisdifferentandrequiresvaryingamountsofsleep.G.Itkeepsourhearthealthyandlowersourchancesofdevelopingdisease.【答案】16.G17.D18.B19.A20.F【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲解并描述了足够的睡眠对健康的好处。【16题详解】空前一句“Thesestudieshaverepeatedlyshownthatsleepplaysavitalroleinpromotingphysicalhealth.”提到，这些探讨一再表明，睡眠在促进身体健康方面起着至关重要的作用，空处应是详细讲解并描述睡眠的好处，G项“它能保持我们的心脏健康，降低我们患疾病的几率。”符合语境。故选G项。【17题详解】依据空前一句“Studiessupportthatpeoplewhogettheappropriateamountofsleepon-a-regularbasistendtolivelongerandhavehealthierlives.”可知，探讨表明，定期获得适量睡眠的人往往寿命更长，生活更健康。所以这些探讨结果证明白睡眠的重要性，D项“这就强调了足够睡眠的重要性。”符合语境。故选D项。【18题详解】上文“Instead,itislookedonasaluxuryandnotanecessity.Why?”提到，相反，它被视为是一种奢侈，不是一种必需品，为什么？空处应是对上文的回答，B项“它被认为是懒散或者虚弱”符合语境，故选B项。【19题详解】依据空前一句“Yourbodyyouexactlywhatitneeds.”可知，你的身体准确地知道你须要什么，A项“没有别的人能帮你做到。”承接上文，话题一样，都是说明只有你自己能了解自己的身体，符合语境。故选A项。【20题详解】依据后文“Listentoyourbody,nototherpeople'sopinionofwhatyourbodyneeds.Ifyourbodytellsyouthatneedtotakeanap,thenbyallmeanstakeanap.(倾听你自己的身体，而不是别人对你身体需求的看法。假如你的身体告知你须要小睡一会儿，那就肯定要小睡一会儿。)”可知，要听从自己的身体须要，不要被别人的看法影响，F项“每个人都是不同的，须要不同的睡眠时间。”引出下文，符合语境。故选F项。第三部分语言学问运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ApizzadeliverdriverinRhodeIslandreceivesomethingmorespecialthananytipthisweek.RyanCattersonwasdeliveringpizzatothe____21____ofLindseySheelyonSaturdaynightwhenSheely’soldsonranuptohimandgivehimabig____22____.Sheely,who____23____themomentonthedoorbellcamera,said,“IputituponmyFacebookpage.Infact,Ijustdiditbecausewethoughtitwas____24____."WhatSheelydidn'tknowatthetimewaswhatthat____25____wouldmeantoCatterson.Catterson’s16-year-olddaughter,wholivedinCaliforniawithhisex-wife,____26____passedaway.Shehad____27____withmentalproblems.“Afterlosingmydaughterthispastweek,itjust____28____mebecauseitwaslikeshewasthere,anditjustmeanta____29____tome,”hesaid.Hisex-wife,Danielle,saidshewas____30____thatsomeonesawhispainandcouldbethereforhim.“It'ssoeasyto____31____suchpeopleandtheirinternalpain,”shesaid.“Thatevengoestoour____32____.Wedidn'tknowher____33____.”Thevideoofhishugwiththe2-year-oldmadeits____34____toCatterson,andhereachedouttotellSheelyhowmuchit____35____.“Itisreally____36____toacceptthatI'mnotgoingtobeabletohugheragain,"Cattersonsaidofhisdaughter.Thehugmayhavelastedonlyafewseconds,____37____it'samomentCattersonwill____38____always."Thatmighthavebeenmydaughterjustlookingoutforme____39____atthetime,"hesaid.“Thisincidentmeanssomething,andmakesme____40____,'Wow,maybeshe'sthere.”21.A.home B.office C.garden D.community22.A.hug B.tip C.smile D.surprise23.A.fixed B.caught C.checked D.adjusted24.A.crazy B.funny C.serious D.common25.A.comment B.chance C.moment D.signal26.A.recently B.gradually C.peacefully D.eventually27.A.connected B.treated C.settled D.struggled28.A.reminded B.touched C.confused D.matched29.A.ton B.pizza C.loss D.dollar30.A.anxious B.concerned C.ashamed D.grateful31.A.cure B.ignore C.help D.describe32.A.friend B.family C.mother D.daughter33.A.joy B.pain C.disease D.strength34A.way B.case C.sale D.trip35.A.cost B.needed C.meant D.charged36.A.lucky B.interesting C.tough D.necessary37.A.for B.since C.but D.though38.A.pickup B.setaside C.takealong D.holdonto39.A.bravely B.blindly C.casually D.eagerly40.A.regret B.cheer C.think D.attempt【答案】21.A22.A23.B24.B25.C26.A27.D28.B29.A30.D31.B32.D33.B34.A35.C36.C37.C38.D39.D40.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了周六晚上，RyanCatterson在给LindseySheely送披萨的时候，Sheely的大儿子跑过来给了他一个大大的拥抱。拥抱能让人感受爱与暖和，尤其是对一个刚刚失去亲人的外卖员而言。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：周六晚上，RyanCatterson在给LindseySheely送披萨的时候，Sheely的大儿子跑过来给了他一个大大的拥抱。A.home家；B.office办公室；C.garden花园；D.community社区。依据上文“RyanCattersonwasdeliveringpizzatothe”以及后文提到是周六晚上，可推想是送披萨到LindseySheely家里。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：周六晚上，RyanCatterson在给LindseySheely送披萨时候，Sheely的大儿子跑过来给了他一个大大的拥抱。A.hug拥抱；B.tip小费；C.smile微笑；D.surprise惊喜。结合后文“Thevideoofhishugwiththe2-year-oldmadeits”可知Sheely的大儿子给了Catterson一个拥抱。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sheely用门铃摄像头拍下了这一幕。A.fixed固定；B.caught抓住；C.checked检查；D.adjusted调整。依据后文“themomentonthedoorbellcamera”可知指用门铃摄像头拍下了儿子拥抱Catterson的一幕，应用catch。故选B。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我这么做只是因为我们觉得很好玩。A.crazy疯狂的；B.funny好玩的；C.serious肃穆的；D.common一般的。依据上文“IputituponmyFacebookpage.Infact,Ijustdiditbecausewethoughtitwas”Sheely之所以抓拍下这一幕放到网上，一起先只是觉得好玩，并不知道Catterson的故事。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sheely当时并不知道那一刻对Catterson意味着什么。A.comment评论；B.chance机会；C.moment时刻；D.signal信号。呼应上文中提到的“themoment”，即儿子拥抱Catterson的那一刻。故选C。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Catterson16岁的女儿和他的前妻住在加州，最近去世了。A.recently最近；B.gradually渐渐地；C.peacefully安静地；D.eventually最终。依据后文“losingmydaughterthispastweek”可知他女儿是最近去世的。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她始终与精神问题作斗争。A.connected连接；B.treated治疗；C.settled解决；D.struggled挣扎。依据后文“withmentalproblems”指与精神问题作斗争，短语strugglewith。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说：“在我上周女儿去世后，这触动了我，因为这就像她就在我身边，这对我来说意味着一切。”A.reminded提示；B.touched触碰；C.confused使困惑；D.matched匹配。依据后文“becauseitwaslikeshewasthere”可知这个拥抱触动了Catterson，让他感觉女儿就在自己身边。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说：“在我上周女儿去世后，这触动了我，因为这就像她就在我身边，这对我来说意味着一切。”A.ton吨；B.pizza披萨；C.loss亏损；D.dollar美元。结合前后文“itjustmeanta…tome”可知表示“对某人很重要”短语为meanatontosb.。故选A。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的前妻Danielle说，她很感谢有人能看到他的苦痛，并能陪在他身边。A.anxious焦虑的；B.concerned关切的；C.ashamed惭愧的；D.grateful感谢的。依据后文“someonesawhispainandcouldbethereforhim”有人能看到Catterson的苦痛，陪伴着他，他的前妻对此很感谢。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们很简洁忽视这些人和他们内心的苦痛，”她说。A.cure治愈；B.ignore忽视；C.help帮助；D.describe描述。结合后文“Wedidn'tknow”提到他们不知道女儿的苦痛，可推想人们很简洁忽视他人内心的苦痛。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“连我们的女儿都是。”A.friend挚友；B.family家庭；C.mother母亲；D.daughter女儿。依据后文“Wedidn'tknowher”可知，her指代女儿，表示他们女儿的苦痛也被人所忽视了。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们不知道她的苦痛。”A.joy欢乐；B.pain苦痛；C.disease疾病；D.strength力气。上文中“withmentalproblems”提到女儿有精神问题，所以是遭遇精神苦痛。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Catterson收到了他和两岁孩子拥抱的视频，他向Sheely表达了拥抱对他的重大意义。A.way方法；B.case状况；C.sale销售；D.trip旅程。依据前后文“Thevideoofhishugwiththe2-year-oldmadeits…toCatterson”可知为短语makeone’swaytosb.，表示“到达某人”。故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Catterson收到了他和两岁孩子拥抱的视频，他向Sheely表达了拥抱对他的重大意义。A.cost支付；B.needed须要；C.meant意味着；D.charged控告。呼应上文中“itjustmeanta”指这个拥抱对来说Catterson意义重大。故选C。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我真的很难接受我不能再拥抱她了，”Catterson说到他的女儿。A.lucky幸运的；B.interesting好玩的；C.tough艰难的；D.necessary必要的。依据后文“toacceptthatI'mnotgoingtobeabletohugheragain”父亲不能再拥抱自己的女儿，这是很让人难以接受的。故选C。【37题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：这个拥抱可能只持续了几秒钟，但这一刻Catterson将恒久抓住不放。A.for因为；B.since既然；C.but但是；D.though虽然。上文提到拥抱可能只持续了几秒，后文提到Catterson将恒久保留这种感觉，前后为转折关系，应用but。故选C。【38题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个拥抱可能只持续了几秒钟，但这一刻Catterson将恒久抓住不放。A.pickup捡起；B.setaside留出；C.takealong带上；D.holdonto抓紧。依据上文“it'samomentCattersonwill”可知这个拥抱对Catterson来说，意义重大，所以他讲恒久保留这一刻，紧抓住不放。故选D。【39题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他说：“那可能是我女儿当时急迫地在找我。”A.bravely英勇地；B.blindly盲目地；C.casually随意地；D.eagerly急迫地。依据上文“mydaughterjustlookingoutforme”指女儿急迫地找父亲，eagerly符合语境。故选D。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这件事很有意义，让我认为‘哇，或许她就在那里。’”A.regret懊悔；B.cheer欢呼；C.think认为；D.attempt企图。依据后文Catterson的想法“Wow,maybeshe'sthere.”可知，这件事情让Catterson认为或许女儿就在自己身边。故选C。其次节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。The1918Spanishfluwasthemostdeadlyoutbreakinhistory.It___41___(cause)byanH1N1virusfoundingenesofbirds'origin.Althoughthereisnouniversalagreementregardingwherethevirus___42___(actual)originated,itspreadworldwideduring1918-1919.IntheUnitedStates,itwasfirstidentifiedinthearmyin___43___springof1918.Itwasestimatedthatabout500millionpeople___44___one-thirdoftheworld'spopulationofthattimebecameinfectedwiththisvirus.Thenumberof___45___(death)wasestimatedtobeatleast50millionworldwidewithabout675,000occurringintheUnitedStates.Thedeathratewashighinpeopleyoungerthan5yearsold,20-40yearsold,and65yearsand___46___(old).Thehighdeathratein___47___(heath)people,includingthoseinthe20-to40-year-oldagegroup,wasauniquefeatureofthisdisease.Whilethe1918H1N1virushasbeenproducedandevaluatedbymodernscience,thefeaturesthathavemadeitsodeadlyaregotwellunderstood.Withnovaccinetoprotectagainstinfluenzainfectionandnomedicine___48___(treat)secondarybacteriainfections,controleffortsworldwidewerelimitedtonon-medicalmethods,___49___separation,quarantine(检疫),goodpersonalhygiene,andbanonpublicgatherings,_____50_____wereappliedinheavilyinfectedareas.【答案】41.wascaused42.actually43.the44.or45.deaths46.older47.healthy48.totreat49.like/including50.which【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。1918年爆发的西班牙大流感给人类带来巨大的突难。而造成这次流感致命性的缘由至今仍旧是一个谜。【41题详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：它是由在鸟类起源基因中发觉的H1N1病毒引起的。主语It与动词cause之间为被动关系，且动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填wascaused。【42题详解】考查副词：句意：虽然对于病毒的起源没有普遍的共识，但它在1918-1919年期间在全世界传播。修饰谓语动词originated应用副词。故填actually。【43题详解】考查冠词：句意：在美国，1918年春，它首次在军队中被发觉。此处用定冠词the，特指1918年的春天。故填the。【44题详解】考查连词：句意：据估计，当时约有5亿人或世界人口的三分之一感染了这种病毒。分析可知空格前后两部分为选择性并列关系。故填or。【45题详解】考查名词：句意：全球死亡人数估计至少有5000万人，其中约67.5万人发生在美国。death指“死亡的人”时，为可数名词，此处用复数形式指全部死亡的人。故填deaths。【46题详解】考查形容词比较级：句意：5岁以下、20-40岁、65岁及以上人群的死亡率较高。依据句意可知，此处是指65岁以上的人，即比65岁大的人，用比较级。故用older。【47题详解】考查形容词：句意：健康人群(包括20-40岁年龄组)的高死亡率是该病的一个独特特征。修饰后面的名词people，用health的形容词形式。故填healthy。【48题详解】考查非谓语动词：句意：由于没有预防流感感染的疫苗，也没有治疗继发细菌感染的药物，全球范围内的限制措施仅限于隔离、保持个人卫生、禁止公共集会等非医学方法，而这些方法在疫情严峻的地区得到了应用。结合上文的“Withnovaccinetoprotectagainstinfluenzainfection”分析可知，此处为with的复合结构:with+n+todo，and连接两个相同的结构，故设空处也应用不定式。故填totreat。【49题详解】考查介词：句意：同上。这里列举一系列事物用介词like或including。故填like/including。【50题详解】考查非限制性定语从句：句意：同上。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为methods，指物，从句缺少主语，用关系代词which（that不能引导非限制性定语从句），故填which。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词留意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Theotherday,Iwenthomesolatelythatmymothercouldn'taffordtowaitmeanylonger.Soshebegantohavealunchby