本科大学英语3答案

试题名称：本科大学英语3

专业：年级：学号：姓名：分数：

I.VocabularyandStructure:（40Points）

SectionA:Thereare10incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,

CandD.ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence。。％）

1.Thetidesvary_C_themoon.A.atB.onC.withD.to

2.Everjoneblamesyou_B_acertainmistake.A.onB.forC.inD.against

3.Itisrudetopoint_D_someone.A.forB.atC.inD.on

4.Shearrangedapartytohelpputthestrangersattheir—A—.A.pleasureB.easeC.peaceD.delight

5.Hedecidedtosellhisfarmand_A_afreshstartinbusiness.A.openB.makeC.lakeD.break

6.Hewasalwaysattentive—A_myideas.A.toB.withC.onD.at

7.Shewasdeaf_A_hisrequesttodoherwork.A.ofB.toC.atD.on

8.Whenshefinallyarrivedsheapologized_D_solate.

A.thatshecameB.thatshewascomingC.forcomingD.tocome

9.Sheaddedthatifhehadtelephoneherbeforelunch,she_D_thebookthere.

A.tookB.wouldhavetakenC.wouldtakeD.wouldbetaking

10.Somehotelstaffspeak_C_English.A.littleB.smallC.fewD.scarcely

SectionB:Amongthefourchoicesbeloweachsentence,choosetheONEthatbestkeepsthemeaningofthe

originalsentenceifitissubstitutedfortheunderlinedwordorphrase.（10%）

11.TheonlysongsofficiallyapprovedbythePuritanswereverysimplehymns.D

A.originallyB.reluctantlyC.unanimouslyD.formally

12.Paroleisusuallygrantedtoprisonersasarewardforgoodconduct.A

A.paidtoB.ignoredbyC.giventoD.requestedby

13.ManyofEdithWharton'sbestchoiceswerecompletedundergreatpersonalstrain.A

A.povertyB.privacyC.resentmentD.tension

14.SomebotanistsfearthattheworldwidetransferofplantspeciesisthreateningtheEarth'sbiologicaldiversity.B

A.accidentalB.rapidC.illegalD.global

15.Inarithmetic,anumberstandsforthesizeofasetofthings.D

A.measuresB.estimatesC.cancelsD.represents

16.Theenvironmentalbalanceamongecologicalcommunitiesisexceedinglycomplex.D

A.successfullyB.moundsC.reservesD.very

17.TheMississippiRivercarriesgreatamounisoffinesandandsiltintotheGulfofMexico.D

A.collectionsB.discreetlyC.almostD.quantities

18.Oilcanbeconveyedbypipelinefromanoilregiontoarefinery.A

A.transportedB.filteredC.connectedD.diverted

19.Drybeansarcveryrichinproteinsandmaybeeatenasasubstituteformcat.C

A.atthesametimeasB.mixedupwithC.inplaceofD.inadditionto

20.TheuseofwildanimalsincircuseswasaninnovationfirstintroducedintheUnitedStates.D

A.numberB.programC.musicalspectacleD.newidea

SectionC:Pleasewriteouttheappropriateformofthefollowingwordsasrequested.（5%）

21.contribute_contribution_（名词）22.foundalion_found_（动词）23.solve_solution'名词）

24.traditiontraditional（形容词）25.recognizerecognition（名词）

SectionD:Thereare5statementsinthissection.Eachstatementconsistsof4underlinedpartsmarkedA,B,C

andD.PleasefindouttheOnepartthatiswronginandputtheletterontheanswersheet.(5%)

26.Theteacher'slectureonthehistorywasverylongandHenryfeltveryboring.

ABCDbored

27.Mr.Brownoftenworeaheavycoatbecausehewasn'tusedtoliveinsuchacoldclimate.

ABchadn'tbeenusedtoD

28.1neverdreamtoftheretobeachanceformetobesentabroadverysoon.

ABCbeingD

29.Wecandrawtheconclusionhowairhasweight.

ABCthatD

30.ThenexlimDorlanlquestionwhichwehavetodecideiswhalwehavetosubmit(heproposal.

ABCDwhether

SectionE:Completethefollowingsentenceswiththeproperformofthegivenwords.(10%)

interfere,case,getaround,shocked,away,betteroff,concern,confusion,bestuckwith,cover

31.MyEnglishexamisonlyaweek_away_andIhaven'tevenstartedtoprepare.

32.Theresultsoftheelectionareof—concern_tousall.

33.Thesellingpricebarely_covered_thecostoftherawmaterials.

34.Theysaythatit'seasyinthiscityto_getaround_bybusorbysubway.

35.1knowI'dbeenwarnedbutitwasstilla_cover_toseeherlooksoill.

36.Shedoesn'twanttoworkfull-time,il'sa_case_ofhavingto.

37.Shewasmuch_betteroff_whenshegotpromoted,andevenhadenoughmoneytobuyanewcar.

38.Sheseemstoregardanyadviceorhelpfromthemas_interference_.

39.Inthefactory,Jim_shocked_always_bestuckwith_thedirtywork.

40.Therewasaterrible_confusion_aseveryonestruggledmadlyinthedarktogetsomeair.

PartII.ReadingComprehension:Choosethebestanswerforeachofthefollowingquestion.(1()points)

SectionA:(5%)

Beforethemind-nineteenthcentury,peopleintheUnitedStatesatemostfoodsonlyinseason.Drying,smoking,

andsaltingcouldpreservemeatfbrashorttime,buttheavailabilityoffreshmeat,likethatoffreshmilks,wasvery

limited;therewasnowaytopreventspoilage.Butin1810aFrenchinventornamedNicolasAppertdevelopedthe

cooking-and-sealingprocessofcanning.Ancinthe1850'sanAmericannamedGailBordendevelopedameansof

condensingandpreservingmilk.Cannedgoodsandcondensedmilkbecamemorecommonduringthe1860's,but

suppliesremainedlowbecausecanshadtobemadebyhand.By1880,however,inventorshadfashionedstamping

andsolderingmachinesthatmass-producedcansfromtinplate.Suddenlyallkindsoffoodcouldbepreservedand

boughtatalltimesoftheyear.

OthertrendsandinventionshadalsohelpedmakeitpossibleforAmericanstovarytheirdailydiets.Growing

urbanpopulationscreateddemandthatencouragedfruitandvegetablefarmerstoraisemoreproduce.Railroad

refrigeratorcarsenabledgrowersandmeatpackerstoshipperishablestogreatdistancesandtopreservethemfbr

longerperiods.Thus,bythe1890's,northerncitydwellerscouldenjoysouthernandwesternstrawberries,grapesand

tomatoes,previouslyavailableforamonthatmost,oruptosixmonthsoftheyear.Inaddition,increaseduseof

iceboxesenabledfamiliestostoreperishables.Aneasymeansofproducingicecommerciallyhadbeeninventedinthe

1870's,andby1900thenationhadmorethantwothousandcommercialiceplants,mostofwhichmadehome

deliveries.Theiceboxbecameafixtureinmosthomesandremainedsountilthemechanizedrefrigeratorreplacedin

the1920*8and1930's.

Almosteveryonenowhadamorediversifieddiet.Somepeoplecontinuedtoeatmainlyfoodsthatwereheavyin

starchesorcarbohydrates,andnoteveryonecouldaffordmeat.Nevertheless,manyfamiliescouldtakeadvantagesof

prev沁uslyunavailablefruits,vegetables,anddairyproductstoachievemorevariedfare.

41.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?C

A.causesoffoodspoilageB.commercialproductionofice

C.InventionsthatledtochangesintheAmericandietD.Populationmovementsinthe19thcentury

42.Duringthe1860's,cannedfoodproductswere_A_.

A.unavailableinruralareasB.shippedinrefrigeratorcars

C.availableinlimitedquantitiesD.astaplepartoftheAmericandiet

43.Itcanbeinferredthatrailroadrefrigeratorcarscameintouse—B—.

A.before1860B.before1890C.after1900D.after1920

44.Theauthorimpliesthatinthe1920'sand1930*5homedeliveriesofice_A_.

A.decreasedinnumberB.wereonanirregularschedule

C.increasedincostD.occurredonlyinthesummer

45.WhichofthefollowingtypesoffoodpreservationwasNOTmentionedinthepassage?B

A.dryingB.canningC.coldstorageD.chemicaladditives

SectionB:(5%)

Bytheturnofthecentury,themiddle-classhomeinNorthAmericahadbeentransformed.uTheflowofindustry

haspassedandleftidletheloomintheattic,thesoapkettleintheshed"，EllenRichardswrotein1908.Theurban

middleclasswasnowabletobuyawidearrayoffoodproductsandclothing-bakedgoods,cannedgoods,suits,shirts,

shoes,anddresses.Notonlyhadhouseholdproductionwaned,buttechnologicalimprovementswererapidlychanging

therestofdomesticwork.Middle-classhomeshadindoorrunningwaterandfurnaces,runonoil,coal,orgas,that

producedhotwater.Stoveswerefueledbygas,anddeliveryservicesprovidediceforrefrigerators.Electricpowerwas

availablelorlamps,sewingmachines,irons,andevenvacuumcleaners.Nodomestictaskwasunaffected.Commercial

laundries,forinstance,hadbeendoingthewashforurbanfamiliesfordecades;bytheearly1900*sthefirstelectric

washingmachineswereonthemarket.

Oneimpactofthenewhouseholdtechnologywastodrawsharpdividinglinesbetweenwomenofdifferent

classesandregions.Technologicaladvancesalwaysaffectedthehomesofthewealthyfirst,filteringdownwardinto

theurbanmiddleclass.Butwomenwholivedonfarmswerenotyetaffectedbyhouseholdimprovements.Throughout

the19lhcenturyandwellintothe20th,ruralhomeslackedrunningwaterandelectricpower.Farmwomenhadtohaul

largequantitiesofwaterintothehousefromwellsorpumpsfbreverypurpose.Doingthefamilylaundry,inlargevats

heatedoverstoves,continuedtobeafullday'swork,justascanningandpreservingcontinuedtobeseasonal

necessities.Heatwasprovidedbywoodorcoalstoves.Inaddition,ruralwomencontinuedtoproducemostoftheir

families'clothing.Theurbanpoor,similarly,reapedfewbenefitsfromhouseholdimprovements.Urbanslumssuchas

Chicago's19,hwardoftenhadnosewers,garbagecollection,orgasorelectriclines;andtenementslackedboth

runningwaterandcentralheating.Attheturnofthecentury,variationsinthenatureofwomen'sdomesticworkwere

probablymoremarkedthanatanytimebefore.

46.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?B

A.Thecreationoftheurbanmiddleclass.

B.Domssticworkattheturnofthecentury.

C.ThespreadofelectricalpowerintheUnitedStates.

D.OvercrowdinginAmericancities.C

47.Accordingtothepassage,whatkindoffuelwasusedinastoveinatypicalmiddle-classhousehold?

A.OilB.CoalC.GasD.Wood

48.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasahouseholdconvenienceinthepassage?A

A.ElectricfanB.RefrigeratorC.ElectriclightD.Washingmachine

49.Accordingtothepassage,whowerethefirstbeneficiariesoftechnologicaladvances?D

A.FarmwomenB.TheurbanpoorC.TheurbanmiddleclassD.Thewealthy

50.Whichofthefollowingbestcharacterizesthepassage'sorganization?A

A.AnalysisofaquotationB.Chronologicalnarrative

C.ExtendeddefinitionD.Comparisonandcontrast

PartIIITranslation(20points)

SectionA:TranslatethesentencesfromEnglishintoChinese.(10%)

51.InJapan'scapitalcityofTokyo,earthquakedangerlimitstheheightofbuilding.

在日本首都东京，地震的危险限制了建筑物的高度。

52.1becameuncomfortableandconfusedastowhytheywerebehavingthatway.

我对他们为什么那样做感到不安和困惑。

53.Thechildrenarejumpinginordertowarmup.

孩子们跳起来是为了热身。

54.Measureshavebeentakentostimulateindustrialandcommercialenterprises.

采取措施，鼓励工商企业发展。

55.One?theecologicalbalanceisupset,unimaginablesevereconsequenceswillberesulted.

一旦破坏生态平衡，就会造成难以想象的严重后果。

SectionB:TranslatethesentencesfromChineseintoEnglish.(10%)

56.与她所受的伤害相比，我的遭遇算不了什么