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试题名称:本科大学英语3
专业:年级:学号:姓名:分数:
I.VocabularyandStructure:(40Points)
SectionA:Thereare10incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,
CandD.ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence。。%)
1.Thetidesvary_C_themoon.A.atB.onC.withD.to
2.Everjoneblamesyou_B_acertainmistake.A.onB.forC.inD.against
3.Itisrudetopoint_D_someone.A.forB.atC.inD.on
4.Shearrangedapartytohelpputthestrangersattheir—A—.A.pleasureB.easeC.peaceD.delight
5.Hedecidedtosellhisfarmand_A_afreshstartinbusiness.A.openB.makeC.lakeD.break
6.Hewasalwaysattentive—A_myideas.A.toB.withC.onD.at
7.Shewasdeaf_A_hisrequesttodoherwork.A.ofB.toC.atD.on
8.Whenshefinallyarrivedsheapologized_D_solate.
A.thatshecameB.thatshewascomingC.forcomingD.tocome
9.Sheaddedthatifhehadtelephoneherbeforelunch,she_D_thebookthere.
A.tookB.wouldhavetakenC.wouldtakeD.wouldbetaking
10.Somehotelstaffspeak_C_English.A.littleB.smallC.fewD.scarcely
SectionB:Amongthefourchoicesbeloweachsentence,choosetheONEthatbestkeepsthemeaningofthe
originalsentenceifitissubstitutedfortheunderlinedwordorphrase.(10%)
11.TheonlysongsofficiallyapprovedbythePuritanswereverysimplehymns.D
A.originallyB.reluctantlyC.unanimouslyD.formally
12.Paroleisusuallygrantedtoprisonersasarewardforgoodconduct.A
A.paidtoB.ignoredbyC.giventoD.requestedby
13.ManyofEdithWharton'sbestchoiceswerecompletedundergreatpersonalstrain.A
A.povertyB.privacyC.resentmentD.tension
14.SomebotanistsfearthattheworldwidetransferofplantspeciesisthreateningtheEarth'sbiologicaldiversity.B
A.accidentalB.rapidC.illegalD.global
15.Inarithmetic,anumberstandsforthesizeofasetofthings.D
A.measuresB.estimatesC.cancelsD.represents
16.Theenvironmentalbalanceamongecologicalcommunitiesisexceedinglycomplex.D
A.successfullyB.moundsC.reservesD.very
17.TheMississippiRivercarriesgreatamounisoffinesandandsiltintotheGulfofMexico.D
A.collectionsB.discreetlyC.almostD.quantities
18.Oilcanbeconveyedbypipelinefromanoilregiontoarefinery.A
A.transportedB.filteredC.connectedD.diverted
19.Drybeansarcveryrichinproteinsandmaybeeatenasasubstituteformcat.C
A.atthesametimeasB.mixedupwithC.inplaceofD.inadditionto
20.TheuseofwildanimalsincircuseswasaninnovationfirstintroducedintheUnitedStates.D
A.numberB.programC.musicalspectacleD.newidea
SectionC:Pleasewriteouttheappropriateformofthefollowingwordsasrequested.(5%)
21.contribute_contribution_(名词)22.foundalion_found_(动词)23.solve_solution'名词)
24.traditiontraditional(形容词)25.recognizerecognition(名词)
SectionD:Thereare5statementsinthissection.Eachstatementconsistsof4underlinedpartsmarkedA,B,C
andD.PleasefindouttheOnepartthatiswronginandputtheletterontheanswersheet.(5%)
26.Theteacher'slectureonthehistorywasverylongandHenryfeltveryboring.
ABCDbored
27.Mr.Brownoftenworeaheavycoatbecausehewasn'tusedtoliveinsuchacoldclimate.
ABchadn'tbeenusedtoD
28.1neverdreamtoftheretobeachanceformetobesentabroadverysoon.
ABCbeingD
29.Wecandrawtheconclusionhowairhasweight.
ABCthatD
30.ThenexlimDorlanlquestionwhichwehavetodecideiswhalwehavetosubmit(heproposal.
ABCDwhether
SectionE:Completethefollowingsentenceswiththeproperformofthegivenwords.(10%)
interfere,case,getaround,shocked,away,betteroff,concern,confusion,bestuckwith,cover
31.MyEnglishexamisonlyaweek_away_andIhaven'tevenstartedtoprepare.
32.Theresultsoftheelectionareof—concern_tousall.
33.Thesellingpricebarely_covered_thecostoftherawmaterials.
34.Theysaythatit'seasyinthiscityto_getaround_bybusorbysubway.
35.1knowI'dbeenwarnedbutitwasstilla_cover_toseeherlooksoill.
36.Shedoesn'twanttoworkfull-time,il'sa_case_ofhavingto.
37.Shewasmuch_betteroff_whenshegotpromoted,andevenhadenoughmoneytobuyanewcar.
38.Sheseemstoregardanyadviceorhelpfromthemas_interference_.
39.Inthefactory,Jim_shocked_always_bestuckwith_thedirtywork.
40.Therewasaterrible_confusion_aseveryonestruggledmadlyinthedarktogetsomeair.
PartII.ReadingComprehension:Choosethebestanswerforeachofthefollowingquestion.(1()points)
SectionA:(5%)
Beforethemind-nineteenthcentury,peopleintheUnitedStatesatemostfoodsonlyinseason.Drying,smoking,
andsaltingcouldpreservemeatfbrashorttime,buttheavailabilityoffreshmeat,likethatoffreshmilks,wasvery
limited;therewasnowaytopreventspoilage.Butin1810aFrenchinventornamedNicolasAppertdevelopedthe
cooking-and-sealingprocessofcanning.Ancinthe1850'sanAmericannamedGailBordendevelopedameansof
condensingandpreservingmilk.Cannedgoodsandcondensedmilkbecamemorecommonduringthe1860's,but
suppliesremainedlowbecausecanshadtobemadebyhand.By1880,however,inventorshadfashionedstamping
andsolderingmachinesthatmass-producedcansfromtinplate.Suddenlyallkindsoffoodcouldbepreservedand
boughtatalltimesoftheyear.
OthertrendsandinventionshadalsohelpedmakeitpossibleforAmericanstovarytheirdailydiets.Growing
urbanpopulationscreateddemandthatencouragedfruitandvegetablefarmerstoraisemoreproduce.Railroad
refrigeratorcarsenabledgrowersandmeatpackerstoshipperishablestogreatdistancesandtopreservethemfbr
longerperiods.Thus,bythe1890's,northerncitydwellerscouldenjoysouthernandwesternstrawberries,grapesand
tomatoes,previouslyavailableforamonthatmost,oruptosixmonthsoftheyear.Inaddition,increaseduseof
iceboxesenabledfamiliestostoreperishables.Aneasymeansofproducingicecommerciallyhadbeeninventedinthe
1870's,andby1900thenationhadmorethantwothousandcommercialiceplants,mostofwhichmadehome
deliveries.Theiceboxbecameafixtureinmosthomesandremainedsountilthemechanizedrefrigeratorreplacedin
the1920*8and1930's.
Almosteveryonenowhadamorediversifieddiet.Somepeoplecontinuedtoeatmainlyfoodsthatwereheavyin
starchesorcarbohydrates,andnoteveryonecouldaffordmeat.Nevertheless,manyfamiliescouldtakeadvantagesof
prev沁uslyunavailablefruits,vegetables,anddairyproductstoachievemorevariedfare.
41.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?C
A.causesoffoodspoilageB.commercialproductionofice
C.InventionsthatledtochangesintheAmericandietD.Populationmovementsinthe19thcentury
42.Duringthe1860's,cannedfoodproductswere_A_.
A.unavailableinruralareasB.shippedinrefrigeratorcars
C.availableinlimitedquantitiesD.astaplepartoftheAmericandiet
43.Itcanbeinferredthatrailroadrefrigeratorcarscameintouse—B—.
A.before1860B.before1890C.after1900D.after1920
44.Theauthorimpliesthatinthe1920'sand1930*5homedeliveriesofice_A_.
A.decreasedinnumberB.wereonanirregularschedule
C.increasedincostD.occurredonlyinthesummer
45.WhichofthefollowingtypesoffoodpreservationwasNOTmentionedinthepassage?B
A.dryingB.canningC.coldstorageD.chemicaladditives
SectionB:(5%)
Bytheturnofthecentury,themiddle-classhomeinNorthAmericahadbeentransformed.uTheflowofindustry
haspassedandleftidletheloomintheattic,thesoapkettleintheshed",EllenRichardswrotein1908.Theurban
middleclasswasnowabletobuyawidearrayoffoodproductsandclothing-bakedgoods,cannedgoods,suits,shirts,
shoes,anddresses.Notonlyhadhouseholdproductionwaned,buttechnologicalimprovementswererapidlychanging
therestofdomesticwork.Middle-classhomeshadindoorrunningwaterandfurnaces,runonoil,coal,orgas,that
producedhotwater.Stoveswerefueledbygas,anddeliveryservicesprovidediceforrefrigerators.Electricpowerwas
availablelorlamps,sewingmachines,irons,andevenvacuumcleaners.Nodomestictaskwasunaffected.Commercial
laundries,forinstance,hadbeendoingthewashforurbanfamiliesfordecades;bytheearly1900*sthefirstelectric
washingmachineswereonthemarket.
Oneimpactofthenewhouseholdtechnologywastodrawsharpdividinglinesbetweenwomenofdifferent
classesandregions.Technologicaladvancesalwaysaffectedthehomesofthewealthyfirst,filteringdownwardinto
theurbanmiddleclass.Butwomenwholivedonfarmswerenotyetaffectedbyhouseholdimprovements.Throughout
the19lhcenturyandwellintothe20th,ruralhomeslackedrunningwaterandelectricpower.Farmwomenhadtohaul
largequantitiesofwaterintothehousefromwellsorpumpsfbreverypurpose.Doingthefamilylaundry,inlargevats
heatedoverstoves,continuedtobeafullday'swork,justascanningandpreservingcontinuedtobeseasonal
necessities.Heatwasprovidedbywoodorcoalstoves.Inaddition,ruralwomencontinuedtoproducemostoftheir
families'clothing.Theurbanpoor,similarly,reapedfewbenefitsfromhouseholdimprovements.Urbanslumssuchas
Chicago's19,hwardoftenhadnosewers,garbagecollection,orgasorelectriclines;andtenementslackedboth
runningwaterandcentralheating.Attheturnofthecentury,variationsinthenatureofwomen'sdomesticworkwere
probablymoremarkedthanatanytimebefore.
46.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?B
A.Thecreationoftheurbanmiddleclass.
B.Domssticworkattheturnofthecentury.
C.ThespreadofelectricalpowerintheUnitedStates.
D.OvercrowdinginAmericancities.C
47.Accordingtothepassage,whatkindoffuelwasusedinastoveinatypicalmiddle-classhousehold?
A.OilB.CoalC.GasD.Wood
48.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasahouseholdconvenienceinthepassage?A
A.ElectricfanB.RefrigeratorC.ElectriclightD.Washingmachine
49.Accordingtothepassage,whowerethefirstbeneficiariesoftechnologicaladvances?D
A.FarmwomenB.TheurbanpoorC.TheurbanmiddleclassD.Thewealthy
50.Whichofthefollowingbestcharacterizesthepassage'sorganization?A
A.AnalysisofaquotationB.Chronologicalnarrative
C.ExtendeddefinitionD.Comparisonandcontrast
PartIIITranslation(20points)
SectionA:TranslatethesentencesfromEnglishintoChinese.(10%)
51.InJapan'scapitalcityofTokyo,earthquakedangerlimitstheheightofbuilding.
在日本首都东京,地震的危险限制了建筑物的高度。
52.1becameuncomfortableandconfusedastowhytheywerebehavingthatway.
我对他们为什么那样做感到不安和困惑。
53.Thechildrenarejumpinginordertowarmup.
孩子们跳起来是为了热身。
54.Measureshavebeentakentostimulateindustrialandcommercialenterprises.
采取措施,鼓励工商企业发展。
55.One?theecologicalbalanceisupset,unimaginablesevereconsequenceswillberesulted.
一旦破坏生态平衡,就会造成难以想象的严重后果。
SectionB:TranslatethesentencesfromChineseintoEnglish.(10%)
56.与她所受的伤害相比,我的遭遇算不了什么
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