2021年高考英语考试大纲(全国卷)解读

2021年高考英语考试大纲（全国卷）最新解读

考核目标与要求

一、语言知识

要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题（见

附录1至附录5）,要求词汇量为3500左右。

【解读】语言知识主要是附录所列全部内容，多年无变化，但“稳中有变”。甚至高考出题

也可能超出附录的范围，比如2019年全国I卷61题，考查了同位语从句。即使超出附录的

范围，也是高中阶段学习常用结构。另外，高考对词汇的要求越来越高。不仅对词汇的要求

提高，对词汇的运用能力要求也大大提高。

二、语言运用

1.听力

要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题简短独白和对话。考生应能：

（1）理解主旨要义；

（2）获取具体的、事实性信息；

（3）对所听内容做出推断；

（4）理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。

【解读】第一节的五个小题主要考查考生理解简单的事实性信息和进行简单的推理判断和基

本计算的能力。第二节主要考查考生对语音材料的整体理解能力，要求考生能够理解对话或

独白的主旨和要义，获取事实性的具体信息，对对话的背景、说话者之间的关系等做出正确

的推理判断，理解说话者的意图、观点或态度等。听力部分的难度逐步上升，特别是词汇与

结构的要求逐步提高。但总的来说，只有平时保持一定量的听力训练，听力部分还是比较容

易得满分的。

2.阅读

要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，

并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能：

（1）理解主旨要义；

（2）理解文中具体信息：

（3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；

（4）做出判断和推理；

（5）理解文章的基本结构；

（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。

【解读】阅读理解能力的要求一直没有大的变化，四大题型，六个方面。选项设计也不可能

有大的变化。唯一的变化就是对词汇量的要求和对词汇运用能力的要求有了较大的提高。考

生只要培养好“积累意识”，能够做到天天积累，同时每天坚持一定量的阅读，注意解题方

法的培养，阅读理解部分就容易得高分。

3.写作

要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。考生应能：

(1)清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思；

(2)有效运用所学语言知识。

【解读】写作是语言运用能力四大方面之一，是语言的重要表现形式。高考对考生写作能力

的要求正在逐步提高，有些省市正在尝试多种写作能力考查形式，比如北京卷较早开始尝试

写作分为两部分，分值35分，特别是情景作文有特色；浙江卷也开始尝试写作分为两部分，

分值高达40分，特别是读后续写有特色。目前全国卷对写作部分要求是：要求考生不仅能

够根据不同应用文体进行谋篇布局，即书面表达篇章结构；而且要求考生既做到语言表达的

准确性，又做到语言表达的丰富性。因此考生一定要尽可能多的进行写作能力的培养。否则

书面表达很难得高分。

4.口语

要求考生根据提示进行口头表达。考生应能：

(1)询问或传递事实性信息，表达意思和想法；

2

(2)做到语音、语调自然；

(3)做到语言运用得体；

(4)使用有效的交际策略。

【解读】以前口语考试只是作为参考成绩供高校参考。今后口语考试将成为高考成绩的一部

分(估计10分)计入高考成绩。FI前口语考试正在部分省市试点，很快就会在全国正式实

施。这得益于科技的进步，因为目前的技术已经可以使用人机对话的方式对考生的口语水平

进行比较客观准确的评分。因此考生必须从学英语开始就要重视口语表达能力的培养。

附录1语音项目表

1.基本读音

(1)26个字母的读音

(2)元音字母在重读音节中的读音

(3)元音字母在轻读音节中的读音

(4)元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音

(5)常见的元音字母组合在轻读音节中的读音

(6)辅音字母组合的读音

(7)辅音连缀的读音

(8)成节音的读音

2.重音

(1)单词重音

(2)句子重音

3.读音的变化

(1)连读

(2)失去爆破

(3)弱读

(4)同化

4.语调与节奏

(1)意群与停顿

(2)语调

⑶节奏

5.语音、语调、重音、节奏等在口语交流中的运用

6.朗诵和演讲中的语音技巧

7.主要英语国家的英语语音差异

【解读】语音是语言的四大基本要素之一，掌握好英语语音对于听力和口语非常重要。而且

英国口音和美国口音都要熟悉。

附录2语法项目表

1.名词

(1)可数名词及其单复数

(2)不可数名词

(3)专有名词

(4)名词所有格

2.代词

(1)人称代词

(2)物主代词

(3)反身代词

(4)指示代词

⑸不定代词

(6)疑问代词

3.数词

⑴基数词

⑵序数词

4.介词和介词短语

5.连词

6.形容词(比较级和最高级)

7.副词(比较级和最高级)

8.冠词

9.动词

(1)动词的基本形式

(2)系动词

(3)及物动词和不及物动词

⑷助动词

(5)情态动词

10.时态

(1)一般现在时

(2)一般过去时

(3)一般将来时

(4)现在进行时

⑸过去进行时

(6)过去将来时

(7)将来进行时

(8)现在完成时

(9)过去完成时

(10)现在完成进行时

11.被动语态

12.非谓语动词

(1)动词不定式

⑵动词的

-ing形式

(3)动词的

-ed形式

13.构词法

(1)合成法

(2)派生法

⑶转化法

(4)缩写和简写

14.句子种类

⑴陈述句

⑵疑问句

⑶祈使句

(4)感叹句

15.句子成分

(1)主语

⑵谓语

(3)表语

⑷宾语

⑸定语

(6)状语

⑺补语

16.简单句的基本句型

17.主谓一致

18.并列复合句

19.主从复合句

(1)宾语从句

(2)状语从句

(3)定语从句

(4)主语从句

⑸表语从句

20.间接引语

21.省略

22.倒装

23.强调

24.虚拟语气

【解读】语法项目包含中学所学重要语法项目。也是英语所有语法项目绝大部分。这些语法

项目对语言知识的综合运用题型和写作特别重要。因此我们必须构建完整的语法体系，可以

用思维导图进行全面梳理。特别是句子结构分析是语法的核心，一定要做到理解与结构的完

美结合。

附录3功能意念项目表

1.社会交往(SocialCommunications)

(1)问候(Greetings)

(2)介绍(Introduction)

(3)告别(Farewells)

(4)感谢(Thanks)

(5)道歉(Apologies)

(6)邀请(Invitation)

(7)请求允许(Askingforpermission)

(8)祝愿和祝贺(Expressingwishesandcongratulations)

(9)提供帮助(Offeringhelp)

(10)接受和拒绝(Acceptanceandrefusal)

(11)约会(Makingappointments)

(12)打电话(Makingtelephonecalls)

(13)就餐(Havingmeals)

(14)就医(Seeingthedoctor)

(15)购物(Shopping)

(16)问路(Askingtheway)

(17)谈论天气(Talkingaboutweather)

(18)语言交际困难(Languagedifficultiesincommunication)

(19)提醒注意(Reminding)

(20)警告和禁止(Warningandprohibition)

(21)劝告(Advice)

(22)建议(Suggestions)

2.态度(Attitudes)

(23)同意和不同意(Agreementanddisagreement)

(24)喜欢和不喜欢(Likesanddisli<es)

(25)肯定和不肯定(Certaintyanduncertainty)

(26)可能和不可能(Possibilityandimpossibility)

(27)能够和不能够(Abilityandinability)

(28)偏爱和优先选择(Preference)

(29)意愿和打算(Intentionsandplans)

(30)希望和愿望(Hopesandwishes)

(31)表扬和鼓励(Praiseandencouragement)

(32)责备和抱怨(Blameandcomplaint)

(33)冷淡(Indifference)

(34)判断与评价(Judgementandevaluation)

3.情感(Emotions)

(35)高兴(Happiness)

(36)惊奇(Surprise)

(37)忧虑(Worries)

(38)安慰(Reassurance)

(39)满意(Satisfaction)

(40)遗憾(Regret)

(41)同情(Sympathy)

(42)恐惧(Fear)

(43)愤怒(Anger)

4.时间(Time)

(44)时亥ij(Pointoftime)

(45)时段(Duration)

(46)频度(Frequency)

(47)时序(Sequence)

5.空间(Space)

(48)位置(Position)

(49)方向(Direction)

(50)距离(Distance)

6.存在(Existence)

(51)存在与不存在(ExistenceandNon-existence)

7.特征(Features)

(52)形状(Shape)

(53)颜色(Colour)

(54)材料(Material)

(55)价格(Price)

(56)规格(Size)

(57)年龄(Age)

8.计量(Measurement)

(58)长度(Length)

(59)宽度(Width)

(60)高度(Height)

(61)数量(Number)

9.比较(Comparison)

(62)同级比较(Equalcomparison)

(63)差别比较(Comparativeandsuperlative)

(64)相似和差别(Similarityanddifference)

10.逻辑关系(Logicalrelations)

(65)原因和结果(Causeandeffect)

(66)目的(Purpose)

11.职业(Occupations)

(67)工作(Jobs)

(68)单位(Employer)

【解读】功能意念项目主要是针对听力和口语的考试范围，基本包含了我们生活中可能遇到

的各种语言环境。因此需要考生拓展生活体验，多了解东西方不同的语言文化背景，特别是

讲英语国家的文化背景。

附录4话题项目表

1.个人情况(Personalinformation)

2.家庭、朋友与周围的人(Family,friendsandpeoplearound)

3.周围的环境(Personalenvironments)

4.日常活动(Dailyroutines)

5.学校生活(Schoollife)

6.兴趣与爱好(Interestsandhobbies)

7.个人感情(Emotions)

8.人际关系(Interpersonalrelationships)

9.计划与愿望(Plansandintentions)

10.节假日活动(Festivals,holidaysandcelebrations)

11.购物(Shopping)

12.饮食(Foodanddrink)

13.健康(Health)

14.天气(Weather)

15.文娱与体育(Entertainmentandsports)

16.旅游和交通(Travelandtransport)

17.语言学习(Languagelearning)

18.自然(Nature)

19.世界与环境(Theworldandthsenvironment)

20.科普知识与现代技术(Popularscienceandmoderntechnology)

21.热点话题(Topicalissues)

22.历史与地理(Historyandgeography)

23.社会(Society)

24.文学与艺术(Literatureandart)

【解读】以上24个话题内容充分体现了《新课程标准》中英语学科核心素养的要求。特别

是三大主题语境——人与自我、人与自然、人与社会。因此考生必须扩展英语阅读范围，特

别是人文社会方面的内容。比如中国优秀传统文化、人类命运共同体、科学素养和人文关怀

等。

附录5词汇表

A

a(an)art

abandonv

abilityn

ablea

abnormala

aboardprep

abolishv

abortionn

【解读】词汇表只列出了词形和词性。这给高考出题留出了巨大的灵活空间。因此我们必须

对高考3500词的词义，比如熟词生义、一词多义等进行全面拓展，而且要放到文章语境中

去理解。同时还要尽可能的拓展词汇之间的联系，比如一个词的多种短语构成及同一短语的

不同含义，词与词的搭配等。

作者祝愿所有考生在高考中取得优异成绩！

A

a(an)art

abandonv

abilityn

ablea

abnormala

aboardprep

abolishv

abortionn

aboutad&prep

aboveprep,a&ad

abroadad

abrupta

absencen

absenta

absolutea

absorbv

abstracta&n

absurda

abundanta

abusev

academica&n

academyn

acceleratev

accentn

acceptv

accessn&v

accessiblea

accidentn

accommodationn

accompanyv

accomplishv

accountn

accountantn

accumulatev

accuracyn

accuratea

accusev

accustomeda

achev&n

achievev

achievementn

acida

acknowledgev

acquaintancen

acquirev

acquisitionn

acren

acrossprep

actn&v

actionn

activea

activityn

actorn

actressn

actuala

acutea

ADabbr

ad=advcrtiscmentn

adaptv

adaptationn

addv

addicteda

additionn

addressn

adequatea

adjustv

adjustmentn

administrationn

admirablea

admirev

admissionn

admitv

adolescencen

adolescenta&n

adoptv

adorev

adultn

advancev&n

advantagen

adventuren

advertisev

advertisementn

advicen

advisev

advocatev

affairn

affectv

affectionn

affordv

afraida

African

Africana&n

afterad,prep&conj

afternoonn

afterward(s)ad

againad

againstprep

agen

agencyn

agendan

agentn

aggressivea

agoad

agreev

agreementn

agriculturala

agriculturen

aheadad

aidn&v

AIDSn

aimn&v

airn

aircraftn

airlinen

airmailn

airplanen

airportn

airspacen

alarmn&v

albumn

alcoholn

alcoholica&n

algebran

alikead

alivea

allad,a&pron

allergica

alleyn

allocatev

allowv

allowancen

almostad

alonea

alongad&prep

alongsidead

aloudad

alphabetn

alreadyad

alsoad

alternativea

althoughconj

altituden

altogetherad

aluminium

(Amaluminum)n

alwaysad

amv(be)

a.m./am,A.M./AMabbr

amateura

amazev

amazinga

ambassadorn

ambassadressn

ambiguousa

ambitionn

ambulancen

American

amongprep

amountn&v

amplea

amusev

amusementn

analysev

analysisn

ancestorn

anchorv&n

ancienta

andconj

anecdoten

angern

anglen

angrya

animaln

anklen

anniversaryn

announcev

annoyv

annuala

anothera&pron

answern&v

antn

Antarctica

antiquen

anxietyn

anxiousa

anypron&a

anybodypron

anyhowad

anyonepron

anythingpron

anywayad

anywheread

apartad&a

apartmentn

apologizev

apologyn

apparenta

appealv&n

appearv

appearancen

appendixn

appetiten

applaudv&n

applen

applicantn

applicationn

applyv

appointv

appointmentn

appreciatev

appreciationn

approachn&v

appropriatea

approvaln

approvev

approximatelyad

apronn

arbitrarya

archn

architectn

architecturen

Arctica

arev(be)

arean

arguev

argumentn

arise(arose,arisen)v

arithmeticn

armn&v

armchairn

armyn

aroundad&prep

arrangev

arrangementn

arrestv

arrivaln

arrivev

arrown

artn

articlen

artificiala

artistn

asadzconj&prep

ashn

ashameda

Asian

Asiana&n

asidead

askv

asleepa

aspectn

assessv

assessmentn

assistv

assistancen

assistantn

associatev

associationn

assumev

assumptionn

astonishv

astronautn

astronomern

astronomyn

atprep

athleten

athletica

Atlantica

atmospheren

atomn

attachv

attackv&n

attainv

attemptv&n

attendv

attentionn

attituden

attractv

attractionn

attractivea

audiencen

auntn

authentica

authorn

authorityn

automatica

autonomousa

autumnn

availablea

avenuen

averagea&n

avoidv

awake(awoke,awoken)v&a

awardn

awarea

awayad

awesomea

awfula

awkwarda

B

babyn

bachelorn

backad,a&n

backgroundn

backward(s)ad

baconn

bacterium(plbacteria)n

bad(worse,worst)a

badmintonn

bagn

baggagen

bakeryn

balancen

balconyn

balln

balletn

balloonn

bamboon

bann&v

bananan

bandn

bandagen

bankn

barn

barbecuen

barbern

barbershopn

barea

bargainn&v

barkv&n

barriern

basen

baseballn

basementn

basica

basinn

basisn

basketn

basketballn

batn

bathn

bathev

bathroomn

bathtubn

batteryn

battlen

bayn

BCabbr

be(am,is,are,was,

were,being,been)v

beachn

beann

beancurdn

bearln

bear2v

beardn

beastn

beat(beat,beaten)v&n

beautifula

beautyn

becauseconj

become(became,become)v

bedn

beddingsn

bedroomn

bccn

beefn

beern

beforeprep,ad&conj

begv

beginfbegan,begun)v

behalfn

behavev

behaviour(Ambehavior)n

behindprep&ad

beingn

beliefn

believev

belln

bellyn

belongv

belowprep

beltn

benchn

bend(bent,bent)v

beneathprep

beneficiala

benefitn&v

benta&n

besideprep

besidesprep&ad

betrayv

betweenprep

beyondprep

bicyclen

bidv&n

biga

bike=bicyclen

billn

bingon

biochemistryn

biographyn

biologyn

birdn

birthn

birthdayn

birthplacen

biscuitn

bishopn

bitn

bite(bit,bitten)v

bittera

blacka&n

blackboardn

blamen&v

blankn&a

blanketn

bleedv

blessv

blinda

blockn&v

bloodn

blousen

blow(blew,blown)v

bluen&a

boardn&v

boatn

bodyn

boilv

bombn&v

bondn&v

bonen

bonusn

bookn&v

boomn&v

bootn

boothn

bordern

boreda

boringa

borna

borrowv

bossn

botanicala

botanyn

botha&pron

botherv

bottlen

bottomn

bouncev

bounda

boundaryn

bowv&n

bowln

bowlingn

boxn

boxingn

boyn

boycottv

brainn

braken&v

branchn

brandn

bravea

braveryn

breadn

break(broke,broken)v&n

breakfastn

breakthroughn

breastn

breathn

breathev

breathlessa

breweryn

brickn

briden

bridegroomn

bridgen

briefa

brighta

brillianta

bring(brought,brought)v

broada

broadcastfbroadcast,

broadcast或-ed,-ed)v

brochuren

brokena

broomn

brothern

brownn&a

brunchn

brushv&n

Buddhismn

budgetn

buffetn

build(builtbuilt)v

buildingn

bunchn

bungalown

burdenn

bureaucratica

burglarn

burn(burnt,burnt

或-ed,-ed)v&n

burstv

buryv

busn

bushn

businessn

businessman/woman

(plbusinessmen/women)n

busya

butconj&prep

butchern&v

buttern

butterflyn

buttonn&v

buy(bought/bought)v

byprep

byeint

C

cabn

cabbagen

cafen

cafeterian

cagen

caken

calculatev

calln&v

calma&v

cameln

cameran

campn&v

campaignn

canl

(could);

can/t=cannotmodalv

can2n

canaln

cancelv

cancern

candidaten

candlen

candyn

canteenn

capn

capitaln

capsulen

captainn

captionn

carn

carbonn

cardn

caren&v

carefula

carelessa

carpentern

carpetn

carriagen

carriern

carrotn

carryv

cartoonn

carvev

casen

cashn&v

cassetten

cast(cast,cast)v

castlen

casuala

catn

cataloguen

catastrophen

catchfcaughtcaught)v

categoryn

caterv

Catholica

cattlen

causen&v

cautionn

cautiousa

caven

CD=compactdiskn

ceilingn

celebratev

celebrationn

celln

centn

centigradea

centimetre

(Amcentimeter)n

centrala

centrefAmcenter)n

centuryn

ceremonyn

certaina

certificaten

chainn

chairn

chairman/woman

(plchairmen/women)n

chalkn

challengen

challenginga

championn

chancen

changen&v

changeablea

channeln

chantv&n

chaosn

chaptern

charactern

characteristica&n

21

chargev&n

chartn

chatn&v

cheapa

cheatn&

checkn&v

cheekn

cheern&v

cheerfula

cheersint

cheesen

chefn

chemicala&n

chemistn

chemistryn

cheque(Arr)check)n

chessn

chestn

chewv

chickenn

chiefa&n

child(plchildren)n

childhoodn

chocolaten

choicen

choirn

choken&v

choose(chose/chosen)v

chopsticksn

chorusn

Christiann

Christmasn

churchn

cigarn

cigaretten

cineman

circlen&v

circuitn

circulatev

circumstancen

circusn

citizenn

cityn

civila

civiliann

civilizationn

clapv

clarifyv

classn

classica

classifyv

classmaten

classroomn

clawn

clayn

cleanv&a

cleanern

cleara

clerkn

clevera

clickv

climaten

climbv

clinicn

clockn

clonev

closea&ad

clothn

clothesn

clothingn

cloudn

cloudya

clubn

clumsya

coachn

coaln

coastn

coatn

cocoan

coffeen

coinn

coincidencen

coken

colda&n

collarn

colleaguen

collectv

collectionn

collegen

collisionn

colour(Amcolor)n&v

combn&v

combinev

come(came/come)v

comedyn

comfortn

comfortablea

commandn&v

commentn

commerciala

commitv

commitmentn

committeen

commona

communicatev

communicationn

communismn

communistn&a

companionn

companyn

comparev

compassn

compensatev

competev

competencen

competitionn

completea&v

complexa&n

componentn

compositionn

comprehensionn

compromisev

compulsorya

computern

23

concentratev

conceptn

concernv&n

concertn

concludev

conclusionn

concretea

condemnv

conditionn

conductv

conductorn

conferencen

confidenta

confidentiala

confirmv

conflictn

confusev

congratulatev

congratulationn

connectv

connectionn

consciencen

consensusn

consequencen

conservationn

conservativea

considerv

consideratea

considerationn

consistv

consistenta

constanta

constitutionn

constructv

constructionn

consultv

consultantn

consumev

containv

containern

contemporarya

contentln

content?a

continentn

continuev

contradictv

contradictorya

contraryn&a

contributev

contributionn

controlv&n

controversiala

conveniencen

convenienta

conventionala

conversationn

conveyv

convincev

cookn&v

cookern

cookien

coola

copyn&v

cornn

cornern

corporationn

correctv&a

correctionn

correspondv

corrupta&v

costn&v

cosy(Amcozy)a

cottagen

cottonn&a

coughn&v

couldmodalv

countv

countern

countryn

countrysiden

couplen

couragen

coursen

courtn

courtyardn

cousinn

covern&v

cown

crashv&n

crayonn

crazya

creamn

createv

creaturen

creditn

crewn

crimen

criminaln

criterion(plcriteria)n

cropn

crossn&v

crossingn

crossroadsn

crowdn&v

cruela

cryn&v

cuben

cubica

cuisinen

culturen

cupn

cupboardn

curen&v

curiousa

currencyn

curriculumn

curtainn

cushionn

customn

customern

customsn

cut(cut,cut)v&n

cyclev

cyclistn

D

dad=daddyn

dailya,ad&n

damn

damagen&v

dampa&n

dancen&v

dangern

dangerousa

darev&modalv

darka&n

darknessn

dashv&n

datan

databasen

daten&v

daughtern

dawnn

dayn

deada

deadlinen

deafa

dealn

deara

deathn

debaten&v

debtn

decaden

decidev

decisionn

declarev

declinev

decoratev

decorationn

decreasev

deedn

deepa&ad

deern

defeatv

defence(Amdefense)n

defendv

degreen

delayn&v

deletev&n

deliberatelyad

delicatea

deliciousa

delightn

delighteda

deliverv

demandv

dentistn

department(Dept.)n

departuren

dependv

depositv&n

depthn

describev

descriptionn

desertv&n

deservev

delicatea

deliciousa

delightn

delighteda

deliverv

demandv

dentistn

department(Dept.)n

departuren

dependv

depositv&n

depthn

describev

descriptionn

desertv&n

deservev

26

designv&n

desirev&n

deskn

desperatea

dessertn

destinationn

destroyv

detectiven

determinev

developv

developmentn

devotev

devotionn

diagramn

dialv

dialogue(Amdialog)n

diamondn

diaryn

dictationn

dictionaryn

diev

dietn

differv

differencen

differenta

difficulta

difficultyn

dig(dug,dug)v

digestv

digitala

dignityn

dilemman

dimensionn

dinnern

dinosaurn

dioxiden

dipv

diploman

directa&v

directionn

directorn

directoryn

dirtya

disabilityn

disableda

disadvantagen

disagreev

disagreementn

disappearv

disappointv

disappointeda

disastern

discountn

discouragev

discoverv

discoveryn

discriminationn

discussv

discussionn

diseasen

disgustinga

dishn

27

disk=discn

dislikev

dismissv

distancen

distanta

distinctionn

distinguishv

distributev

districtn

disturbv

disturbinga

divev

diversea

dividev

divisionn

divorcev

dizzya

do(did,done)v

doctorn

documentn

dogn

dolln

dollarn

donatev

doorn

dormitory(dorm)n

dotn

doublea&n

doubtn&v

downprep&ad

downloadnav

downstairsad

downtownadzn&a

dozenn

Dr=doctorn

dra代n&v

dragv

draw(drew,drawn)v

drawbackn

drawern

dreamfdream^dreamt

或-ed,-ed)n&v

dressn&v

drilln&v

drink(drank,drunk)v

drive(drove,driven)v

drivern

dropn&v

drugn

drumn

drunka

dryv&a

duckn

duea

dulla

dumplingn

duringprep

duskn

dustn

dustbinn

dustya

dutyn

28

DVD=digitalversatilediskn

dynamica

dynastyn

E

eacha&pron

eagera

eaglen

earn

earlya&ad

earnv

earthn

earthquaken

easta,ad&n

Eastern

easterna

easya

eat(ate,eaten)v

ecologyn

edgen

editionn

editorn

educatev

educationn

educatorn

effectn

effortn

eggn

eggplantn

eithera,conj&ad

eldern

electv

electrica

electricala

electricityn

electronica

eleganta

elephantn

elsead

e-mailn&v

embarrassv

embassyn

emergencyn

emperorn

employv

emptya

encouragev

encouragementn

endn&v

endingn

endlessa

enemyn

energetica

energyn

enginen

engineern

enjoyv

enjoyablea

enlargev

enoughpron,a&ad

enquiryn

enterv

29

enterprisen

entertainmentn

enthusiastica

entirea

entrancen

entryn

envelopen

environmentn

envyv&n

equala&v

equalityn

equipv

equipmentn

erasern

errorn

eruptv

escapen&v

especiallyad

essayn

Europen

Europeana&n

evaluatev

evenad

eveningn

eventn

eventuallyad

everad

everya

everybodypron

everydaya

everyonepron

everythingpron

everywheread

evidencen

evidenta

evolutionn

exacta

exam=examinationn

examinev

examplen

excellenta

exceptprep

exchangen&v

excitev

excusen&v

exercisen&v

exhibitionn

existv

existencen

exitn

expandv

expectv

expectationn

expensen

expensivea

experiencen

experimentn

expertn

explainv

explanationn

explicita

explodev

explorev

exportn&v

exposev

expressv&n

expressionn

extensionn

extraa

extraordinarya

extremea

eyen

eyesightn

F

facen&v

faciala

factn

factoryn

fadev

failv&n

failuren

fairla

fair2n

faithn

falll

(fell,fallen)v

fall2

(Am)=autumnn

falsea

familiara

familyn

famousa

fann

fancyn,v&a

fantastica

fantasyn

far(farther;farthest

或further,furthest)a&ad

faren

farmn

farmern

fasta&ad

fastenv

fatn&a

fathern

faultn

favour(Amfavor)n

favourite(Amfavorite)a&n

faxn&v

fearn

feastn

feathern

federala

feen

feed(fed,fed)v

feel(fclt,fclt)v

feelingn

fellown

femalea&n

fencen

ferryn

festivaln&a

fetchv

fevern

fewpron&a

31

fibre(Amfiber)n

fictionn

fieldn

fiercea

fightffoughtjought)n&v

figuren&v

filen

fillv

filmn&v

finala

financen

find(found,found)v

finela

fine2v

fingern

fingernailn

finishv&n

firen&v

fireworksn

firmln

firm2a

fishn&v

fishermann

fistn

fita&v

fixv

flagn

flamen

flashn

flashlightn

flatla

flat2n

flee(fledzfled)v

fleshn

flexiblea

flightn

floatv

floodn&v

floorn

flourn

flowv

flowern

flun

fluencyn

fluenta

flyl

(flewjlown)v

fly2n

focusv&n

fogn

foggya

foldv

folkn&a

followv

fonda

foodn

fooln&v

foolisha

foot(plfeet)n

footballn

forprep&conj

forbid(forbade,forbidden)v

forcev

32

forecastn&v

foreheadn

foreigna

foreignern

foresee(foresaw,foreseen)v

forestn

foreverad

forget(forgot,forgot/forgotten)v

forgetfula

forgive(forgave,forgiven)v

forkn

formn&v

formatn

formera

fortnightn

fortunatea

fortunen

forwardad

fosterv

foundv

fountainn

foxn

fragilea

fragranta

frameworkn

francn

freea

freedomn

freewayn

freeze(froze,frozen)v

freezinga

frequenta

fresha

frictionn

fridge=refrigeratorn

friendn

friendlya

friendshipn

frightenv

frogn

fromprep

fronta&n

frontiern

frostn

fruitn

fryv

fueln

fulla

funn&a

functionn&v

fundamentala

funeraln

funnya

furn

furnisheda

furnituren

futuren

G

gainv

galleryn

gallonn

33

gamen

garagen

garbagen

gardenn

garlicn

garmentn

gasn

gaten

gatherv

gaya

generala&n

generationn

generousa

gentlea

gentlemann

geographyn

geometryn

gesturen

get(gotzgot)v

giftn

gifteda

giraffen

girln

give(gave,given)v

glada

glancev

glarev

glassn

globen

gloryn

gloven

gluen

go(went,gone)v

goaln

goatn

godn

goldn&a

goldena

golfn

good(bcttcr,bcst)a

goodsn

goose(plgeese)n

governv

governmentn

graden

graduala

graduatev

graduationn

grainn

gramn

grammarn

granda

grandchildn

granddaughtern

grandma=grandmothern

grandpa=grandfathern

grandparentsn

grandsonn

grannyn

grapen

graphn

graspv

34

grassn

gratefula

gravityn

greata&ad

greedya

greena&n

greengrocern

greetv

greetingn

grey(Amgray)a

grilln

grocern

groceryn

groundn

groupn

grow(grew,grown)v

growthn

guaranteev

guardn

guessv

guestn

guidancen

guiden

guiltya

guitarn

gunn

gym=gymnasiumn

gymnasticsn

H

habitn

hairn

haircutn

halfa&n

halln

hamn

hamburgern

hammern

handn&v

handbagn

handfuln

handkerchiefn

handlen&v

handsomea

handwritingn

handya

hang(hung,hung或-ed,-ed)v

happenv

happinessn

happya

harbour(Amharbor)n

hardad&a

hardlyad

hardshipn

hardworkinga

harmn&v

harmfula

harmonyn

harvestn&v

hatn

hatchv

hatev&n

35

have(has,had,had)v

hepron

headn&v

headachen

headlinen

headmastern

headmistressn

healthn

healthya

hear(heard,heard)v

hearingn

heartn

heatn

heavenn

heavya

heeln

heightn

helicoptern

helloint

helmetn

helpn&v

helpfula

henn

herpron

herbn

heread

heron

herspron

herselfpron

hesitatev

hiint

hide(hid,hidden)v

higha&ad

highwayn

hilln

himpron

himselfpron

hirev

hispron

historyn

hit(hit,hit)v&n

hobbyn

hold(held,held)v

holen

holidayn

holya

homen&ad

homelandn

hometownn

homeworkn

honesta

honeyn

honour(Amhonor)n&v

hookn&v

hopen&v

hopefula

hopelessa

horriblea

horsen

hospitaln

hostn&v

hostessn

36

hota

hotdogn

hoteln

hourn

housen

housewifen

houseworkn

howad

howeverad&conj

howlv

hugv

hugea

humana&n

humanbeingn

humorousa

humour(Amhumor)n

hungern

hungrya

huntv

huntern

hurricanen

hurryv

hurt(hurt,hurt)v

husbandn

hydrogenn

I

Ipron

iccn

ice-creamn

idean

identityn

identificationn

idiomn

ifconj

ignorev

illa

illegala

illnessn

imaginev

immediatelyad

immigrationn

importv&n

importancen

importanta

impossiblea

impressv

impressionn

improvev

inprep&ad

inchn

incidentn

includev

incomen

increasev&n

indeeda

independencen

independenta

indicatev

industryn

influencen&v

informv

37

informationn

initiala

injurev

injuryn

inkn

innn

innocenta

insectn

insertv

insideprep&ad

insistv

inspectv

inspirev

instanta

insteadad

instituten

institutionn

instructv

instructionn

instrumentn

insurancen

insurev

intelligencen

intendv

intentionn

interestn

interestinga

internationala

Internetn

interpretern

interruptv

intervaln

interviewn&v

intoprep

introducev

introductionn

inventv

inventionn

invitationn

invitev

ironn&v

irrigationn

isv(be)

islandn

itpron

itspron

itselfpron

J

jacketn

jamn

jarn

jawn

jazzn

jeansn

jeepn

jetn

jewellery(Amjewelry)n

jobn

jogv

joinv

joken

38

journalistn

journeyn

joyn

judgen&v

judgement

(Amjudgment)n

juicen

jumpn&v

junglen

juniora

justa&ad

justicen

K

kangaroon

keep(kept,kept)v

kettlen

keyn

keyboardn

kickv&n

kidn

killv

kilon

kilogramn

kilometre(Amkilometer)n

kindln

kind2a

kindergartenn

kindnessn

kingn

kingdomn

kissn&v

kitchenn

kiten

kneen

knifefplknives)n

knockn&v

know(knev^known)v

knowledgen

L

lab=laboratoryn

labour(Amlabor)n

lackn&v

ladyn

laken

lambn

lamea

lampn

landn&v

languagen

lanternn

lapn

largea

lasta&v

latea&ad

lattern

laughn&v

laughtern

laundryn

lawn

lawyern

39

lay(laidjaid)v

lazya

lead(ledjed)v&n

leadern

leaf(plleaves)n

leaguen

leakv

learnflearntjearnt

或-ed,-ed)v

leastn

leathern

leave(leftjeft)v

lecturen

lefta,ad&n

legn

legala

lemonn&a

lemonaden

lcnd(lcntjcnt)v

lengthn

lessonn

let(letjet)v

lettern

leveln

liberationn

libertyn

librariann

libraryn

licensen

lidn

lieln&v

Iie2

(layjain)v

life(pllives)n

liftv&n

lightn,v&a

lightningn

likev&prep

likelya

limitv

linen&v

linkv&n

lionn

lipn

liquidn&a

listn&v

listenv

literaturen

literarya

litre(Amliter)n

litterv

little(lessjeast)a

livev&a

livelya

loadn

loafn

locala

lockn&v

lonelya

longa&ad

lookn&v

loosea

lorryn

lose(lostjost)v

lossn

lotn

louda

loungen

loven&v

lovelya

lowa&ad

luckn

luckya

luggagen

lunchn

lungn

M

machinen

mada

madam/madamen

magazinen

magica

maidn

mailn&v

mailboxn

maina

mainlandn

majora

majorityn

makeln

make2

(made,made)v

malea&n

man(plmen)n

managev

managern

mankindn

mannern

manyfmore^ost)pron&a

mapn

maplen

marathonn

marblen

marchn&

markn&v

marketn

marriagen

marryv

maskn&v

massn

masterv&n

matn

matchv&n

materialn

mathematics

=math/mathsn

mattern&v

maturea

maximuma&n

maymodalv

ma