黑龙江省七台河市第一中学2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题含解析

PAGE30-黑龙江省七台河市第一中学2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）答题时间：120分钟满分：150分第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）AVolunteerOpportunitiesforYoungAdultsWhenyougiveback——tootherslessfortunateorinneedofspecialhelp,youwilldefinitelyfeelgoodaboutyourselfandtheworld.Ifyouhaveawishtobepersonallyconnectedtothecharityororganizationwhereyouaregivingyourtimeandmoney,herearesomevolunteeropportunities.★WatsiFoundedbyChaseAdamsafterabusrideinCostaRicain2011,Watsiisadigitallyfocusedheathnonprofitforyoungadults.Watsioffersreal-timetrackingofwheremoneydonatedgoes,frombasicmedicalservicestosurgeries.★PencilsofPromisePencilsofPromisewasfoundedbyAdamBrauninOctober2008.Itisanon-profitorganizationthatputsallofitstimeandfundsintoeducationinthedevelopingworld.PencilsofPromiseencouragestheirdonorstoconnectwithotherstoincreasedonation.Allthedonationwillbeusedtobuildschools,providesuppliesandtrainteachersinpoorandundereducatedcountries.★ProjectLinusEverywhereyouseeyoungmenandwomenknittingandcrocheting(钩).Theyareusingthoseskillstomakeblanketsforchildreninneed.Foundedin1995,inDenver,Colorado,ProjectLinusisannon-profitorganization.Itsgoalistoprovidewarmthandsafetythroughblanketstochildrenacrossthenationinneed.TheorganizationisnowledbyCarolBabbitwiththeheadquartersinNormal,IL.★GirlsontheRunGirlsontheRunwassetupin1996inCharlotte,NorthCarolina,withateamof13bravegirls.ProgramfounderMollyBarkerstruggledinherownlife,andcametorealizethatarunningprogramgaveher“respectformybodyandallthethingsitcando”.GirlsontheRunisavolunteeropportunityforteachingyounggirlsaboutthebenefitsofrunning.1.Whichorganizationhasexistedforabout9years?A.Watsi. B.PencilsofPromise.C.ProjectLinus. D.GirlsontheRun.2.HowdoesPencilsofPromisehelptheworld?A.Itsellspencilstopoorstudents. B.Itfocusesonchildren'shealth.C.Itprovidessocialmediaforpoorkids. D.Ithelpsincreaseeducationalopportunities.3.WhichisrightaboutProjectLinus?A.ItwassetupbyCarolBabbit. B.Itsgoalistoteachchildrenhowtoknit.C.Itsuppliesblanketstokidsinneed. D.It'sanall-femaleorganization.4.WhosetupGirlsontheRun?A.ChaseAdams. B.MollyBarker.C.CarolBabbit D.AdamBraun【答案】1.A2.D3.C4.B【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章向想做志愿者的读者列出了四个慈善机构，并介绍了四个机构的创建时间，主要的目标和运行的业务。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章其次段“FoundedbyChaseAdamsafterabusrideinCostaRicain2011,Watsiisdigitallyfocusedhealthnonprofitforyoungadults.”可知2011年，由ChaseAdams在哥斯达黎加乘坐公共汽车后创立了Watsi，是面对年轻人的数字化健康非盈利组织。由此可知，2011年创建，如今是2024年，存在将近九年时间。所以是Watsi存在时间将近九年，故选A。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章第三段“PencilsofPromise：Itisanon-profitorganizationthatputsallofitstimeandfundsintoeducationinthedevelopingworld.”可知，它是一个盈利性组织，将全部的时间和资金投入到发展中国家的教化中。由此可知，PencilsofPromise将盈利的资金用于帮助发展中国家建立学校等，由此可知，这帮助增加了孩子们的教化机会。故选D。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章第四段“ProjectLinus：Theyareusingthoseskillstomakeblanketsforchildreninneed.Itsgoalistoprovidewarmthandsafetythroughblanketstochildrenacrossthenationinneed.”（他们正利用这些技能为有须要的儿童制作毛毯。它的目标是通过毯子为全国有须要的儿童供应温温煦平安。）由此可知，ProjectLinus这个组织为须要帮助的孩子们供应毯子。故选C。【4题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章最终一段“ProgramfounderMollyBarker”（项目创始人MollyBarker）由此可知，MollyBarker是项目创始人，所以是她建立了GirlsontheRun。故选B。BForcenturies,peoplehavemovedtoandlivedincities.Theseurbancentresareplacestofindwork,friendsandfun.It'snosurprisethattheycontinuetogrowasmoreandmorepeoplefloodinhopingtomakethemostofthechancestheyofferbutaddingtothecongestionandpollutionthatalreadyexist.AccordingtoareportbytheUnitedNations,54percentoftheworld'spopulationlivesinurbanareasanditpredictsthatby2050,thisfigurewillhaveincreasedtoaround70percent.Butasmoreandmorepeoplemovefromthecountrysidetothecitytogetbetterchances,theycanendupwithnowheretolive.ThisistrueinplacessuchasRiodeJaneiro,wherethepeoplefromthecountrysidecan'trentorbuyahome,andtheyendupbuildingtheirowncommunitiesandhousesonunoccupiedland.Thesearecalledshantytowns—poorcommunitieswherethehousesarebuiltoutofcheapmaterials—andoftendon'thaveanyelectricityorwatersupply.Theseare,ofcourse,notthefuturecitieswewanttosee.Someseriousurbanplanningisneededtomakeourcitiesofthefuturegood,safeandmodernplacestolivein.Thisinvolvesimprovingthehousingconditions,thechancesforeducationandemploymentandsoon.Somethingurbanplannersarelookingatnowisthecreationof“smartcities”.AccordingtoJohnRossant,founderandchairmanofthenon-profitorganisationNewCitiesFoundation,technologyisthewayforward.Hethinksthatit'sgenerallyacceptedthat“cloudcomputing,ubiquitousInternet,robust5Gnetworksetc,willchangeourcities”.Hesaystechnologyisreally“agamechanger”inurbanization(城市化).Itwouldcollectlargeamountsofdataabouthowacityisworkingandmayimprovehowacityfunctions.5.Whywillalargerpopulationbelivinginacityby2050?A.Becausethegovernmentencouragesthedevelopmentofcities.B.Becausemorepeoplewillhavemorechildren.C.Becausethecountrysidewilldisappear.D.Becausemorepeoplewillmoveintothecitytogetmoregoodopportunities6.Whatcanweknowaboutshantytowns?A.Theyhavegoodqualityhousingbuiltforpoorpeople.B.Theyarefilledwithpeoplelivingunderpoverty.C.Theyarebuiltbythegovernment.D.Theyaredevelopedandmodern.7.Whatnameisgiventoacitythatusestechnologytohelpitfunctionproperly?A.Traditionalcities. B.Futurecities.C.Smartcities. D.Developingcities【答案】5.D6.B7.C【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文中分析了城市人口越来越多的缘由及造成的问题，指出了将来城市发展的方向。【5题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段Theseurbancentresareplacestofindwork,friendsandfun.It'snosurprisethattheycontinuetogrowasmoreandmorepeoplefloodinhopingtomakethemostofthechancestheyoffer…可知人们认为城市是找寻工作、找寻挚友和乐趣的地方。越来越多的人涌入城市，是希望最大限度地利用城市供应的机会，因此到2050年城市人口将大大增加。故选D。【6题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段Thesearecalledshantytowns—poorcommunitieswherethehousesarebuiltoutofcheapmaterials—andoftendon'thaveanyelectricityorwatersupply.可知棚户区是用廉价材料建立房屋的贫困社区，这里通常没有水电供应，即棚户区里挤满了贫困的人们。故选B。【7题详解】细微环节理解题。依据最终一段Somethingurbanplannersarelookingatnowisthecreationof“smartcities”.……technologyisthewayforward.Hethinksthatit'sgenerallyacceptedthat“cloudcomputing,ubiquitousInternet,robust5Gnetworksetc,willchangeourcities”.可知城市规划者现在关注的是“智能城市”的创建，在智能城市中技术是前进的方向，高科技将变更城市，即运用科技帮助其正常运转的城市就是“智能城市”——smartcities。故选C。【点睛】细微环节理解题详细方法与步骤如下：1.略读材料，也许了解原文，驾驭中心或主旨。本文分析了城市人口越来越多的缘由及造成的问题，指出了将来城市发展的方向。2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如forexample,first,second…等预料应当到何处找寻自己所须要的事实。3.将精力放在找寻你所须要的细微环节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细微环节出处，待找到含细微环节句子时，放慢速度，细致核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题1依据第一段Theseurbancentresareplacestofindwork,friendsandfun.It'snosurprisethattheycontinuetogrowasmoreandmorepeoplefloodinhopingtomakethemostofthechancestheyoffer…可知人们认为城市是找寻工作、找寻挚友和乐趣的地方。越来越多的人涌入城市，是希望最大限度地利用城市供应的机会，因此到2050年城市人口将大大增加。故选D。CBreathingdirtyaircancostsomeone'slifespan(寿命)months—evenyears,anewstudyfinds.Worldwide,airpollutionlowersaveragelifespansbyayear.ScientistssharedtheirnewfindingsinEnvironmentalScience&TechnologyLetters.Airpollutionhasbeenlinkedtomanyhealthproblems.Mostearlierstudieshaslookedathowtinyairpollutantsaffectedratesofillnessordeath.Butnowanenvironmentalscientist,JoshuaApte,isgoingevenfurther.HeworksattheUniversityofTexas,Austin.Hetogetherwithhisteamislookingatlifeexpectancy,hopingtomakethethreateasiertounderstand.PM2.5iswhatscientistscalltinyparticlesofpollutionintheair.HigherlevelsofPM2.5cancausehealthproblemsandcutmonths,ifnotyears,fromtheaveragelifespan.Thisanalysisshowshowpollutionaffectslifeexpectancyindifferentpartsoftheworld.TheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)recommendslimitingPM2.5to10micrograms(微克)percubic(立方)meterofair.Apte'sgroupuseddatatotrytofindhowthislowlevelwouldhelppeople.ButmeetingtheWHOstandardwon'tgetridofhealthdamagefromdirtyair.That'sbecauseevenbelow10microgramspercubicmeterpollutionstillcauseshugerisks.Reducingairpollutioncouldincreaselifeexpectancy.Thescientistsalsocomparedhowotherthreatsshortenlifespansacrosstheglobe.Theseriskfactorsincludedsmokingandcancer.Theseresultsshowthatinpoorcountries,cleaningupdirtyaircouldgreatlyincreaselifespans.Itcouldhaveasbiganeffectascleaningupdrinkingwater,orcuringlungcancer.However,inwealthiercountriesairpollutionshortenslifeexpectancybylessthanhalfayear.Allformsofcancer,infact,shortentheaveragelifeexpectancybymorethan3.5years.“Knowingthiscanreallyhelppeople,orpolicymakers,decidewheretospendtheirmoney,”saysKirkSmith.8.WhatisJoshuaApte'steamtryingtodo?A.Letpeopleunderstandairpollutionbetter. B.Knowhowsmallairpollutantsare.C.Studythelifeexpectancyofdifferentpeople. D.Studymanydifferenthealthyproblems.9.WhatwillhappenifonecountrylimitsPM2.5to10microgramspercubemeters?A.Itspeoplewillliveahealthylife. B.Itsairisveryclean.C.ItwillgetaprizefromWHO. D.Itstillhaspollutionrisks.10.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Canceristheleadingkillerinallkindsofdiseases.B.It'sveryhardtocleanupdirtyairinashorttime.C.Thestudywillhelpdifferentcountriestakedifferentpolicies.D.Reducingairpollutioncanincreaseallpeople'slifespansmuch.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheEffectofCancerIsWorsethanDirtyAirB.AirPollutionIsShorteningLivesWorldwideC.ManyFactorsAreAffectingPeople'sHealthD.GovernmentsAreTryingtoMakeLifeSpanLong【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了空气污染会缩短人类寿命的科学理论。【8题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段关键句“Hetogetherwithhisteamislookingatlifeexpectancy,hopingtomakethethreateasiertounderstand.”可知，JoshuaApte的团队希望让人们更简单地，更好地理解空气污染给他们带来的威逼。故选A项。【9题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第四段关键句“TheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)recommendslimitingPM2.5to10micrograms(微克)percubic(立方)meterofair.”可知，WHO建议将空气中的PM2.5含量限制在每立方米10微克。再依据本段句子“ButmeetingtheWHOstandardwon'tgetridofhealthdamagefromdirtyair.”可知，即使满意了这一标准，人们也无法摆脱脏空气对健康的损害，也就是仍旧存在着污染的风险。故选D项。【10题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段关键句“Theseresultsshowthatinpoorcountries,cleaningupdirtyaircouldgreatlyincreaselifespans.”可知，在贫困的国家，削减空气污染能够很大程度上增加寿命。再依据句子“However,inwealthiercountriesairpollutionshortenslifeexpectancybylessthanhalfayear.Allformsofcancer,infact,shortentheaveragelifeexpectancybymorethan3.5years.”可知，在更富有的国家，削减空气污染对健康的影响没有贫困的国家大，而各种癌症对人们寿命的影响更大。可知，不同国家的状况是不同的。依据句子“Knowingthiscanreallyhelppeople,orpolicymakers,decidewheretospendtheirmoney”可知，这个探讨成果可以帮助不同国际依据国情制定不同的政策。故选C项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。依据文章内容和第一段主旨句“Breathingdirtyaircancostsomeone'slifespan(寿命)months—evenyears,anewstudyfinds.”可知，文章主要阐述的是在全世界范围内，空气污染会缩短人类寿命的科学理论。故选B项。DOncewhenIwasfacingadecisionthatinvolvedhighrisk,Iwenttoafriend.Helookedatmeforamoment,andthenwroteasentencecontainingthebestadviceI’veeverhad:Beboldandbraveandmighty(强大的)forceswillcometoyourhelp.ThosewordsmademeseeclearlythatwhenIhadfallenshortinthepast,itwasseldombecauseIhadtriedandfailed.ItwasusuallybecauseIhadletfearoffailurestopmefromtryingatall.Ontheotherhand,wheneverIhadjumpedintodeepwater,forcedbycourageorcircumstance(环境),IhadalwaysbeenabletoswimuntilIgotmyfeetonthegroundagain.Boldnessmeansadecisiontobite(咬)offmorethanyoucaneat.Andthereisnothingmysteriousaboutthemightyforces.Theyareinnerpowerswehave:energy,skill,soundjudgment,creativeideas––evenphysicalstrengthgreaterthanmostofusrealize.Admittedly,thosemightyforcesarespiritualones.Buttheyaremoreimportantthanphysicalones.Acollegeclassmateofmine,Tim,wasanexcellentfootballplayer,eventhoughheweighedmuchlessthantheaverageplayer.“InonegameIsuddenlyfoundmyselffacingahugeplayer,whohadnothingbutmebetweenhimandourgoalline,”saidTim.“IwassofrightenedthatIclosedmyeyesandcrazilythrewmyselfatthatguylikeabullet(子弹)––andstoppedhimcold.”Boldness—-awillingnesstogetyourselftotheextreme—isnotonethatcanbegainedovernight.Butitcanbetaughttochildrenanddevelopedinadults.Confidencebuildsup.Surely,therewillbesetbacks(挫折)anddisappointmentsinlife;boldnessinitselfisnoguarantee(保证)ofsuccess.Butthepersonwhotriestodosomethingandfailsisalotbetteroffthanthepersonwhotriestodonothingandsucceeds.So,alwaystrytolivealittlebitbeyondyourabilities—andyou’llfindyourabilitiesaregreaterthanyoueverdreamed.12.Whywastheauthorsometimesunabletoreachhisgoalinthepast?A.Hefacedhugerisks. B.Fearpreventedhimfromtrying.C.Helackedmightyforces. D.Failureblockedhiswaytosuccess.13.WhatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedpartinParagraph3?A.Swallowmorethanyoucandigest. B.Developmoremysteriouspowers.C.Actslightlyaboveyourabilities. D.Learntomakecreativedecisions.14.WhatwasespeciallyimportantforTim’ssuccessfuldefenseinthefootballgame?A.Hisspiritualforce. B.Hisbasicskill.C.Hisrealfear. D.Hisphysicalstrength.15.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toadvisepeopletodevelopmoreabilities.B.Toadvisepeopletobuildupphysicalpower.C.Totellpeoplethewaystoguaranteesuccess.D.Toencouragepeopletobecourageous.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者通过挚友的建议告知读者，要英勇地去尝试自己没有把握的事情，我们的实力比我们想象的还要大。【12题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段ItwasusuallybecauseIhadletfearoffailurestopmefromtryingatall.可知，作者过去没有实现目标通常都是因为胆怯 失败而没有去尝试，故选B。【13题详解】语句理解题。依据本段下文内容Andthereisnothingmysteriousaboutthemightyforces．Theyarepotentialpowerswepossess：energy，skill，soundjudgment可知，我们都有比自己意识到的更大的潜在力气，甚至包括体力，由此可推断出此处指"要做略微超出你的实力的事情"，故选C。【14题详解】推理推断题。第四段Admittedly,thosemightyforcesarespiritualones.Buttheyaremoreimportantthanphysicalones.不行否认，那些强大的力气是精神上的，这比身体的力气还要重要。然后列举了Tom的例子就是说明白精神的力气比身体上的更重要，所以精神力气对Tom的胜利很重要，故选A。【15题详解】目的意图题。依据文章最终一段So,alwaystrytolivealittlebitbeyondyourabilities—andyou’llfindyourabilitiesaregreaterthanyoueverdreamed.可知，作者建议读者去尝试略微超出自己实力的事情，这样就会发觉自己的实力比想象中的还大，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是激励人们更英勇，故选D。其次节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Mostpeoplewillhavetousepubictransportationatsomepoint,sotakethetimetolearnpropermanners.Don'tbeoneofthosepeoplewholeaveotherpassengerscomplaining.Followbasictrafficrules.___16___Thisincludeshallways,stairwells,andotherareaswherethereisaconstantflowoffoottraffic.Ifyoumustpasssomeone,trytodoitontheleft,asyouwouldinacar.Beconsiderateofanyonewhoisdisabledorhasaserviceanimal.Watchyourbelongings.Notonlydoyouneedtoprotectyourbelongings,butyoualsoneedtoprotectothersfromyourbagsandbackpacks.Removeyourbackpackfromyourbacksothatwhenyouturnaround,youdon'tknocksomeoneover.Youshouldneverplaceabagontheseatnexttoyouwhenyouareonacrowdedbusortrain.Putitonthefloor.___17___Holddownthenoise.Don’tinflict(使吃苦头)yournoiseonothers___18___Don’thavelongcellphoneconversationsuntilyoureachyourstop.Ifyoumustlistentomusic,wearearbudsandkeepthevolumelowenoughsothatonlyyoucanhearit.____19____Doyourbesttomakesureothersdon'thavetodealwithsmellscomingfromyou.Youcanweardeodorant(除臭剂)toremoveorhideunpleasantsmells,butdon'tputontoomuchheavyperfumebeforegettingonacrowdedtrain.___20___Don’tbringunsealedfoodanddrinkonpublictransportation.Smellstravelinsmallspaces.Youalsoriskspillingandcausingadangerousenvironmentwherepeoplemayslipandfall.A.Watchoverenvironment.B.Learnpoliciesaboutwearingfragrance.C.Youshouldstaytotherightasmuchaspossible.D.Thisincludesloudtalking,electronics,andsinging.E.Alwaysshowgoodmannerswhileridingpublictransportation.F.Ifyoudon'twantittogetdirty,placeitonyourlapsootherscansit.G.Youwillnotonlymakesomepeoplefeeluncomfortable,buttheymayalsobeallergictoit.【答案】16.C17.F18.D19.A20.G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章中作者向大家介绍了几个乘坐公共交通时应留意的礼节。它们分别是：遵循基本的交通规定；留意自己的东西；降低噪音；照管好周边的环境。【16题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理推断实力。本段的小标题Followbasictrafficrules.“遵循基本的交通规则”，可知本段主要是关于基本的交通规则，且下文Thisincludeshallways,stairwells,andotherareaswherethereisaconstantflowoffoottraffic.“这包括走廊，楼梯井，和其他有固定步行人流的地方”可知此处主要是讲步行时应遵循的规则，结合常识可知步行时应当是靠右。故C选项“Youshouldstaytotherightasmuchaspossible.”（你应当尽可能靠右。）符合上下文语境，故选C。【17题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理推断实力。本段的小标题Watchyourbelongings.“留意你带的东西”，可知本段主要是关于如何安放自己所带的东西，上文Youshouldneverplaceabagontheseatnexttoyouwhenyouareonacrowdedbusortrain.Putitonthefloor.（当你在拥挤的公交车和火车上的时候，你不要把你的包袱放在邻座。把它放在地板上。）接下来F选项提到了如何安放包袱，故F选项“Ifyoudon'twantittogetdirty,placeitonyourlapsootherscansit.”(假如你不想把它弄脏，把它放在你腿上，这样别人也可以坐下。)符合上下文语境，故选F。【18题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理推断实力。本段的小标题Holddownthenoise.“降低噪音”，可知本段主要是关于在公共交通工具上，要尽量降低噪音。前句Don’tinflict(使吃苦头)yournoiseonothers（不要让别人吃你制造噪音的苦头），接下来应当是说明或列举各种噪音现象，D选项中的this指的是noise，故D选项“Thisincludesloudtalking,electronics,andsinging.”（这包括大声说话，电子设备和唱歌。）符合上下文语境，故选D。【19题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理推断实力。本段的小标题Watchoverenvironment.“照管好周边的环境”，可知本段主要是关于照管好周边的环境。本文以上出现的小标题都是祈使句，且结合后文Youalsoriskspillingandcausingadangerousenvironmentwherepeoplemayslipandfall.可知本段应当是关于公共交通工具上的环境问题，故A选项“Watchoverenvironment.”（照管好周边环境）符合上下文语境，故选A。【20题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理推断实力。上文Don’tbringunsealedfoodanddrinkonpublictransportation.（不要在公共交通工具上携带未封装的食物和饮料。）以及Youalsoriskspillingandcausingadangerousenvironmentwherepeoplemayslipandfall.（你也有把饮料洒了的可能，并造成滑倒的危急。）可知前面讲带未封装的食物和饮料的危急，接下来也应当是讲相关问题。故G选项Youwillnotonlymakesomepeoplefeeluncomfortable,buttheymayalsobeallergictoit.“你不仅会让一些人感到不舒适，而且他们也可能对其过敏。”符合上下文语境，故选G。【点睛】七选五做题技巧1.词语复现显神功上下文与主题相关的词语通常会以原词、同义词、近义词、同根词或同范畴词等形式在上下文中重复出现。如第4小题线索是词汇复现。本段的小标题Watchoverenvironment.“照管好周边的环境”，可知本段主要是关于照管好周边的环境。本文以上出现的小标题都是祈使句，且结合后文Youalsoriskspillingandcausingadangerousenvironmentwherepeoplemayslipandfall.可知本段应当是关于公共交通工具上的环境问题，故A选项“Watchoverenvironment.”（照管好周边环境）符合上下文语境，故选A。值得留意的是，有的题利用词语复现解题特别管用，但这并不意味着凡与上句或下句有复现词的选项就肯定是正确选项，只是正确的可能性更大，在解题过程中需重点考虑或优选考虑而已。是否为正确答案，还得将含复现词的选项代入原文，看该选项与上下文是否真的连接，只有上下连接紧密的才是正确选项。2.逻辑关系很重要语言表达是依据肯定的逻辑关系绽开的。依据句与句之间的同义、反义、并列、转折、因果等逻辑关系可以推断出语篇的连接。3.代词亦管用七选五就是考查上下文之间的连接，而代词是语篇连接的重要手段之一，故解题中要擅长利用这一连接手段。如第3小题，是代词指代线索。本段的小标题Holddownthenoise.“降低噪音”，可知本段主要是关于在公共交通工具上要尽量降低噪音。前句Don’tinflict(使吃苦头)yournoiseonothers（不要让别人吃你制造噪音的苦头），接下来应当是说明或列举各种噪音现象，D选项中的this指的是noise，故D选项“Thisincludesloudtalking,electronics,andsinging.”（这包括大声说话，电子设备和唱歌。）符合上下文语境，故选D。其次部分：英语学问运用（共三节满分40分）第一节：完形填空（每小题1.5分，共20小题，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项ABCD中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答案上将该项涂黑。SantaClausmightnotberealformostpeople.ButforonekidSantaClausis100%realandevenbringshim___21___everyyear.Mr.Hussain___22___tobewalkingpastahouseinhislocalareain2013___23___ayoungboynamedAlfieshouted“Santa”.Notwantingto___24___theyoungboy,Mr.HussaingavehimsomemoneyandthatstartedafriendshipwhichseesHussain___25___Alfieeveryyeartogivehimgifts.He___26___nowcomeoverontheirbirthdays.Alfie's___27___,TracyAshford-Rose,toldBuzzFeedNewsthatChristmaswouldn'tbethe___28___withoutavisitfrom“Santa”.Shesaidthatshe___29___“mylittleAlfieshoutingoutforme,‘Look?It'sFatherChristmas!'”“Hussaingotthree____30____awayandcamebacktoknockonmydoor;hesaidhecouldn'tlivewithoutgivingagiftbecausemylittleboy____31____hewasFatherChristmas,”Ashford-Rosecontinued.“Thiswasfouryearsago,andwestill____32____giftstoeachother.HecomestoseeAlfieandmydaughterHayleyontheirbirthdaysandgivesgifts.Andheneverforgetsthe____33____.“Wenow____34____himGrandadChristmas.Weseehimthroughouttheyear.He____35____Alfie'shandandhugshim.”AmandaTaylor-Smithisaprofessional____36____andthefamily'sformerneighbour.ShewasatAlfie'shousewhenHussaindroppedinlastSunday,andshe____37____theheart-warmingstoryonFacebook.Irarelygeta____38____inmyeyewhenItakephotos,butthatguyjust____39____itforme.IthoughtIhadtotellthat____40____,”shetoldBuzzFeedNews.21.A.talents B.pleasure C.hope D.gifts22.A.proved B.claimed C.intended D.happened23.A.while B.before C.when D.until24.A.disappoint B.puzzle C.frighten D.terrify25.A.lookoutfor B.payavisitto C.payattentionto D.getaround26.A.so B.even C.still D.just27.A.father B.uncle C.mother D.grandpa28.A.same B.only C.opposite D.likely29.A.imagines B.reminds C.figures D.remembers30.A.caves B.routes C.houses D.offices31A.thought B.pretended C.replied D.demanded32.A.measure B.expect C.experience D.exchange33.A.dates B.scene C.promise D.deal34.A.make B.call C.take D.describe35.A.trembles B.shakes C.shoots D.spreads36.A.director B.coach C.photographer D.adviser37.A.wrote B.invented C.told D.shared38.A.tear B.pain C.light D.test39.A.performed B.did C.arrested D.worked40.A.lie B.truth C.story D.event【答案】21.D22.D23.C24.A25.B26.B27.C28.A29.D30.C31.A32.D33.A34.B35.B36.C37.D38.A39.B40.C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了一个名为Alfie的小男孩把Hussain先生当作成圣诞老人，而Hussain先生为了不让他悲观，没有拆穿，而是起先了和Alfie与他家人的一段友情。Hussain先生每年都会给Alfie送礼物，甚至生日也来探望他们。Alfie的邻居在Facebook上共享了这个故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但对一个孩子来说，圣诞老人是100%真实的，甚至每年都给他送礼物。A.talents才能；B.pleasure欢乐；C.hope希望；D.gifts礼物。依据其次段中Alfieeveryyeartogivehimgifts可知男孩每年都会受到“圣诞老人”送他的礼物。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2013年，Hussain先生碰巧在路过当地的一所房子时，突然一个名叫Alfie的小男孩大叫“圣诞老人”。A.proved证明；B.claimed声称；C.intended准备；D.happened发生。此处考查短语happento表示“碰巧”。故选D。【23题详解】考查连接词辨析。句意：2013年，Hussain先生碰巧在路过当地的一所房子时，突然一个名叫Alfie的小男孩大叫“圣诞老人”。A.while在……期间；B.before在……之前；C.when当……时候；D.until直到。此处为固定句型sb.bedoingsth.when…表示“某人正在做某事，突然……”。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了不让小男孩悲观，Hussain先生给了他一些钱，这就起先了一段友情，Hussain每年都去探望Alfie，给他送礼物。A.disappoint使悲观；B.puzzle使困惑；C.frighten使胆怯 ；D.terrify恐吓。Alfie把Hussain先生错认成了圣诞老人，而Hussain为了不让他悲观，就给他了一些钱。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了不让小男孩悲观，Hussain先生给了他一些钱，这就起先了一段友情，Hussain每年都去探望Alfie，给他送礼物。A.lookoutfor留心；B.payavisitto探望，参观；C.payattentionto留意；D.getaround到处走走。结合后文Alfieeveryyeartogivehimgifts可知Hussain每年都去探望Alfie，给他送礼物。故选B。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他现在甚至还会在他们生日的时候过来。A.so所以；B.even甚至；C.still仍旧；D.just只是。此处表示程度的递进，圣诞老人原来是圣诞节才来，结果Hussain甚至会在过生日的时候来探望他们。故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Alfie的母亲TracyAshford-Rose告知BuzzFeed新闻，假如没有“圣诞老人”的来访，圣诞节就不会一样了。A.father父亲；B.uncle叔叔；C.mother母亲；D.grandpa爷爷。结合后文Shesaidthatshe…mylittleAlfie可推想TracyAshford-Rose是Alfie的母亲。故选C。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Alfie的母亲TracyAshford-Rose告知BuzzFeed新闻，假如没有“圣诞老人”的来访，圣诞节就不会一样了。A.same相同的；B.only唯一的；C.opposite相反的；D.likely可能的。结合后文withoutavisitfrom“Santa”.可知没有Hussain“圣诞老人”的来访，圣诞节就不会一样（same）了。故选A。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说她记得“我的小Alfie喊着我，‘看！这是圣诞老人!’”A.imagines想象；B.reminds提示；C.figures计算；D.remembers记得。结合后文“mylittleAlfieshoutingoutforme,‘Look?It'sFatherChristmas!'”可知是TracyAshford-Rose在回忆Alfie让自己看圣诞老人的事情。她记得“我的小Alfie喊着我，‘看！这是圣诞老人!’”故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“Hussain跑了三幢房子，回来敲我的门；他说他不能不送礼物，因为我的小儿子把他当成了圣诞老人。”A.caves洞窟；B.routes路途；C.houses房子；D.offices办公室。结合上文可知Hussain是到Alfie家里来探望他们一家人，此处用houses更符合语境。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“Hussain跑了三幢房子，回来敲我的门；他说他不能不送礼物，因为我的小儿子把他当成了圣诞老人。”A.thought认为；B.pretended假装；C.replied回答；D.demanded要求。依据其次段中ayoungboynamedAlfieshouted“Santa”.可知Alfie认为（thought）Hussain是圣诞老人。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是四年前的事了，我们仍旧相互交换礼物。A.measure测量；B.expect期盼；C.experience经验；D.exchange交换。结合后文giftstoeachother.可知此处指交换礼物。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：而且他从来不会遗忘日期。A.dates日期；B.scene场面；C.promise承诺；D.deal交易。依据上文HecomestoseeAlfieandmydaughterHayleyontheirbirthdaysandgivesgifts.可知Hussain会在Alfie和Hayley过生日时来送礼物，而且从来不会遗忘他们生日的日期。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们现在叫他“圣诞爷爷”。A.make制作；B.call称呼，呼叫；C.take带走；D.describe描述。结合后文himGrandadChristmas可知是指称呼Hussain“圣诞爷爷”。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他握着Alfie的手，拥抱他。A.trembles颤抖；B.shakes摇摆；C.shoots射击；D.spreads传播。依据后文Alfie'shandandhugshim.可知是握着Alfie的手，拥抱他。shakehand“握手”。故选B。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：AmandaTaylor-Smith是一名专业摄影师，也是这家人的前邻居。A.director主任；B.coach教练；C.photographer摄影师；D.adviser顾问。依据下一段中whenItakephotos可知AmandaTaylor-Smith是一名摄影师。故选C。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：上周日，当Hussain顺道探望Alfie时，她正在Alfie的家里，她在Facebook上共享了这个暖和人心的故事。A.wrote写；B.invented独创；C.told告知；D.shared共享。依据后文theheart-warmingstoryonFacebook可知是指在Facebook上共享了这个暖和人心的故事。故选D。38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我拍照的时候很少流泪，但那个家伙就是让我流泪了。我想我必需讲这个故事，”她告知BuzzFeed新闻。A.tear眼泪；B.pain苦痛；C.light灯光；D.test测试。依据后文inmyeye可推知是指Hussain和Alfie的故事让人流泪。故选A。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我拍照的时候很少流泪，但那个家伙就是做到让我流泪了。我想我必需讲这个故事，”她告知BuzzFeed新闻。A.performed表演；B.did做；C.arrested逮捕；D.worked工作。上文提到AmandaTaylor-Smith在拍照时很少流泪，但是Hussain的确做到了让她流泪。故选B。40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我拍照的时候很少流泪，但那个家伙就是让我流泪了。我想我必需讲这个故事，”她告知BuzzFeed新闻。A.lie谎言；B.truth真相；C.story故事；D.event事务。依据上一段中theheart-warmingstoryonFacebook可知AmandaTaylor-Smith在Facebook讲了这个暖和人心的故事。故选C。其次节单项填空(共10小题；每小题l分，满分l0分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。41.Aftertheclock_____twelve,thestudentswalkedoutofthelectureroom.A.beat B.hit C.struck D.rang【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：钟敲了十二下后，学生们走出了讲堂。A.beat表示“连续地打或拍”，尤指用木棍或其它较硬的东西打有“殴打、击败”之意。B.hit表示“有目标地打”，着重“打击”某一点。C.strike表示突然地、一次性地“打；击”，留下印记等，指急速地或突然地用力打击或敲击。D.ring指响铃，发出铃声。此处指钟表指针的敲击用strike，此处是过去时。故选C。42.AsIheldmyfather’shandsonenight,Icouldn’thelpbut______theirroughness.A.noticing B.notice C.tonotice D.noticed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查固定句型。句意：一天晚上，当我握着父亲的手时，我不由得留意到它们的粗糙。本句涉及到固定句型“can’thelpbutdo”，意为“不得不做某事，不由得做某事”，but后要接动词原形，故应用notice。故选B项。【点睛】本题句子为一般过去时，但空格处为固定搭配。在做题时要留意识别出句子中包含的固定短语，这时会涉及到一些固定用法，不要误选为notice的过去式。43.Idon’tlikeyouspeaktoher.A.theway B.thewayinthatC.thewaywhich D.thewayofwhich【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我不喜爱你和她说话的方式。先行词是theway时，定语从句用inwhich/that或是不用关系代词。故选A。点睛：考查定语从句一要看先行词，而要看从句的成分，假如缺少主宾表，要用that或which但先行词是theway的时候比较特别，要特别对待。44.Themanwassentencedtoprisonforfiveyearsbecausehehad_____somen