山西省2025届高三英语下学期二模试题含解析

PAGEPAGE23山西省2025届高三英语下学期二模试题（含解析）本试卷采纳闭卷、笔试形式。试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。第一部分听力（略）其次部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ADayTrip:VanGoghAliveatTheDaliMuseumIfyou’veeverwonderedwhatit’sliketostepinsideanartisticmasterpiece,VanGoghAliveatTheDaliinSt.Peteisamust-doexperience.TheDaliisthefirstmuseuminNorthAmericatohostthishillyimmersive(浸入式)artexperience.Readonforallthedetails,ondisplaythroughJune21,2024.KNOWBEFOREYOUGOBookyourtimedticketandyourtimedentryatinadvance.ThisincludesDalimembers,outofconcernforsocialdistance.Facemaskwearingisrequired.NEWHOURSATTHEDALIOpen10:00a.m.—6:00p.m.dailyanduntil8:00p.m.onThursdaysandFridays.AdmissionishalfoffonThursdaynights.DOWNLOADTHEAPPTheDalihasafantasticappworthdownloading,whichtakesyouonadeeperdiveabouttheartyou’llexperienceandmoreabouttheartisthimself.You’llalsogettheaugmentedreality(AR)experiencewithDali’sworks,too.THEEXHIBITTheexhibithasthreeareas—there’sasmalleropenroom,alargeropengallery,andlyinginbetweenisabedroomsizedroom.Youaresurroundedbyenormousscreensonthewallandevenafewonthefloor.High-definitionprojections(高清投影)ofhispaintingslike‘Sunflowers’and‘starryNight’.sketches,andevenquotespulledfromthenumerouslettershewroteduringhislifetimefillthegiantscreensonthewallsandfloor,makingyoufeelasifyou’vesteppedinsideVanGogh’smasterpieces.Inaway,youhave.It’snotjusttheimages,butthesoundthatmakesthisamulti-sensoryexperience.TheclassicalmusicsoundtrackofVanGoghAlivehelpsbringtheworkstolifebytuggingatyourheartstrings,connectingyoutothemisterpiecesinawayyou’veprobablyneverfeltbefore.1.Whoisthetextintendedfor?A.VanGoghArtlovers. B.FansofDaliArt.C.Museumworkingstaff. D.Photographyenthusiasts.2.Whatareyourequiredtodoifyouplantovisittheexhibit?A.DownloadtheDaliapp. B.Bookedtimedticketsonline.C.Wearfacemasksandgloves. D.Learnabouttheartistinadvance.3.Whatisthepurposeofthelastpartofthetext?A.Toadvertisemorecomingexhibits.B.Tointroduceauniqueexperience.C.Totellaboutthelifeofanartisticgenius.D.Topresentdetailsofsomemasterpiece.【答案】1.A2.B3.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲解并描述有关去梵高博物馆参观的一些留意事项。1题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段“Ifyou’veeverwonderedwhatit’sliketostepinsideanartisticmasterpiece,VanGoghAliveatTheDaliinSt.Peteisamust-doexperience.TheDaliisthefirstmuseuminNorthAmericatohostthishillyimmersive(浸入式)artexperience.（假如你想知道走进一幅艺术杰作是什么感觉，圣彼得的VanGoghAliveatTheDali是一个必去的体验。Dali博物馆是北美第一个举办这种山地沉醉式艺术体验的博物馆。）”以及文章内容可知，文章主要讲解并描述有关去梵高博物馆参观的一些留意事项，所以这篇文章主要是为酷爱梵高艺术的人写的。故选A项。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据“KNOWBEFOREYOUGO”部分的第一句话“Bookyourtimedticketandyourtimedentryatinadvance.（提前在上预订您的计时门票和计时入条。）”可知，是一个网站，假如要去看展览，须要在网上预订计时门票。故选B项。【3题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段“It’snotjusttheimages,butthesoundthatmakesthisamulti-sensoryexperience.（不仅仅是图像，还有声音，使这成为一种多感官的体验。）”可知，文章的最终一部分主要为了介绍一种独特的体验。故选B项。BHewasanoldmanwhofishedaloneinasmallboatintheGulfStreamandhehadgoneeighty-fourdaysnowwithouttakingafish.Inthefirstfortydaysaboyhadbeenwithhim.Butafterfortydayswithoutafishtheboy’sparentshadtoldhimthattheoldmanwasnowdefinitelyandfinallysalao,whichistheworstformofunluck,andtheboyhadgoneattheirordersinanotherboatwhichcaughtthreegoodfishthefirstweek.Itmadetheboysadtoseetheoldmancomeineachdaywithhisboatemptyandhealwayswentdowntohelpcarryeitherthefishinglinesorthespear.Thesailwasoldand,rolled,itlookedliketheflagofpermanentdefeat.Theoldmanwasverythinwithdeepwrinklesinthebackofhisneck.Thebrownspotsoftheskincancerthesunbringsfromitsreflectiononthetropicseawereonhischeeks.Thespotsranwelldownthesidesofhisfaceandhishandshadthedeepscarfromhandlingheavyfishonthethickropes.Butnoneofthesescarswerefresh.Theywereasoldaserosions(侵蚀)inafishlessdesert.Everythingabouthimwasoldexcepthiseyesandtheywerethesamecolorastheseaandwerecheerfulandundefeated.“Santiago,”theboysaidtohimastheyclimbedthebankfromwheretheboatwaspulledup.“Icouldgowithyouagain.We’vemadesomemoney.”Theoldmanhadtaughttheboytofishandtheboylovedhim.:“No,”theoldmansaid.“You’rewithaluckyboat.Staywiththem,”“Butrememberhowyouwenteighty-sevendayswithoutfishandthenwecaughtbigoneseverydayforthreeweeks.“Iremember,”theoldmansaid.“Iknowyoudidnotleavemebecauseyoudoubted.”4.Whydidtheboyleavetheoldman?A.Hefeltextremelydisappointed. B.Hemissedhisparents.C.Hehadtoobeyhisparents. D.Hewantedtocatchfish.5.Whatcanwelearnabouttheoldmaninparagraph2?A.Hewaseasy-goingandtalkative.B.Hewasheart-brokenandhelpless.C.Hewasugly-lookingbutwarm-hearted.D.Hewasweather-beatenbutstrong-willed.6.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredaccordingtothedialogue?A.Theoldmandislikedtheboy.B.Theoldmandistrustedtheboy.C.Theboydoubtedabouttheoldman.D.Theboyhadfaithintheoldman.7.Whattypeofwritingistrueofthepassage?A.Narration B.Argumentation C.Description D.Exposition【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章节选自小说《老人与海》，该节选部分主要讲解并描述由于老人长时间没有钓到鱼，跟随他的小男孩虽然对他满怀信念，可还是在父母的要求下离开了他，并且还有对老人外貌形象的描述，说明老人是一位饱经风霜但是意志坚决的人。【4题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段“Butafterfortydayswithoutafishtheboy’sparentshadtoldhimthattheoldmanwasnowdefinitelyandfinallysalao,whichistheworstformofunluck,andtheboyhadgoneattheirordersinanotherboatwhichcaughtthreegoodfishthefirstweek.(可是四十天后还没有钓到一条鱼，孩子的父母告知他，老人现在确定是倒霉透顶了。于是，孩子听从他们的叮嘱，上了另一条船，那条船第一周就钓到了三条好鱼)”可知，小男孩是听了他父母的支配所以离开了老人。故选C项。【5题详解】推理推断题。从其次段“Thebrownspotsoftheskincancerthesunbringsfromitsreflectiononthetropicseawereonhischeeks.Thespotsranwelldownthesidesofhisfaceandhishandshadthedeepscarfromhandlingheavyfishonthethickropes.(他的脸颊上长着由热带海洋的阳光反射而来的皮肤癌棕色斑点。伤疤从他的脸的两侧始终延长下去，他的双手也留下了用粗绳钓大鱼时留下的深深的伤疤)”中老人的外貌描写来看，老人是饱经风霜的；从其次段最终一句“Everythingabouthimwasoldexcepthiseyesandtheywerethesamecolorastheseaandwerecheerfulandundefeated.(他身上的一切都显得苍老了，除了那双眼睛，它们像大海一样蓝，是开心的，永不气馁的)”可知，老人虽然苍老，但是意志坚决，永不气馁。所以D选项“Hewasweather-beatenbutstrong-willed.(他饱经风霜，但意志坚毅)”最能概括老人的形象。故选D项。【6题详解】推理推断题。依据对话中小男孩的表达“Icouldgowithyouagain.We’vemadesomemoney.(我可以再和你一起去。我们赚了一些钱)”和“Butrememberhowyouwenteighty-sevendayswithoutfishandthenwecaughtbigoneseverydayforthreeweeks.(但是你记得吗？你有八十七天没有钓到鱼，然后一连三个星期每天都钓到大鱼)”以及老人的表述“Iknowyoudidnotleavemebecauseyoudoubted.(我知道你不是因为怀疑才离开我的)”都可以看出，小男孩对老人是充溢信念的。故选D项。【7题详解】推理推断题。文章第一段主要讲解并描述小男孩因为老人钓不到鱼在父母的支配下离开了老人，其次段主要是对老人外貌和形象的描写，后面几段主要是老人和小男孩的对话。所以可以看出，这篇文章是记叙文。故选A项。CIftherehadtobeafatherofhandwashinginhistory,itwouldbeIgnazSemmelweis.WhileworkingatViennaGeneralhospital,theHungariandoctor,facedwithasituationinwhichmaternaldeath(孕产妇死亡)inhospitalsweresignificantlyhigherthanlocalclinics,triedhardcluesastowhy.Germs(细菌)wereyettobediscovered,anditwasstillbelievedinthe1840sthatdiseasewasspreadbybadsmellsintheair.Soitdidn’tseemaproblemthattraineedoctorshangingoutoflabstodissect(解剖)humanbodieswouldpopuptothematernityward(产房)todeliverababywithoutwashingtheirhands.Thenanaccidentalfingercutbyaknifeduringadissectioncausedadoctortodie,seeminglyofthesamesignthemothershadbeengetting.Semmelweisassumedthatsomethingfromthedeadbodieswastoblame,whichmight,throughthehandsofdoctors,maketheirwayintowomen’sbodiesduringchildbirth.Totesthistheory,heordereddoctorstowashtheirhandsandinstrumentsinsomechlorinesolution.Asaresult,thedeathratefornewmothersdroppedtoabout1percent,comparedwiththatofashighas18percentbeforetheexperiment.However,hefacedgreatresistance,andmetasadend.Peopleatthattimedidn’tthinkofthemselvesassortofwalkingPetridishes.Andthemajorityofdoctorsthenwerefrommiddle-orupper-classfamilies,andthoughtofthemselvesasverycleanpeople.Overthenext40years,abetterunderstandingofgermsdeveloped,andattitudestohygiene(卫生)graduallyshifted.In1876,theGermanscientistRobertKochdiscoveredtheanthraxbacillus(炭疽),kickingoffthenewresearchfieldofmedicalbacteriology.Manymoregermswerelateridentified.Surgeonsstartedtotakehandwashingseriously.Bythe1890sandintotheearly1900s,handwashingmovedfrombeingsomethingdoctorsdidtosomethingeverybodyhadbeentoldtodo.8.Whatwasthesituationlikeinthe1840s?A.Germsmighthavebeendiscoveredthen.B.Womensufferedfromdeliveringbabiesthen.C.Theairatthattimewasdirtyandfullofviruses.D.Peoplewereunawareofhowdiseasewasspread.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Solution”probablymean?A.Liquid. B.Option. C.Tissue. D.Shell.10.Howdidthepublicfeelabouthandwashingatfirst?A.Itwaseffective. B.Itwasnecessary.C.Itwasridiculous. D.Itwasdangerous.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.StepstoProtectYourselfB.DiseaseSpreadingbyYourHandC.HandWashingCriticalinFightingVirusesD.TheFirstRecordedDiscoveryofHandwashing【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了如何从起初IgnazSemmelweis提出洗手的必要性，但并不被大家所接受，直到后来人们慢慢意识到洗手是日常生活中预防病菌的一种有效方法。【8题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段“Germs(细菌)wereyettobediscovered,anditwasstillbelievedinthe1840sthatdiseasewasspreadbybadsmellsintheair.（那时还没有发觉细菌，在19世纪40年头，人们仍旧信任疾病是通过空气中的臭味传播的。）”可知，在19世纪40年头，人们不知道疾病是如何传播的。故选D项。【9题详解】词句揣测题。依据划线词所在句“Totesthistheory,heordereddoctorstowashtheirhandsandinstrumentsinsomechlorinesolution.（为了验证他的理论，他吩咐医生在氯气solution中洗手和清洗仪器。）”中“washtheirhandsandinstrumentsin”部分可推知，洗手和仪器应当是在液体中，所以solution最有可能是“液体”的意思，A选项Liquid符合题意。故选A项。【10题详解】推理推断题。依据第五段“However,hefacedgreatresistance,andmetasadend.Peopleatthattimedidn’tthinkofthemselvesassortofwalkingPetridishes.Andthemajorityofdoctorsthenwerefrommiddle-orupper-classfamilies,andthoughtofthemselvesasverycleanpeople.（然而，他面临着巨大的阻力，并遭受了凄惨的结局。那时候的人们并不认为自己是行走的培育皿。当时大多数医生都来自中产或上层阶级家庭，认为自己是特别干净的人。）”可知，起初人们并不认为自己的双手会携带细菌，所以可以推断，他们认为洗手是很可笑的一件事。故选C项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。依据第一段“Iftherehadtobeafatherofhandwashinginhistory,itwouldbeIgnazSemmelweis.（假如说历史上确定要有一位洗手之父的话，那确定是IgnazSemmelweis。）”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲解并描述如何从起初IgnazSemmelweis提出洗手的必要性，但并不被大家所接受，直到后来人们慢慢意识到洗手是日常生活中预防病菌的一种有效方法，所以C项“HandWashingCriticalinFightingViruses（洗手对对抗病毒至关重要）”概括了文章主旨，可以作为文章标题。故选C项。DMoviesweremorethanphotographsanddifferentfrombooks.Theytransmittedromance,dangerandcomedystraightintoyouremotionalbloodstream,withnoneedfortranslationandnoculturalbarriers.Theywerecreatinganotherworldoutthereonthescreen,aworldofjoyandsadness,laughter,romance,placesfarawayinspaceandintime,heroesandheroinesandordinarypeople—aworldthatmoviegoerscouldenterandliveotherlives.Theyweregivingouraudienceacommonculture.Overthedecades,moviesandmovietheatershavesurvivedmanycompetingtechnologiesthatthreatenedtheirextinction,amongthemtelevision,VHStapes,DVDsandBlu-rays,andstreaming.Throughalloftheseworthwhileadvances,peoplecontinuedtoleavetheirhomestowatchmoviesintheaters.From2010,justafterstreamingbecameimportant,tothebeginningof2024,thenumberofmovietheatersnationwideremainednearlyconstant,goingfrom5,773to5,798.Annualticketsalesdroppedbyonly7percent,fromabout1.33billiontoabout1.24billion.Seeingamovieinapublictheateronagiantscreen,surroundedbyotherpeople,isnotonlyentertainment.Itisalsoanexperience,acommunalactivity,anightoutofthehousealmosteveryonecanafford.Thencamethecovid-19pandemic.Fewindustrieshavesufferedmorethanmovietheaters.Thesmallnumberoftheatersthatremainopenhaveseenattendancedeclinedramatically.Iftheatersdonotsurvive,somethingirreplaceablewillhavebeenlost.Wearesocialcreatures.Nomatterhowcomfortableourlivingroomsandcomplexourtechnologyweneedcommunity,weneedphysicalcontactwithoneanother.Onthescreenweretheenduringthemesofchivalry,goodvs.evil,conquestanddominion,fashionedforourtechnologicalage.Wemoviegoersleftthetheaterincrowds,talkingtoeachother,sharingimpressions,someofusspeechless.Butallofusfeltthatwenowsharedsomemagicalbond.Lawmakersshouldacttosavethatmagic.12.Inwhatrespectaremoviesdifferentfrombooks?A.Theystandthetestoftimeandspace. B.Theycreateaworldofjoyandsadness.C.Theybringemotionsintoyourbloodstream. D.Theyaresharedacrosslanguagesandcultures.13.Whydidtheauthormentionannualmovieticketsalesdrop?AToshowthedeclineoffilmindustries. B.Togiveevidenceonthenewsocialtrend.C.Toindicatemovietheatersremainpopular. D.Toprovetheadvancesinothertechnologies.14.Whatwouldbelostiftheatersdonotsurvivethepandemic?A.Aformofsocialbondbetweenus. B.Thelevelofcomfortonthescreen.C.Adancingstyleofphysicalcontact. D.Thegreatjoyofadvancedtechnology.15.Whatwouldtheauthorprobablyagreetodoaboutmovietheatres?A.Tomakelawstocontrolthem. B.Totakeactiontosupportthem.C.Tolayoutplansfortheirexpansion. D.Toletthembepartofoursweetmemory.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了电影和书籍的不同之处，以及电影在过去几十年中的发展状况和新冠疫情对于电影院产生的影响，作者呼吁立法者实行行动来挽救电影院。【12题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段“Moviesweremorethanphotographsanddifferentfrombooks.Theytransmittedromance,dangerandcomedystraightintoyouremotionalbloodstream,withnoneedfortranslationandnoculturalbarriers.Theywerecreatinganotherworldoutthereonthescreen,aworldofjoyandsadness,laughter,romance,placesfarawayinspaceandintime,heroesandheroinesandordinarypeople—aworldthatmoviegoerscouldenterandliveotherlives.Theyweregivingouraudienceacommonculture.(电影不仅仅是摄制，且不同于书籍。它们将浪漫、危急和喜剧干脆送入你的情感血液，无需翻译，也没有文化障碍。他们在银幕上创建了另一个世界，一个充溢快乐和哀痛、欢乐和浪漫的世界，一个时空上遥远的地方，男女主子公和一般人——一个影迷可以进入并过上其他生活的世界。他们给我们的观众一种共同的文化)”可知，电影和书籍的不同在于他们是跨语言和文化共享的。故选D。【13题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段中“Overthedecades,moviesandmovietheatershavesurvivedmanycompetingtechnologiesthatthreatenedtheirextinction,amongthemtelevision,VHStapes,DVDsandBlu-rays,andstreaming.(在过去的几十年里，电影和电影院在很多竞争技术的威逼下幸存了下来，其中包括电视、VHS磁带、DVD和蓝光，以及流媒体)”以及“From2010,justafterstreamingbecameimportant,tothebeginningof2024,thenumberofmovietheatersnationwideremainednearlyconstant,goingfrom5,773to5,798.Annualticketsalesdroppedbyonly7percent,fromabout1.33billiontoabout1.24billion.(从2010年流媒体起先变得重要之后，到2024年初，全国影院数量几乎保持不变，从5773家增加到5798家。年票房收入仅下降了7%，从13.3亿降至12.4亿)”可推知，作者提到年度电影票销售虽然下降，但是比率低，是为了表示电影院仍旧受欢迎。故选C。【14题详解】细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段中“Iftheatersdonotsurvive,somethingirreplaceablewillhavebeenlost.Wearesocialcreatures.Nomatterhowcomfortableourlivingroomsandcomplexourtechnologyweneedcommunity,weneedphysicalcontactwithoneanother.(假如电影院不能存活下来，一些不行替代的东西将会失去。我们是社会动物。无论我们的客厅多么舒适，技术多么困难，我们都须要社区，我们须要彼此之间的身体接触)”以及最终一段中“Butallofusfeltthatwenowsharedsomemagicalbond.(但我们都觉得，我们现在共享了某种奇妙的纽带)”可知，假如电影院不能在疫情中存活下来，将会失去我们之间的一种社会纽带。故选A。【15题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段中“Butallofusfeltthatwenowsharedsomemagicalbond.Lawmakersshouldacttosavethatmagic.(但我们都觉得，我们现在共享了某种奇妙的纽带。立法者应当实行行动来挽救这种魔力)”可推知，关于电影院，作者可能会同意B选项“实行行动支持他们”的做法。故选B。其次节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Foodispartofwhoweare.It’spartofourhabitsandcultures.Sadly,welovefood,butwedon’ttakecareofit.____16____.Herearewaystohelpusloveourfoodbetterandgrowrespecttheworldbehindwhatweeat.Reduceyourfoodwaste.Buyonlythefoodyouneed,learntoloveuglyfruitsandvegetables,storefoodwisely,donateexcessandturnleftoverfoodintothenextday’smeals.Whenwewastefood,alltheresourcesusedforgrowing,processing,transportingandmarketingthatfoodarewastedtoo.____17____.Supportyourlocalfoodproducers.Chefsgetawards,starsandrecognitionfortheircreations.Butwhataboutourfarmers,____18____.Aren’tfarmerstherealheroes?Shopatyourlocalmarketsandgettoknowyourfarmers.Givingthemyourbusinessisgivingthemyourrecognitionandrespect.Adoptahealthier,moresustainablediet.____19____.Wegetourenergyandmaintainourhealthfromgoodfood.Wenormallydon’tpayattentiontothepowerthatfoodandnutritionhaveoverourbodies.Weneedtorespectthatfoodisfuel.Toomuchofit,ortoomuchofonlyonekindofit,canleadtoobesityordiet-relateddiseases.____20____.Bytreatingeachmealwithpride,werespectthefarmerswhoproducedit,theresourcesthatwentintoitandthepeoplewhogowithout.Respectcanbepassedon.Talktothepeoplearoundyouandtothenextgenerationaboutmakinginformed,healthyandsustainablefoodchoices.A.HaveaconversationB.LearnwherefoodcomesfromC.OurbodiesrunoffofcaloriesandnutrientsD.Formanypeopleontheplanet,foodisagivenE.FoodissomuchmorethanwhatisonourplatesF.AboutonethirdofallfoodproducedgloballyislostorwastedG.Withoutthem,wewouldn’thavethefreshfoodweneedonadailybasis【答案】16.F17.E18.G19.C20.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文写了食物是我们习惯和文化的一部分，我们应当削减食物奢侈，支持当地的食品生产商，采纳更健康、更可持续的饮食。【16题详解】依据上文“Sadly,welovefood,butwedon’ttakecareofit（可悲的是，我们宠爱食物，但我们不照看它）”和下文“Herearewaystohelpusloveourfoodbetterandgrowrespecttheworldbehindwhatweeat.(这里有一些方法可以帮助我们更好地爱惜我们的食物，敬重我们所吃东西背后的世界。)”可知，设空处应陈述人们奢侈食物的现象。选项F.Aboutonethirdofallfoodproducedgloballyislostorwasted(全球生产的全部食物中，约有三分之一被损失或奢侈)符合语境，且连接上下文自然。故选F。【17题详解】依据空格前一句“Whenwewastefood,alltheresourcesusedforgrowing,processing,transportingandmarketingthatfoodarewastedtoo.(当我们奢侈食物时，全部用于种植、加工、运输和销售食物的资源也被奢侈了。)”可知，我们奢侈的不仅仅是盘子里的食物，真正奢侈的比实际更多。选项E.Foodissomuchmorethanwhatisonourplates(奢侈的食物比我们盘子里的要更多)与上述分析一样，与上文话题一样，逻辑通顺。故选E。【18题详解】依据空格前句“Butwhataboutourfarmers,(但是我们的农夫呢，)”及后句“Aren’tfarmerstherealheroes?(莫非农夫不是真正的英雄吗?)”可知，此处强调农夫在生产食物的过程中的重要性。选项G.Withoutthem,wewouldn’thavethefreshfoodweneedonadailybasis(没有他们，我们就不会有我们每天须要的簇新食物)与上述分析一样，且连接上下文自然。故选G。【19题详解】依据空格下文“Wegetourenergyandmaintainourhealthfromgoodfood.Wenormallydon’tpayattentiontothepowerthatfoodandnutritionhaveoverourbodies.(我们从好的食物中获得能量和保持健康。我们通常不会留意到食物和养分对我们身体的影响。)”可知，设空处应当讲身体与食物的关系。选项C.Ourbodiesrunoffofcaloriesandnutrients(我们的身体会消耗卡路里和养分)符合题意。故选C。【20题详解】空格处是小标题。由最终一句“Talktothepeoplearoundyouandtothenextgenerationaboutmakinginformed,healthyandsustainablefoodchoices.(告知你四周的人和你的下一代，让他们做出明智、健康和可持续的食物选择。)”可知，本段主要讲要告知你四周的人和你的下一代提倡明智、健康和可持续的食物选择。选项A.Haveaconversation(进行一个谈话)符合语境，选项中的conversation呼应下文的talk。故选A。第三部分语言学问运用（共两节，满分55分）第一节（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mycollegeexperiencewasrewarding,butitwasoneofthemostdifficultperiodsofmylife.Istruggledtogetthe____21____betweenbeingastudentathleteandtryingto____22____myclassmatesacademically.As____23____ascollegewas,noone____24____meaboutanevengreaterchallengeahead:____25____fromthesportIloveandmakingthattransition(过渡)intothe“realworld.”Forthemajorityofstudentathletes,itseemsunavoidableexperiencedallkindsof____26____,notknowinghowtobea(n)____27____person.Threemonthsaftergraduation,Iwasworkingtowardanew____28____ofbecomingasportsanchor.WhileIwasmaking$8anhourataTVstation,manyofmy____29____werestillplayingonthe_____30_____tour.Iwashappyforthem,butwatchingthemcontinuetheirathletic_____31_____waspainful.Lettinggooftennisandmy_____32_____asastarathletewasoneofthegreatestchallengesI’veeverhadto_____33_____.Iwasleftwithtwochoices:Icouldeither_____34_____myselftothepainandcontinuetolookbackatthe_____35_____“door”,orIcouldtakewhatI’dlearnedasa(n)_____36_____,acceptthechallengeandfightto_____37_____myself.NowIhavetappedalltheskillsIdevelopedto_____38_____theworkingworld:timemanagement,effectivecommunicationandteamwork.AndIhavelearnedalessonthatIhave_____39_____untilnow—alwaysbeconfidentinyourselfandfollowyour_____40_____,evenifitleadsyoudownanunconventionalpath.21.A.balance B.mixture C.instruction D.impression22A.makeupfor B.lookupto C.keepupwith D.getdownto23.A.easy B.tough C.important D.boring24.A.taught B.rang C.persuaded D.warned25.A.escaping B.retiring C.relaxing D.learning26.A.emotions B.conversations C.interests D.disasters27.A.extraordinary B.creative C.regular D.special28.A.result B.memory C.angle D.goal29.A.fans B.friends C.volunteers D.members30.A.final B.outstanding C.honest D.professional31.A.dreams B.honors C.skills D.abilities32.A.identity B.introduction C.consideration D.process33.A.control B.lose C.face D.catch34.A.settle B.adjust C.apply D.abandon35.A.open B.closed C.broken D.cold36.A.athlete B.coach C.judge D.captain37.A.behave B.limit C.reinvent D.discourage38.A.split B.conquer C.occupy D.disturb39.A.ended B.ignored C.missed D.held40.A.gesture B.advice C.passion D.experience【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.B26.A27.C28.D29.B30.D31.A32.A33.C34.D35.B36.A37.C38.B39.D40.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述的是作者作为运动员退役后做出的选择。作为明星运动员的身份是作者所面临的最大挑战之一，作者接受挑战，并努力重塑自我。作者坚持到现在的教训是：恒久自信，追随你的激情，即使它引领你走上一条特别规的道路。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我努力在作为学生运动员和努力在学业上跟上我的同学之间取得平衡。A.balance平衡；B.mixture混合；C.instruction指令，吩咐；D.impression印象。依据第1空后“betweenbeingastudentathlete和myclassmatesacademically.”可知，要做好训练和学业上的“平衡”。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我努力在作为学生运动员和努力在学业上跟上我的同学之间取得平衡。A.makeupfor弥补；B.lookupto敬重；C.keepupwith跟上；D.getdownto着手处理。依据第1空后“betweenbeingastudentathlete和myclassmatesacademically.”可知，要“跟上”学业上的同学。故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然高校生活很艰难，但没有人提示我前方还有更大的挑战:从我酷爱的这项运动中退役，过渡到“现实世界”。A.easy简洁的；B.tough艰苦的，困难的；C.important重要的；D.boring令人厌烦的。依据第4空后的“aboutanevengreaterchallengeahead”可知，高校生活是“困难的”。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然高校生活很艰难，但没有人提示我前方还有更大的挑战：从我酷爱的这项运动中退役，过渡到“现实世界”。A.taught教；B.rang响起；C.persuaded劝告；D.warned警告。依据第4空后的“meaboutanevengreaterchallengeahead”可知，此处指没人“提示”前面的挑战。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然高校生活很艰难，但没有人提示我前方还有更大的挑战：从我酷爱的这项运动中退役，过渡到“现实世界”。A.escaping逃跑；B.retiring退休；C.relaxing放松；D.learning学习。依据第5空后的“fromthesportIloveandmakingthattransition(过渡)intothe‘realworld’”可知，此处指从宠爱的运动“退役”。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于大多数学生运动员来说，好像难免经验各种心情，不知道如何做一个正常人。A.emotions情感；B.conversations谈话；C.interests爱好；D.disasters灾难。依据第5空后的“fromthesportIloveandmakingthattransition(过渡)intothe‘realworld’”可知，作为一个学生运动员要体验各种“心情”。故选A。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于大多数学生运动员来说，好像难免经验各种心情，不知道如何做一个正常人。A.extraordinary非凡的，特殊的；B.creative具有创建力的；C.regular有规律的；D.special特殊的，特殊的。依据第5空后的“fromthesportIloveandmakingthattransition(过渡)intothe‘realworld’”和第7空前后“notknowinghowtobea(n)____7____person.”可知，退役后学生运动员不知道怎样做一个“正常”的人。故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕业三个月后，我起先朝着成为体育主播的新目标努力。A.result结果；B.memory记忆；C.angle角度，天使；D.goal目标。依据第8空前后“Threemonthsaftergraduation,Iwasworkingtowardanew____8____ofbecomingasportsanchor.”可知，此处指朝着一个新“目标”努力。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我在电视台挣到每小时8美元的时候，我的很多挚友还在参与职业巡回赛。A.fans粉丝；B.friends挚友；C.volunteers志愿者；D.members成员。依据第11空前的“Iwashappyforthem,butwatchingthemcontinuetheirathletic”可知，作者的运动员“挚友”接着参与竞赛。故选B。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我在电视台挣到每小时8美元的时候，我的很多挚友还在参与职业巡回赛。A.final最终的；B.outstanding杰出的；C.honest诚恳的；D.professional专业的，职业的。依据第10空前后“stillplayingonthe____10____tour.”和第11空前的“Iwashappyforthem,butwatchingthemcontinuetheirathletic”可知，作者的运动员挚友参与“职业的”竞赛。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我为他们感到兴奋，但看着他们接着他们的运动幻想是苦痛的。A.dreams幻想；B.honors荣誉；C.skills技能；D.abilities实力。依据第11空前的“watchingthemcontinuetheirathletic”可知，没退役的运动员接着他们的运动“幻想”。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：放弃网球和我作为明星运动员的身份是我所面临的最大挑战之一。A.identity身份；B.introduction介绍，引进；C.consideration考虑，关切；D.process过程。依据第12空后的“asastarathletewasoneofthegreatestchallengesI’veeverhad”可知，此处指作者明星运动员“身份”。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：放弃网球和我作为明星运动员的身份是我所面临的最大挑战之一。A.control限制；B.lose丢失；C.face面对；D.catch抓住。依据第13空前的“asastarathletewasoneofthegreatestchallengesI’veeverhadto”可知，此处指作者退役后“面临的”挑战。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有两种选择：我可以放弃自己的苦痛，接着回头看那些封闭的“门”，或者我可以接受我作为运动员的学习，接受挑战，并努力重塑自我。A.settle解决，定居；B.adjust调整；C.apply申请；D.abandon遗弃。依据第14空前的“Iwasleftwithtwochoices”和第14空后的“myselftothepainandcontinuetolookbackat”可知，此处指作者“放弃”自己的苦痛。故选D。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有两种选择：我可以放弃自己的苦痛；接着回头看那些封闭的“门”，或者我可以接受我作为运动员的学习，接受挑战，并努力重塑自我。A.open公开的；B.closed关闭的；C.broken破裂的；D.cold冷的。依据第15空前后“continuetolookbackatthe____15____‘door’”可知，作者已经退役，运动员的门为他“封闭”。故选B。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：：我有两种选择：我可以放弃自己的苦痛；接着回头看那些封闭的“门”，或者我可以接受我作为运动员的学习，接受挑战，并努力重塑自我。A.athlete运动员；B.coach教练；C.judge法官，裁判员；D.captain队长，船长。依据第16空前的“IcouldtakewhatI’dlearnedas”可知，此处指作者作为一名退役“运动员”的学习。故选A。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：：我有两种选择：我可以放弃自己的苦痛；接着回头看那些封闭的“门”，或者我可以接受我作为运动员的学习，接受挑战，并努力重塑自我。A.behave表现；B.limit限制；C.reinvent重新运用；D.discourage使丢失信念。依据空前的“IcouldtakewhatI’dlearnedasa(n)____16____,acceptthechallengeandfightto”可知，作者退役后接受学习，“重塑”自我。故选C。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在我已经利用了我在工作中所学到的全部技巧：时间管理、有效沟通和团队合作。A.split分别，劈开；B.conquer战胜，攻克；C.occupy占据，占据；D.disturb干扰。依据第18空前的“Ihavetappedalltheskills”可知，作者把退役后所学到的运用到工作中。故选B。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也学到了一个我始终坚持到现在的教训——恒久自信，追随你的激情，即使它引领你走上一条特别规的道路。A.ended结束；B.ignored忽视；C.missed错过，惦念；D.held握住，实行，举办。依据第19空前后“IhavelearnedalessonthatIhave____19____untilnow—alwaysbeconfidentinyourself”可知，此处指在工作中“坚持”的教训。故选D。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也学到了一个我始终坚持到现在的教训——恒久自信，追随你的激情，即使它引领你走上一条特别规的道路。A.gesture手势；B.advice建议；C.passion热忱；D.experience阅历，经验。依据第20空前后“alwaysbeconfidentinyourselfandfollowyour____20____,evenifitleadsyoudownanunconventionalpath.”可知，此处指在工作中要追随自己的“热忱”。故选C。其次节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In1895,theGermanphysicistWilhemRoentgennoticedthathiscathoderaytube(阴极射线管)seemedtobeproducingsomeothe