Unit5Revealingnature【速记清单】（原卷版）

Unit5RevealingnatureUnit5话题认识与探索自然词汇distant,disgrace,sample,evolve,suspect,evolution,generate,characteristic,decline,blame,primitive,worldwide,giant,myth,detect,root,link,centimetre短语datebackto,beadisgrace,answerthecall,ofalltime,inquestion,becrowdedwith,etoexist,besimilarto,adaptto,benativeto,bycontrast,carryout,driveaway,serveas,sidebyside句型1.强调句型：Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+其余部分2.doyouthink作插入语3.主语+be+adj.+动词不定式语法过去完成时写作植物观察日记考点AUTONUM\*Arabic.datebackto起源于，追溯到教材原句Theoldestdiscoveredfossilofthemodernplatypusdatesbacktoabout100,000yearsago.已发现的最古老的现代鸭嘴兽的化石可以追溯到大约10万年前。教材原句拓展知识拓展知识datebackto=_____________，常用________，一般不用于________。作后置定语时，常用__________形式小试牛刀完成句子小试牛刀我从学生时代就开始爱好集邮。Myinterestinstampcollecting_________________/_________________myschooldays.

那个专家说这座寺庙历史悠久,可追溯到初唐时期。Accordingtotheexpert,thetemplehasahistory______________/_____________theearlyTangDynasty.

考点AUTONUM\*Arabic.existvi.存在；生存；生活 etoexist开始形成，出现教材原句Ashestudiedthese,heaskedhimselfthequestion:howdiddifferentspeciesetoexist?当他研究这些时，他问自己一个问题：不同的物种是如何形成的？教材原句拓展知识拓展知识existon____________________existencen.____________________ bring/callintoexistence ______________eintoexistence____________________ inexistence______________________putoutofexistence________________小试牛刀选词填空:defend,guard,protect小试牛刀世界是什么时候产生的?__________________________________________________________________________我靠我挣的工资简直难以糊口,根本无钱享受。__________________________________________________________________________考点AUTONUM\*Arabic.adaptv.适应；改编adapt(oneself)to(使……)适应于……教材原句Maybeanimalsevolvedastheyadaptedtotheirchangingenvironments?也许动物是在适应不断变化的环境时进化了?教材原句拓展知识拓展知识adaptsth.from__________________ adapt...for... ______________________adaptableadj. __________________adaptationn. __________________小试牛刀完成句子小试牛刀他适应了寒冷的天气。He__________________________________thecoldweather.

据说这部新影片是根据简·奥斯丁的一本小说改编而成的。Thisnewfilmissaidto__________________________________anovelbyJaneAusten.

关于孩子们,好的一点是他们很容易适应新环境。Thegoodthingaboutchildrenisthatthey__________________________________thenewenvironment.

考点AUTONUM\*Arabic.suspectv.猜想；怀疑；n.嫌疑犯；adj.可疑的，不可信的教材原句Darwinsuspectedthatthefincheshadevolvedfromamonancestor,whichhadarrivedontheislandsalongtimebefore.达尔文猜想这些雀鸟是从一个共同的祖先进化而来的,这个祖先很久以前就来到了这些岛屿上。教材原句拓展知识拓展知识suspectsb.tobe____________________ suspectsb.of(doing)sth.__________________suspiciousadj. ______________________ besuspiciousof____________________suspiciouslyadv.______________小试牛刀单句语法填空小试牛刀Thecustomsofficerinspectedmypassport_______________(suspicious).

Amanwashangingaboutthehouseina_______________(suspect)manner.

Thepolicesuspectedhim_______________concealinginformationimportanttothecase.

考点AUTONUM\*Arabic.convincingadj.有说服力的；令人信服的教材原句ButDarwin’sscientificstudiesweresoconvincingthatmoreandmorepeoplestartedtobelievehistheory.但是达尔文的科学研究是如此令人信服,以至于越来越多的人开始相信他的理论。教材原句拓展知识拓展知识(1)convincevt.____________________convincesbofsth. ______________ convincesbtodosth.______________(2)convincedadj.______________beconvincedof__________ beconvincedthat... ________小试牛刀单句语法填空小试牛刀Manypeoplewereinfluencedbyher_______________(convince)arguments.

_______________(convince)oftheaccuracyofthedata,theystucktotheiropinion.

Robert’sexpressionhadobviouslyconvincedher_______________hisinnocence.

考点AUTONUM\*Arabic.beregardedas被看作教材原句Today,OntheOriginofSpeciesisregardedasoneofthemostimportantworkseverwritten.今天,《物种起源》被认为是有史以来最重要的著作之一。教材原句拓展知识拓展知识regardv.__________________________________ n.______________________regard...as__________in/withregardto=regarding__________ inthis/thatregard_____________________givesbmyregards________________________regardlessof __________小试牛刀单句语法填空小试牛刀不管他们同不同意我都去。Ishallgo___________________whethertheyagreeornot.

他把我当成家人一样对待。He___________________me___________________oneofhisfamily.

关于那件事我没什么要说的。Ihavenothingtosay___________________thatmatter.

考点AUTONUM\*Arabic.characteristicn.特征,特性；adj.典型的;特有的;表示特性的教材原句GregorMendalchosetostudypeaplantsbecausetheircharacteristicswereeasytocontrol.格雷戈尔·孟德尔选择研究豌豆植物是因为它们的特性易于控制。教材原句拓展知识拓展知识characteristicallyadv.__________________charactern.______________________小试牛刀用character的适当形式填空小试牛刀Whatdoesyour__________________do?

Hislineofargumentisalso__________________simplistic.

Thereisanoutlineofeachcloud’s__________________weintegrated.

考点AUTONUM\*Arabic.blamev.把……归咎于,责怪；n.责备,责怪教材原句TheextinctionofthePintaIslandtortoiseisblamedonhumans.平塔岛龟的灭绝被归咎于人类。教材原句拓展知识拓展知识(1)betoblamefor____________ blamesbforsth. ______________blamesth.onsb.____________________________________taketheblamefor ______________(2)blamelessadj. ____________________________小试牛刀单句语法填空小试牛刀YoucanhardlyblamePeter__________________beingangrywithhim.

Noliewasfoundintheirmouths;theywere__________________(blame).

Wheneversomethinggoeswrong,everyoneblamesit__________________me.

考点AUTONUM\*Arabic.declinev.减少;衰落,衰败;婉言谢绝,拒绝；n.减少;下降;衰落教材原句Aftergoatsinparticularhadbeenbroughttotheisland,thePintaIslandtortoisepopulationdeclined.特别是山羊被带到岛上之后,平塔岛龟的数量下降了。教材原句拓展知识拓展知识indecline________ onthedecline __________________fallintodecline__________declinetodosth.__________ declinefrom...to...________________小试牛刀完成句子小试牛刀I__________________(拒绝讨论)mydealingswithhimoranyone.

Bythatpoint,popularinterestintheAmazonwas__________________(在衰退).

Theintensepetitionfromoverseashascausedthetextileindustryto__________________(衰落).

考点AUTONUM\*Arabic.survivevt.幸存;艰难度过；vi.幸存,活下来教材原句Thistinyorganismcansurvivetemperaturesfrom150℃toabelowfreezing272℃.这种微小的生物可以在150℃到零下272℃的温度下生存。教材原句拓展知识拓展知识(1)survivesth.________________ surviveonsth.______________survivesb.by...________________(2)survivorn.______________(3)survivaln.____小试牛刀用survive的适当形式填空小试牛刀Officialssaidtherewereno____________intheplanecrash.

The____________fromthedisastermadehimliveanothersixyears.

Afterthetrafficaccident,noone____________exceptafewpeoplewhowerebadlyinjured.考点AUTONUM\*Arabic.aswellas和,也,以及教材原句Manycultureshavestoriesoftalkingtreesthatgiveadviceaswellaswarningstopeople.许多文化中都有会说话的树的故事,它给人们提供建议和警告。教材原句拓展知识拓展知识(1)besides/inadditionto________________(2)aswellas可以用于同级比较,意为“____________”。(3)aswellas作介词相当于besides,意思为“除……之外,还有”,后面通常接名词或动词ing形式,尤其是位于句首时。(4)aswell是副词短语,其意思为“______”,相当于too,它一般放在____,有时和连词and或but搭配使用。(5)aswellas连接两个并列成分作主语时,句子的谓语动词应与____________________________保持一致。HeaswellashisclassmatesisgoingshoppingthisSunday.小试牛刀完成句子小试牛刀他的妻子和他的孩子们都被邀请去参加聚会了。Hiswifeaswellashischildren__________________totheparty.

除了工作上的压力之外,她还要承担照顾生病母亲的责任。_________________thestressandpressurefromherjob,sheboretheburdenofcaringforhersickmother.

考点AUTONUM\*Arabic.amountsof+不可数名词大量的教材原句Theplantreleasestinyamountsofchemicalsfromtheleavesthatarebeingeaten.这种植物从被吃掉的叶子中释放出微量的化学物质。教材原句拓展知识拓展知识theamountof...__________alarge/greatamountof+n.[U]__________(作主语时,谓语用__数)largeamountsof+n.[U]__________(作主语时,谓语用__数)inamount(=inall)____________________ large/smallamount______________________amountto__________(amount为动词)小试牛刀单句语法填空小试牛刀Properamountofsleepalongwithregularexercise___________importantforyourhealth.

Thesinger’earnings___________(amount)tomillionsofyuanlastyear.

Largeamountsofmoney___________(be)donatedtothestrickenarea.

考点AUTONUM\*Arabic.driveaway使离去,赶走;驱车离开教材原句Someofthesechemicalsdriveinsectsaway.其中一些化学物质能驱走昆虫。教材原句拓展知识拓展知识driveup________ driveinto__________driveback__________________ driveoff __________drivesb.crazy/mad ________________ drivesb.todosth. ________________小试牛刀单句语法填空小试牛刀Theenemiesweredriven___________fromthecity.

Justthenafrienddrove___________andgavemearide.

Hewascruelbecausehewantedtodriveme___________.

考点AUTONUM\*Arabic.linkv.把……联系起来;连接；n.联系;连接教材原句Mostsurprisinglyofall,plantshaveanamazingsystemofmunicationthatcanlinknearlyeveryplantinaforest.最令人惊讶的是,植物有一个惊人的交流系统,可以把森林里几乎所有的植物联系起来。教材原句拓展知识拓展知识belinkedto/with________________________ linkAwith/toB________________linkup(with)sb./sth.________________小试牛刀单句语法填空小试牛刀心脏病和饮食结构之间有直接联系。Thereis_________________________________dietandheartdisease.

WeofferadvicetoAsianpaniesthatwantto___________________(与……联系)Westernpanies.

考点AUTONUM\*Arabic.similaradj.相似的,类似的教材原句ItisinsomewayssimilartotheInternetweuse.它在某些方面类似于我们使用的互联网。教材原句拓展知识拓展知识besimilarto__________ besimilarin____________similarlyadv.______________________similarityn.____________________小试牛刀单句语法填空小试牛刀Thetwoboysaresimilar___________ageandappearance.

Theaccidentwassimilar___________theonethathappenedin2013.

Thereweresignificant___________(similarity)betweenthemotherandtheson.

考点AUTONUM\*Arabic.benefitn.益处,实惠,好处；v.得益;获利;有益于教材原句Whatdoyouthinkarethebenefitsofstudyingplantmunication?(教材P58)你认为学习植物交流有什么好处?教材原句拓展知识拓展知识(1)beofbenefitto____________ forthebenefitof______________toone’sbenefit__________ benefitfrom____________(2)beneficialadj.________________________ bebeneficialto____________小试牛刀单句语法填空小试牛刀新规章对我们大家都会大有好处。Thenewregulationswillbe__________________________________usall.

千千万万的人已经受益于这种新的疗法。Manythousands__________________________________thenewtreatment.

你们需要为社区谋利益的人。Youneedpeopleworking__________________________________themunity.

考点AUTONUM\*Arabic....butitwasthebirdsthatinterestedhimthemost.……但使他最感兴趣的是那些鸟。

拓展知识强调句型：Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+其余部分拓展知识(1)被强调的部分通常是句子的主语、宾语和状语;被强调部分如果是人,用that和who都可以,如果强调的是人以外的其他成分,则只能用that。(2)如果强调not...until...句型中until引导的时间状语,not要放到until前面。(3)强调句型的一般疑问句是把is或was提前;其特殊疑问句结构为:特殊疑问词+be+it+that/who+其余部分。(4)强调句型的辨别方式为:把itis/was及that去掉,依然是一个完整的句子;否则,就不是强调句型。小试牛刀完成句子小试牛刀我与她初次见面是在十年以前。__________________________________Imetherforthefirsttime.

是孩子们在花园里吵闹。__________________________________aremakingsomuchnoiseinthegarden.

他什么时候加入那个俱乐部的?__________________________________hejoinedtheclub?

直到她摘下墨镜我才认出她来。__________________________________shetookoffhersunglassesthatIrecognizedher.

考点AUTONUM\*Arabic.Howdoyouthinkthehumanspecieswillevolveinthefuture?你认为人类物种将来会如何进化?

拓展知识doyouthink作插入语拓展知识(1)作主语的疑问词+doyouthink/suppose/believe/imagine/say/suggest+谓语+其他。(2)非主语的疑问词+doyouthink/suppose/believe/imagine/say/suggest+主语+谓语+其他。(3)该句型不受doyouthink的影响,始终用陈述句语序。(4)如果插入语是doyousuggest时,句子的谓语要用(should+)do。(5)不能用yes或no来回答这样的特殊疑问句,应用完整的句子来回答。小试牛刀完成句子小试牛刀你认为哪一个是最佳答案?(doyouthink)

__________________________________________________________________________你建议派谁去那里工作?(doyousuggest)__________________________________________________________________________你想我们会邀请谁来参加我们的宴会?(doyousuppose)__________________________________________________________________________你认为我们今天晚上应该什么时间出发?(doyoubelieve)__________________________________________________________________________考点AUTONUM\*Arabic.GregorMendelchosetostudypeaplantsbecausetheircharacteristicswereeasytocontrol.格雷戈尔·孟德尔选择研究豌豆植物是因为它们的特性易于控制。

拓展知识主语+be+adj.+动词不定式拓展知识(1)用于该句型的形容词多为表示主语性质、特征的词,如hard,difficult,pleasant,easy,fortable,interesting等。(2)动词不定式和句子主语在逻辑上为动宾关系,但不定式用主动形式表示被动意义;当不定式中的动词为不及物动词时,要加上适当的介词。(3)不定式有时会带上自己的逻辑主语,并由for引出。小试牛刀单句语法填空小试牛刀Thisnewmachineisveryeasy_______________(operate).

Thequestionisnotveryhardforhim_______________(answer)inashorttime.

Takecare!Thethiniceisdangeroustoskate_______________.

Theroomistoosmallanditisnotfittowork_______________.

1．Hesaidhehadworkedinthatschoolsince1990.2．WhenIworkup,ithadalreadystoppedraining.3．IreturnedthebookthatIhadborrowed.4．Shefoundthekeythatshehadlost.5．Hesaidthathehadknownherwell.1．所有画线部分都是用的过去完成时。2．过去完成时是由had＋动词过去分词构成。过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时的构成过去完成时的构成过去完成时表示__________，其构成形式是“________________”。过去完成时的用法过去完成时的用法表示在过去某一时刻或某个动作之前已经发生或完成的动作或存在的状态。这个过去的时刻常用by,before,until等引导的短语或时间状语从句来表示，也可以通过一个表示过去的动作或上下文来表示。Bynineo'clocklastnight,wehadfinishedmostofthework.到昨晚9点钟，我们已经完成了大部分的工作。Shehadlearntabout500Englishwordsbeforeshewenttomiddleschool.在上中学之前，她已经学了大约500个英语单词。表示过去某一时间之前发生的动作或存在的状态一直持续到那时，并可能继续下去，常同由for或since引导的表示一段时间的短语或从句连用。Ihadbeenatthebusstopfor30minuteswhenabusfinallycame.当一辆公共汽车最终来的时候，我已在车站等了30分钟。Shesaidshehadmadegreatprogresssinceshecamehere.她说自从她来到这儿，她已经取得了很大的进步。在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果主从复合句叙述的是过去的事，则先发生的动作常用过去完成时。Shereturnedthebookthatshehadborrowed.她归还了她借的那本书。过去完成时常常用在宾语从句(或间接引语)中，这时从句谓语表示的动作发生在主句谓语表示的动作(过去时)之前。IthoughtthatIhadseenhimbefore.我觉得我以前见过他。在含有时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句的复合句中，若主从句动作的发生有先后顺序，动作在前的要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。Ihadfinishedcookingdinnerbeforeyoucameback.我在你回来之前就已经做好晚饭了。want,hope,mean,plan,intend等动词的过去完成时可以用来表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图，意为“________”。Ihadhopedtobebacklastnight,butIdidn'tcatchthetrain.我本来希望昨晚回来的，但我没赶上火车。Wehadintendedtoeandseeyou.我们本来打算来看你的。过去完成时常用于某些固定句型：(1)在“________________________________________________________________________________”句型中，主句用__________，从句用__________。Ihadnosoonerreachedhomethanitbegantorain.(＝NosoonerhadIreachedhomethanitbegantorain.)我刚到家就开始下雨了。 (2)Itwas＋一段时间＋since从句(从句用过去完成时)ItwasatleastthreemonthssinceIhadleftBeijing.我离开北京至少有3个月了。(3)Itwasthefirst/second/...time＋(that)从句(从句用过去完成时)ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadchattedonlineinEnglish.那是我第一次用英语在网上聊天。(4)bythetime＋表示过去的从句＋主句(过去完成时)BythetimeIgottothestation,thetrainhadalreadygone.我到车站时，火车已经离开了。(5)bytheendof＋表示过去的时间＋句子(过去完成时)Bytheendoflasttermwehadlearned12units.到上学期期末为止，我们已经学了12个单元。过去完成时用于虚拟语气中，在wish,asif/asthough,if,ifonly,wouldrathersb.haddonesth.结构或从句中，常用过去完成时来表示与过去事实相反的假设。Ifhehadcaughttheearlybusthismorning,hewouldnothavebeenlateforclass.如果他今天早上赶上了早班车，他上课就不会迟到了。Iwouldrathershehadn'tdonethat.我宁愿她没做那件事。小试牛刀单句语法填空小试牛刀AftertheyweregivenaninvitationtoappearliveonBBC,theBeatlesquicklybecamefamousinBritainwithnationwidetours.Bymid­1963,theBeatles________(be)extremelypopularinEngland.Wefoundthattheleastwelllikedteens________(bee)moreaggressiveovertimetowardtheirclassmates.—DidyouhavedifficultyfindingAnn'shouse?—Notreally.She________(give)uscleardirectionsandwewereabletofinditeasily.Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho______________(trap)inthemountainsfortwodays.Thetwins,who___________(finish)theirhomework,wereallowedtoplaybadmintonontheplayground.Iwassenttothevillagelastmonthtoseehowthedevelopmentplan______________(carry)outinthepasttwoyears.Afewmonthsafterhe________(arrive)inChina,Mr.Smithfellinlovewiththepeopleandculturethere.Ifoundthelecturehardtofollowbecauseit________(start)whenIarrived.Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey________(drive)afewmorekilometers.Ifwe________(catch)theflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeachnow.写作指导写作指导观察日记的写作不仅能培养学生的观察能力，也能锻炼学生描写具体细节的写作能力。观察的对象可以是人、动物、植物或其他物品。本单元所要求写作的植物观察日记要求学生能够用具体且科学的语言描绘植物的生长过程。写植物观察日记要注意以下四点：1．观察日记要体现时间上的逻辑性。在写植物类观察日记时，一般将植物的生长过程分为不同的阶段，因此在写作的过程中要恰当使用表达时间顺序的词、短语或句子。2．语言要准确。观察日记有很强的科学性，因此措辞要准确。3．观察的内容要细致全面，抓住植物生长不同阶段的主要特征，并在细节处加以描写。这样可以使表达的内容更加丰富。4．主体人称是第三人称，主体时态是一般现在时。常用表达：1．种植及发芽阶段：...has/havebeenplantedinsoil(apot/flowerpot/flowerbed/...)...need(s)wateringregularly.Iwateriteverythreedays.Itisnecessarytokeepthesoildamp/putthemintheshade/puttheminacoolplace/...Theseedsproutstwodaysafter...2．生长发育阶段：I'llcoveritwhentheweatheriscold.Newleavessproutfromthestem.Aflowerbudisgrowingatthetopofthestem...e(s)out.Abudgraduallybeesaflower.Therootsgrowdeeperintothesoil.3．成熟、结果阶段：...grow(s)into...Eachstemproducesasingleflower.Astimegoesby,itgoes/runstoseed....grow(s)tallerandstronger......flower(s)thefollowingday.Thewhiteflowershavefallenfromthestem.Icarefullydividedthegarlicbulbsintoclovesand__________________________________________________inaroundplasticbowl,andthepointedends________________.我小心地把蒜头分成蒜瓣，并排地种在一个圆形塑料碗里，尖头朝上。Withthegarlic______________,therootsgrow__________________________________.随着大蒜的生长，根长得越来越长。Theroots__________________thewhitebeardofGrandpa.根看起来像爷爷的白胡子。Thegarlicsproutsaregrowinghigherandhigher____________________,andthey__________________________about20centimetres.蒜苗一天天长得越来越高，已经长到20厘米左右了。Letmetellyou______________________________________.让我告诉你如何种树。____________________largeenoughforthetree,buttheholeshouldnotbetoodeep.给树挖一个足够大的坑，但坑不应该太深。Youmustplaceit____________________________________________________________.你必须把它放在阳光充足的地方。Theleavesoftheseedlingsgraduallygrowintolargerumbrellashapedleavesaftertheyhavebeen______________________________________fortwoweeks.在土壤中种植两周后，幼苗的叶子逐渐生长成较大的伞形叶子。Watching________________________________________is__________________________________enjoyingtheflowers.观看它们的生长过程就像欣赏花朵一样有趣。Thepinkflower________________severalbees,whicharedancingaroundit.这朵粉红色的花吸引了几只蜜蜂，它们围着花儿跳舞。假设你是李华，英语老师让你观察某种植物的生长过程。请根据你所拍摄的图片写一篇观察日记，记述蒜苗的生长过程，以便在英语课上跟大家分享。内容包括：1.播种方式； 2.生长过程； 3.生长结果。注意：1.词数80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇:蒜瓣garlicclove;嫩芽tendershoot;蒜苗garlicsprout审题谋篇审题谋篇词句升级词句升级用with的复合结构改写第1句。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________用定语从句合并第2句和第3句________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________