2022-2023学年湖南省永州市某中学高二年级上册入学英语检测题（解析版）

2022年永州市四中九月高二学生入学英语检测题

第一局部听力（共两节，总分值30分）

第一节（共5小题；每题1.5分，总分值7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选

项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读

一遍。

1.Whatwillthewomandothisafternoon?

A.Stayathome.B.Gotovisitherfriends.C.GototheOlympicGames.

2.Whathappenedtotheboytodayatschool?

A.Hefoughtwithsomeone.B.Hedidn'tjoininthefight.C.Hemadeabigfire.

3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Insideacinema.B.Inaticketoffice.C.Outsideacinema.

4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?

A.SheisverygoodatEnglish.

B.Shelikesmathnow.

C.Shethinksthemanisfunny.

5.Whathappenedtothewoman?

A.Shemisunderstoodtheman.

B.Shewantedtotakethe6:00flight.

C.Shechangedthereservationto7:00.

第二节（共15小题每题1.5分，总分值22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中

选出最正确选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟；听完后，各

小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，答复第6、7题。

6.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?

A.Sandra'sfoot.B.Cleaningthefloor.C.Housekeepingcosts.

7.WhoisBrenda?

A.Dave*shousecleaner.B.Sandra'sboss.C.Dave'ssister.

听第7段材料，答复第8、9题。

8.Whatdayisittoday?

A.Thursday.B.Wednesday.C.Tuesday.

9.Howhasthemantriedtoreachhisbrother?

A.Bysendinghimatext.B.Bygoingtohishouse.C.Byleavinghimavoicemail.

听第8段材料，答复第10至12题。

10.Whatdoes''havingEnglishweatherinyourbody"mean?

A.Havingacough.B.Catchingacold.C.Makingajoke.

11.Whatdoesthewomantellthemantodo?

A.Drinkplentyofwaterandjuices.

B.Stopdrinkinglemonwater.

C.Changemedicines.

12.Whatshouldthemantakeaccordingtothewoman?

A.Hismedicalrecord.B.Hishealthinsurance.C.Anumbrella.

听第9段材料，答复第13至16题。

13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Husbandandwife.B.Salespersonandcustomer.C.Homeownerandcleaner.

14.Whatkindofapartmentdothespeakersprefer?

A.Onewithoutfurniture.B.Onenearamarket.C.Onewithtwobedrooms.

15.Howmuchrentshouldonepayfortheone-bedroomapartment?

A.$350.B.$400,C.$415.

16.Whereistheapartmentthespeakerswouldliketosee?

AOnLakeStreet.B.OnSouthStreet.C.OnMarket.

听第10段材料，答复第17至20题。

17.WhathappenedtoDollyPartoninschool?

A.ShemovedtoNashville.

B.Herfatherpaidtheteacherwithabagofcom.

C.HerclassmatespreventedherfromperforminginaTVshow.

18.WhatwasDollyParton*sfirstjob?

A.Singing.B.Startingabusiness.C.Writingsongs.

19.WhatmakesDollyPartoneasytorecognize?

A.Herhair.B.Hervoice.C.Herclothing.

20.Whatdoesthespeakerwantthelistenerstodowiththisinformation?

ATakenotesforatest.

B.Beencouragedtofindoutmore.

C.Memorizethedetails.

第二局部阅读理解（共两节，总分值50分）

第一节（共15小题；每题2.5分，总分值37.5分）

阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。

A

TheBestFreeTouristPlacesinAmerica

Alaska:AnchorageMarketandFestival

AlthoughAnchorageisn'tthecapitalofAlaska,itisthestate'slargestcitywiththelargestpopulation.The

AnchorageMarketandFestivalisopenandfreeofchargeonweekends.AnchorageisatthebeginningoftheTony

KnowlesCoastalTrail,wherewalkscanlastbetweentwohoursandahalfday.

Ifsfree,ofcourse.

Arkansas:WalmartMuseum

LyinginthenorthwestcomerofArkansasisBentonville,whichgavebirthtoalittlemallyoumayhaveheardof.

It'sWalmart,oneofthebiggestcompaniesintheworldatpresent.ItisfreetovisittheWalmartMuseum,which

attractsthousandsofvisitorseveryyear.Andjustoutsidethetownisthewell-knownCrystalBridgesMuseumof

AmericanArt,whichisalsofree.

Connecticut:YaleUniversity

NewHaven,ConnecticutwasthefirstplaceintheU.S.toofferpizzatothehungryandthehomeless,including

studentsofYaleUniversity.WhileinNewHavenyoucangoonatourofthecampus（校园）,wheremanybeautiful

buildingshaveexistedforalongtime.IfstheuniversitywherePresidentBushes,BillandHillaryClinton,journalist

BobWoodward,andSamuelF.B.Morsestudied.

Kansas:SantaFeTrail

WesternKansashasverylittlelightpollution.Soasyoutravelalong,stoponceinawhileandstareatthenight

sky.TheSantaFeTrailwentthroughKansasandyoucanstillwalkthelongestremainingdistanceofthereadjust

outsideDodgeCity.

1.WhatmayespeciallyattractvisitorstoBentonville?

A.Thechancetofindmanyinterestinggoods.

B.Thechancetogettrainedinalargecompany.

C.ThechancetogetsomethingfreeinWalmart.

D.ThechancetogetagoodknowledgeofWalmart.

2WhatcanpeopledoinNewHaven?

A.MakepizzawithstudentsofYale.

B.Appreciateoldbuildings.

C.Meetfamouspeople.

D.Attendsomefreeclasses.

3.Whichplaceismoreattractivetothosewhoenjoythepeacefulnightsky?

A.Kansas.B.Bentonville.C.Anchorage.D.NewHaven.

【答案】LD2.B3.A

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了美国最好的免费旅游胜地的根本情况。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据Arkansas:WalmartMuseum局部的“ItisfreetovisittheWalmartMuseum,whichattracts

thousandsofvisitorseveryyear.（沃尔玛博物馆是免费参观的，每年都会吸引成千上万的游客。）〃可知，了

解沃尔玛的时机可能会特别吸引游客到Bentonvilleo应选D。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据Connecticut:YaleUniversity局部“WhileinNewHavenyoucangoonatourofthecampus

（校园）,wheremanybeautifulbuildingshaveexistedforalongtime.（而在纽黑文，你可以去参观校园，那里有

许多美丽的建筑已经存在了很长时间。）〃可知，在NewHaven你可以欣赏古老的建筑。应选B。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据Kansas:SantaFeTrail局部的“WesternKansashasverylittlelightpollution.Soasyoutravel

along,stoponceinawhileandstareatthenightsky.（堪萨斯州西部几乎没有光污染。所以当你旅行的时候，

偶尔停下来看看夜空〃可知，Kansas对于那些喜欢宁静夜空的人来说，更有吸引力。应选A。

B

"Runners,onyourmark.Getset...”Bang!AndIwasoff,alongwithotherteenagerunnersfromhighschools

acrossthecountry.Itwasafineday,likeanyotherfair-weatherautumndayinMaryland.Buttheracethatdayfelt

uniquefromtheget-go.Foronething,Ilikethecourse.Itwasmyteam'shomecourse,oneIwasusedtorunning

duringpractices.Ittookrunnersalongterrain（地形）thatincludedopenfields,hillsandevendirtpathsthrougha

smallforest.Itwasabeautiful5-kilometercourse.Thisparticularracewasourteam'sinvite,andIwasproudtobe

sharingthecoursewithcompetitorsfromotherschools.Italsomeantalotmorethannormal-thatmyparentswereto

cheermeon.

Withsomuchtoexpectthatday,Iwasreadytorun!AndIdidn'twanttobestuckwithotherrunners,asis

typicalatthebeginningofmostcross-countryraces.Sowhenthegunsounded,Itookoffrunning,leavingeveryone

elseinthedust.

Thefirstofourcoursefollowedalargeopenfieldbeforedisappearingintotheforest.Withinsecondsofthestart,

Iwasfaraheadofeveryone,andallofthefanscouldseeit.Itfeltmagnificent!

Butthatfeelingdidn'tlastlong.LittledidIknowmycoachwaslaughingtohimself,thinking,“Gabeisdone

for!〃AndIwas.Mybodywastellingmetoslowdown.Mypride,however,said“No!Notuntilyou'reoutofthe

audiences!z，Iwasinpain,butIkeptupmypaceuntilIreachedtheforest.OnceIwasamongthetrees,Islowedmy

waydown.

Ienjoyedmostraces,evenwhilepushingmyself,butthisonewasnotenjoyableintheleast.Ifinishedtherace,

butinnowherenearthetimeIcouldhaveifI'dpacedmyseifwellfromthebeginning.EverytimeIreflectonthat

cross-countryseason,Tmremindedofsomething:Prideisnosubstituteforpace.

4.WhatmadetheraceuniquetotheauthoraccordingtoParagraph1?

A.Theblueskyandwhiteclouds.B.Thecompetitorsandaudiences.

C.Thehomecourseandhisparents.D.Theunknownterrainandfairweather.

5.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?

A.Thecoachthoughttheauthorwasgoingtofailtherace.

B.Thecoachthoughttheauthorwouldprobablybeprized.

C.Thecoachthoughttheauthorwasdoingagreatjob.

D.Thecoachthoughttheauthorneededtopaceup.

6.Whydidn'ttheauthorenjoytherace?

A.Becauseheslowedhiswaydown.

B.Becausehedidn'tfinishedtherace.

C.Becausehelostthegamecompletely.

D.Becausehecouldhavedonebetter.

7Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.TheRaceLessPacedB.TheMeaningofPride

C.ARaceworthCelebratingD.ACompetitionofMyTeam

【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.A

【解析】

【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了本来自信满满的作者在自己的主场因赛跑节奏控制的不好而败北。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段第四五六句"Buttheracethatdayfeltuniquefromtheget-go.Foronething,IHkethe

course.Itwasmyteam'shomecourse,oneIwasusedtorunningduringpractices.（但那天的比赛从——开始就感

觉与众不同。一方面，我喜欢这个比赛。这是我的队的主方赛场，一个我在训练中已经跑习惯了的场地。）〃

和最后一句"Italsomeantalotmorethannormal-thatmyparentsweretocheermeon.（这也比平常更有意义

—我的父母来给我加油。）〃可知，这次比赛对作者独特的原因是两个：他的主场，父母的加油。应选C

项。

【5题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段第二句"LittledidIknowmycoachwaslaughingtohimself,thinking,t4Gabeisdone

for!〃（我根本不知道我的教练在暗自苦笑，心想：“盖比完蛋了！〃）〃可知，教练认为作者会在比赛中失败。

应选A项。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句"Ifinishedtherace,butinnowherenearthetimeIcouldhaveifI'dpaced

myselfwellfromthebeginning.（我完成了比赛，但如果我从一开始就控制好自己的节奏，时间快结束时,我

没一定会在哪。）〃可知，作者不喜欢这场比赛的原因是他遗憾没能做的更好。应选D项。

【7题详解】

主旨大意题。根据最后一段第一二句"Ienjoyedmostraces,evenwhilepushingmyself,butthisonewasnot

enjoyableintheleast.Ifinishedtherace,butinnowherenearthetimeIcouldhaveifI'dpacedmyselfwellfrom

thebeginning、即使是在逼迫自己的时候，我也喜欢大多数比赛，但这次比赛一点也不享受。我完成了比赛，

但如果我从一开始就控制好自己的节奏，时间快结束时，我没一定会在哪。）〃可知本文讲的是本来自信满

满的作者因为没有控制好赛跑节奏而败北。应选A项。

C

PreparingCitiesforRobotCars

Thepossibilityofself-drivingrobotcarshasoftenseemedlikeafuturist^dream,yearsawayfrommaterializing

intherealworld.Well,thefutureisapparentlynow.TheCaliforniaDepartmentofMotorVehiclesbegangiving

permitsinAprilforcompaniestotesttrulyself-drivingcarsonpublicroads.Thestatealsoclearedthewayfor

companiestosellorrentoutself-drivingcars,andforcompaniestooperatedriverlesstaxiservices.California,it

shouldbenoted,isn'tleadingthewayhere.Companieshavebeentestingtheirvehiclesincitiesacrossthecountry.

It'shardtopredictwhendriverlesscarswillbeeverywhereonourroads.Buthoweverlongittakes,thetechnology

hasthepotentialtochangeourtransportationsystemsandourcities,forbetterorforworse,dependingonhowthe

transformationisregulated.

Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafetyofdriverlesscars（andrightfullyso）,

policymakersalsoshouldbetalkingabouthowself-drivingvehiclescanhelpreducetrafficjams,cutemissions（排放）

andoffermoreconvenient,affordablemobilityoptions.Thearrivalofdriverlessvehiclesisachancetomakesure

thatthosevehiclesareenvironmentallyfriendlyandmoreshared.

Dowewanttocopy-orevenworsen-thetrafficoftodaywithdriverlesscars?Imagineafuturewheremost

adultsownindividualself-drivingvehicles.Theytoleratelong,slowjourneystoandfromworkonpackedhighways

becausetheycanwork,entertainthemselvesorsleepontheride,whichencouragesurbanspread.Theytaketheir

driverlesscartoanappointmentandsettheemptyvehicletocirclethebuildingtoavoidpayingforparking.Instead

ofwalkingafewblockstopickupachildorthedrycleaning,theysendtheself-drivingminibus.Theconvenience

evenleadsfewerpeopletotakepublictransport—anunwelcomesideeffectresearchershavealreadyfoundin

ride-hailing（叫车）services.

AstudyfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavissuggestedthatreplacingpetrol-poweredprivatecars

worldwidewithelectric,self-drivingandsharedsystemscouldreducecarbonemissionsfromtransportation80%and

cutthecostoftransportationinfrastructure（根底设施）andoperations40%by2050.Feweremissionsandcheaper

travelsoundprettyappealing.Thefirstcommerciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainlybefieldedby

ride-hailingservices,consideringthecostofself-drivingtechnologyaswellasliabilityandmaintenanceissues（责任

与维护问题）.Butdriverlesscarownershipcouldincreaseasthepricesdropandmorepeoplebecomecomfortable

withthetechnology.

Policymakersshouldstartthinkingnowabouthowtomakesuretheappearanceofdriverlessvehiclesdoesn't

extendtheworstaspectsofthecar-controlledtransportationsystemwehavetoday.Thecomingtechnological

advancementpresentsachanceforcitiesandstatestodeveloptransportationsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople,

andmoreaffordably.Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejusthavetoplanforit.

8.Accordingtotheauthor,attentionshouldbepaidtohowdriverlesscarscan.

A.helpdealwithtransportation-relatedproblems

B.providebetterservicestocustomers

C.causedamagetoourenvironment

D.makesomepeoplelosejobs

9.Asfordriverlesscars,whatistheauthor'smajorconcern?

A.Safety.B.Sideeffects.

C.Affordability.D.Management.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"fielded"inParagraph4probablymean?

A.Employed.B.Replaced.

C.Shared.D.Reduced.

11.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothefutureofself-drivingcars?

A.Doubtful.B.Positive.

C.Disapproving.D.Sympathetic.

【答案】8.A9.D10.A11.B

【解析】

【分析】本文为议论文。文章主要讨论有关无人驾驶汽车的开展前景和面临的问题。

【8题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafetyofdriverlesscars（and

rightfullyso）,policymakersalsoshouldbetalkingabouthowself-drivingvehiclescanhelpreducetrafficjams,cut

emissions（排放）andoffermoreconvenient,affordablemobilityoptions.可知，政策制定者应该讨论无人驾驶车

怎么帮助削减交通阻塞，减少尾气排放，提供更方便、更廉价的出行选择，由此可见人们应该多关注无人

驾驶车怎么帮助处理与交通有关的问题。应选A。

【9题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第一段Buthoweverlongittakes,thetechnologyhasthepotentialtochangeour

transportationsystemsandourcities,forbetterorforworse,dependingonhowthetransformationisregulated.可知,

不管花多长时间，这项技术都有可能改变我们的交通系统和我们的城市，不管是好是坏，这取决于如何这

种转变如何被标准，再根据文章最后一句话Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejusthavetoplanforit.可知，我

们需要为其做好方案，故作者的主要关注点是对这种转变的管理标准，应选D。

【10题详解】

词义猜想题。根据第四段Thefirstcommerciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainlybefieldedby

ride-hailingservices,consideringthecostofself-drivingtechnologyaswellasliabilityandmaintenanceissues（责任

与维护问题）,可知，鉴于自主驾驶的费用以及责任和维护问题，无人驾驶车几乎可以肯定将会被打车效劳使

用。故划线词是“被应用"的意思。A.Employed被应用；B.Replaced被取代；C.Shared被分享；D.Reduced

被减少。应选A。

【11题详解】

观点态度题。根据文章最后一段Thecomingtechnologicaladvancementpresentsachanceforcitiesandstatesto

developtransportationsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.Thecarofthefutureiscoming.

Wejusthavetoplanforit.中的advancement,movemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.以及planforit可推知，

作者是积极的态度。应选B。

点睛：根据用词风格，推断情感态度.一篇好的文章，其用词风格常常直接流露或蕴含作者的内心世界和

情感态度。所以阅读时要善于捕捉表达或暗示情感态度的词句或短语，捕捉那些衬托气氛，渲染情感的词

句，进而很好地洞察作者的思想倾向，是支持、反对抑或中立？对于选项而言，要分清选项中的褒义词、

中性词和贬义词，以此对照全文。

如此题最后一题为观点态度题，根据文中reducecarbonemissions,cutthecostoftransportation

infrastructure（根底设施）andoperations40%,appealing,comfortable,advancement,movemorepeople,andmore

affordably.,等词汇可以推断出作者对无人驾驶汽车持积极态度。应选B。

D

AmericanandCanadianoceanscientistsaretakinganunexpectedopportunitypresentedbythecoronavirus

pandemic.TheyaretryingtodiscoverwhetherPacificNorthwestwhalesbenefitfromthedropinboattrafficand

underwaternoise.

Stay-homelawshavegreatlyreducedentertainingboattripsandferrycrossingsthisspring.Commercialwhale

watchingtoursremainonhold.Largeshipscarryinggoodscontinuetocomeandgolessoften.Noiseandboat

disturbanceareconsideredmainreasonsforthedecreaseoftheNorthwesfsendangeredkillerwhalesbesides

reducingfoodsupplyandpollution.

“Fromakillerwhale'spointofview,nothavingfastmovingboatsaroundmightbequitebeneficial,“said

oceanographerScottVeirsofSeattle,whoisinchargeofanunderwatermicrophonenetworkcalledOreasound.

However,thedecreaseinseatrafficbythecoronaviruspandemicmaybeshort-lived,meaningarchershaveto

actfasttodocumentifthequieterseasmakehappier,healthierwhales.

“Wearealltryingtoremainready/'Veirssaid.uIfthepandemiccontinuestoaffectboattrafficfbrthenext

coupleofmonths,we'llhaveaveryrareactivitywhennoiselevelsarereduced.Ihopethathappens,opportunityto

observekillerwhaleactivitywhennoiselevelsarereduced.Ihopethathappens.”

ThepopulationofkillerwhalesinthewateroftheU.S.PacificNorthwestandsouthwesternBritishColumbia

hasreducedtoaround73.Theyusesoundtohunt,locateandcommunicate,butnoisefromboatenginescanaffectthe

soundwavestheymakeforecholocation（同声定位）.OtherlargerwhalesthatliveNorthwestwaterscommunicate

overlongerdistancesinafrequencyband（波段）thatisalmostthesamewiththelowfrequencynoisemadebylarge

containerships.

Veirsbelievesifwecontinuetonothaveanycommercialwhalewatchingandlimitourentertainingboating,the

killerwhaleswouldcertainlyexperiencelessofnoisedisturbancefromtheboats.

12.Whatdokillerwhalesbenefitfromthecoronaviruspandemic?

A.Reducednoiseandboatdisturbance.

B.Morewhalewatchingtourists.

C.Stricterlawsonoceanpollution.

D.Increasedfoodsupply.

13WhatistheconcernofScottVeirs?

A.Theecholocationfunctionofwhalesisdamaged.

B.Theoceantrafficmayincreasebeforelong.

C.Thefrequencybandwhalesuseissimilartoboats.

D.Thepopulationofkillerwhalesdropstooquickly.

14.WhatisParagraph6mainlyabout?

A.Thepopulationofkillerwhales.

B.Whynoisefromboatsaffectsthelifeofwhales.

C.Howkillerwhalesusesoundwaves.

D.Thefrequencybandkillerwhalesuse.

15.Wheredoesthepassagecomefrom?

A.Atraveldiary.B.Abrochure.

C.Sciencefiction.D.Asciencereport.

【答案】12.A13.B14.B15.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，冠状病毒流行病导致游船和渡轮活动减少，

水下噪音减低，这对鲸鱼的生存环境有益。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段内容"Stay-homelawshavegreatlyreducedentertainingboattripsandferrycrossingsthis

spring.Commercialwhalewatchingtoursremainonhold.Largeshipscarryinggoodscontinuetocomeandgoless

often.NoiseandboatdisturbanceareconsideredmainreasonsforthedecreaseoftheNorthwest'sendangeredkiller

whalesbesidesreducingfoodsupplyandpollution."（今年春天，居家的法律大大减少了游船和渡轮的娱乐活

动。商业观鲸旅游仍被搁置。运载货物的大型船只继续减少往来。除了减少食物供给和污染外，噪音和船

只干扰被认为是西北部濒危虎鲸数量减少的主要原因。）可知，因为冠状病毒流行病，国家公布了居家的法

律，减少了游船和渡轮的娱乐活动，进而减少了噪音和船只干扰，而噪音和船只干扰是导致虎鲸数量减少

的主要原因，由此可知，虎鲸从冠状病毒流行病中受益，因为冠状病毒流行病减少了噪音和船只干扰。应

选A项。

【13题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段内容“However,thedecreaseinseatrafficbythecoronaviruspandemicmaybeshort-lived,

meaningarchershavetoactfasttodocumentifthequieterseasmakehappier,healthierwhales."（然而，冠状病

毒流行病导致的海上交通量减少可能是短暂的，这意味着研究者必须迅速行动，记录更平静的海洋是否会

让鲸鱼更快乐、更健康。）可知，ScottVeirs认为冠状病毒流行病导致的海上交通量减少可能是短暂的，由

此可推断出，ScottVeirs担忧不久以后，海上交通可能会增加。应选B项。

【14题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第六段关键句"Theyusesoundtohunt,locateandcommunicate,butnoisefromboatenginescan

affectthesoundwavestheymakeforecholocation（同声定位）.OtherlargerwhalesthatliveNorthwestwaters

communicateoverlongerdistancesinafrequencyband（波段）thatisalmostthesamewiththelowfrequencynoise

madebylargecontainerships//（它们利用声音进行搜寻、定位和通信，但船引擎发出的噪音会影响它们为

同声定位而产生的声波。生活在西北水域的其他大型鲸鱼在一个频带内进行远距离通信，该频带与大型集

装箱船发出的低频噪声几乎相同。）可知，本段内容主要介绍了为什么船上的噪音会影响鲸鱼的生活，因为

鲸鱼利用声音进行搜寻、定位和通信，但船引擎发出的噪音会影响它们为同声定位而产生的声波，由此可

知，第六段内容主要介绍了为什么船上的噪音会影响鲸鱼的生活。应选B项。

35题详解】

推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段内容"AmericanandCanadianoceanscientistsaretakinganunexpected

opportunitypresentedbythecoronaviruspandemic.TheyaretryingtodiscoverwhetherPacificNorthwestwhales

benefitfromthedropinboattrafficandunderwaternoise."（美国和加拿大海洋科学家正在利用冠状病毒流行

病带来的意外时机。他们正试图发现太平洋西北部的鲸鱼是否受益于船运的减少和水下噪音的下降。）可知，

本文主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，冠状病毒流行病导致游船和渡轮活动减少，水下噪音减低，这对鲸鱼

的生存环境有益，由此可知，这篇文章应该出自一份科学报告。应选D项。

第二节（共5小题；每题2.5分，总分值12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

ThefirstWorldFriendshipDaywasproposedforJuly30,1958bytheWorldFriendshipCrusade,an

internationalcivilorganizationtofosteracultureofpeacethroughfriendship.16JustasintheUSandseveral

othercountries,thefestivalhasbeengreatlycommercialized（商业化）.

Daysbeforethefestival,cardandgiftcompanieslaunchalargecampaign（活动）toattractpeopleintobuying

cardsandgiftsfortheirfriends.Streetsandstoresarefilledwithadvertisingprogramsaimedatyoungpeople.

17Thismarketingstrategy（策略）hasbeenseverelycriticized（批判）bymanypeople.Manyfeelthatsuch

crazycommercializationhasdamagedthemeaningofFriendshipDay.

18especiallythepinkandyellowones.Thedayisobservedwithgreatpleasureandmerry.Ahighly

popularthingconnectedwiththedayisthewell-knownfriendshipband——themoderndaysymboloffriendshipthat

friendsgivetooneanothertoformaneverlastingbond.Friendshipbandsarethefavoriteitemsforyoungstersand

availableinstoresalloverthecountry.FriendshippoemsandFriendshipDaygiftsareexchangedbetweenbest

friendstorenewthebondoffriendshipandexpressgratitudeandloveforeachother.19

Sinceitsbeginningin1935,FriendshipDaycelebrationshavecomealongway.20FriendshipDay

remainsthetimewhenyouacknowledgeyourfriends,contributioninyourlife,expressloveforthem,cherishtheir

presenceinyourlifeandpaythemasalute.Today,FriendshipDayisbeingcelebratedaroundtheglobe,across

diverseculturesandsocialperiods.

A.ThepopularcustomsofFriendshipDayincludehandingoverroses,

B.TheideaofhonoringfriendshipwasadoptedbyafewcountriesinAsia.

C.Restaurantsofferspecialdiscountstomakethemostofthetimeaswell.

D.Thesedays,however,itiscelebratedwithalotofshowingoffandexpenses.

E.Thesearenewwaysofcelebrationofthisdaythathavegrowninpopularity.

F.TheoriginalideaforadayoffriendshipcamefromHallmarkcardsinthe1930s.

G.Buthowevermuchthewaysofcelebrationhavechanged,thebasicideabehindtheoccasionremainsthesame.

【答案】16.D17.C18.A19.E20.G

【解析】

【分析】本文是说明文。今天，世界各地不同文化和社会时期的人们都在庆祝友谊日。文章介绍了的世界

友谊日的来历及开展。

【16题详解】

根据下文JustasintheUSandseveralothercountries,thefestivalhasbeengreatlycommercialized（商业化）.（就

像在美国和其他几个国家一样，这个节日已经被极大地商业化了）可知，现在世界友谊日被极大地商业化

了。由此可知，DThesedays,however,itiscelebratedwithalotofshowingoffandexpenses.（然而，如今人

们用大量排场和花费来庆祝这个节日）符合语境。应选D。

【17题详解】

根据上文Streetsandstoresarefilledwithadvertisingprogramsaimedatyoungpeople.（街道和商店里到处都是

针对年轻人的广告节目）可知，此处列举各种营销策略。由此可知，C项Restaurantsofferspecialdiscountsto

makethemostofthetimeaswell.〔餐馆也提供特别的折扣来让年轻充分利用时间来消费）符合语境。aswell

“也”是解题的关键。应选C。

【18题详解】

根据下文especiallythepinkandyellowones（尤其是粉红色和黄色的）以及此处是半句，选项中只有A项不

是完整句子，可以补全这个句子。由此可知，A项ThepopularcustomsofFriendshipDayincludehandingover

roses,（友谊日的流行习俗包括送玫瑰）符合语境。应选A。

【19题详解】

根据上文Friendshipbandsarethefavoriteitemsforyoungstersandavailableinstoresalloverthecountry.

FriendshippoemsandFriendshipDaygiftsareexchangedbetweenbestfriendstorenewthebondoffriendshipand

expressgratitudeandloveforeachother.（友谊带是年轻人的最爱，在全国各地的商店都能买到。友谊诗和友

谊节礼物是最好的朋友之间交换，以更新友谊的纽带，表达感谢和爱对方）可知，此处在介绍一些庆祝友

谊日的新方式。由此可知,E项Thesearenewwaysofcelebrationofthisdaythathavegrowninpopularity.（这

些都是庆祝这一天的新方式，而且越来越受欢送）符合语境。应选E。

【20题详解】

根据上文Sinceitsbeginningin1935,FriendshipDaycelebrationshavecomealongway.（从1935年开始，友谊

日的庆祝活动已经走过了很长的路）及下文FriendshipDayremainsthetimewhenyouacknowledgeyourfriends,

contributioninyourlife,expressloveforthem,cherishtheirpresenceinyourlifeandpaythemasalute.（在友谊日，

你要感谢朋友对你生活的奉献，表达你对他们的爱，珍惜他们在你生活中的存在，向他们敬礼）可知，G

项Buthowevermuchthewaysofcelebrationhavechanged,thebasicideabehindtheoccasionremainsthesame.

（但是，不管庆祝的方式发生了多大的变化，这个节日背后的根本思想是不变的）符合语境。应选G。

【点睛】七选五题型主要考查上下文的理解与推断，虽然文章整体难度一般低于阅读理解，但是却给很多

同学造成了很大的心理障碍。七个选项中选五个，比四个选项中选一个，感觉干扰性更大，很大同学在做

这个题目时，总有一种眼花缭乱、心烦气躁的感觉，致使往往正确率不高。在这里提醒同学们，首先要克

服心理障碍，同时要注意方式方法。其次，注意设空前后的句子，因为这些句子之间是顺承和联系的，所

有一定要联系和理解上下文的语境。例如第3小题，根据下文especiallythepinkandyellowones（尤其是粉

红色和黄色的〕以及此处是半句，选项中只有A项不是完整句子，可以补全这个句子。由此可知，A项The

popularcustomsofFriendshipDayincludehandingoverroses,（友谊日的流行习俗包括送玫瑰）符合文意。应

选Ao

第三局部英语知识运用（共两节，总分值45分）

第一节完形填空（共15小题；每题1分，总分值15分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最正

确选项。

Inalmosteveryphotofromour1986familyvacationtoWashingtonD.C.,