UNIT4SPACEEXPLORATION单元综合检测提升练（含答案）高中英语核心要点突破和检测（人教版2019）

UNIT4SPACEEXPLORATION综合检测提升练（含答案）单词练。根据语境和汉语意思填合适的单词，注意单词变形。1.Third，reusablegarbageshould__________(回收利用)asmuchaspossible.2.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnatural__________(资源)wisely.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)3.Though__________(缺乏)money，hisfamilylivedanenjoyablelife.4.Heheadedtothebar，__________(示意)tothegirlthatshecouldtakepartinthecampaign__________(发起)bythepany.5.Asweallknow，YangLiweiandWangYapingarefamous__________(宇航员)inChina.6.YuanLongpingmadesuchagreatcontributionto__________(人类)thathewasrespectedandadmiredbypeopleallovertheworld.派生单词练。语法填空1.ShemanagedasmilewhenIsteppedovertoher，andmyanger，__________(disappoint)andheartbreakfadedaway.2.Inaddition，takeanactivepartinthevoluntaryactivities__________(launch)bytheoceanorganizations.(2022·全国甲卷)3.WhatcountsisthatIcan’twaittoearnsomepocketmoneytoprovemy__________(independent).4.Thedesire__________(win)gloryfortheircountryimpelstheathletestotraindiligently.5.Bytakingexercise__________(regular)，Ihavegrownhealthynotonlyphysically，butalso__________(mental)inthepastyears.6.Just9%ofglobalplasticwaste__________(recycle).Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsourceofplasticpollution.(2021·全国乙卷)7.Itis__________(universe)acknowledgedthatwealthdoesn’tnecessarilymeanhappiness.8.Whenaskedwhetherhewas__________tobeanastronaut，theboyjustlookedatmewith__________.(determine)9.An__________aboutwhetherpeopleshouldcarryonwithspaceexplorationtookplaceattheconferenceandsomepeople__________thatweshouldstopwastingtimeandmoneyonit.(argue)10.Aperson’slifeis__________butknowledgeis__________.(limit)三、短语练。根据语境填合适的短语。1.Allpassengers__________areexpectedtofastentheseatbeltswhentheplanetakesoffandlands.2.Mankindisexploringspace__________findingoutmoreabouttheuniverse.3.Researchhasshownthathavingapreferenceforjunkfoodcan__________obesity.4.__________，exploringspaceprovidestheworldwithmanydifferentbenefits.5.Wefinallyreachedasmallhotelbutunfortunately，wefoundourmoney__________.四、句型练。1.句型公式：be＋adj./n.＋todo他有很多朋友，因为他容易相处。Hehasmanyfriendsbecause____________________.2.句型公式：状语从句的省略在准备比赛时，你需要对中国故事有很多了解。____________________，youneedtohavemuchknowledgeaboutChinesestories.3.句型公式：the＋序数词(＋n.)＋动词不定式我真的很想采访杨利伟，因为他不仅是第一个去太空的中国人，还是世界上最伟大的宇航员之一。IwouldreallyliketointerviewYangLiweibecauseheisnotonly____________________butalsooneofthegreatestastronautsintheworld.五、话题阅读练。阅读理解AThemostwonderfulspacemuseumsNationalMuseumoftheU.S.AirForce|DaytonIfyourmaininterestslieinmilitaryaviation,thismuseumwillhaveeverythingyou’veeverwantedtosee.ItfeaturesexhibitsonWorldWarII,theKoreanWar,theSoutheastAsiaWarandtheColdWar.They’vealsogotaMissileGalleryaswellasaSpaceGallerywherevisitorscanwalkinsideafullsizereproductionofaNASAshuttle(航天飞机).Mostimpressively,itistotallyfreetovisitors.SmithsonianNationalAirandSpaceMuseum|WashingtonHousing60,000airandspacecollections,themuseumenablesvisitorstolearnabouttherichhistoryofaviation(航空)byviewingthefirstsuccessfulaircraft(飞机)—the1903WrightFlyer—andeverythingthatcamenext.FrompilotuniformstoNASAspacesuits,enginesandequipment,you’llfinditallatthismuseum.U.S.SpaceandRocketCenter|HuntsvilleSpacefansknowthismuseumtobethesiteoftheoriginalSpaceCamp,includingthefilmbythesamename,butthere’splentymoretoseehere.TheCenterhasanumberofexhibitsbothindoorsandoutandmanyplayareasforyoungerkids.3Dmoviesandlivescienceshowsaddtotheappeal.PimaAir&SpaceMuseum|TucsonTheprivatelyfundedmuseumhasbeeninoperationforover40yearsandhasover300historicaircraftondisplay.You’llalsofindseveralexhibitsthatrangefromseaplanesandaircraftcarrierstopaperairplanesandwomeninflight.Oneofthebiggestdraws,though,isitsextensive“boneyard”,acollectionofover4,000U.S.governmentandmilitaryaircraftthatareeitherbeingrecycledorregenerated.1．Whichmuseumhousesthefirstaircraftinhistory?A．PimaAir&SpaceMuseum.B．SmithsonianNationalAirandSpaceMuseum.C．NationalMuseumoftheU.S.AirForce.D．U.S.SpaceandRocketCenter.2．WhatdoweknowabouttheNationalMuseumoftheU.S.AirForce?A．Ithasahistoryof40years.B．Itchargesasmallentrancefee.C．Itorganizesspacecampseveryyear.D．Ithasashuttleofthesamesizeasarealone.3．Whereisthemuseumfamousforits“boneyard”?A．Huntsville. B．Dayton. C．Tucson. D．Washington.BAfterdecadesofexploringthemoon,adramaticvisionisfinallybeingreality.TheGuardianrecentlyreportedthataprojectcalledLunarCodexisplanningtosendandstoreover30,000worksonthemoonfromartists,writers,filmmakers,andmusiciansfromover150countriesandregions.Thegoodstobestoredrangefromnovelsandpaintingstomusic,films，andevensoilfromEarth.Infact,thisisnotthefirsttimethatpeoplehavetriedsendinghumanlegacies(遗产)toouterspace.In1969,theApollo12missioncarriedaceramicpiecewithdrawings.In1971,theApollo15staffleftasculpturetohonorthosewhohaddiedinspaceexploration.What’smorefamousistheGoldenRecordcarriedbyspacecraftVoyager1and2fromNASAin1977,whichcontainshumanlanguage,musicandimages.Forexample,apieceofChineseguqinmusic,calledFlowingStreamswasincludedinit.Althoughwedon’tknowwhodetermineswhichsymbolsofhumanlegacygetsentouttospaceinmostprojects,it’sobviousthatthecriteriakeepchanging.Inthepast，spaceheritageproductsonlyfocusedonspacerelatedworks;butgradually,morehumanrelatedcontemporarygoodswhichheldgreatimportanceintheirrespectiveerashavebeenaddedtothelist.IntheLunarCodex,films,diverseartandliteraryworksproducedbywomen,disabledartists,andevenAIhavebeencollectedforthefirsttimetobesenttothemoon.Thesechangingcriteriaalsoleavespaceforordinarypeopletoimagineandthink.ManypeoplearenowtryingtostoretheirDNAinformationdigitally.Willpeoplebeabletofindevenmoresurprisingandinventivewaystopreservetheirlegacyinthefuture?Onlytimecantell.4．Whatisthegoaloftheproject?A．Tomakethemoonlivable. B．Toshowrespecttoartists.C．Toenrichthelifeofastronauts. D．Topreservehumanlegacies.5．HowisParagraph2mainlydeveloped?A．Byexplainingreasons. B．Bygivingexamples.C．Bymakingparisons D．Byanalyzingpreviousdata.6．Whatdoesthechangeofthecriteriareflect?A．AItechnologyisamazing. B．Theselectiverulesarestrict.C．Humancivilizationisinclusive. D．Spacerelatedworksarepopular.7．Wheredoesthetextmostprobablyefrom?A．Amagazine. B．Atextbook. C．Anadvertisement. D．Aposter.CItisasmallstepforaplant,andagiantleapforplantkind.Asprouting(发芽)cottonseedonChina’sChang’e4lunarlanderisthefirstplantevertogrowinanotherworld,indicatinganeweraforlifeinspace.Seeds,includingcotton,arabidopsis(拟南芥),oilseedrape(油菜)andpotatowerecarriedtotheMoonasapartofbiologicalexperiment,alongwithfruitflyeggsandsomeyeasts(酵母).PicturessentbackbytheprobeshowthecottonseedssproutingonJanuary7,2019,afewdaysafterChang’e4landedonthefarsideoftheMoon.Theorganisms(生物)areinasealedcan,protectedfromtheextremetemperaturesandradiationonthesurface.“UnderstandinghowtogrowplantsinspacewillhelplaythefoundationforhumansettlementontheMoon,”ascientistleadingtheexperimenttoldtheSouthChinaMorningPost.Thesixorganismsareintendedtoformaminiecosystem,withtheplantsmakingoxygenandfoodtosustainthefruitflies.Yeastscouldprocesstheflies’wasteanddeadplantstoprovideanotherfoodsource.Inafuturehumansettlement,potatoescouldprovidefood,rapeseedcouldbeasourceofoilandcottoncouldbeusedforclothing.Astudyin2014reportedthatplantscouldsproutandgrowinlunarsoilfor50dayswithoutanyadditionalnutrients(营养物).Overlongerperiods,humanwastecouldhelpsupportplants’nutritionalneeds.Theselunargreenshootsaren’tthefirstplantsinspace.AstronautsontheInternationalSpaceStationhavegrowncropsincludingpeas,radishesandcucumbers.Theygottheirfirstbitesofspacegrownromainelettucein2015.TheChinaNationalSpaceAdministrationeventuallyhopestoputhumansontheMoon.“WearestudyingtheprogramofsendingastronautstotheMoon,butit’sstillinveryearlystages,”adeputydirectortoldtheSouthChinaMorningPost.“Wehaven’tgottheapprovalyet.”8．WhenmightChang’e4landonthefarsideoftheMoon?A．OnJanuary7,2019. B．OnJanuary3,2019.C．OnFebruary28,2014. D．OnFebruary3,2015.9．WhatisthebenefitofgrowingplantsontheMoon?A．Ithelpsscientistsunderstandtheecosysteminspace.B．IthelpspeoplelivingontheMoonfeedthemselves.C．Ithelpssupportplants’nutritionalneedsinspace.D．IthelpssetthebasisforestablishingsettlementsontheMoon.10．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Oxygencreatedbyplantsprovidesafoodsource.B．Thepurposeoftheseorganismsistoformasmallecosystem.C．Theyeasthardlyplaysaroleindealingwithfruitflies’waste.D．Theorganismscanresistextremeheatandcoldintheenvironment.11．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A．LivingontheMoonB．FlyingtotheMoonC．GardenonMoon’sFarSideD．HumanSettlementonMoon’sFarSideDItsoundslikesomethingfromthefieldofsciencefiction—aspaceexplorationintovastouterspace,headingtowardstheRedPlanetWhilewe’renotquitereadytoputapersononit,thequestionweasktodayis:12ThespaceracesawtheUSSR(theUnionofSovietSocialistRepublics)andUSApetetoachievefirstsinspaceflight.TheUSSRreleasedSputnik1,anartificialsatellite,beforeanyoneelse,13NowitappearsthatMarsisthebodyofdesire.Whiletobethefirstnationtolandonitisanobviousdraw,thereareotherreasonswhywewanttogetthere.14Youonlyhavetolookatthefossilsofthedinosaurstoseethebenefitoffindinganotherhabitableplanet.WhileMarsdoesn’thavetherightconditionstocallithomejustyet,there'salwaystheconceptofterraformingchangingtheenvironmentofaplanettosuitourneeds.However,noteveryoneagrees.LeadingastrophysicistNeildeGrasseTysonhassaidtheconceptofchanginghabitabilityofaplanetisnotalwayspractical.15Itseemsthatthemainreasonatthemomentisthesearchforalien(外星的)life.16Nowseeminglydead,thepotentialfossilscouldanswerquestionsaboutourownevolutionandthatofourplanet.Onetheoryisthatbacteriallifeonourplanetdidn'tstarthere,butwasbroughthereviaasteroidfromMars.A．andtheUSlandedonthemoonfirst.B．Instead,itmakesnosensewhenwecansimplyterraformEarthbecauseofthedamagewehavedonetoit.C．Oneofthesecouldbethesurvivalofourspecies.D．WhyaresomanycountriesinterestedingoingtoMars?E．Ithasbeenbelievedthat,atonetime,acertainformoflifedidexistinthisredplanet.F．Surelyinspiringanewgenerationtovisitthestarsisreasonableenough.G．MaylandingonMarsinspiremorepeopletobeeinterestedinexploringspace?EAswecontinuetoexplorefartheroutintooursolarsystemandbeyond,thequestionofhumanslivingonotherplanetsoftenesup.MannedbasesontheMoonorMarsforexample,havelongbeenadreamofmany.Thereisanaturalcuriositytoexploreasfaraswecango,andalsotomakehumanexistencepermanent(永久的).Inordertodothis,however,itisnecessarytoadapttodifferentextremeenvironments.OntheMoonforexample,asettlementmustbeselfsupportingandprotectitsinhabitantsfromtheairless,severeenvironmentoutside.Mars,though,isdifferent.WhilefuturebasescouldadapttotheMartianenvironmentovertimethereisalsothepossibilityofmodifying(改造)thesurroundingenvironmentinsteadofjustcoexistingwithit.Thisistheprocessofterraforming—adjustingMars’atmosphereandenvironmenttomakeitmoreEarthlike.Butthebiggerquestionis,shouldwe?OneofthemainissuesiswhetherMarshasanynativelifeornotandifitdoes,shoulditbepreservedasmuchaspossible?Iftheanswerisyes,thenlargescalehumansettlementsonMarsshouldbepletelyofflimits.Smallsettlementmightbefine,butlivingonMarsshouldnotbeatthecostofanynativehabitats,iftheyexist.IfMarsishometoanyindigenouslife,thenterraformingshouldbeanonissue;itsimplyshouldnotbedone.WhatifMarsislifeless?Evenifnolifeexiststhere,thatuntouchedanduniquealienenvironmentneedstobepreservedasitisasmuchaspossible.We’vealreadydonetoomuchdamagehereonourownplanet.BystudyingMarsandotherplanetsandmoonsintheirpresentnaturalstate,wecanlearnsomuchabouttheirhistoryandalsolearnmoreaboutourownworld.Weshouldappreciatethedifferencesofotherworldsinsteadofjusttransformingthemtosuitourownambitions.17．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．IstherelifeonMars? B．CanweadapttoMars?C．ShouldweterraformMars? D．AreMarsandEarthSoDifferent?18．WhatdoestheauthorthinkweshoulddoiflifeisfoundonMars?A．Ensurethatit’snotharmed. B．MakepeacewiththeMartians.C．Changetheunpopulatedregions. D．Assesstheadvantagesanddisadvantages.19．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“indigenous”inparagraph3mean?A．Advanced. B．Native. C．Foreign. D．Intelligent20．Howdoestheauthordevelophisideasinthetext?A．Byreferringtoothers’research.B．Bymentingondifferentplanets.C．Byprovingthebenefitsofterraforming.D．Byarguinginsupportofoneviewpoint.二、完形填空ItiswellknownthatChinahasmadeclearplanstosendastronautstolandontheMoonbefore2030andissteadily21.However,Chinahasdonemanythingsbesidesthat.ManycountriesareinterestedinMars(火星).Sofar,about50Marsmissionshavebeen22globally.Butnearlyhalfofthemhave23togetthere.The24aboutfailurewentwithTianwen1,China’sfirstMarsexploringprobe,whichwaslaunchedonJuly23,2020.Afteraround10monthsoftravelling,thecraftlanded25onthesurfaceoftheplanetonMay15,2021.Thegoodnewsthatwemade26metwithbothreliefandcelebrationinthecountryandtheconcerndisappeared.ThesuccessmarksthatChinahasbeeoneoftheleading27ofouterspace.ItalsorevealsthatChinahasgotbreakthroughs(突破)inthedevelopmentofspaceexplorationtechnologiesastheyareallentirelydeveloped28.WhycanChinadothiswithoutanyoutsidehelp?Itisthecandospirit.TheChinesepeopleusewisdomandcourageto29allthedifficulties.Intheearly1960s,whenthecountry30apoorandbackwardcountry,thegovernmentdecidedto31rocketandspacetechnologies:Withthecorrectdirectionandcontinuousefforts,wegettowherewearetodaystep32step.OnApril29,2021,ChinasentTianheCoreModule(天和核心舱)intospace,33theconstructionofChina’sspacestation.Twoweeksago,threeastronautstookShenzhou17tothestationandbegantheir6monthsofworkingandlivingthere.Chinahasbeendevotedtothepeacefuluseofouterspaceandhasmademany34toit.Insomeofthespacemissions,Chinawelesthe35whohavethesamebelief.Let’sexpectwhatChinawillachieveinthefuture!21．A．puttingoff B．slowingdown C．pushingforward D．steppingback22．A．carriedout B．carriedaway C．carriedoff D．carriedon23．A．failed B．begun C．succeeded D．attempted24．A．loss B．concern C．awareness D．ignorance25．A．obviously B．calmly C．suddenly D．successfully26．A．it B．that C．which D．one27．A．applicants B．officials C．explorers D．judges28．A．independentlyB．definitely C．quickly D．fortunately29．A．getback B．getover C．getalong D．getup30．A．measured B．accounted C．remained D．attracted31．A．remove B．exchange C．regret D．develop32．A．on B．in C．by D．about33．A．starting B．counting C．suffering D．cutting34．A．advances B．contributions C．mistakes D．efforts35．A．PartnersB．workers C．teachers D．enemies参考答案一、单词练。根据语境和汉语意思填合适的单词，注意单词变形。1.Third，reusablegarbageshouldberecycled(回收利用)asmuchaspossible.2.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresources(资源)wisely.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)3.Thoughlacking(缺乏)money，hisfamilylivedanenjoyablelife.4.Heheadedtothebar，signal(l)ing(示意)tothegirlthatshecouldtakepartinthecampaignlaunched(发起)bythepany.5.Asweallknow，YangLiweiandWangYapingarefamousastronauts(宇航员)inChina.6.YuanLongpingmadesuchagreatcontributiontomankind(人类)thathewasrespectedandadmiredbypeopleallovertheworld.二、派生单词练。语法填空1.ShemanagedasmilewhenIsteppedovertoher，andmyanger，disappointment(disappoint)andheartbreakfadedaway.2.Inaddition，takeanactivepartinthevoluntaryactivitieslaunched(launch)bytheoceanorganizations.(2022·全国甲卷)3.WhatcountsisthatIcan’twaittoearnsomepocketmoneytoprovemyindependence(independent).4.Thedesiretowin(win)gloryfortheircountryimpelstheathletestotraindiligently.5.Bytakingexerciseregularly(regular)，Ihavegrownhealthynotonlyphysically，butalsomentally(mental)inthepastyears.6.Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled(recycle).Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsourceofplasticpollution.(2021·全国乙卷)7.Itisuniversally(universe)acknowledgedthatwealthdoesn’tnecessarilymeanhappiness.8.Whenaskedwhetherhewasdeterminedtobeanastronaut，theboyjustlookedatmewithdetermination.(determine)9.Anargumentaboutwhetherpeopleshouldcarryonwithspaceexplorationtookplaceattheconferenceandsomepeoplearguedthatweshouldstopwastingtimeandmoneyonit.(argue)10.Aperson’slifeislimitedbutknowledgeislimitless.(limit)三、短语练。根据语境填合适的短语。1.Withpopcornfillingalargebasket，thelittleboyheadedtothenearbymarketinhighspirits.2.Apartfromenjoyingthefolkartworks，visitingthispapercuttingexhibitionalsomakesuslearnalot.3.TheSmithsvisitedmanyplacesinChina，includingBeijing，ShanghaiandChengdu，tonamebutafew.4.Itwasnotlongbeforetheylefttheirvillagetotrytheirluckandseektheirfortuneinthesouthduringthegoldrush.5.Soshedideverythinginherpowertocalmhimdownandsharedaseriesoflearningtipswithhim.四、句型练。1.句型公式：be＋adj./n.＋todo他有很多朋友，因为他容易相处。Hehasmanyfriendsbecauseheiseasytogetalong/onwith.2.句型公式：状语从句的省略在准备比赛时，你需要对中国故事有很多了解。Whenpreparingforthepetition，youneedtohavemuchknowledgeaboutChinesestories.3.句型公式：the＋序数词(＋n.)＋动词不定式我真的很想采访杨利伟，因为他不仅是第一个去太空的中国人，还是世界上最伟大的宇航员之一。IwouldreallyliketointerviewYangLiweibecauseheisnotonlythefirstChinesetogotospacebutalsooneofthegreatestastronautsintheworld.五、话题阅读练。1．B2．D3．C【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四个最精彩的太空博物馆。1．细节理解题。根据“SmithsonianNationalAirandSpaceMuseum|Washington”下面的“Housing60,000airandspacecollections,themuseumenablesvisitorstolearnabouttherichhistoryofaviation(航空)byviewingthefirstsuccessfulaircraft(飞机)—the1903WrightFlyer—andeverythingthatcamenext.(博物馆收藏了60000件航空和航天藏品，游客可以通过观看第一架成功的飞机——1903年的莱特飞行器——以及接下来的一切来了解航空的丰富历史。)”可知，史密森尼国家航空航天博物馆中收藏了历史上的第一架飞机。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据“NationalMuseumoftheU.S.AirForce|Dayton”下面的“They’vealsogotaMissileGalleryaswellasaSpaceGallerywherevisitorscanwalkinsideafullsizereproductionofaNASAshuttle(航天飞机).(他们还有一个导弹画廊和一个太空画廊，游客可以在这里走进美国国家航空航天局航天飞机的全尺寸复制品。)”可知，美国空军国家博物馆中有一架全尺寸复制的航天飞机。故选D。3．细节理解题。根据“PimaAir&SpaceMuseum|Tucson”下面的“Oneofthebiggestdraws,though,isitsextensive“boneyard”,acollectionofover4,000U.S.governmentandmilitaryaircraftthatareeitherbeingrecycledorregenerated.(然而，最大的吸引力之一是其庞大的“飞机坟场”，它汇集了4000多架正在回收或重建的美国政府和军用飞机。)”可知，位于图森的皮马航空航天博物馆以其巨大的“飞机坟场”而出名。故选C。4．D5．B6．C7．A【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是经过几十年的月球探索，一个戏剧性的愿景终于成为现实，即人类的许多象征性遗产将被储存在月球上。4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“TheGuardianrecentlyreportedthataprojectcalledLunarCodexisplanningtosendandstoreover30,000worksonthemoonfromartists,writers,filmmakers,andmusiciansfromover150countriesandregions.(《卫报》最近报道称，一个名为LunarCodex的项目计划将来自150多个国家和地区的艺术家、作家、电影制作人和音乐家的3万多件作品发送并储存在月球上。)”可知，此处活动将一些人类的艺术作品发送并储存在月球上，由此可知，此次活动的目的是保护一些人类的艺术作品和文化遗产。故选D项。5．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“In1969,theApollo12missioncarriedaceramicpiecewithdrawings.In1971,theApollo15staffleftasculpturetohonorthosewhohaddiedinspaceexploration.What’smorefamousistheGoldenRecordcarriedbyspacecraftVoyager1and2fromNASAin1977,whichcontainshumanlanguage,musicandimages.Forexample,apieceofChineseguqinmusic,calledFlowingStreamswasincludedinit.(1969年，阿波罗12号的任务携带了一件带有图画的陶瓷作品。1971年，阿波罗15号的工作人员留下了一座雕塑，以纪念那些在太空探索中遇难的人。更著名的是1977年美国宇航局的旅行者1号和2号携带的黄金唱片，其中包含了人类语言、音乐和图像。例如，其中包括一首名为流水的中国古筝音乐。)”可知，文中提到了不同年代的送上太空作品的例子，由此可知，本段是通过举例子的手法介绍的。故选B项。6．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Althoughwedon’tknowwhodetermineswhichsymbolsofhumanlegacygetsentouttospaceinmostprojects,it’sobviousthatthecriteriakeepchanging.Inthepast，spaceheritageproductsonlyfocusedonspacerelatedworks;butgradually,morehumanrelatedcontemporarygoodswhichheldgreatimportanceintheirrespectiveerashavebeenaddedtothelist.IntheLunarCodex,films,diverseartandliteraryworksproducedbywomen,disabledartists,andevenAIhavebeencollectedforthefirsttimetobesenttothemoon.(虽然我们不知道在大多数项目中是谁决定将哪些人类遗产的象征送入太空，但很明显，标准在不断变化。过去，空间遗产产品只关注与空间相关的作品;但渐渐地，更多与人类有关的、在各自时代具有重要意义的当代商品被加入了名单。在LunarCodex中，首次收集了电影、女性、残疾人艺术家制作的各种艺术和文学作品，甚至人工智能也被送往月球。)”可知，随着标准的不断变化，越来越多的与人类有关的、在各自时代具有重要意义的当代商品被加入了送往太空的人类遗产名单，由此可以推断人类文明是包容的。故选C项。7．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“TheGuardianrecentlyreportedthataprojectcalledLunarCodexisplanningtosendandstoreover30,000worksonthemoonfromartists,writers,filmmakers,andmusiciansfromover150countriesandregions.Thegoodstobestoredrangefromnovelsandpaintingstomusic,films，andevensoilfromEarth.(《卫报》最近报道称，一个名为“月球法典”的项目计划将来自150多个国家和地区的艺术家、作家、电影制作人和音乐家的3万多件作品发送并储存在月球上。储存的物品从小说、绘画到音乐、电影，甚至是地球上的土壤。)”以及文章其他段落的内容可知，文章主要内容与月球探索有关，所以文章有可能出自一本与月球探索有关的杂志。故选A项。8．B9．D10．B11．C【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了“嫦娥四号”携带植物种子在月球上进行种植相关试验，最终棉花种子成功发芽。8．细节理解题。根据第三段“PicturessentbackbytheprobeshowthecottonseedssproutingonJanuary7,2019,afewdaysafterChang’e4landedonthefarsideoftheMoon.(探测器发回的照片显示，2019年1月7日，也就是嫦娥四号在月球背面着陆几天后，棉籽开始发芽)”可知，嫦娥四号在月球背面着陆几天后的2019年1月7日，探测器发回的照片；由此可知，嫦娥四号在月球背面着陆的时间在2019年1月7日之前，故选B项。9．细节理解题。根据第四段“Theorganisms(生物)areinasealedcan,protectedfromtheextremetemperaturesandradiationonthesurface.“UnderstandinghowtogrowplantsinspacewillhelplaythefoundationforhumansettlementontheMoon,”ascientistleadingtheexperimenttoldtheSouthChinaMorningPost.(这些生物被放在一个密封的罐子里，免受表面极端温度和辐射的影响。‘了解如何在太空中种植植物将有助于为人类在月球上定居奠定基础，’领导该实验的一名科学家告诉《南华早报》)”可知，在月球上种植植物有助于为在月球上建立定居点奠定基础。故选D项。10．细节理解题。根据第五段中“Thesixorganismsareintendedtoformaminiecosystem,withtheplantsmakingoxygenandfoodtosustainthefruitflies.(这六种生物旨在形成一个微型生态系统，植物制造氧气和食物来维持果蝇)”可知，这些生物的目的是形成一个小的生态系统。故选B项。11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Asprouting(发芽)cottonseedonChina’sChang’e4lunarlanderisthefirstplantevertogrowinanotherworld,indicatinganeweraforlifeinspace.(中国“嫦娥四号”月球着陆器上一颗正在发芽的棉籽是有史以来第一颗在另一个世界生长的植物，标志着太空生命的新时代的到来)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了“嫦娥四号”携带植物种子在月球上进行种植相关试验，最终棉花种子成功发芽，所以C项“GardenonMoon’sFarSide(月球背面的花园)”符合文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选C项。12．D13．A14．C15．B16．F【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明人类为什么热衷于探索火星，介绍了人类历史中对太空的探索行动，分析了人类想登陆火星背后的原因以及人们对此的看法。12．根据前文“Itsoundslikesomethingfromthefieldofsciencefiction—aspaceexplorationintovastouterspace,headingtowardstheRedPlanetWhilewe’renotquitereadytoputapersononit,thequestionweasktodayis(这听起来像是科幻小说里的情节——向广阔的外太空进行太空探索，驶向红色星球。虽然我们还没有完全准备好把人送上火星，但我们今天要问的问题是)”可知，空处应是提出具体问题，且和探索火星有关，所以D项“WhyaresomanycountriesinterestedingoingtoMars?(为什么这么多国家对去火星感兴趣？)”符合文意。故选D项。13．根据前文“ThespaceracesawtheUSSR(theUnionofSovietSocialistRepublics)andUSApetetoachievefirstsinspaceflight.TheUSSRreleasedSputnik1,anartificialsatellite,beforeanyoneelse,(太空竞赛见证了苏联(苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟)和美国争夺太空飞行的第一名。苏联比任何人都早发射人造卫星“斯普特尼克1号”)”可知，此处讲述美苏太空竞赛各自的成就，前文说的苏联，所以空处应是美国的成就，A项“andtheUSlandedonthemoonfirst.(而美国则率先登陆月球)”符合文意，且和前文构成并列关系。故选A项。14．分析设空，位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“Youonlyhavetolookatthefossilsofthedinosaurstoseethebenefitoffindinganotherhabitableplanet.WhileMarsdoesn’thavetherightconditionstocallithomejustyet,there'salwaystheconceptofterraformingchangingtheenvironmentofaplanettosuitourneeds.(你只需要看看恐龙的化石就能知道找到另一个适宜居住的星球的好处。虽然火星目前还不具备适宜居住的条件，但改造地球的概念一直存在——改变行星的环境以适应我们的需要)”可知，本段主要讲述了探索火星事关人类生存，所以C项“Oneofthesecouldbethesurvivalofourspecies.(其中之一可能是人类的生存)”符合文意，为本段中心句。故选C项。15．根据前文“However,noteveryoneagrees.LeadingastrophysicistNeildeGrasseTysonhassaidtheconceptofchanginghabitabilityofaplanetisnotalwayspractical.(然而，并非所有人都同意。著名天体物理学家尼尔·德格拉斯·泰森曾说，改变行星可居住性的概念并不总是切实可行的)”可知，此处讲述并不是所有人认为改变行星可居住性的概念是可行的，所以B项“Instead,itmakesnosensewhenwecansimplyterraformEarthbecauseofthedamagewehavedonetoit.(相反，鉴于我们对地球造成的破坏，对地球进行地球化改造毫无意义)”符合文意，且和前文构成转折关系。故选B项。16．根据前文“Itseemsthatthemainreasonatthemomentisthesearchforalien(外星的)life.(目前的主要原因似乎是寻找外星生命)”可知，F项“Surelyinspiringanewgenerationtovisitthestarsisreasonableenough.(当然，鼓励新一代去拜访星星是很合理的)”是对前句的进一步补充，符合文意。故选F项。17．C18．A19．B20．D【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了人类是否应该移民火星，在火星上大规模建造定居点这个问题。17．主旨大意题。第一、二段提出问题：我们应该调整火星的大气和环境，使它更像地球吗？第三段提出：首先要弄清楚火星上是否有原生生命，如果有，那么在火星上建造大规模人类定居点应该是完全禁止的。第四段提出：如果火星没有生命，也要尽可能地保护原始的、独特的外星环境，不能为了自己的野心而伤害火星。综上，文章主要回答了这个问题：人类是否应该移民火星，在火星上大规模建造定居点，C项“我们应该将火星地球化（以适合人类居住）吗”。故选C项。18．细节理解题。由第三段中“Iftheanswerisyes,thenlargescalehumansettlementsonMarsshouldbepletelyofflimits.Smallsettlementmightbefine,butlivingonMarsshouldnotbeatthecostofanynativehabitats,iftheyexist.(如果答案是肯定的，那么火星上的大规模人类定居点应该是完全禁止的。小规模的定居可能没问题，但在火星上生活不应该以任何原生栖息地为代价，如果它们存在的话)”可知，如果火星上存在任何原生栖息地，火星上的大规模人类定居点应该是要完全禁止的，小规模的定居生活在火星上也不应该以牺牲火星土著生命为代价，即：要保证火星生物不受伤害。故选A项。19．词句猜测题。由第三段“OneofthemainissuesiswhetherMarshasanynativelifeornotandifitdoes,shoulditbepreservedasmuchaspossible?Iftheanswerisyes,thenlargescalehumansettlementsonMarsshouldbepletelyofflimits.Smallsettlementmig