高考总复习优化设计二轮用书英语(新高考)专题2 NO.2　题型微技法•突破七选五13技法

高考总复习优化设计GAOKAOZONGFUXIYOUHUASHEJI2024专题二七选五NO.2题型微技法•突破七选五13技法维度1维度2目录索引0102维度303维度1自主练透送分点——外在线索题技法1关注小标题若是针对段落小标题设空,其呈现形式应和其他小标题相同。因此,考生做题时,应观察其他段落标题的句式结构,然后,根据结构相同的原则,缩小范围,选择短小精悍,多为名词词组、动词-ing形式的短语或祈使句作为小标题。[典例](2023全国甲卷节选)•Make

yourself

waitInstant

gratification

(满足)

may

seem

like

the

most

“feel

good”

option

at

the

time,but

psychology

research

suggests

waiting

for

things

actually

makes

us

happier

in

the

long

run.And

the

only

way

for

us

to

get

into

the

habit

of

waiting

is

to

practice.38.Start

with

small

tasks.Put

off

watching

your

favorite

show

until

the

weekend

or

wait

10

extra

minutes

before

going

for

that

cake.You’ll

soon

find

that

the

more

patience

you

practice,the

more

you

start

to

apply

it

to

other,more

annoying

situations.

•

39

So

many

of

us

have

the

belief

that

being

comfortable

is

the

only

state

we

will

tolerate,and

when

we

experience

something

outside

of

our

comfort

zone,we

get

impatient

about

the

circumstances.You

should

learn

to

say

to

yourself,“40.This

is

merely

uncomfortable,not

intolerable.”

You’ll

then

gradually

become

more

patient.

A.Find

your

causesB.Start

with

small

tasksC.Accept

the

uncomfortableD.All

this

adds

up

to

a

state

of

hurryE.It

can

also

help

us

practice

more

patienceF.This

is

merely

uncomfortable,not

intolerableG.They’re

all

situations

where

we

could

use

a

little

extra

patience分析

根据“若是针对段落小标题设空,其呈现形式应和其他小标题相同”的原则,排除D、E、F、G选项;再根据下文内容可知,本段的主旨与接受不舒适相关。[自主解答]

C技法2留意主旨句七选五所选文章通常是“总—分(—总)”结构,偶尔是“总—分—分”结构,把握住这个规律后,在“总—分”结构的文章中,观察每一部分(段落)的结构,如果每一部分(段落)都有主旨句引领,这些主旨句往往句式相同,并且前面往往有实心圆点。如果设空处恰好处于段落主旨句的位置,则该处应为段落主旨句,然后根据本段内容作出选择。[典例](2023新高考全国Ⅱ卷节选)·Continually

challenge

yourself

to

try

something

new.38.Get

out

of

your

comfort

zone.Artistic

growth

can

be

a

bit

painful.Welcome

to

the

club;we’ve

all

been

there.I

love

taking

on

challenges.I

once

took

up

a

challenge

to

create

a

painting

every

day

for

a

month

and

post

the

works

online.

·

39

Seeking

and

accepting

constructive

feedback

(反馈)

is

crucial

to

growth.I

post

my

work

on

social

media

and,in

turn,have

met

some

of

the

kindest

people.They

make

me

feel

valued

and

respected,no

matter

my

level

of

artistic

ability.

A.Get

out

of

your

comfort

zone.B.Make

career

plans

and

set

goals.C.Don’t

throw

away

your

beginner

art.D.Share

your

work

if

you

feel

comfortable

doing

so.E.You’ll

hit

roadblocks,and

you’ll

feel

discouraged

at

times.F.Evaluate

your

performance

and,if

needed,redefine

your

role.G.You’ll

develop

that

painting

muscle

memory

that

only

comes

with

repetition.分析

分析文章结构和这两段首句可知,空格处是本段的主旨句。根据后文“Seeking

and

accepting

constructive

feedback

is

crucial

to

growth...no

matter

my

level

of

artistic

ability.”可知,本段主要讲述的是分享自己的作品。[自主解答]

D技法3观察首段末尾处在“总—分”结构的文章中,首段的末尾句往往起到总起作用,引领下文。所选答案的语句通常为:“Followingistheadviceonhowto...”“Hereareafewtipsto...”“Thefollowingstepsmayhelpyou...”,而下文内容正是这些advice,tips,steps的具体内容。[典例](2020新高考全国Ⅱ卷节选)Talking

freely

with

your

doctor

can

make

you

feel

better

and

give

your

doctor

the

information

she

or

he

needs

to

give

you

the

best

care.Don’t

be

afraid

or

embarrassed

to

discuss

something

that

is

bothering

you.

36

·Stay

positive.Go

to

your

doctor’s

visits

with

a

good

attitude.37.Remember,your

doctor

and

other

caregivers

are

on

your

side.Think

teamwork!Think

positive!

A.This

will

make

getting

answers

easier.B.Here

are

some

tips

for

talking

with

your

doctor.C.You

can

talk

to

another

doctor

if

the

treatments

don’t

work.分析

本文主要讲述了与医生高效交流的几种方法——保持积极心态、跟踪记录个人感受、携带病历、提问问题。和医生自由地交谈可使你感觉良好,并让医生了解你的信息,从而给你最好的治疗。不要因谈论困扰你的问题而感到害怕或尴尬,而下文是具体的做法,正确选项应该起到承上启下的作用。[自主解答]

B技法4利用标点符号类型1

空后是逗号1.当设空处后面是逗号,且后面的句子是由从属连词引导的状语从句时,则设空处为主句。[典例](2021全国乙卷节选)According

to

Jessica

Hagy,author

of

How

to

Be

Interesting,it’s

not

difficult

to

make

yourself

interesting

at

a

dinner

party.

36

,if

you’re

out

of

your

comfort

zone

or

if

you’re

wandering

into

somebody’s

house

for

the

first

time.So

the

main

thing

is

just

to

show

up

and

be

adventurous,trying

different

foods

and

talking

to

strangers.

B.The

first

step

is

to

go

exploringD.Be

prepared

to

have

awkward

conversations

with

strangersG.He

or

she

is

the

person

who

is

feeling

the

weight

of

that

awkwardness

the

most分析

根据空后的句子“if

you’re

out

of

your

comfort

zone

or

if

you’re

wandering

into

somebody’s

house

for

the

first

time”是由if引导的条件状语从句可知,此空应该填入一个主句;再由下文“be

adventurous,trying

different

foods

and

talking

to

strangers”可知,本段告诉读者在晚宴上要勇于尝试,故B项“第一步是去探索”符合语境。[自主解答]

B2.当设空处后面是逗号,且后面的句子没有连词引导,则设空处多为状语从句。[典例](2021全国乙卷节选)People

love

to

talk

about

themselves.If

you

can

start

the

conversation

with

a

question

other

than

“What

do

you

do

for

a

living?”,you’ll

be

able

to

get

a

lot

more

interesting

conversation

out

of

whomever

it

is

you’re

talking

to.

37

,it

can

bring

in

“I

have

this

old,broken-down

vehicle”

or

“I

rode

the

bus

with

these

crazy

people

who

were

laughing

at

silly

jokes

in

the

back.”

It

just

opens

up

conversation.

C.If

you

ask

the

question

“How

did

you

get

here?”E.Or

turn

the

conversation

into

a

topic

where

they

have

little

to

say分析

根据空后的标点符号和标点符号后的句子可推知,此空应该填入一个从句;再根据“‘I

have

this

old,broken-down

vehicle’or‘I

rode

the

bus

with

these

crazy

people

who

were

laughing

at

silly

jokes

in

the

back.’”可知,空处内容与交通方式有关。故C选项符合语境。

[自主解答]

C类型2

空后是句号当设空处后面是句号时,考生要根据段落主题和前后句之间的逻辑关系来解题。[典例](2021全国乙卷节选)And

what

about

that

other

dinner-party

killer:awkward

silence?If

you’re

faced

with

an

awkward

silence

at

a

dinner

party,the

only

thing

that

always

gets

everyone

talking

again

is

to

give

the

host

a

compliment

(赞扬).

40

.Just

quickly

turn

around

and

say,“This

cake

is

extremely

delicious

and

you

have

to

tell

me

all

about

it.”

D.Be

prepared

to

have

awkward

conversations

with

strangersG.He

or

she

is

the

person

who

is

feeling

the

weight

of

that

awkwardness

the

most分析

本段第一句为段落主题句,意为“如何应对另一个宴会杀手:尴尬的沉默”,下文给出方法,应对宴会杀手——尴尬的沉默的唯一方法就是赞扬主人,故G项“他或她是最能感受到这种尴尬的人”符合语境,与前面的句子构成前果后因的关系。[自主解答]

G类型3

空后是破折号当设空处后面是破折号时,考生要根据破折号后面的内容来确定答案,因为它是对前面内容的解释和说明。[典例](2016全国甲卷节选)•Recall(回忆)yourchildhoodmemoriesOurmodelofwhatagardenshouldbeoftengoesbacktochildhood.Grandma’srosegardenandDad’svegetablegardenmightbegoodorbad,butthat’snotwhat’simportant.

39

—howbeinginthosegardensmadeusfeel.Ifyou’dliketobuildapowerfulbondwithyourgarden,startbytakingsometimetorecallthegardensofyouryouth.40.Foreachofthosegardens,writedownthestrongestmemoryyouhave.Thengooutsideandworkoutaplantotranslateyourchildhoodmemoriesintoyourgrown-upgarden.Havefun.

C.It’sourexperienceofthegardenthatmattersD.It’sdelightfultoseesomanybeautifulflowers分析

根据空前的“but

that’s

not

what’s

important”可知,空处应讲什么重要;再根据破折号后面的内容“how

being

in

those

gardens

made

us

feel”可知,空处内容应该是对“我们”的关于花园的体验的解释,故C项“我们的关于花园的体验很重要”符合语境。[自主解答]

C类型4

空后是问号当设空处后面是问号时,考生要根据后面对这个问题的回答来确定设空处问的是什么。[典例](2021全国乙卷)

38

?

If

you

can’t

take

their

wine

away,you

should

certainly

try

to

take

away

their

soapbox

(讲台).If

you’re

the

host,you

can

ask

them

to

help

you

in

the

kitchen

with

something

and

just

remove

them

from

the

situation.Or

turn

the

conversation

into

a

topic

where

they

have

little

to

say.

A.How

do

you

know

the

hostF.What

about

that

person

who

has

had

too

much

to

drink

or

won’t

stop

talking分析

根据空后的标点符号可知,此空应该填入一个问句,选项中只有A项和F项是问句;再根据空后“If

you

can’t

take

their

wine

away”中的“wine”可知,F项中的“has

had

too

much

to

drink”与之属于同一范畴的表达,因此F项“对于喝多了或者不停说话的人该怎么办”符合语境。[自主解答]

F课堂应用A(2023浙江1月卷)Withgaspricesrisingandairportsecuritylinessnakinglongerthanever,whynotbookyournextdomesticvacationonatrain?Comparedtootheralternatives,it’scomfortableandrelaxing.Hereissomeadviceonhowtomakeatripbyrailaspleasantaspossible.Plan

ahead.Mostlong-distancetrains,especiallythesleepingcaraccommodations,selloutveryquickly.

1

Butnomatterwhenyoutravel,it’sagoodideatomakeyourreservationsatleast90daysinadvance.

Use

a

travel

agent.Considerturningyourtravelplanovertoatravelagentandlettinghimdouble-checkallthedetails,makesuggestions,andthenhandletheactualreservations.Agoodonecansometimesfindyoudiscountedtickets.

2

Thenyouwon’thavetowalkthroughseveralcarsonamovingtrainthreetimesadayforyourmeals.

Bring

a

blanket.Whenyou’reridingontrains,youwon’tbeprovidedwithablanketforfree,evenifyourtripisanovernightone.

3

Inthesummerinparticular,theairconditioningcanmakethemquitecold.

Arrive

early.Mosttrainsoperatejustonceadayandsomerunonlythreetimesaweek,somissingyourscanbeadisaster.

4

Note:Thetimeslistedontheschedulesaredeparturetimes,notarrivaltimes.

Have

fun.

5

Readabook,knit,doacrosswordpuzzle,orsimplywatchtheworldunfoldoutsidethewindow.Tocalculateyourspeedasyoudo,divide3,600(thenumberofsecondsinanhour)bythenumberofsecondsittakesyoutotravelonemile(thedistancebetweentwomileposts).Ifittakesthetrain53secondstotravelonemile,you’regoing67.92mph.

A.Traintripsaren’tforimpatienttypes.B.You’llhaveviewsfrombothsidesofthetrain.C.Thetemperatureonrailcarsisoftenhardtocontrol.D.That’sparticularlytrueduringbusysummermonths.E.Youmighthavetowaitlongerthan24hourstocatchthenextone.F.Chancesarethecostwillbealotlessthanthecostofonebedroom.G.Hemayalsobookyouinasleepingcarthat’srightnexttothediner.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一些关于如何使坐火车旅行尽可能愉快的建议。1.D

解析

根据上文“Plan

ahead.Most

long-distance

trains,especially

the

sleeping

car

accommodations,sell

out

very

quickly.”以及下文“But

no

matter

when

you

travel,it’s

a

good

idea

to

make

your

reservations

at

least

90

days

in

advance.”可知,大多数长途火车的卧铺很容易被订完,所以要提前安排预订。D项“在繁忙的夏季尤其如此。”符合语境。D项中“busy

summer

months”与上下文呼应,说明忙碌的夏季尤其需要提前计划。2.G

解析

根据上文“A

good

one

can

sometimes

find

you

discounted

tickets.”以及下文“Then

you

won’t

have

to

walk

through

several

cars

on

a

moving

train

three

times

a

day

for

your

meals.”可知,好的旅行社帮你预订,不仅可以订到打折的票,还可以订到紧挨餐车的车厢从而为你节省从卧铺到餐车的距离。G项中“book

you

in

a

sleeping

car

that’s

right

next

to

the

diner”与上下文对应,因此推断G项“他可能还会给你预订餐车旁边的卧铺车厢。”符合语境。3.C

解析

根据上文“When

you’re

riding

on

trains,you

won’t

be

provided

with

a

blanket

for

free,even

if

your

trip

is

an

overnight

one.”以及下文“In

the

summer

in

particular,the

air

conditioning

can

make

them

quite

cold.”可知,这里提到了车厢内温度的问题,提醒乘客最好自备毛毯。C项中“The

temperature

on

rail

cars”与上下文对应,因此推断C项“列车上的温度通常很难控制。”符合语境。4.E

解析

根据上文“Most

trains

operate

just

once

a

day

and

some

run

only

three

times

a

week,so

missing

yours

can

be

a

disaster.”以及下文“Note:The

times

listed

on

the

schedules

are

departure

times,not

arrival

times.”可知,本段提醒要提前安排时间,错过时间是很麻烦的事情。E项中“You

might

have

to

wait

longer”与上下文对应,说明错过火车导致的结果,因此推断E项“你可能要等上超过24小时才能赶上下一班。”符合语境。5.A解析

根据上文“Have

fun.”以及下文“To

calculate

your

speed

as

you

do,divide

3,600(the

number

of

seconds

in

an

hour)by

the

number

of

seconds

it

takes

you

to

travel

one

mile(the

distance

between

two

mileposts).”可知,本段讲述如何度过乘车时间。A项中讲到火车旅行不适合没有耐心的人与下文要计算时间,用不同的方式打发时间对应,符合语境。B(2020全国Ⅰ卷)A

Few

Tips

for

Self-AcceptanceWeallwantit...toacceptandloveourselves.Butattimesitseemstoodifficultandtoofaroutofreach.

6

Here’sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.

•

7

Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.Whydoyoufollowthem?Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyyouinthisworld.

•Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.Weareoftenashamedofourshortcomings,ourmistakesandourfailures.

8

Youwillmakemistakes,timeandtimeagain.Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucouldhavedonebetter,whynotofferyourselfacompassionate(有同情心)response?“Thatdidn’tgoasplanned.But,Itriedmybest.”

•Recognizeallofyourstrengths.Writethemdowninajournal.Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrengthbeforeweakness.Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.

9

•Nowthatyou’velistedyourstrengths,listyourimperfections.Turnthepageinyourjournal.Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon’tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.

10

Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?

A.Feelingupsetagain?B.Wheredoyoustart?C.Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.D.Remember,youareonlyhuman.E.Setanintentionforself-acceptance.F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.G.Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自我接受的几种方法,倡导自尊自信、乐观向上的人生态度。6.B

解析

此处为过渡句。根据上文提到的接纳自己有时很难,联系下文的“Here’s

a

handful

of

ways

that

will

set

you

in

the

right

direction.”可知,此处表示“从何处开始呢?”。故B项合适。7.F

解析

段前空格考查主题句。根据后面的“Do

not

follow

the

people

who

make

you

feel

not-good-enough.”可知,此处表示“停止与别人比较”。故选F项。8.D

解析

此处为段中承上启下过渡句。根据开头提及的“Forgive

yourself

for

mistakes...”以及后面的“You

will

make

mistakes...”可知,此处表示“要记住,你只是个普通人”。故选D项。9.C

解析

此处为总结句。本段讲述要认识自身的长处,将它们写进日记,将你的成就列出来。你有一份工作,你获得了学位,你今天没有赖床。最后总结:无论事情多小,都值得庆贺。故选C项。10.A

解析

此处为过渡句。根据上文中的“Put

into

words

why

you

feel

unworthy,why

you

don’t

feel

good

enough.”可知,此处表示“又感到不安了吗?”。don’t

feel

good

enough与A项中的upset同义。故选A项。维度2精准突破保分点——词汇复现题和代词指代题技法5词汇复现法词汇复现法是为了保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手法,即在文章中不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述,从而使得同样的意思在文章中不同的地方重复出现。复现的形式主要包括原词复现、同(近)义词复现、反义词复现等。学生可利用文章的这一特点,在解题时注意选项中出现的与正文意思相同、相近或相反的词。类型1

原词复现原词复现指一个句子中的关键词(常为动词、名词、形容词)会反复出现在文中的其他句子中。这些词会以不同词类、词性、数、格、时态、语态等形式出现,如:“looks”与“looking”“looked”,“go”与“going”“went”等。根据语言习惯,第一句的宾语往往是第二句的主语,或者前后句有相同、重叠的词汇。因此,要学会寻找设空处上下句中的相同关键词。[典例1](2022全国甲卷)Hands

or

Utensils

(餐具)In

India

and

the

Middle

East,it’s

considered

very

rude

to

eat

with

your

left

hand.People

in

France

expect

you

to

eat

with

a

utensil

in

each

hand.

38

,instead

preferring

to

use

their

hands.In

Chile,you

may

never

touch

any

food

with

your

fingers.People

in

Thailand

generally

use

their

forks

only

to

push

food

onto

their

spoons.

A.The

more

friends

you

make

in

your

lifetimeB.The

more

time

you

spend

in

any

given

countryC.Mexicans

consider

it

inappropriate

to

eat

with

utensils▶分析

空前一句提到法国人希望你每只手拿着一个餐具吃饭(People

in

France

expect

you

to

eat

with

a

utensil

in

each

hand),空后说“更喜欢用手(instead

preferring

to

use

their

hands)”,也就是不用“餐具”。故C项(墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的)符合语境。这里utensils一词为原词复现。[自主解答]

C[典例2]

(2022全国乙卷)·More

isn’t

always

merrierMake

sure

you

have

communicated

with

your

friend

about

how

frequently

each

of

you

wants

to

be

contacted

and

what

method

works

best

for

you

both.

37

.There

are

alternatives

to

constant

written

communication,such

as

leaving

voice

messages

or

having

a

group

chat.

D.Try

to

find

a

time

that

works

for

both

of

you

and

stick

to

itE.Friends

need

to

talk

about

their

preferred

methods

of

communicationF.It

is

easy

to

have

a

sense

of

connectedness

through

social

media▶分析

空前一句提到“确保你已经和你的朋友沟通过了,了解你们想要相互联系的频率,以及哪种方法对你们双方都最有效”,再根据空后介绍的具体的交流方式可推出本空讲的是“朋友需要讨论各自喜欢的交流方式”。E项中的methods与空前一句中的method为原词复现,同时E项中的communication与空前一句中的communicated相呼应。[自主解答]

E类型2

派生词复现信息派生词是由词根加词缀构成的词。派生词复现指的是同一词根构成的不同派生词在文中的重复出现。[典例]

(2022全国乙卷)·More

isn’t

always

merrierMake

sure

you

have

communicated

with

your

friend

about

how

frequently

each

of

you

wants

to

be

contacted

and

what

method

works

best

for

you

both.

37

.There

are

alternatives

to

constant

written

communication,such

as

leaving

voice

messages

or

having

a

group

chat.

A.Remember

important

datesB.Compensate

by

writing

letters▶分析

本题可从下面两个角度分析:(1)下文中的“written”与B项中的“writing”是同根词,属于派生词复现信息;(2)上文提到异地朋友之间要商量沟通方式,B项“可以通过写信补偿”提出了其中一种沟通方式:写信;下文进一步叙述了发语音等其他沟通方式,与B项为并列关系。下文中的“constant

written

communication”呼应了B项中的“writing

letters”。[自主解答]

B类型3

同/近义词复现同义词/近义词复现是指设空处的前后句或本段中的某个关键词(动词、名词、形容词或副词)的同义词/近义词在正确选项中出现。[典例](2021浙江卷1月)If

there

are

three

lines

in

the

store,delays

will

happen

randomly

at

different

registers.Think

about

the

probability:

33

So

it’s

not

just

in

your

mind:Another

line

probably

is

moving

faster.

B.So

why

don’t

most

places

encourage

serpentine

lines?C.Some

of

them

may

have

stood

in

a

queue

for

almost

an

hour.D.The

chances

of

your

line

being

the

fastest

are

only

one

in

three.▶分析

空前的probability与D项中的chances相对应,同时D项与空后一句“So

it’s

not

just

in

your

mind:Another

line

probably

is

moving

faster.”相呼应,符合语境。[自主解答]

D类型4

反义词复现信息反义词复现是指上下文中有词义相反的单词、短语或者意思相反的句子。[典例]

(2021全国甲卷)·Invite

5-10

people

so

you

have

a

nice

selection.

37

,and

there

may

not

be

enough

things

to

choose

from;more

than

that,and

it

becomes

uncontrollable.

A.Less

people

than

thatB.Hold

a

clothing

swapC.If

two

people

are

competingD.Just

keep

music

playing

throughoutE.Donate

whatever

clothes

are

left

over▶分析

本段主题句是需要召集5~10人组成衣物交换小组。下文表示“人数超过那个数字,活动将无法控制”,由此可知,设空处应与下文语义相反,应描述人数不够的情况。设空处应与下文的more

than

that形成对比,应用less

than

that,less与more互为反义词。[自主解答]

A技法6代词指代法行文中为了避免与上文提到的名词重复,常用不同的代词指代上文提到的人、事物或事件。如:it指代单数名词、不可数名词、整个句子,they/them指代复数名词;one泛指单数可数名词,ones泛指复数名词;that特指单数名词、不可数名词,this特指单数名词、句子,these/those特指复数名词;还有反身代词、指示代词、关系代词等。因此,考生要注意空前空后句中出现的代词,结合其指代意义和单复数解题。[典例1](2022全国甲卷)Making

Requests

39

.In

Portugal,this

would

be

a

serious

mistake,because

it

shows

the

chef

that

you

don’t

like

their

seasoning

skills.Similarly,in

Italy,never

ask

for

extra

cheese

to

add

to

your

food.

E.It’s

a

good

sign

for

the

chef

if

you

make

a

mess

around

your

plateF.Never

stick

them

upright

in

your

food

or

cross

them

as

you

use

themG.It

may

seem

like

a

simple

request

to

ask

for

salt

and

pepper

at

a

meal▶分析

根据段落小标题Making

Requests可知,本段主要介绍的是在用餐时提出请求。设空处也应与此相关。G项中的a

simple

request是空后一句中的this指代的内容,代词复现是一个很好的解题信号。[自主解答]

G[典例2]

(2023全国甲卷)•Practice

gratitude(感激)Thankfulness

has

a

lot

of

benefits:Research

shows

it

makes

us

happier,less

stressed

and

even

more

optimistic.

17

.“Showing

thankfulness

can

foster

self-control,”

said

Ye

Li,researcher

at

the

University

of

California.

D.All

this

adds

up

to

a

state

of

hurryE.It

can

also

help

us

practice

more

patienceF.This

is

merely

uncomfortable,not

intolerable▶分析

根据上文“Thankfulness

has

a

lot

of

benefits:Research

shows

it

makes

us

happier,less

stressed

and

even

more

optimistic.”以及下文“‘Showing

thankfulness

can

foster

self-control,’said

Ye

Li,researcher

at

the

University

of

California.”可知,上文提到了感恩的诸多好处,本句继续说明感恩的好处:它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文的Thankfulness。故E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境,故选E项。[自主解答]

E课堂应用A(2022新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Writinganessayisadifficultprocessformostpeople.However,theprocesscanbemadeeasierifyoulearntopracticethreesimpletechniques.

1

Whenyouarefirsttryingtothinkofideasforanessay,putyourpentoyourpaperandwritenonstopfortenorfifteenminuteswithoutlettingyourpenleavethepaper.Staylooseandfree.

2

Don’tworryaboutgrammarorspelling.Eventhoughthistechniquewon’tworkforeveryone,ithelpsmanypeoplegetagoodstoreofideastodrawon.

Thenexttechniqueistowriteyourdraftrapidlywithoutworryingaboutbeingperfect.

3

Yet,bylearningtolivewithimperfection,youwillsaveyourselfheadachesandawastepaperbasketfullofcrumpled(弄皱)paper.

Thinkofyourfirstdraftasapathcutoutofthejungle—aspartofanexploration,notasacompletehighway.

Thethirdtechniqueistotryprintingoutatriple-spaced(三倍行距)copytoallowspaceforrevision.

4

Asaresult,thesewritersnevergetinthehabitofcrossingoutchunks(大块)oftheirdraftandwritingrevisionsintheblankspace.Afteryouhaverevisedyourdraftuntilitistoomessytoworkfromanymore,youcanenteryourchangesintoyourwordprocessor.

5

Theresultingblankspaceinvitesyoutorevise.

A.Makesureyourhandwritingisneat.B.Letyourpenfollowthewavesofthought.C.Theseconddraftoftheessayshouldbebetter.D.Firstofall,learnthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.E.Toomanywriterstrytogettheirdraftsrightthefirsttime.F.Manybeginningwritersdon’tleaveenoughspacetorevise.G.Thenyoucanprintoutafreshdraft,againsettingyourtextontriple-space.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是写文章的技巧。1.D

解析

空格处是本段的主题句,由空后的“When

you

are

first

trying

to

think

of

ideas

for

an

essay,put

your

pen

to

your

paper

and

write

nonstop

for

ten

or

fifteen

minutes

without

letting

your

pen

leave

the

paper.”可知,本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写。D项概括了本段的主要内容,可作为主题句。故选D项。2.B

解析

根据空前的“Stay

loose

and

free.”和空后的“Don’t

worry

about

grammar

or

spelling.”可知,空格处应说按心里想的写,自由发挥。B项表示“让你的笔跟随思想的波浪”,符合语境。故选B项。3.E

解析

空前面一句提道:下一个技巧是快速写草稿,不要担心是否完美。空后面一句提道:然而,通过学习与不完美共存,你将避免头痛和一个装满皱巴巴的纸的废纸篓。E项承上启下,符合语境。故选E项。4.F

解析

F项中的revise和前面的revision呼应。另外space在前后句子中也都出现了。F项中的Many

beginning

writers和下文的these

writers也相互呼应,因此F选项承上启下,符合语境。故选F项。5.G

解析

空前面一句提道:在你修改你的草稿,直到它太乱以至于无法继续工作之后,你可以把你的修改输入到你的文字处理器中。空后面一句提道:由此产生的空白允许你修改。G项表示:然后你可以打印一份新的草稿,同样将文本设置为三倍行距。G项承上启下,符合语境。故选G项。B(2020浙江卷)Iexperiencedyearsoflonelinessasachild.

6

Hisfriendsteasedhimaboutbabysittinghissisterandhisinterestswerefardifferentfrommine.Withnootherkidsofmyageintheneighborhood,Ihadtospendhoursbymyself.

Abrightspotformeturnedouttobereading.Myloveofthewrittenwordbeganearlyasmymotherreadtomeeveryevening.

7

Istartedreadingbooksonmyownbeforeage5andmymothertookmetothepubliclibraryonceaweektoborrowseveralbooks.Iquicklygraduatedfromtypicalchildren’sbookstooneswithfewerpicturesandlongerchapters.Readingopenednewworldstome.

8

MymotheralsoencouragedmetomakewhatIwanted.Itriedmakingtoycarswithcardboardboxesandconstructingbuildingsfromleftovercardboardandbitsofwoodmyfathergaveme.Whenmymothersawmycreations,shetoldmehowcreativemydesignswere.

9

Ilearnedalotabouthowtoextendthelifeofobjectsandtransformthemintosomethingnewanduseful.Itwasatrait(特点)othersfoundhelpful,andIsoonhadfriendswhowantedtomakethingswithme.

10

Myparentsmadeitapointfortheirtwokidstospendtimeoutside,nomattertheweatherorseason.Mybrother,ofcourse,racedofftobewithhisfriends,whileIhadplentytodomyself.Therewasmakingleafhousesinautumn,iceskatinginwinter,andsomuchmore.They’reallmemoriesItreasuretoday.

A.Iwasn’taloneanylonger.B.Ienjoyedreadingstoriesaloud.C.Iwasinvitedtoplaywithanotherkid.D.Ilovedthecolorfulphotographsinthebooks.E.AnotherhabitIformedearlywasbeingoutdoors.F.Thus,Ibeganmylifelonginterestinmakingthings.G.Myolderbrothercouldn’tbebotheredtoplaywithme.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者分析了自己几个生活习惯的成因。6.G

解析

根据设空后一句

“His

friends

teased

him

about

babysitting

his

sister

and

his

interests

were

far

different

from

mine.”

可知,设空句应提及His的身份,即G项中的My

older

brother。故选G项。7.D

解析

根据设空前一句提到

“我对书写字的爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候”

和下文提到

“我很快就从典型的儿童读物变成了插图少