2021上半年教师资格证考试《英语学科知识与教学能力》(高级中学)真题及答案

2021上半年教师资格证考试《英语学科知识与教学能力》(高级中学)真题及答案1.【单项选择题】WhichofthefollowingEnglishphonemeshasmorethanon（江南博哥）eallophonebasedonitspositioninaword?A./wiB.lj/C./miD./Ⅳ正确答案：D参考解析：本题考查音系学。题干要求找出英语音素中基于单词中位置不同造成不止一个音位变体的是____,辅音字母l在单词中会有不同的音位，比如leaf/li:f/,而feel/fi:l/两个不同的/l/,就是音位/l/的两个不同变体。前者是普通的齿龈边音[l]，后者软腭化齿龈边音。故本题选D。2.【单项选择题】Whatistherightpronunciationoftheword"permit"whenitisusedasanoun?A.['pomit]B.[po'mrt]C.[po:'mrt]D.['pa:mit]正确答案：D参考解析：本题考查音系学。permit作名词时重音位于第一个音节，为['pə:mit]且为长元音；作动词时重音一般位于第二个音节，[pəˈmit]。故本题选D。3.【单项选择题】AstronomerHeidiHammer,aproponentofscienceeducation,conveysapassionforplanetarysciencethatherfascinatedaudiencefind___A.equivocalB.archaicC.timidD.infectious正确答案：D参考解析：本题考查形容词辨析。句意：天文学家海蒂·汉默，科学教育的支持者，她传达出来的对星体学的热情使得对她着迷的观众都被感染了。equivocal，“模棱两可的；怀疑的”;archaic，“陈旧的”;timid，“胆小的；怯懦的”；infectious意为“感染的”。4.【单项选择题】ThediscoveriesmadebyNobelPrizewinninggeneticistBarbarsMcClintockareconsideredtobeamongthemajor___of20thcenturybiologyscience.A.proposalsB.elaborationsC.accomplishmentsD.deliberations正确答案：C参考解析：本题考查名词辨析。句意：诺贝尔奖获得者，遗传学家BarbarsMcClintock的研究被认为是20世纪生物科学的主要成就之一。accomplishments，“成就”；proposal，“提议，建议”；elaborations，“苦心经营”；deliberation，“考虑”。5.【单项选择题】Hopingtopreservenaturalhabitats,conservationistslobbiedforlegislationthatwould____commercialdevelopmentintheseareas.A.accommodateB.diversifyC.promoteD.arrest正确答案：D参考解析：本题考查动词辨析。句意:为了保护自然栖息地，环境保护主义者游说立法，阻止这些地区的商业发展。arrest，“逮捕;阻止”；accommodate，“容纳；调解”；diversify，“使不同；使多样化”;；promote，“促进;推动”。6.【单项选择题】Theethicaljudgmentsofthecourtbecomeanimportantissueandthecourtcannotmaintainitsguardianofthelaw____justicebehaveslikepoliticians.A.whenB.lestC.beforeD.unless正确答案：A参考解析：本题考查状语从句从属连词。句意：法院的道德判断成为一个重要的问题，当司法人员如政客一般时，法院就无法维持其对法律的守护。故本题选A。7.【单项选择题】Forwhatever____,don’tbelateagain,orourworkwillbelaggingfarbehindothers.A.anyreasonsB.areasonC.reasonD.thereason正确答案：C参考解析：句意：无论因为什么原因，不要再迟到了，否则我们的工作将会比其他人落后很多。Whateverreason不需要加冠词或修饰词，故本题选C。8.【单项选择题】LittleisknownofOliver'schildhood，_____atthefactoryattheearlyageofeight.A.supposethatheworkedB.providedthatheworkedC.providingthatheworkedD.savethathebegantowork正确答案：D参考解析：句意：我们对奥利弗的童年知之甚少，只知道他八岁早期就开始在工厂工作。Savethat作为连词，意为“只是”。9.【单项选择题】lnasequenceoftworelatedutterancesbytwospeakers,thesecondutteranceisalwaysaresponsetothefirst.ThisisknownasA.pairworkB.pairpracticeC.adjacencypairsD.minimalpairs正确答案：B参考解析：句意：在两个说话者的两个相关话语中，第二个话语总是对第一个话语的回应。根据理解，在教学活动练习环节，两人进行的对话均是回应，故本题选B。10.【单项选择题】Whichofthefollowinginvolvesprogressiveassimilationinconnectedspeech?A.Bags.B.lssue.C.Onecup.D.Onecup.正确答案：A参考解析：本题考查语音学。题干表述为以下包含顺同化的是顺同化指的是简单来说就是指ab或...b这样的词语中，b的发音变得与a越来越相似。举例说明:在dogs中，s不发[s]的音，而是发[z]的音，因为g是震动的辅音，所以后面s的发音也从不震动变为了震动的。A项bags的发音为/baegz/，s不发[s]的音，而是发[z]的音，因为g是震动的辅音,所以后面s的发音也从不震动变为了震动的。故本题选A。11.【单项选择题】Problemsolvingactivities,roleplay,informationgap,etc.aretypicalclassroomactivitiesof____.A.theDirectMethodB.theDirectMethodC.theAudiolingualMethodD.CommunicativeLanguageTeaching正确答案：D参考解析：本题考查交际法。A项意为“直接法”;B项意为“全身反应法”;C项意为"视听法”;D项意为“交际法”。题干中“解决问题的活动”‘”角色扮演”"信息沟”等活动均属于训练学生交际能力的活动，属于交际法。故本题选D。12.【单项选择题】TheultimategoalofmiddleschoolEnglishteachingandlearningisto___.A.enhancecertainbasiclanguageknowledgeB.developintegrativeabilitiesinlanguageuseC.developintegrativeabilitiesinlanguageuseD.fosterlistening,speaking,readingandwritingskills正确答案：B参考解析：本题考查义务教育英语课程标准(2011)课程目标。A项意为"提高一定的语言基础知识”;B项意为"形成综合语言运用能力”;C项意为“增强学习者学习英语的兴趣”;D项意为“培养听、说、读、写四项技能”。义务教育英语课程标准(2011)指出:义务教育阶段英语课程的总目标是:通过英语学习使学生形成初步的综合语言运用能力，促进心智发展，提高综合人文素养，故本题选B,13.【单项选择题】Whenateachersays,"Isthissentenceright?",he/shemaybedoingallofthefollowingEXCEPT____.A.givingstudentsfeedbackB.elicitingstudents'responsesC.invitingstudents'judgmentsD.correctingamistakeexplicitly正确答案：D参考解析：句意：当老师问“这个句子正确吗”，他/她可能正在做以下所有事情，除了。A，给学生反馈；B，引出学生的回答；C，邀请学生评价；D，明确地纠正错误。问句子正确与否属于纠错的一种。14.【单项选择题】lnaprocess-basedwritingclass,afterstudentshavefinisheddrafting,theirteacherwouldmostprobablyhavethemA.edittheirdraftB.dobrainstormingonthetopicC.analyzethetopicD.learnusefulwordsandexpression正确答案：A参考解析：本题考查写作教学。句意:在基于过程的写作课上,当学生写完草稿后，他们的老师很可能会要求他们A项意为"校订草稿”;B项意为“针对主题做头脑风暴”;C项意为"分析主题”;D项意为”学习有用的词汇和表达”。B项、C项和D项均属于写前的活动，学生写完草稿后，应该检查修订草稿。故本题选A。15.【单项选择题】WhichofthefollowingactivitiesisNOTappropriatefordevelopingstudents'awarenessofdiscoursecoherence?A.WhichofthefollowingactivitiesisNOTappropriatefordevelopingstudents'awarenessofdiscoursecoherence?B.UnderliningthetopicssentenceofeC.Changingsentencesfromactiveformsintopassiveones.D.Arrangingallthesentencestoproduceameaningfulpassage正确答案：C参考解析：本题考查语篇教学。题干问的是哪一项不适合用来培养学生语篇连贯性的意识。C项错误，C项属于词汇层面，不属于语篇层面。故本题选C。16.【单项选择题】lnEnglishteaching,suchmechanicalactivitiesas_____maybehelpfulforteachingparticularstructures,buttheyshouldnotbeoverused.A.transformationandroleplayB.translationandword-matchingC.gap-fillingandtopicdiscussionD.memorizationandpatterndrilling正确答案：D参考解析：本题考查练习。句意：在英语教学中，像这样的机械活动可能有助于教学特定结构，但不应过度使用。D项正确，默记和句型演练属于机械活动，且可以用来练习句型，D项中的pattern即对应题干中particularstructures.故本题选D。17.【单项选择题】Whichofthefollowingismosteffectiveforateacherwhenstudentsdonotunderstandhowtodoanactivitythathe/shehasdescribed?A.DemonstratinghowtodoitB.AskingstudentstotalkfreelyC.EncouragingstudentstosharetheirideasD.Walkingaroundtheclassroomandansweringquestions正确答案：A参考解析：句意：当学生不明白如何进行他/她所描述的活动时，下列哪一项对教师最有效？A，演示如何操作；B，要学生自由讨论；C，鼓励学生分享他们的想法；D，在教室里走来走去，回答问题。演示操作是最直观快速的了解事物的方式，故本题选A。18.【单项选择题】Whichofthefollowingactivitieshasafocusongrammar?A.ReadastoryandactitoutingroupB.ReadastoryandanswercomprehenC.Readastoryandunderlinethemostdifficultsentences.D.Readastoryandanalyzehowpasteventsaredescribed.正确答案：D参考解析：本题考查语法教学。题干问的是哪一项活动的重点是语法。A项意为“读一篇故事,并且以小组的形式演出来”;B项意为“读一篇故事，回答问题”;C项意为"读一篇故事，划出最难的句子”;D项意为“读一篇故事，分析过去的事情是如何描述的”。D项强调的是一般过去时。故本题选D。19.【单项选择题】Whichofthefollowingshouldbediscouragedconcerningtheuseofinternetresources?A.Teachersdependoninternetresourcesforteachingmaterials.B.TeachersuseinternetresourcestosC.Teachersadaptinternetresourcesbeforeusingthemforlanguageinput.D.Teachersselectinternetresourcesaccordingtotheirteachingpurpose.正确答案：A参考解析：本题考查义务教育英语课程标准(2011)实施建议。A项意为“教师依赖网络资源获取教学材料”;B项意为"教师使用网络资源作为对教材的补充”;C项意为”教师给学生使用网络资源做语言输入前对内容进行改编”;D项意为“教师根据教学目的选择网络资源”。

A项错误，教师不能完全依赖网络资源来教学,要根据教学目的和学生现有水平等进行改编等。故本题选A。20.【单项选择题】Davidtookatestandhisscorewasatthetop10percentinhisclass.Thisisaninterpretationoftheresultofa______test.A.diagnosticB.formativeC.norm-referencedD.criterion-referenced正确答案：C参考解析：C项意为“常模参照性测试”是指通过与他人考试成绩进行对比，从而对考试成绩进行评价的测试方式;D项意为"标准参照性测试”指的是以某种特定的语言能力标准作为判别标准的测试，而不是与其他考生相比较。题干中大卫的成绩在班级前10%，需要和其他同学的成绩做对比，C项符合。故本题选C。21.【单项选择题】“Theageofmelancholy"ishowpsychologistDanielGolemandescribesourage.Peopletodayexperiencemoredepressionthanpreviousgenerations,despitethetechnologicalwondersthathelpuseveryday.Itmightbebecauseofthem.Ourlifestylesareincreasinglydrivenbytechnology.Phones,computersandtheInternetpervadeourdays.Thereisaconstant,naggingneedtocheckfortextsandemails.toupdateFacebook,MySpaceandLinkedlnprofiles,toacquirethelatestnotebookorcellphone.Arewebeingservedbythesetechnologicalwondersorhavewebecomeenslavedbythem?lstudythepsychologyoftechnology,anditseemstomethatwearesleepwalkingintoaworldwheretechnologyisseverelyaffectingourwell-being.Technologycanbehugelyusefulinthefastlaneofmodernliving,butweneedtostopitfromtakingover.Formanyofus,itisbecomingincreasinglydifficulttocontroltheimpulsetocheckourinboxyetagainorseewhethertheneailresarvinasimilarsincewelastlooked.OurchildrenareinasimilardateonFacebook.Inmanyhomes,thecomputerhasbecomethecentreofattention;itisthemeanumthroughwhichweworkandplay.Howdidthisarise,andwhatisitdoingtous?Inthiseraofmassconsumption,wearesurroundedbyadvertisingthaturgesustofindafultillmentthroughtheacquisitionofmaterialgoods.Asaresult,adultsandchildrenincreasinglybelievethatinordertobelongandfeelgoodaboutthemselves,theymustownthelastedmodelorgadget.YetresearchbypsychologistTimKasserofKnoxcollegeinGalesburg,linoIs,nastnralaoalsareplewhoplaceahighvalueonmaterialgoalsareunhappierthanthosewhoarelessmaterialistic.Materialismisalsoassociatedwithlowerself-esteem,greaternarcissism,greatertendencytocompareoneselfunfavorablywithotherpeople,lessempathyandmoreconflictinrelationships.ourculturealsoconstantlyremindsusthattimeismoney.Thisimpliesaneedfortotalefficiency,whichiswhyweareallowinglaptopcomputersandmobilephonestoblurtheseparationbetweenworkandhome.Asoneunhappyhuman-resourcemanagerinahigh-techcompanyputit:"Theygavemeamobilephonesotheycanownme24hoursaday,andaportablecomputer,somyofficeisnowwithmeallthetime—lcannotbreakoutofthispressure.""Soundfamiliar?Psychologistsgenerallybelievethatthelackofaclearseparationbetweenworkandhomesignificantlydamagesourrelationshipswithlovedones.ltalsopredisposeustofocusonthehereandnowattheexpenseoflong-termgoals.Byimposingthesetwinpressures,modernsocietyisindangerofswappingstandardoflivingforqualityoflife.Weneedwaystohelprecoverthoseincreasinglylargepartsofourlivesthatwehavecededtotechnology,toregainmasteryovertechnologyandlearntouseitinahealthyandpositiveway.{TSE}WhatdoesDanielGolemanattempttoilustratebycallingtheera"theageofmelancholy”inParagraph1?A.Technologyhasincreasedpeople'sfeelingsofhappiness.B.Peoplebecomefrustratedforlackofon-lineexperienceC.Peoplearegettingstressedoutbecauseoftechnology.D.Technologycanworkwondersinmodernsociety正确答案：C参考解析：本题考查细节理解题。根据题干中关键词paragraph1,DanielGoleman，"theageofmelancholy"可以定位第二句、第三句Peopletodayexperiencemoredepressionthanpreviousgenerations,despitethetechnologicalwondersthathelpuseveryday.Itmightbecauseofthem.分析得知，故本题选C。21.【单项选择题】“Theageofmelancholy"ishowpsychologistDanielGolemandescribesourage.Peopletodayexperiencemoredepressionthanpreviousgenerations,despitethetechnologicalwondersthathelpuseveryday.Itmightbebecauseofthem.Ourlifestylesareincreasinglydrivenbytechnology.Phones,computersandtheInternetpervadeourdays.Thereisaconstant,naggingneedtocheckfortextsandemails.toupdateFacebook,MySpaceandLinkedlnprofiles,toacquirethelatestnotebookorcellphone.Arewebeingservedbythesetechnologicalwondersorhavewebecomeenslavedbythem?lstudythepsychologyoftechnology,anditseemstomethatwearesleepwalkingintoaworldwheretechnologyisseverelyaffectingourwell-being.Technologycanbehugelyusefulinthefastlaneofmodernliving,butweneedtostopitfromtakingover.Formanyofus,itisbecomingincreasinglydifficulttocontroltheimpulsetocheckourinboxyetagainorseewhethertheneailresarvinasimilarsincewelastlooked.OurchildrenareinasimilardateonFacebook.Inmanyhomes,thecomputerhasbecomethecentreofattention;itisthemeanumthroughwhichweworkandplay.Howdidthisarise,andwhatisitdoingtous?Inthiseraofmassconsumption,wearesurroundedbyadvertisingthaturgesustofindafultillmentthroughtheacquisitionofmaterialgoods.Asaresult,adultsandchildrenincreasinglybelievethatinordertobelongandfeelgoodaboutthemselves,theymustownthelastedmodelorgadget.YetresearchbypsychologistTimKasserofKnoxcollegeinGalesburg,linoIs,nastnralaoalsareplewhoplaceahighvalueonmaterialgoalsareunhappierthanthosewhoarelessmaterialistic.Materialismisalsoassociatedwithlowerself-esteem,greaternarcissism,greatertendencytocompareoneselfunfavorablywithotherpeople,lessempathyandmoreconflictinrelationships.ourculturealsoconstantlyremindsusthattimeismoney.Thisimpliesaneedfortotalefficiency,whichiswhyweareallowinglaptopcomputersandmobilephonestoblurtheseparationbetweenworkandhome.Asoneunhappyhuman-resourcemanagerinahigh-techcompanyputit:"Theygavemeamobilephonesotheycanownme24hoursaday,andaportablecomputer,somyofficeisnowwithmeallthetime—lcannotbreakoutofthispressure.""Soundfamiliar?Psychologistsgenerallybelievethatthelackofaclearseparationbetweenworkandhomesignificantlydamagesourrelationshipswithlovedones.ltalsopredisposeustofocusonthehereandnowattheexpenseoflong-termgoals.Byimposingthesetwinpressures,modernsocietyisindangerofswappingstandardoflivingforqualityoflife.Weneedwaystohelprecoverthoseincreasinglylargepartsofourlivesthatwehavecededtotechnology,toregainmasteryovertechnologyandlearntouseitinahealthyandpositiveway.{TSE}WhatdoesDanielGolemanattempttoilustratebycallingtheera"theageofmelancholy”inParagraph1?A.Technologyhasincreasedpeople'sfeelingsofhappiness.B.Peoplebecomefrustratedforlackofon-lineexperienceC.Peoplearegettingstressedoutbecauseoftechnology.D.Technologycanworkwondersinmodernsociety正确答案：C参考解析：本题考查细节理解题。根据题干中关键词paragraph1,DanielGoleman，"theageofmelancholy"可以定位第二句、第三句Peopletodayexperiencemoredepressionthanpreviousgenerations,despitethetechnologicalwondersthathelpuseveryday.Itmightbecauseofthem.分析得知，故本题选C。21.【单项选择题】“Theageofmelancholy"ishowpsychologistDanielGolemandescribesourage.Peopletodayexperiencemoredepressionthanpreviousgenerations,despitethetechnologicalwondersthathelpuseveryday.Itmightbebecauseofthem.Ourlifestylesareincreasinglydrivenbytechnology.Phones,computersandtheInternetpervadeourdays.Thereisaconstant,naggingneedtocheckfortextsandemails.toupdateFacebook,MySpaceandLinkedlnprofiles,toacquirethelatestnotebookorcellphone.Arewebeingservedbythesetechnologicalwondersorhavewebecomeenslavedbythem?lstudythepsychologyoftechnology,anditseemstomethatwearesleepwalkingintoaworldwheretechnologyisseverelyaffectingourwell-being.Technologycanbehugelyusefulinthefastlaneofmodernliving,butweneedtostopitfromtakingover.Formanyofus,itisbecomingincreasinglydifficulttocontroltheimpulsetocheckourinboxyetagainorseewhethertheneailresarvinasimilarsincewelastlooked.OurchildrenareinasimilardateonFacebook.Inmanyhomes,thecomputerhasbecomethecentreofattention;itisthemeanumthroughwhichweworkandplay.Howdidthisarise,andwhatisitdoingtous?Inthiseraofmassconsumption,wearesurroundedbyadvertisingthaturgesustofindafultillmentthroughtheacquisitionofmaterialgoods.Asaresult,adultsandchildrenincreasinglybelievethatinordertobelongandfeelgoodaboutthemselves,theymustownthelastedmodelorgadget.YetresearchbypsychologistTimKasserofKnoxcollegeinGalesburg,linoIs,nastnralaoalsareplewhoplaceahighvalueonmaterialgoalsareunhappierthanthosewhoarelessmaterialistic.Materialismisalsoassociatedwithlowerself-esteem,greaternarcissism,greatertendencytocompareoneselfunfavorablywithotherpeople,lessempathyandmoreconflictinrelationships.ourculturealsoconstantlyremindsusthattimeismoney.Thisimpliesaneedfortotalefficiency,whichiswhyweareallowinglaptopcomputersandmobilephonestoblurtheseparationbetweenworkandhome.Asoneunhappyhuman-resourcemanagerinahigh-techcompanyputit:"Theygavemeamobilephonesotheycanownme24hoursaday,andaportablecomputer,somyofficeisnowwithmeallthetime—lcannotbreakoutofthispressure.""Soundfamiliar?Psychologistsgenerallybelievethatthelackofaclearseparationbetweenworkandhomesignificantlydamagesourrelationshipswithlovedones.ltalsopredisposeustofocusonthehereandnowattheexpenseoflong-termgoals.Byimposingthesetwinpressures,modernsocietyisindangerofswappingstandardoflivingforqualityoflife.Weneedwaystohelprecoverthoseincreasinglylargepartsofourlivesthatwehavecededtotechnology,toregainmasteryovertechnologyandlearntouseitinahealthyandpositiveway.{TSE}WhatdoesDanielGolemanattempttoilustratebycallingtheera"theageofmelancholy”inParagraph1?A.Technologyhasincreasedpeople'sfeelingsofhappiness.B.Peoplebecomefrustratedforlackofon-lineexperienceC.Peoplearegettingstressedoutbecauseoftechnology.D.Technologycanworkwondersinmodernsociety正确答案：C参考解析：本题考查细节理解题。根据题干中关键词paragraph1,DanielGoleman，"theageofmelancholy"可以定位第二句、第三句Peopletodayexperiencemoredepressionthanpreviousgenerations,despitethetechnologicalwondersthathelpuseveryday.Itmightbecauseofthem.分析得知，故本题选C。21.【单项选择题】“Theageofmelancholy"ishowpsychologistDanielGolemandescribesourage.Peopletodayexperiencemoredepressionthanpreviousgenerations,despitethetechnologicalwondersthathelpuseveryday.Itmightbebecauseofthem.Ourlifestylesareincreasinglydrivenbytechnology.Phones,computersandtheInternetpervadeourdays.Thereisaconstant,naggingneedtocheckfortextsandemails.toupdateFacebook,MySpaceandLinkedlnprofiles,toacquirethelatestnotebookorcellphone.Arewebeingservedbythesetechnologicalwondersorhavewebecomeenslavedbythem?lstudythepsychologyoftechnology,anditseemstomethatwearesleepwalkingintoaworldwheretechnologyisseverelyaffectingourwell-being.Technologycanbehugelyusefulinthefastlaneofmodernliving,butweneedtostopitfromtakingover.Formanyofus,itisbecomingincreasinglydifficulttocontroltheimpulsetocheckourinboxyetagainorseewhethertheneailresarvinasimilarsincewelastlooked.OurchildrenareinasimilardateonFacebook.Inmanyhomes,thecomputerhasbecomethecentreofattention;itisthemeanumthroughwhichweworkandplay.Howdidthisarise,andwhatisitdoingtous?Inthiseraofmassconsumption,wearesurroundedbyadvertisingthaturgesustofindafultillmentthroughtheacquisitionofmaterialgoods.Asaresult,adultsandchildrenincreasinglybelievethatinordertobelongandfeelgoodaboutthemselves,theymustownthelastedmodelorgadget.YetresearchbypsychologistTimKasserofKnoxcollegeinGalesburg,linoIs,nastnralaoalsareplewhoplaceahighvalueonmaterialgoalsareunhappierthanthosewhoarelessmaterialistic.Materialismisalsoassociatedwithlowerself-esteem,greaternarcissism,greatertendencytocompareoneselfunfavorablywithotherpeople,lessempathyandmoreconflictinrelationships.ourculturealsoconstantlyremindsusthattimeismoney.Thisimpliesaneedfortotalefficiency,whichiswhyweareallowinglaptopcomputersandmobilephonestoblurtheseparationbetweenworkandhome.Asoneunhappyhuman-resourcemanagerinahigh-techcompanyputit:"Theygavemeamobilephonesotheycanownme24hoursaday,andaportablecomputer,somyofficeisnowwithmeallthetime—lcannotbreakoutofthispressure.""Soundfamiliar?Psychologistsgenerallybelievethatthelackofaclearseparationbetweenworkandhomesignificantlydamagesourrelationshipswithlovedones.ltalsopredisposeustofocusonthehereandnowattheexpenseoflong-termgoals.Byimposingthesetwinpressures,modernsocietyisindangerofswappingstandardoflivingforqualityoflife.Weneedwaystohelprecoverthoseincreasinglylargepartsofourlivesthatwehavecededtotechnology,toregainmasteryovertechnologyandlearntouseitinahealthyandpositiveway.{TSE}WhatdoesDanielGolemanattempttoilustratebycallingtheera"theageofmelancholy”inParagraph1?A.Technologyhasincreasedpeople'sfeelingsofhappiness.B.Peoplebecomefrustratedforlackofon-lineexperienceC.Peoplearegettingstressedoutbecauseoftechnology.D.Technologycanworkwondersinmodernsociety正确答案：C参考解析：本题考查细节理解题。根据题干中关键词paragraph1,DanielGoleman，"theageofmelancholy"可以定位第二句、第三句Peopletodayexperiencemoredepressionthanpreviousgenerations,despitethetechnologicalwondersthathelpuseveryday.Itmightbecauseofthem.分析得知，故本题选C。21.【单项选择题】“Theageofmelancholy"ishowpsychologistDanielGolemandescribesourage.Peopletodayexperiencemoredepressionthanpreviousgenerations,despitethetechnologicalwondersthathelpuseveryday.Itmightbebecauseofthem.Ourlifestylesareincreasinglydrivenbytechnology.Phones,computersandtheInternetpervadeourdays.Thereisaconstant,naggingneedtocheckfortextsandemails.toupdateFacebook,MySpaceandLinkedlnprofiles,toacquirethelatestnotebookorcellphone.Arewebeingservedbythesetechnologicalwondersorhavewebecomeenslavedbythem?lstudythepsychologyoftechnology,anditseemstomethatwearesleepwalkingintoaworldwheretechnologyisseverelyaffectingourwell-being.Technologycanbehugelyusefulinthefastlaneofmodernliving,butweneedtostopitfromtakingover.Formanyofus,itisbecomingincreasinglydifficulttocontroltheimpulsetocheckourinboxyetagainorseewhethertheneailresarvinasimilarsincewelastlooked.OurchildrenareinasimilardateonFacebook.Inmanyhomes,thecomputerhasbecomethecentreofattention;itisthemeanumthroughwhichweworkandplay.Howdidthisarise,andwhatisitdoingtous?Inthiseraofmassconsumption,wearesurroundedbyadvertisingthaturgesustofindafultillmentthroughtheacquisitionofmaterialgoods.Asaresult,adultsandchildrenincreasinglybelievethatinordertobelongandfeelgoodaboutthemselves,theymustownthelastedmodelorgadget.YetresearchbypsychologistTimKasserofKnoxcollegeinGalesburg,linoIs,nastnralaoalsareplewhoplaceahighvalueonmaterialgoalsareunhappierthanthosewhoarelessmaterialistic.Materialismisalsoassociatedwithlowerself-esteem,greaternarcissism,greatertendencytocompareoneselfunfavorablywithotherpeople,lessempathyandmoreconflictinrelationships.ourculturealsoconstantlyremindsusthattimeismoney.Thisimpliesaneedfortotalefficiency,whichiswhyweareallowinglaptopcomputersandmobilephonestoblurtheseparationbetweenworkandhome.Asoneunhappyhuman-resourcemanagerinahigh-techcompanyputit:"Theygavemeamobilephonesotheycanownme24hoursaday,andaportablecomputer,somyofficeisnowwithmeallthetime—lcannotbreakoutofthispressure.""Soundfamiliar?Psychologistsgenerallybelievethatthelackofaclearseparationbetweenworkandhomesignificantlydamagesourrelationshipswithlovedones.ltalsopredisposeustofocusonthehereandnowattheexpenseoflong-termgoals.Byimposingthesetwinpressures,modernsocietyisindangerofswappingstandardoflivingforqualityoflife.Weneedwaystohelprecoverthoseincreasinglylargepartsofourlivesthatwehavecededtotechnology,toregainmasteryovertechnologyandlearntouseitinahealthyandpositiveway.{TSE}WhatdoesDanielGolemanattempttoilustratebycallingtheera"theageofmelancholy”inParagraph1?A.Technologyhasincreasedpeople'sfeelingsofhappiness.B.Peoplebecomefrustratedforlackofon-lineexperienceC.Peoplearegettingstressedoutbecauseoftechnology.D.Technologycanworkwondersinmodernsociety正确答案：C参考解析：本题考查细节理解题。根据题干中关键词paragraph1,DanielGoleman，"theageofmelancholy"可以定位第二句、第三句Peopletodayexperiencemoredepressionthanpreviousgenerations,despitethetechnologicalwondersthathelpuseveryday.Itmightbecauseofthem.分析得知，故本题选C。26.【单项选择题】Speakingtwolanguagesratherthanjust。onehasobviouspracticalbenefitsinanincreasinglyglobalizedworld.Butinrecentyears,scientistshavebeguntoshowthattheadvantagesofbilingualismareevenmorefundamentalthanbeingabletoconversewithawiderrangeofpeople.Beingbilingual,itturnsout,makesyousmarter.Itcanhaveaprofoundeffectonyourbrain,improvingcognitiveskillsnotrelatedtolanguageandevenshieldingagainstdementiainoldage.Thisviewofbilingualismisremarkablydifferentfromtheunderstandingofbilingualismthroughmuchofthe20thcentury.Researchers,educatorsandpolicymakerslongconsideredasecondlanguagetobeaninterference,cognitivelyspeaking,thathinderedachild'sacademicandintellectualdevelopment.Theywerenotwrongabouttheinterference:thereisampleevidencethatinabilingual'sbrainbothlanguagesystemsareactiveevenwhenheisusingonlyonelanguage,thuscreatingsituationsinwhichonesystemobstructstheother.Butthisinterference,researchersarefindingout,isn'tsomuchahandicapasablessingindisguise.Itforcesthebraintoresolveinternalconflict,givingthemindaworkoutthatstrengthensitscognitivemusclesBilinguals,forinstance,seemtobemoreadeptthanmonolingualsatsolvingcertainkindsofmentalpuzzles.Ina2004studybythepsychologistsEIlenBialystokandMichelleMartin-Rhee,bilingualandmonolingualpreschoolerswereaskedtosortbluecirclesandredsquarespresentedonacomputerscreenintotwodigitalbins-onemarkedwithabluesquareandtheothermarkedwitharedcircle.Inthefirsttask,thechildrenhadtosorttheshapesbycolor,placingbluecirclesintheinmarkedwiththebluesquareandredsquaresinthebinmarkedwiththeredcircle.Bothgroupsdidthiswithcomparableease.Next,thechildrenwereaskedtosortbyshape,whichwasmorechallengingbecauseitrequiredplacingtheimagesinabinmarkedwithaconflictingcolor.Thebilingualswerequickeratperformingthistask.Thecollectiveevidencefromanumberofsuchstudiessuggeststhatthebilingualexperienceimprovesthebrain'sso-calledexecutivefunction一-acommandsystemthatdirectstheattentionprocessesthatweuseforplanning,solvingproblemsandperformingvariousothermentallydemandingtasks.Theseprocessesincludeignoringdistractionstostayfocused,switchingattentionwillfullyfromonethin