2023-2024学年山东省烟台市莱州市九年级（上）期中英语试卷（五四学制）

2023-2024学年山东省烟台市莱州市九年级（上）期中英语试卷（五四学制）阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（6分）Thereisnothingwrongwithhavinganaccent（口音）.Infact，mostnativeEnglishspeakerswon'tcareifyoudo.Youshouldfeelconfidentaboutyouraccent!Butasyouimproveyourlanguageabilities，losingyouraccentmightbesomethingyou'vestartedtothinkabout.And，ifyou'reenteringtheworkforceinanEnglishspeakingenvironment，itisimportanttogetyourpronunciationtoalevelthatnativespeakerscanunderstandwithoutdifficulty.So，here，we'relookingatsometipstohelpyousoundlikeanativespeaker.SpeakslowlyandclearlyPaycloseattentiontogettingyourwordsoutclearlyandspeakingslowlyasyougo.Whenyourpronunciationgetsbetter，youcanspeedupyourspeakingspeed.LearntheschwaskillfullyTheschwaisavowelwhichsoundslike"uh".Englishspeakerspronouncemanyothervowelsoundsastheschwa.LearningwhentoexchangethemcanmakeyourEnglishsoundmorenatural.Use"He"and"She"correctlyMakesurethatyoucallmen"he"andwomen"she".Ifyoumixthemup，itcanbeconfusing（混淆的）foryourlistenersanditisagiveawaythatyouarenotanativespeaker.FalltoneandrisetonefluentlyInEnglish，themeaningofwhatyousaycanchangebasedonthewayyousayit.Makesuretoworkonyourfallingandrisingtonessothatyourmeaningiscommunicatedclearly.Learninghowtosoundlikeanativespeakercanbeahardtask.Butit'ssomethingyou'llhavetodoonyourlanguagelearningjourney.Ifyouwanttoimproveyourpronunciation，thetipsabovewillbeofgreatvaluetoyou.（1）WhatshouldyoudotomakeyourEnglishsoundmorenatural？A．Speakslowlyandclearly.B．Use"He"and"She"correctly.C．Learntheschwaskillfully.D．Fallandriseyourtonefluently.（2）What'sthepurposeofthispassage？A．TosuggestwhatanativeEnglishspeakershoulddo.B．Tosuggestwhatyoushoulddotosoundlikeanativespeaker.C．Toexplainwhythereisnothingwrongwithhavinganaccent.D．Toexplainwhyyourpronunciationisalwaysofgreatimportance.（3）Wherecanyouprobablyreadthispassage？A．Inanovel.B．Inastorybook.C．Inanadvertisement.D．Inamagazine.（8分）Somedesigners（设计师）aretryingtobuildanewtypeofhouse.Thepicturebelowshowssomeinformationaboutthehouse.（4）Accordingtothepassage，theplantsontherooftopcan.A．keepthehousecoolB．takeinwaterC．makethehousebeautifulD．preventwaterpassingthrough（5）Thewatersensorscanwarnpeopleaboutfloods.A．inthegardenB．inthewallsC．underthefloorD．onthetopoftheroof（6）Duringfloods，canmakethehouseriselikeaboat.A．thefloorsofthehouseB．theplantsontherooftopC．thebuoyantmaterialsunderthehouseD．thedrainagesystem（7）Thedesignersbuildthespecialhouseto.A．moveiteasilyB．fightagainstsnowstormsC．reusethewasteD．keepsafeduringfloods（8分）InPontevedra，Spain，peopledon'tshout.Sincecarsarenotallowedinthecity，therearenohorns（喇叭）ornoisesfromcarengines.Peopledon'thavetotryhardtomakethemselvesheard.Whatyouhearinthestreet，instead，isthesingingofbirds."Listen，"saysMiguelLores，themayor（市长），openingthewindowsofhisoffice.Fromthestreetbelowrisesthesoundofhumanvoices，"Morethan14，000carsusedtopassalongthisstreeteveryday.Thereweremorecarspassingthroughthecityinadaythanpeoplelivinghere.Loresbecamemayorin1999.Hespentmonthswalkingaroundthecity."Thehistoricalcityisdead，"hesaidoneday."Itisfullofcars.Itisheavilypolluted.Therearealotoftrafficaccidents.Theelderlyandchildrenaren'tabletousethestreetsbecauseofcars.Peoplewhohadachancetoleavehavedoneso."Atfirst，Loresthoughtofimprovingtrafficconditions.However，hecouldn'tcomeupwithagoodplan.Afterlotsofdiscussions，thegovernmentfinallydecidedtogetridofcars.ThechangehasbroughtPontevedramanybenefits.Trafficaccidentsarenowrare.CO2emissions（排放物）aredownby70%.Manypeoplearemovingtothecity，makingitlivelyagain.Mostlocalpeoplelikethechange.RamiroArmesto，amotheroftwoyoungchildren，said，"Inthepast，thefirstthingtoseeinthemorningwastrafficjams.Now，thecityiscleaner，quieterandsafer."RaquelGarcia，anotherparent，saidshehadstayedinmanycitiesaroundtheworld.However，shehadneverlivedinacityas"easytolivein"asPontevedra."Evenifit'sraining，Iwalkeverywhere.Thefeelingiswonderful，"sheadded.（8）FromParagraph1，weknowPontevedraisa（n）cityinSpain.A．ancientB．quietC．busyD．crowded（9）ForLores，whatwasthecityPontevedra'smainproblem？A．Thehistoricalcitywasdead.B．Therewerelotsoftrafficaccidents.C．Manypeoplewereleavingthecity.D．Thereweretoomanycarsinthecity.（10）Theunderlinedword"benefits"probablymeans""inEnglish.A．choicesB．advantagesC．problemsD．symbols（11）Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph？A．Toshowhowpeoplelikethechange.B．Toletmorecitiesfollowthechange.C．Toexplainwhatpeoplethinkofthecity.D．TotellwhypeoplelikelivinginPontevedra.（8分）Scientistswhostudyhappinesshaveevidence（证据）toshowthatbeingkindtootherscanresultinhappiness.Actsassimpleasbuyingacupofcoffeeforsomeonecanliftaperson'smood，forexample.Everydaylifeisfullofchancesforsuchactions，yetpeopledonotalwaysmakethemostofthem.Instudies，behavioralscientistNicholasEpleyandIexaminedapossibleexplanation：peoplewhodokindactsunderestimate（低估）howmuchtheonesreceivingkindnessvaluetheirbehavior.Intheexperiments（实验），about1，000peoplewereaskedtodosomeactionstomakesomeoneelsefeelgood，Weaskedboththepersonperforming（执行）thekindactandtheonereceivingittoanswersomequestions.Theperformerswereaskedtoreporttheirownexperienceandtoguesshowthereceiversmightfeel，Wewantedtounderstandhowvaluablepeopleconsideredtheseactstobe，soboththeperformerandreceiverhadtorate（评分）how"big"theactseemed.Inallcases，wecomparedtheperformer'sexpectationsofthereceiver'smoodwiththereceiver'sactual（实际的）experience.Forone，bothperformersandreceiversexperiencedmorepositive（积极的）moods.Foranother，thereceiversfeltmuchbetterthanthekindperformersexpected.Thereceiversalsoratedtheseactsas"bigger"thanthepeopleperformingthemdid.Atfirst，westudiedactsofthekindnessdoneforfamiliarpeople，suchasfriends，classmatesorfamily.Butwefoundthatperformersunderestimatedtheirpositiveinfluencesonstrangersaswell.Inoneexperiment，performersinapublicparkgaveawayhotchocolateonacoldwinter'sdaytopeoplethatjusthappenedtobenearby.Again，thekindactbroughtmorehappinessthantheperformersexpected.Thesefindingssuggestthatwhatmightseemsmallcouldmatteragreatdealtothepersonwedoitfor.Consideringthesewarmactionscanimproveourownmoodandbrightenthedayofanotherperson，whynotchoosekindnesswhenwecan？（12）Whatdidthereceiversdointheexperiments？A．Theyshowedkindnesstoothers.B．Theyguessedtheperformers'feelings.C．Theyratedhowvaluabletheperformers'actofkindnesswas.D．Theycomparedtheperformers'expectationswiththeiractualresults.（13）Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout？A．Differentpurposesoftheresearch.B．Moreevidencefortheresearchresults.C．Possibleinfluencesoftheresearchfindings.D．Anotherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.（14）Whatisthewriter'sattitude（态度）towardsshowingkindnesstoothers？A．Supportive.B．Unclear.C．Doubtful.D．Uninterested.（15）Whatisthemainideaofthisarticle？A．Beingkindcanreduceone'shappinessasexpected.B．Kindnesscanhaveunexpectedlypositiveinfluences.C．Choosingkindnessismoredifficultthanexpected.D．Showingkindnessismorevaluablethanreceivingit.16．（5分）Chinaisthecountrythateatsthemostwatermelonsintheworld.It'snotbecauseforeignersdon'tlikewatermelonsbut"theycan'taffordthem"Doyouknowwhy？（1）It'sreportedthatakiloofUSwatermelonisabout＄6.91inNewYork，whichisabout￥46inChina.（2）ButthingsaredifferentinChina.AccordingtotheFAO（联合国粮农组织），Chinanowistheworld'slargestwatermelonproducerandcustomer.（3）Andtheweatherisjustrightforplantingwatermelons.Withthelargeoutput（产量），thepriceisnaturallymuchlower.Secondly，countriesliketheUSAandAustraliahaveawideland，butwatermelonswerenotintroducedthereasearlyasinChina.Thelocalpeoplepreferotherfruitsthatwereknownearliertowatermelons.（4）Thirdly，accordingtosomereports，watermelonsfromforeigncountriesmaynottastegood.（5）Whyisthat？WuMingzhuisan80﹣year﹣oldChinesescientistwhospendsherwholelifeontheimprovementofgrowingbetterwatermelons.Thankstoherhardwork，wecanenjoymoredeliciousandmuchcheaperwatermelons.A.Firstly，China'slandareaislarge.B.Watermelonsaremyfavoritefruit.C.So，watermelonsarenotaspopularasotherfruits.D.That'sbecausethey'retooexpensiveinmostcountries.E.However，inChina，weseldomeatwatermelonsthattastebad.F.WatermelonsarealsofamousforbeingexpensiveinJapanandSouthKorea.语言知识应用阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（10分）Onahotandwetsummerday，Nuraandherdadfoundaplacetocooloffatthecitymuseum.Suddenlythelightswentout，leavingtheroomcompletely（17）."Dad，what'sgoingon？"Nuracalledoutloudly."Don'tworry.Thelightsmightcomebackonsoon."Dadsaid（18）tocomfort（安慰）Nura.Inamoment，aworkerwavedtheflashlightatthemandsaid，"Excuseme，sir.Thereisapowercut（停电）acrossthecity.Wehaveto（19）themuseum.Iwillwalkyoutothegate."Nuraandherdadstoppedattheirfavoriteshopforicecream.TheshopownerrefusedwhenNura'sdadtriedto（20）."Forgetaboutit，"hesaid，"Itwillallbesoupsoon，anyway!"AfterNuraandherdadarrivedhome，theyfoundtheneighbors（21）theirapartments.Everyonesharedicewater，talkingandlaughingaboutthehotweather."Ican't（22）theheatinmyroom."Mrs.Fongsaid，fanningherselfwithanewspaper.Awomanwholiveddownstairswasstandinginthedoorway."Ifthepowerdoesn'tcomeonsoon，I'llhaveto（23）allthefood，"shesaid."Themeatinthe（24）willgobadwithoutpower，"saidNura'sdad."Let'stakeoutthegrill（烤架）tocookit.""I'llseewhatIhave，"thewomaninthedoorwaysaid."I'llmakesuretobringenoughforeveryone."Astheyhadtheir（25），nightfelloverthecity.Theairwasthickandhot，butNuradidn'tmindanymore.Shehadenjoyed（26）icecream，andshehadsharedamealwithherneighbors.Shesmiledtoherselfandcontinuedtowatchthestars.（17）A．coldB．crowdedC．darkD．empty（18）A．peacefullyB．weaklyC．fairlyD．strangely（19）A．openB．closeC．tidyD．visit（20）A．spendB．costC．payD．afford（21）A．alongB．insideC．aboveD．outside（22）A．standB．suggestC．raiseD．create（23）A．takeoffB．throwawayC．lookthroughD．cutup（24）A．marketB．bowlC．glassD．fridge（25）A．breakfastB．drinkC．lunchD．dinner（26）A．smoothB．freshC．freeD．cheap语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）FredericChopin（1810—1849）wasagreatcomposerandanexcellentpianist.Hecomposedtwenty﹣fourshort（1）（piece）forthepianocalledpreludes（序曲）.Thelongestone，Preludeno.15，isbetter（2）（know）byitsnickname，the"Raindrop"Prelude.Howdiditgetitsnickname？Onedayin1838，whenChopin'sloverGeorgeSandwentoutinarainstorm，Chopinbecameworried.Whilehe（3）（wait）forSand，hewrotePreludeno.15.WhenSandcamebackChopinplayed（4）（she）themusic.Sandthoughtthenotessoundedlikeraindrops.SheletChopin（5）（listen）totheraindropsfallingontheroof.ThismadeChopin（6）（happy）.Heinsistedthatheneverpaidattentiontothosesoundsor（7）（copy）them.However，likeSand，manypeoplehearraindropsinthisprelude.Somenotesrepeatingthroughoutthepiecesoundlikeraindrops.Theflowofthemusicislikerain，too.Thepiecestarts（8）（soft），（9）itgetslouder，likeraingettingheavier.Thenthemusicgetsquietandfinally（10）（end），likerainwhenitstops.阅读表达阅读下面的短文，完成短文后的问题。28．（10分）WorldWaterDayiscelebratedonMarch22everyyear.Itdrawsattentiontotheimportantroleofwaterinourlives，thedifficultiespeoplefaceingettingwaterandsolutionstotheseproblems.Itisreportedbyscientiststhatbetween55and60percentoftheadultbodyismadeofit.Innormalconditions，thehumanbodycanonlystayalivethreeorfourdayswithoutwater.Weneedwatertostayalive，yettherearebillionsofpeopleallovertheworldwhodonothaveaccess（使用）tosafedrinkingwater.TheproblemsfacingcommunitieswithoutwaterExceptfortheobvioushealthproblems，ashortageofcleanwatermeansthatsomepeopleinsomeareas—oftenwomenandchildren—havetospendhourseverydaywalkingtoandfromdistantwatersupplies（供应）.Thismeanstheydon'thavetimetofocustheirattentionontheirwork，studiesandotherduties.Sothesearchforwaterbecomestheirmainjobs.Formanypeople，theaccesstowaterhasbecomeincreasinglydifficultbecauseoftheincreasingneedforalimitedresource.Whatarethesolutions？Infact，manygovernmentsandorganizationshavealreadytakenactionstooffergoodsolutions.Waste﹣waterrecycling，storingrainwater，moreefficientirrigationtechniques（灌溉技术）andreforestationaregoodexamplesofhowwatercanbeusedmoreefficiently.Therearealsomanyothercharitiesworkingoncreatingsustainable（可持续性）suppliesofcleanwaterfordifferentcommunitiesaroundtheworld，butthisimportantworkneedstocontinue.WhatwecandotohelpThethemeofWorldWaterDayisvaluingwater.Thevalueofwaterisaboutmuchmorethanitsprice.Withoutanunderstandingofwater'struevalue，wewillbeunabletosafeguardit.Whatwecandotohelpistosupportcharities，takepartintheWorldWaterDayevents，becarefulwithhowweusewaterinourownlives.'WecanalsovisittheUNWorldWaterDaywebsitetofindoutaboutaneventnearusandhelpspreadaroundtheworldabouttheimportanceofsavingwater.（1）WhenistheWorldWaterDay？（2）Howlongcanhumanstayalivewithoutwater？（3）Whyhastheaccesstowaterbecomeincreasinglydifficult？（4）Whohastakenactionstooffergoodsolutionstosavewater？（5）Whatcanwedoinourdailylifetosavewater？（Listatleasttwoactions）写作29．（20分）旅游是我们看世界的重要方式，它可以让我们开阔视野，增长见识，丰富阅历，陶冶情操。如果你有机会出去旅游，你最想去的地方是哪里？为什么想去那个地方？你想在那个地方干些什么？请以"TheplaceIwanttovisit"为题，写一篇100词左右的短文。要求：（1）文中不得出现考生姓名、学校及其他相关信息；（2）照抄试卷内容不得分。________

2023-2024学年山东省烟台市莱州市九年级（上）期中英语试卷（五四学制）参考答案与试题解析阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（6分）Thereisnothingwrongwithhavinganaccent（口音）.Infact，mostnativeEnglishspeakerswon'tcareifyoudo.Youshouldfeelconfidentaboutyouraccent!Butasyouimproveyourlanguageabilities，losingyouraccentmightbesomethingyou'vestartedtothinkabout.And，ifyou'reenteringtheworkforceinanEnglishspeakingenvironment，itisimportanttogetyourpronunciationtoalevelthatnativespeakerscanunderstandwithoutdifficulty.So，here，we'relookingatsometipstohelpyousoundlikeanativespeaker.SpeakslowlyandclearlyPaycloseattentiontogettingyourwordsoutclearlyandspeakingslowlyasyougo.Whenyourpronunciationgetsbetter，youcanspeedupyourspeakingspeed.LearntheschwaskillfullyTheschwaisavowelwhichsoundslike"uh".Englishspeakerspronouncemanyothervowelsoundsastheschwa.LearningwhentoexchangethemcanmakeyourEnglishsoundmorenatural.Use"He"and"She"correctlyMakesurethatyoucallmen"he"andwomen"she".Ifyoumixthemup，itcanbeconfusing（混淆的）foryourlistenersanditisagiveawaythatyouarenotanativespeaker.FalltoneandrisetonefluentlyInEnglish，themeaningofwhatyousaycanchangebasedonthewayyousayit.Makesuretoworkonyourfallingandrisingtonessothatyourmeaningiscommunicatedclearly.Learninghowtosoundlikeanativespeakercanbeahardtask.Butit'ssomethingyou'llhavetodoonyourlanguagelearningjourney.Ifyouwanttoimproveyourpronunciation，thetipsabovewillbeofgreatvaluetoyou.（1）WhatshouldyoudotomakeyourEnglishsoundmorenatural？CA．Speakslowlyandclearly.B．Use"He"and"She"correctly.C．Learntheschwaskillfully.D．Fallandriseyourtonefluently.（2）What'sthepurposeofthispassage？BA．TosuggestwhatanativeEnglishspeakershoulddo.B．Tosuggestwhatyoushoulddotosoundlikeanativespeaker.C．Toexplainwhythereisnothingwrongwithhavinganaccent.D．Toexplainwhyyourpronunciationisalwaysofgreatimportance.（3）Wherecanyouprobablyreadthispassage？DA．Inanovel.B．Inastorybook.C．Inanadvertisement.D．Inamagazine.【分析】本文主要介绍了一些可以帮助你的发音听起来像一个母语人士的方法。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据"Englishspeakerspronouncemanyothervowelsoundsastheschwa.LearningwhentoexchangethemcanmakeyourEnglishsoundmorenatural."（说英语的人把许多其他的元音发成弱读元音。学会什么时候交换它们可以让你的英语听起来更自然。）可知熟练地学习弱读音可以让你的英语听起来更自然。故选C。（2）主旨大意题。根据第1段"So，here，we'relookingatsometipstohelpyousoundlikeanativespeaker."（所以，在这里，我们来看看一些技巧来帮助你听起来像一个母语人士。）可知文章是为了帮助你应该怎么做才能听起来像母语人士。故选B。（3）推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一些可以帮助你的发音听起来像一个母语人士的方法，所以文章可能在杂志上看到，故选D。【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。（8分）Somedesigners（设计师）aretryingtobuildanewtypeofhouse.Thepicturebelowshowssomeinformationaboutthehouse.（4）Accordingtothepassage，theplantsontherooftopcanB.A．keepthehousecoolB．takeinwaterC．makethehousebeautifulD．preventwaterpassingthrough（5）ThewatersensorsAcanwarnpeopleaboutfloods.A．inthegardenB．inthewallsC．underthefloorD．onthetopoftheroof（6）Duringfloods，Ccanmakethehouseriselikeaboat.A．thefloorsofthehouseB．theplantsontherooftopC．thebuoyantmaterialsunderthehouseD．thedrainagesystem（7）ThedesignersbuildthespecialhousetoD.A．moveiteasilyB．fightagainstsnowstormsC．reusethewasteD．keepsafeduringfloods【分析】本文主要介绍了设计师们设计的一款能够在洪水期间保证安全的房子。【解答】（4）细节理解题。根据图片内容Thereareplantsonthetopoftheroof.Theycan"drink"lotsofwater.（屋顶上有一些植物。他们可以"喝"很多水。）可知屋顶上的植物可以吸收水分，故选B。（5）细节理解题。根据图片内容Garden：Thegardenhaswatersensors.Theycantellpeoplewhenfloodsarecoming.（花园：花园有水传感器。它们可以告诉人们洪水什么时候来。）可知花园里的水传感器可以警告人们有洪水，故选A。（6）细节理解题。根据图片内容Therearebuoyantmaterialsunderthehouse.Duringfloods，thehousecanriselikeaboat.（房屋下面有浮力材料。在洪水期间，房子可以像船一样上升。）可知在洪水期间，房屋下面的浮力材料可以使房屋像船一样上升，故选C。（7）推理判断题。根据图片内容Therearebuoyantmaterialsunderthehouse.Duringfloods，thehousecanriselikeaboat.（房屋下面有浮力材料。在洪水期间，房子可以像船一样上升。）可推知设计者建造这种特殊的房子是为了在洪水期间保持安全，故选D。【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。（8分）InPontevedra，Spain，peopledon'tshout.Sincecarsarenotallowedinthecity，therearenohorns（喇叭）ornoisesfromcarengines.Peopledon'thavetotryhardtomakethemselvesheard.Whatyouhearinthestreet，instead，isthesingingofbirds."Listen，"saysMiguelLores，themayor（市长），openingthewindowsofhisoffice.Fromthestreetbelowrisesthesoundofhumanvoices，"Morethan14，000carsusedtopassalongthisstreeteveryday.Thereweremorecarspassingthroughthecityinadaythanpeoplelivinghere.Loresbecamemayorin1999.Hespentmonthswalkingaroundthecity."Thehistoricalcityisdead，"hesaidoneday."Itisfullofcars.Itisheavilypolluted.Therearealotoftrafficaccidents.Theelderlyandchildrenaren'tabletousethestreetsbecauseofcars.Peoplewhohadachancetoleavehavedoneso."Atfirst，Loresthoughtofimprovingtrafficconditions.However，hecouldn'tcomeupwithagoodplan.Afterlotsofdiscussions，thegovernmentfinallydecidedtogetridofcars.ThechangehasbroughtPontevedramanybenefits.Trafficaccidentsarenowrare.CO2emissions（排放物）aredownby70%.Manypeoplearemovingtothecity，makingitlivelyagain.Mostlocalpeoplelikethechange.RamiroArmesto，amotheroftwoyoungchildren，said，"Inthepast，thefirstthingtoseeinthemorningwastrafficjams.Now，thecityiscleaner，quieterandsafer."RaquelGarcia，anotherparent，saidshehadstayedinmanycitiesaroundtheworld.However，shehadneverlivedinacityas"easytolivein"asPontevedra."Evenifit'sraining，Iwalkeverywhere.Thefeelingiswonderful，"sheadded.（8）FromParagraph1，weknowPontevedraisa（n）BcityinSpain.A．ancientB．quietC．busyD．crowded（9）ForLores，whatwasthecityPontevedra'smainproblem？DA．Thehistoricalcitywasdead.B．Therewerelotsoftrafficaccidents.C．Manypeoplewereleavingthecity.D．Thereweretoomanycarsinthecity.（10）Theunderlinedword"benefits"probablymeans"B"inEnglish.A．choicesB．advantagesC．problemsD．symbols（11）Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph？AA．Toshowhowpeoplelikethechange.B．Toletmorecitiesfollowthechange.C．Toexplainwhatpeoplethinkofthecity.D．TotellwhypeoplelikelivinginPontevedra.【分析】这篇短文主要写了西班牙庞特韦德拉市的交通状况和城市改变。【解答】（8）推理判断题。根据第一段InPontevedra，Spain，peopledon'tshout.Sincecarsarenotallowedinthecity，therearenohorns（喇叭）ornoisesfromcarengines.（在西班牙的庞特韦德拉市，人们不大喊大叫。由于不允许汽车进入城市，所以没有喇叭声或汽车引擎的噪音。）可推知庞特韦德拉是西班牙一个安静的城市，故选B。（9）推理判断题。根据第三段Itisfullofcars.Itisheavilypolluted.Therearealotoftrafficaccidents.Theelderlyandchildrenaren'tabletousethestreetsbecauseofcars.（到处都是汽车。它被严重污染。有很多交通事故。由于汽车的缘故，老人和孩子不能使用街道。）可推知庞特韦德拉市主要问题是城市里的汽车太多了，故选D。（10）词义猜测题。根据第五段ThechangehasbroughtPontevedramanybenefits.Trafficaccidentsarenowrare（罕见的）.CO2emissions（排放物）aredownby70%.Manypeoplearemovingtothecity，makingitlivelyagain.（这种变化给庞特韦德拉市带来了许多......。交通事故现在很少见了。二氧化碳排放量下降了70%。许多人搬到城市，使它再次充满活力。）可推知此处是指带来了很多好处，与"advantages"同义，故选B。（11）段落大意题。根据最后一段Mostlocalpeoplelikethechange.RamiroArmesto，amotheroftwoyoungchildren，said，"Inthepast，thefirstthingtoseeinthemorningwastrafficjams.Now，thecityiscleaner，quieterandsafer."（大多数当地人都喜欢这种变化。RamiroArmesto是两个孩子的母亲，她说："过去，早上首先看到的是交通堵塞。现在，这个城市更干净、更安静、更安全了。"）可知最后一段主要为了显示人们对这种变化的喜爱，故选A。【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。（8分）Scientistswhostudyhappinesshaveevidence（证据）toshowthatbeingkindtootherscanresultinhappiness.Actsassimpleasbuyingacupofcoffeeforsomeonecanliftaperson'smood，forexample.Everydaylifeisfullofchancesforsuchactions，yetpeopledonotalwaysmakethemostofthem.Instudies，behavioralscientistNicholasEpleyandIexaminedapossibleexplanation：peoplewhodokindactsunderestimate（低估）howmuchtheonesreceivingkindnessvaluetheirbehavior.Intheexperiments（实验），about1，000peoplewereaskedtodosomeactionstomakesomeoneelsefeelgood，Weaskedboththepersonperforming（执行）thekindactandtheonereceivingittoanswersomequestions.Theperformerswereaskedtoreporttheirownexperienceandtoguesshowthereceiversmightfeel，Wewantedtounderstandhowvaluablepeopleconsideredtheseactstobe，soboththeperformerandreceiverhadtorate（评分）how"big"theactseemed.Inallcases，wecomparedtheperformer'sexpectationsofthereceiver'smoodwiththereceiver'sactual（实际的）experience.Forone，bothperformersandreceiversexperiencedmorepositive（积极的）moods.Foranother，thereceiversfeltmuchbetterthanthekindperformersexpected.Thereceiversalsoratedtheseactsas"bigger"thanthepeopleperformingthemdid.Atfirst，westudiedactsofthekindnessdoneforfamiliarpeople，suchasfriends，classmatesorfamily.Butwefoundthatperformersunderestimatedtheirpositiveinfluencesonstrangersaswell.Inoneexperiment，performersinapublicparkgaveawayhotchocolateonacoldwinter'sdaytopeoplethatjusthappenedtobenearby.Again，thekindactbroughtmorehappinessthantheperformersexpected.Thesefindingssuggestthatwhatmightseemsmallcouldmatteragreatdealtothepersonwedoitfor.Consideringthesewarmactionscanimproveourownmoodandbrightenthedayofanotherperson，whynotchoosekindnesswhenwecan？（12）Whatdidthereceiversdointheexperiments？CA．Theyshowedkindnesstoothers.B．Theyguessedtheperformers'feelings.C．Theyratedhowvaluabletheperformers'actofkindnesswas.D．Theycomparedtheperformers'expectationswiththeiractualresults.（13）Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout？CA．Differentpurposesoftheresearch.B．Moreevidencefortheresearchresults.C．Possibleinfluencesoftheresearchfindings.D．Anotherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.（14）Whatisthewriter'sattitude（态度）towardsshowingkindnesstoothers？AA．Supportive.B．Unclear.C．Doubtful.D．Uninterested.（15）Whatisthemainideaofthisarticle？BA．Beingkindcanreduceone'shappinessasexpected.B．Kindnesscanhaveunexpectedlypositiveinfluences.C．Choosingkindnessismoredifficultthanexpected.D．Showingkindnessismorevaluablethanreceivingit.【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了科学家研究幸福感的证据表明，对他人友善可以带来幸福。【解答】（12）细节理解题。根据第三段Wewantedtounderstandhowvaluablepeopleconsideredtheseactstobe，soboththeperformerandreceiverhadtorate（评分）how"big"theactseemed.（我们想了解人们认为这些行为有怎样的价值，所以表演者和接受者都必须给这个行为看起来有多"大"打分。）可知接收者在实验中评价表演者的善举的价值，故选C。（13）段落大意题。根据第五段Atfirst，westudiedactsofthekindnessdoneforfamiliarpeople，suchasfriends，classmatesorfamily.Butwefoundthatperformersunderestimatedtheirpositiveinfluencesonstrangersaswell.（首先，我们研究了对熟悉的人，如朋友、同学或家人所做的善事。但我们发现，表演者也低估了他们对陌生人的积极影响。）可推知第五段主要介绍了研究结果可能产生的影响，故选C。（14）推理判断题。根据最后一段Consideringthesewarmactionscanimproveourownmoodandbrightenthedayofanotherperson，whynotchoosekindnesswhenwecan？（考虑到这些温暖的行为可以改善我们自己的心情，照亮别人的一天，为什么不选择善意呢？）可推知作者对善待他人的态度是支持的，故选A。（15）主旨大意题。根据第二段Instudies，behavioralscientistNicholasEpleyandIexaminedapossibleexplanation：peoplewhodokindactsunderestimate（低估）howmuchtheonesreceivingkindnessvaluetheirbehavior.（在研究中，行为科学家NicholasEpley和我研究了一种可能的解释：做好事的人低估了接受善意的人对自己行为的重视程度。）结合下文，可知本文主要介绍了善良可以产生意想不到的积极影响，故选B。【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。16．（5分）Chinaisthecountrythateatsthemostwatermelonsintheworld.It'snotbecauseforeignersdon'tlikewatermelonsbut"theycan'taffordthem"Doyouknowwhy？（1）DIt'sreportedthatakiloofUSwatermelonisabout＄6.91inNewYork，whichisabout￥46inChina.（2）FButthingsaredifferentinChina.AccordingtotheFAO（联合国粮农组织），Chinanowistheworld'slargestwatermelonproducerandcustomer.（3）AAndtheweatherisjustrightforplantingwatermelons.Withthelarge