高中英语Module3TheViolenceofNatureGrammar素养评价（含解析）外研版必修

Module3TheViolenceofNatureGrammarⅠ.单句语法填空1.Hesaidthatthenovelhadbeentranslated(translate)intoseverallanguages.

2.Bytheendoflastyear,10,000treeshadbeenplanted(plant)inthatvillage.

3.Bythetimehewas12,mybrotherhadbeensent(send)toAmerica.

4.Thevegetablesdidn’ttasteverygood.Theyhadbeencooked(cook)toolong.

5.Whenhereturnedtohishometown,hewassurprisedtofindthatgreatchangeshadtakenplace(takeplace)inhishometown.

6.ItwasthethirdtimethatTomhadbeencaught(catch)cheatinginthemathsexam.

7.Yesterdayourteachertoldusthatlighttravels(travel)muchfasterthansound.8.HeaskedmewhetherIspokeEnglishorFrench.9.Tom’smothertoldhimnottowaste(waste)histimeonthecomputergames.

10.WhenIphonedJane,shetoldmethatshewasreading(read)anovel.

Ⅱ.将下列各句由主动语态变为被动语态1.Mymotherinvitedhimtodinneryesterdayevening.Hewasinvitedtodinnerbymymotheryesterdayevening.

2.JustnowIheardthenewsthatanAmericancompanyhadtakenoverourfirm.JustnowIheardthenewsthatourfirmhadbeentakenoverbyanAmericancompany.

3.Weshouldpaymoreattentiontotheeducationoftheyoungpeople.Moreattentionshouldbepaidtotheeducationoftheyoungpeople./Theeducationoftheyoungpeopleshouldbepaidmoreattentionto.

4.BythetimeEdisonwasten,hehadbuiltachemistrylab.BythetimeEdisonwasten,achemistrylabhadbeenbuiltbyhim.

5.Thefloodwashedthehouseaway.Thehousewaswashedawaybytheflood.

6.WeregardTomasthebeststudentinhisclass.Tomisregardedasthebeststudentinhisclass.

7.Wehadarrivedatanagreementbeforetheendofthemeeting.Anagreementhadbeenarrivedatbyusbeforetheendofthemeeting.

8.Accordingtothelaw,wemustholdtheelectionwithinthenexttwomonths.Accordingtothelaw,theelectionmustbeheldwithinthenexttwomonths.

Ⅰ.阅读理解(2020·长春高一检测)ChristianEijkman,aDutchdoctor,lefttheNetherlandsfortheislandofAtfirst,Eijkmanthoughtsomekindofgerm(细菌)causedberi-beri.Heraisedsomechickens.Hedidn’teatthem,butmadeexperimentsonthem.Thelocalpeoplewerequitesurprisedatthat.OnedayhenoticedthathischickensbecamesickwhentheywerefedthefoodmostJavaneseate—refinedwhiterice(精制米).Whenhefedthemwithunrefinedrice,alsoknownasbrownrice,theyrecovered.Eijkmanrealizedthathehadmadeanimportantdiscovery—thatsomethingsinfoodcouldpreventdisease.Thesethingswerenamedvitamins(维生素).TheJavanesewerenotgettingenoughvitaminsbecausetheyhadactuallyremovedthepartthatcontainsvitamins.Later,otherdiseaseswerealsofoundtobecausedbythelackofvitaminsinaperson’sfood.Todaymanypeopleknowtheimportanceofvitaminsandtheymakesuretheyhaveenoughvitaminsfromthefoodtheyeat.Iftheydon’t,theycanalsotakevitaminpills.【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文,记叙了荷兰医生ChristianEijkman离开荷兰前往爪哇岛为岛上的人们寻找一种叫做beri-beri的疾病的治愈方法,并最终成功发现了导致疾病的原因是维生素缺乏的故事。1.Theunderlinedword“cure”inParagraph1probablymeans_____.

A.akindofvitamin B.amedicaltreatmentC.akindofgerm D.akindofrice【解析】选B。词义猜测题。结合上文可知,荷兰医生ChristianEijkman离开荷兰前往爪哇岛,岛上的许多人都患有一种叫做beri-beri的疾病,因此他要去那里试着找到治愈方法。故可推测画线单词的意思为“治疗”。2.ChristianEijkmanwenttotheislandofA.spendhisholidayB.findwaystogrowbettercropsC.helptheJavanesewiththeirillnessD.dosomeresearchabouttheisland【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段“荷兰医生ChristianEijkman离开荷兰前往爪哇岛。岛上的许多人都患有一种叫做beri-beri的疾病。他要去那里试着找到治愈方法。”可知,ChristianEijkman前往爪哇岛帮助爪哇人治疗疾病。3.WhydidChristianA.Toeatthem.B.TogivetheJavaneseasurprise.C.Tocarryouthisexperiments.D.Tomakemoneybysellingthem.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段Heraisedsomechickens.Hedidn’teatthem,butmadeexperimentsonthem.(他养了一些鸡。他不吃它们,而是在它们身上做实验。)可知,ChristianEijkman饲养了一些鸡来进行他的实验。4.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_____.

A.beri-beriwascausedbychickensB.theJavanesedidn’tlikevitaminsC.theJavanese’sdiseasewascausedbyakindofgermD.Christian【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段“Eijkman意识到他有了一个重要的发现——食物中的某些东西可以预防疾病。这些东西被称为维生素。爪哇人没有得到足够的维生素,因为他们实际上去掉了含有维生素的部分。后来,人们还发现其他疾病也是由食物中缺乏维生素引起的。”可知,ChristianEijkman的实验是成功的。Ⅱ.完形填空(2020·中山高一检测)Itall1whenwewereatschoolonaMonday.Itwasafterlunchtimeandwehadjustfinishedthisweek’smathsexamandStephen,Vivian,KrystalandIwerecorrectingour2again.WewerejustgettingreadytodoEnglishwheneverythingstarted3.Thingswereflyingeverywhere.ItwasanEARTHQUAKE!

Stephen,Vivian,KrystalandIall4forcoverwhileeveryoneelsestoodthere,too5tomove.Eventhe6boysintheclassdidn’tmove!Itshooklikejellyanditwasthescariestearthquakeever!Abookshelffellonthe7ofthegirls.Theheaterfellontheboys.Itwasa8!Sofar,Stephen,Vivian,KrystalandIweretheonlypeople9.Wewereallasscaredasifwehadseena10.

Theearthquakewentforacouplemore11andthenweranintothecorridorandcheckedifanyonewasalive.Everyonebutuswasdead.Wewentoutsideandallthe12werewrecked.Allexceptone.

Weranintothehouseanditwasas13asice.Thedisgustingcobwebs(蜘蛛网)touchedourskin.Itwasa14!Thehousewasoldandrottenandit15likereallybadbodysmell.Weran16andweheardsomeone17.We18thedoor.Therewasa19intheroom.Weguessedshewasabouteightyearsold.“Helpme,”sheshoutedinafrightenedvoice,IwasjustabouttohelpherwhenIheardmyalarmclockringing.Itwasjusta(n)20【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己的一个可怕的梦,梦见自己和同学在教室里时发生了大地震,损伤惨重。1.A.finishedB.startedC.continuedD.changed【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意:一个周一我们在学校的时候,事情开始发生了。finished结束;started开始;continued继续;changed改变。这是一篇记叙文,开篇肯定是介绍事情开始发生。并且此处空格与后文中的“started”呼应。2.A.answers B.compositionC.paper D.English【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意:Stephen,Vivian,Krystal和我正在又一次修改我们的答案。answers答案;composition作文;paper论文;English英语。前半句话讲述刚刚结束了这周的数学考试,所以“我们”应该是在修改答案。3.A.burning B.flying C.shaking D.completing【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。句意:当一切开始摇晃的时候,我们正准备做英语。burning燃烧;flying飞;shaking摇晃;completing完成。此空格与第二段中的“Itshooklikejelly(像果冻一样摇晃)”呼应。4.A.walked B.wandered C.stood D.escaped【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意:Stephen,Vivian,Krystal和我都逃去找掩蔽物,而其他人都站在那里,太害怕了以至于不敢动。walked走;wandered漫游;stood站立;escaped逃跑。在很害怕的情况下,我们按常理推断,应该是逃跑。5.A.scared B.pleased C.surprised D.interested【解析】选A。考查形容词。scared害怕的;pleased高兴的;surprised惊奇的;interested感兴趣的。空格与下文的“thescariest”呼应。6.A.youngest B.bravest C.tallest D.saddest【解析】选B。考查形容词最高级。句意:即使班级里最勇敢的男孩也没动!youngest最小的;bravest最勇敢的;tallest最高的;saddest最悲伤的。由于有even(甚至),我们知道是在强调大家害怕,所以用最勇敢的男孩举例强调有多么害怕。7.A.top B.bottom C.left D.right【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意:一个书架掉在了女孩子们的上方。top顶部;bottom底部;left左边;right右边。由下文可知,这些人都死了,所以应该是掉到女孩们的上方。8.A.flood B.fire C.disaster D.war【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意:这是一场灾难!flood洪水;fire火;disaster灾难;war战争。由下文死了很多人可知这是一场灾难。9.A.dead B.alive C.awake D.sleeping【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。句意:到目前为止,Stephen,Vivian,Krystal和我是仅存的活着的人。dead死的;alive活着的;awake醒着的;sleeping睡着的。此空格与下文中的“ifanyonewasalive”呼应。10.A.movie B.play C.stranger D.ghost【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。句意:我们都很害怕就好像看见了鬼一样。movie电影;play比赛,剧本;stranger陌生人;ghost鬼。这里指害怕,这四个选项中只有看见鬼才会很害怕。11.A.nights B.minutes C.days D.weeks【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意:地震又持续了两分多钟。nights晚上;minutes分钟;days天;weeks周。根据常识,我们知道地震一般几分钟结束。12.A.schools B.rooms C.houses D.corridors【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意:我们出去,除了一间房子,其他所有的房子都毁坏了。schools学校;rooms房间;houses房子;corridors走廊。此空格与下段首句中的house呼应。13.A.cold B.hot C.warm D.cool【解析】选A。考查形容词。句意:我们跑进这间房子,里面像冰一样冷。cold冷;hot热;warm暖和;cool凉爽。由于ice是冷的,故用cold。14.A.cry B.nightmare C.house D.room【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意:讨厌的蜘蛛网碰到了我们的皮肤,简直是一个噩梦!cry哭;nightmare噩梦;house房子;room房间。“it”指代的是前面蜘蛛网碰到皮肤的事情,所以只能是噩梦。15.A.looked B.felt C.smelt D.tasted【解析】选C。考查系动词。句意:这间房子很旧而且腐烂了,闻起来像糟糕的体臭味。looked看起来像……;felt感觉……;smelt闻起来……;tasted尝起来……。由后面的“badbodysmell”可知这里描述的是气味。16.A.downstairs B.outsideC.inside D.upstairs【解析】选D。考查副词。句意:我们跑到楼上去,听到了有人呼喊。downstairs到楼下;outside到外边;inside到里边;upstairs到楼上。由于作者和同学四个人一起在搜查有没有人活着,所以他们检查完这间房子后就上楼去看看。17.A.singing B.talking C.shouting D.laughing【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。singing唱歌;talking说话;shouting呼喊;laughing笑。此处空格与后面的“sheshouted”呼应。18.A.opened B.closed C.broke D.locked【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意:我们打开门。opened打开;closed关上;broke打破;locked锁上。根据语境可知,作者他们要打开门看看房间里有谁。19.A.lady B.man C.boy D.girl【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。句意:房间里有个小女孩。lady女士;man男人;boy男孩;girl女孩。由“shewasabouteightyearsold(她大概八岁)”可知,是个小女孩。20.A.story B.fact C.earthquake D.dream【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。句意:我正要帮她,听到闹铃响了。这仅仅是一场梦。story故事;fact事实;earthquake地震;dream梦。根据闹铃响了,可知作者刚做了个梦。Ⅲ.语法填空LastThursday,therewasabigfireinabigshopinourcity.At8:16thatmorning,whenthe1.(employ)wereworkingbusilyinthe4-storeyedbuilding,heavysmokewasseen2.(come)outofthewindowsonthesecondfloor.Thefirelastednearlyanhour,andthemajorityofthe345employeesmanaged3.________(escape)fromthefire.Unfortunately,7werekilled,and23injured,lightlyorseriously.

Someworkers4.________(complain)thataidscametoolate,5.________thefiremendidcomejust10minutesafterthefirewasreported.Torescueeveryonefromtheburningandsmokingbuildinginsuchashorttimewastoodifficult.Theonlytwoexitsofthebigbuildingwerenotenoughforsomanypeopletowithdrawin6.________hurry.

Thereasonofthefire,accordingtoaninvestigator,was7.someonebrokethenon-smokingruleinthefactory,becausesomecigaretteends8.________(find).Nexttwoweeks,15inspectionteamswillbeworkinginallthefactories9.turn,aimingtoclearawaythepossibilityofmorefires.10.________(hope),nodisasterslikethiswillhappenagain.

【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。上周四一家商店失火,造成了人员伤亡。火灾据说是由烟头引起的。接下来的两周内,会有15个检查组轮流巡查,以清除更多火灾发生的可能性。1.【解析】employees。考查名词。句意:那天早上8:16,当这栋四层楼里的员工正在忙碌工作时,有人看见浓烟从二层的窗口冒了出来。employ为动词,意为“雇用”,其名词形式employee表示“雇员,员工”,且为可数名词,故用其复数形式。2.【解析】coming。考查现在分词。smoke与come之间是主动关系。3.【解析】toescape。考查动词不定式。句意:火持续了将近一个小时,345名员工中大多数人从火里逃了出来。“managetodosth.”意为“成功做成某事”。4.【解析】complained。考查时态。句意:一些员工抱怨救援来得太晚,但是消防员的确在火势报道出来的十分钟内就赶到了。这篇文章使用的是一般过去时,且由后半句中的did可知,这句话应使用一般过去时。5.【解析】but。考查连词。根据句意,前后分句间是转折关系,故填but。6.【解析】a。考查冠词。句意:这栋大楼仅有的两个出口不足以让这么多人如此匆忙地撤出。“inahurry”意为“立即,匆忙”,为固定搭配。7.【解析】that。考查表语从句。句意:据一位调查者说,火灾发生的原因是某人违反了工厂的禁烟规则,因为一些烟头被找到了。空格位于was后,且空格后是一个完整的陈述句,不缺句子成分,所以这是一个表语从句。8.【解析】werefound。考查被动语态和时态。全文使用的是一般过去时,所以这句话也应使用一般过去时。“somecigaretteends”与find之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态。且somecigaretteends是名词的复数形式。9.【解析】in。考查介词短语。句意:接下来的两周内,会有15个检查组轮流巡查,以清除更多火灾发生的可能性。“inturn”翻译为“轮流,依次”,是固定搭配。10.【解析】Hopefully。考查副词。句意:希望这样的灾难不要再发生。空格位于句首,修饰整个句子,应用副词形式。【补偿训练】Ⅰ.完成句子1.Bytheendoflastyear,20,000carshadbeenproduced.

到去年年末,(该厂)已经生产了两万辆轿车。2.Iwastoldthatthebookhadbeen