2024中考英语二轮复习第二部分专题三第3讲介词(课件)

专

题

三不可忽视的小词第3讲

介词（10年14考；选择填空、完形填空、完成对话、短文填空）2第一节

介词的基本用法4第二节

介词短语及固定搭配5随堂检测1考情概览3考情概览

考情概览成都近10年中考在选择填空、完形填空、完成对话、短文填空中考查介词的基本用法。具体考查角度如下：1．表时间：选择填空(2016A．37)；第一节

介词的基本用法(10年9考；选择填空、完形填空、完成对话、短文填空)

考情概览2．表方位：选择填空(2017A.33)；完形填空(2018A.57，2016A.55)；短文填空(2021B.三1)；3．其他常见介词：选择填空(2023A.33，2022A.32)；完形填空(2016A.61)；完成对话(2014B．一8)。课标知识导图表时间(2016A.37)1.on,at与in

(2016A.37)介词的基本用法(10年9考)：①表时间(2016A.37)②表方位(10年4考)③其他常见介词(10年4考)(1)onMonday,onSaturdaymorning,onSeptember1st

(2016

A.37)→on用于具体某一天或某一天的早上、下午、晚上前，以及星期或节日前(2)athallpastten,atnoon→at用于具体的时间点前或黎明、正午、黄昏、午夜前表时间(2016A.37)1.on,at与in

(2016A.37)(3)intheafternoon,insummer,in2023→in强调时间段，即在较长的一段时间内，后多接表示世纪、年代、季节、月份等名词或泛指某一天的上午、下午、晚上2.after与before(1)after①Shewillgotothelibraryafterthreeo'clock.→+时间点，常与将来时连用②Wefinishedtheprojectafterfivemonths.→+时间段，常与过去时连用(2)beforeBeforeyougetoffthebus,youshouldwaituntilitstops.

→后接时间点表时间(2016A.37)3.for与during(1)Ihavewalkedforalongtime.→+for+一段时间，意为“(延续)……多久”，强调某动作或状态延续或持续了多长时间.(2)Studentscantakepartinmanysocialactivitiesduringthesummerholiday.→during意为“……期间”，强调“自始至终”4.since与from(1)We'velivedinChinasince2013.→表示从过去某时直到现在，后接时间点，since引导的时间状语从句中，主句用完成时(2)Marybeganpaintingfrom4yearsold.→说明开始的时间，谓语动词可用过去、现在、将来的某种时态5.by与until(1)IwillfinishtheworkbyFriday.→by+时间点，到……为止不迟于；在……前(2)Thesportsmeetingwon'tbehelduntilnext

week.→until意为“直到……”表方位(10年4考)1.in,at,on与to(1)in①Therearetearsinhereyes.→表示……里面，在(某范围)之内②IwasborninChina.→in+大地点(国家、城市等)(2)atTurnrightatthebuilding,andyou'llfindanew

bookstore.

→at+小地点(车站、电影院、家等)(3)on①Therearesomebooksonthedesk.→在……上面②GuangxiliesonthewestofGuangdong.→表示两地接壤JapanliestotheeastofChina.→表示在(某范围)之外，且两地不接壤(4)to表方位(10年4考)2.between与among

(2016A.55)(1)TheSilkRoadisabridgebetweenEastandWest.(2016A.

55)→between“在两者之间”(2)Kimpracticeshardestamonghisteammembers.→

among

“在三者或三者以上的人或物之间”3.above,over,below与under(2021B.三1)(1)Theplaneisflyingabovetheclouds.→above:在……上方，表示两者不接触，不一定垂直(2)Thebridgeovertheriverhasalonghistory.→over:在……正上方，表示两者不接触表方位(10年4考)3.above,over,below与under(2021B.三1)(3)The

coat

reaches

below

the

knees.→below:在……下方，表示两者不接触，不一定垂直(4)It

makes

me

really

proud

to

speak

under

the

national

flag.(2021B.三1)→under:在……正下方，表示两者不接触表方位(10年4考)4.behind,beside,inside与outside(2017A.33)(1)Theschoolisbehindthehospital.(2017A.33)→behind:在……后面(2)JennyissittingonthesofaandDannyissittingbesideher.

→beside:在……旁边(3)Thentheyheardanoldwoman'svoicefrominsidethehouse.→inside:在……里面(4)BencouldhearstrongwindsoutsidehishomeinAlabama.

→outside:在……外面5.up(2018A.57)Wewalkedslowlyupthehill.(2018A.57)→up:“往……上端，沿……往上”其他常见介词(10年4考)1.withoutIdon'tthinkweshouldspeakfreelywithoutknowingthefacts.→without“没有；缺乏”，表否定2.toward

Mckaywalkedslowlytowardthisgarden.→toward“向；朝着”(1)Lifeislikearace.Youeithertaketheleadorfallbehind.

→“像……一样”(2)Bettylikestotakepartinmanyactivitiesabouttraditionalculture,likewearinghanfu.→“例如，比如”，=suchas/forexample3.like(1)IstudyEnglishbylisteningtotapes.→by+动名词，意为“通过……方式；以……方式、方法或手段”(2)Itisimportanttoleaveearlierifyouaretravel(l)ingbycar.→by+交通工具，意为“乘；坐”4.by其他常见介词(10年4考)5.with

(2022A.32)(1)Ieatwithchopsticksinsteadofafork.→with表示“用；以；借助于”，后常接具体的工具(2)Manypeopleenjoystayingwithfamilyandfriends.→with表示“和……一起”，随着，由于”，表伴随(3)Thegirlwithyellowshirtismy

sister→表示“穿；戴”Afterdinner,weusuallywatchaspecialprogrammeonTV.→on表示“以……方式”，用于手段、通讯方式等，一般指用网络、电脑、电视、电话等通讯方式6.onWeteenagerscanlearnmoreabouttraditionalculture.→about

“关于，有关；大约，接近于”7.about其他常见介词(10年4考)8.for(1)Iwanttodosomethingforthepoor

kids.→表对象,“为；给”(2)Ididn'tgotoschoolformysickness.→表原因,“因为”(3)Wehaven'tseeneachotherforalongtime.→表一段时间或距离Nancyisstandingagainstthewallnow.→against表示“靠着，倚着；对抗，反对”9.againstHewalkedthroughtheforestalone.(2023A.33)→through表示“穿过……”11.through(2023A.33)Allthestudentsarehereexceptme.(2016A.61,2014B.一8)→

except

“除……外”10.except(2016A.61,2014B.一8)

考情概览成都近10年中考在选择填空、完形填空中考查介词短语及固定搭配，具体考查角度如下：1．介词与名词的搭配：选择填空(2014A.30)；完形填空(2020A.59，2014A.68)；2．介词与形容词的搭配：选择填空(2015A.36)；完形填空(2014A.54)。第二节

介词短语及固定搭配(10年5考；选择填空、完形填空)课标知识导图介词与名词的搭配(10年3考)1.in短语(2014A.30,2014A.68)介词短语及固定搭配(10年5考)：①介词与名词的搭配(10年3考)②介词与形容词的搭配(2015A.

36,2014A.54)③介词与动词的搭配

in

common共同的

in

danger处于危险中

indoubt怀疑地

infact事实上(2014A.68)

inperson亲自

inpublic公开地in

order整齐;井然有序

inEnglish用英语(2014A.30)介词与名词的搭配(10年3考)2.of短语aheadof在……前面

because

of因为;由于instead

of代替;而不是

infaceof面对(问题、困难等)accordingto根据;按照

closeto接近inorder

to为了

next

to紧靠……的旁边;紧邻thanks

to幸亏;由于

toone'ssurprise令某人惊喜/吃惊的是……

3.to短语4.at短语(2020A.59)atbirth出生时

atlast最后atleast至少

atonce立刻;马上:(2020A.59)5.on短语onbusiness出差

on

duty值日，值班onholiday度假

onpurpose故意on

sale出售;降价出售

ontime准时介词与形容词的搭配(2015A.

36,2014A.54)beabsentfrom缺席

bedifferentfrom与……不同beafraidof对……害怕

befull

of充满beproudof对……感到自豪

begood/badfor

对……有益/害(2014A.54)befamous/knownfor因……而著名

belatefor迟到(2015A.36)behungry/thirstyfor渴望;渴求

bereadyfor准备……bethankfulforsth.对(某事)心存感激

beresponsiblefor对……有责任beexcitedabout对……感到兴奋

besureabout对……把握beworriedabout对……担心

becrazyabout对……着迷begoodat在……方面擅长

besurprisedat对……感到惊奇介词与形容词的搭配(2015A.

36,2014A.54)beinterestedin对……感兴趣

berich

in富含……

beweakin不擅长……

behelpfulto对……有帮助befriendlyto对……友好

beharmfulto对……有危害besimilarto与……相似

bethankfultosb.感激(某人)beangrywith(sb.)对(某人)发怒

bebusywith忙于……bepatientwith对……有耐心

bepleasedwith对……感到满意bepopularwith受……的欢迎

besatisfiedwith对……感到满意bestrictwith对……严格要求介词与动词的搭配falloff跌落

fill...with...用……填满……happento偶然发生

lead

to导致prefer

to...更喜欢……

regard...as...把……当作……talkwith与……交谈

playarolein.在……中扮演角色/起作用随堂检测基础训练1.(2023成都A.33)DengQingming，anastronautofShenzhou15，achievedhisdream

manyyears'hardwork.A.without B.in C.through2.(2022成都A.32)Mymotheroftentellsmeit'simpolitetohitanemptybowl

chopsticks.A.in B.on C.withCC3.(2023武侯区二诊)TheUNChineseLanguageDayis

April20everyyear，thesamedayasGrainRain(Guyu)，torememberCangjie.A.around B.at C.in4.(2023金牛区二诊)Chinahasmadeacompletevictoryinitsfight______poverty(贫穷).Andmanypeopleinpoorareasarelivingabetterlifethanbefore.A.through B.against C.forAB5.WehaveaschooltriponThursdaymorningandwemustgettoschool______halfpastsix.A.in B.on C.at6.Theman

abigsmileisLuHong.Heisadisabledshopkeeperwhohelpsmanydisabledpeoplerealizetheirlifevalues.A.at B.on C.with7.—Excuseme，wherecanIgetamapofthecity？—Inthenearestbookshop.Youcangothere

bike.A.with B.by C.forCCB8.Makingsomehandworkbythemselvesisgettingmoreandmorepopular

students.A.between B.among C.for9.WhenIsawAlicewaitingformeatthegateofthezoo，Iwalked

herquickly.A.through B.across C.towardsBC10.—It'srainingheavilyoutside.MayIpushmybicycleintoyourhouse？—Sure.Butpleaseputit

thewallsothatitwon'ttakeuptoomuchspace.A.inside B.against C.around11.ManykindsofwaterbirdsalongtheYellowRiverare

.Ourgovernmentistakingactiontoprotectthem.A.indanger B.inperson C.inorderBA12.EveryonewenttoJimmy'sbirthdayparty

Tina，becauseshehadtopickheruncleupattheairportwithherparents.A.about B.with C.except13.Neversayit'simpossiblebeforeyoutrysomething.Yoursuccessdependsonpractice

words.A.inshort B.thanksto C.insteadof14.Mymothertellsmethataboutthreefourthsoftheearthiscovered

water，butwehaveasmallamountoffreshwater.A.to B.for C.withCCC15.—I'msosorryIspilled(洒)wateronyourshirt！—It'sOK.Afterall，youdidn'tdoit

.A.inpublic B.onpurpose C.atonceBPassage1CaiZongqiisateacherfromaforeignuniversity.HeisinterestedinChineseliterature(文学)verymuch.Andhehasspent

1

30yearsspreadingChineseliterature.()1.A.for B.about C.from微语篇提能BIn2008，hisbookHow

to

Read

Chinese

Poetrycameout.

2

thehelpofthebook，Americanstudentscanovercomelanguagebarriers(障碍)andfullyenjoyChinesepoetry.CaibelievesthatreadingChineseancientpoemsmayhelpreaders，bothChineseandAmerican，lookatpresentlife

3

anewside.()2.A.Accordingto B.Asfor C.Thanksto()3.A.around B.during C.fromCCThenCaimadeadecisiontodotheprogramHow

to

Read

Chinese

PoetryontheInternet

4

peopletoknowmoreaboutChinesepoetry.“Iwillalsomakethebestuseofmyknowledge

5

ChineseliteratureandpoetrytoshareChineseculturewiththeworld，”saidCai.“Atthesametime，IalsohopethatmoreChinesecanspreadourexcellentculturetotheworld.”()4.A.at B.ofC.for()5.A.in B.atC.upCAPassage2外文素材改编自THEWEEKJunior辩之有道Schoollifeismorethanlearning.Ifyouwanttoexerciseyourmindandhavefu