06必修三Unit2语法语法ing分词作宾语补足语和状语（原卷版）

06必修三Unit2语法：语法精讲精练动词ing形式作宾语补足语和状语一、动词v.­ing形式作宾语补足语v.­ing形式作宾语补足语时，宾语与宾语补足语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示一个正在发生的或与主语(几乎)同时发生的主动动作，动作的逻辑主语是句子的宾语。它主要用于以下两类动词后作宾语补足语。1.感官动词：watch,observe,notice,see,hear,listento,lookat,smell,feel,find等。Ihearsomeonetalkinginthenextroom.我听到有人在隔壁谈话。Wesawthesteamrisingfromthewetclothes.我们看到湿衣服上有水蒸气冒出来。2.使役动词：get,have,make,keep,leave等表示“使”“让”等动词后作宾语补足语。Wekeptthefireburningallnightlong.我们让火烧了整整一夜。Iwon’thaveyourunningaboutintheroom.我不会让你在房间里跑来跑去的。Thebosskepttheworkersworkingthewholenight.老板让工人们干了一整个晚上的活。【温馨提示】v.­ing(短语)与省略to的动词不定式(短语)作宾语补足语的区别：①v.­ing(短语)作宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行，属于现场即时描述；②省略to的动词不定式(短语)作宾语补足语，表示动作的全过程，属于一种回忆性描述。IsawLindawhisperingtoDanny.我看见琳达正在和丹尼交头接耳。(表示动作正在进行)IsawLindawhispertoDanny.我看见琳达和丹尼交头接耳。(表示动作的全过程)二、动词v.­ing形式作状语v.­ing作状语时，用来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，常表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、方式或表示伴随、让步等，并可以转换成相应的状语从句或并列句。动词ing作状语的形式主动形式被动形式时态意义语态意义一般式doingbeingdone与谓语动词动作(几乎)同时发生主动形式：与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系被动形式：与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系完成式havingdonehavingbeendone明确表示先于谓语动词动作发生e.g.Thefamilysatonthesofa,watchingaTVseries.这一家人坐在沙发上，看电视剧。Beingsurroundedbymanyfans,thefilmstarhastostopforsomeminutes.因为被一些影迷包围，那位影星不得不停几分钟。Havingbeentoldthathewouldbeinvitedtotheconcert,hefeelssoexcited.因为被告知他将会被邀请去参加音乐会，他感到很高兴。Havingfinishedallthehomework,theboyisplayinghappilyinthegarden.完成所有的家庭作业，那个孩子高兴地在院子里玩着。1.v.­ing形式作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时可由连词when,while等引出。Whilereading(＝Whilehewasreading)thebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.他一边看书，一边不时地点头。Whenwalkingdown(＝WhenIwaswalkingdown)thestreet,IcameacrossTom.沿街走路时，我偶然遇到了汤姆。2.v.­ing形式作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。Respectinghisfather(＝Becauseherespectedhisfather),hedidn’twanttoarguewithhim.因为尊重父亲，所以他不想和父亲争论。Notknowing(＝BecauseIdidn’tknow)hisaddress,Ican’tsendthisbooktohim.因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书寄给他。3.v.­ing形式作结果状语，表示意料中的结果。Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.他的父亲去世了，留给他许多钱。Motherdrewthecurtainforme,blockingoutthelight.妈妈为我拉上窗帘，把光线挡在外面。4.v.­ing形式作伴随状语，可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间，表示主语的另一个相对次要的动作。Theystoodthereforhalfanhourwatchingthestarsinthesky.他们在那儿站了半小时，观察着天上的星星。Thetrampstoodbythedoor,notdaringtosayaword.那个流浪汉站在门旁，不敢说一句话。5.动词ing形式作状语的注意事项①动词ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语要与句子主语保持一致。Beingtired,helayonthesofa.(√)Beingtired,Iaskedhimtolieonthesofa.(×)②为了明确状语的类型，可在其前加上相应的连词(如when,while,whenever,if,though,unless等)，强调前后动作的同时性，也可以视为是状语从句的省略。While(hewas)playingsoccer,hehurthisleftleg.Though(weare)livingfarawayfromschool,weareneverlate.③有些动词ing形式已经成了习惯用语，修饰整个句子作状语。常见的有：judgingfrom/by...从...判断；supposing...假设...；providingthat...假如...；assuming...假如...；franklyspeaking...坦率的说...；generallyspeaking...一般来说...；considering...考虑到...；seeingthat...鉴于...三、单句语法填空：1.Wewereinvitedtoattendprivateconcertunderthestars,_________(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.2.China’simageisimprovingsteadily,withmorecountries__________(recognize)itsroleininternationalaffairs.3.Chinaisstartingresearchinto5G,__________(make)itoneofthefirstcountriestodoso.4.Whenhavetomemorizethingsforschool,Iwalkupanddownintheroom,__________(read)thenotesaloud.5.Shewassittingatthetable__________(enjoy)themealtogetherwithherfamilies.6.Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtainednewmedicalequipment_________(allow)morepatientstobetreated.7.LionelMessi,_________(set)therecordforthemostgoalsinayear,isconsideredthemosttalentedfootballplayerinEurope.8.Hesuddenlywokeupatmidnightwhenheheardsomeone_________(knock)athisdoor.9.Whenhewas16,Molaibegantonoticesomethingdisturbing__________(happen)aroundhishome.10.Ialwaysread,_________(use)differentvoices,asthoughIwereactingoutthestorieswithmyvoiceandtheylovedit!11.Ourmathsteachergaveusafurtherexplanation,__________(make)iteasiertoworkout.12.Withtime_________(go)by,people’sawarenessofenvironmentalprotectionisraised.13.Frankly__________(speak),thefuelresourcesintheworldareverylimited.14.Not___________(be)therebefore,Isimplyhavenoideaaboutwheretheplaceis.15.__________(know)youareinterestedinChinesehistory,Ifeelproud.16.Hiscuriouswordsleftme___________(wonder)abouthisrealpurpose.Idon’tthinkIshouldtakethemliterally.17.Withthefamousartist___________(finish)saying“Thankyou”tothecrowd,heleftthehallquickly.18.Alicefoundhissonsleepingsoundlywiththelamp___________(burn)whenshecamehomelatefromwork.19.Somestudentswillhaveagrowingsenseoffearwiththeexamseason___________(approach)whileothersmaystayfairlycalm.20.Herheadandarmsaremissing,butyoucanimagineher___________(hold)herarmsuphigh,celebratingtheresultofanancientbattle.21.NowIspendthreeweeksoutofeverymonthtravellingandhaveover464,000fans___________(follow)meonline.22.Seenfromspace,theearth,withwater___________(cover)seventypercentofitssurface,lookslikeablueball.23.Somepsychologistssuggestthatonecouldimprovehisperformancewhenmentallyimagininghimself___________(perform)wellatsomeback.24.Sofar,thedeathtollhasclimbedtoover2,000fromadestructiveearthquakeinChina’sQinghaiProvince,withnearly200peoplestill__________(miss).25.Thissmallseasidevillageissuchaperfectplaceforholidaysthatvisitorsneverleaveit__________(feel)disappointed.26.Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtainednewmedicalequipment,___________(allow)morepatientstobetreated.27.Lindalistenedintentlytothepianomusic,___________(lose)herselfinitsbeauty.28.__________(occupy)himselfwithroutinetasks,hehadnotimetoacpanyhischildren.29.Enoughexerciseandabalanceddietcanhelpyoudevelopahealthylifestyle,thus__________(enable)youtohavemoreenergy.30.__________(measure)aboutthreemetersinheight,Bigfoot,thegiganticapelikecreature,startedtocausepublicpanicafterbeingcapturedbycamera.31.Memoriesoftearsandlaughterscame__________(flood)backashevisitedhissecondaryschool.32.Covid19lastednearlyhalfayeararoundtheworld,__________(affect)everybodyinmanyways.33.Peoplesitunfortablyonplasticchairs,__________(look)througholdmagazines,allofwhichhavebeenreadhundredsoftimespreviously.34.Chinahasalotofbeautifulsceneryandhistoricsites,__________(attract)anumberoftouristseveryyear.35.Yesterday,PresidentXideliveredhisNewYearmessagetothewholecountry,__________(hope)thatChinawillachieveitsbeautifuldreaminthenewyear.36.___________(follow)theteacher’ssuggestion,Tomfinallyfoundawaytosettletheproblem.37.What’smore,when___________(enjoy)themeal,youneedtoavoidmakinganoise.38.Hehadawonderfulchildhood,___________(travel)withhismothertoallcornersoftheworld.39.China’s“fourverticalandfourhorizontalhighspeedrailwaynetwork”hasalmostbeenpleted,_________(make)Chinatheworld’sfirstcountrywithapletehighspeedrailnetworkinoperation.40.__________(teach)manytimes,theboystilldidn’tknowhowtodotheexercises.41.Theythoughtitimportanttolookrightandleftwhen___________(cross)theroad.42.___________(make)severalimportantdecisionsbasedonemotioninsteadofreason,hefeltbitterlyregretted.43.___________(focus)ontheroleofoldersisters,thewellreceivedmovieSisterhassparkeddiscussionsonwhetherpersonalvaluesshouldbeputabovefamilyvalues.44.___________(start)intheYuanDynasty,workontheterracestookhundredsofyears,untilitspletionintheearlyQingDynasty.45.FamilieswillenjoyabigdinnerwithmooncakesonMidautumnDay,__________(admire)themoontogether.46.Inmostcases,theytendtomeetafewhourseveryweek__________(depend)ontheirschedules.47.Atthatmoment,theysawapennilessyoungman__________(wander)onthepavementoutsidetheirhouse.48.Onthebankoftheriver,wefoundhim__________(lie)onabench,withhiseyesfixedonakiteinthesky.49.Atonepointweweresohighthatwefoundourselves__________(cycle)throughclouds.50.Withthemidtermexamination__________(approach),shehadbutterfliesinherstomachandcouldn’tsleepwell.高考真题回顾：1.(2023·全国I卷)NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteamerisrarelyenough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft_________(want)morenexttime.2.(2023·全国甲卷)“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica,wherealllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulexistencewithissurroundings,”herfablebegins,___________(borrow)somefamiliarwordsfrommanyageoldfables.3.(2023·全国乙卷)___________(visit)severaltimesoverthelast10years,Iwasamazedbythecoexistenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遗产)whileconstantlygrowing.4.(2022·全国I卷)___________(cover)anareaaboutthreetimesthesizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.5.(2021·全国II卷)Iwasupsettolearnthatmanyseaanimalseatplasticgarbage,_________(think)itisfood.

6.(2019·全国III卷)Onthelastdayofourweeklongstay,wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,___________(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.7.(2019·北京卷)Nervously___________(face)challenges,IknowIwillwhispertomyselfthetwosimplewords“Beyourself”.8.(全国Ⅲ)TheChinesehaveusedchopsticksforfivethousandyears.Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots,___________(use)twigs(树枝)toremoveit.五、语篇语法填空：(1)DonRitchiewasafamousAustralianman.Fornearly50years,hesuccessfullystopped160peoplefromkilling1(they)atacliff(悬崖),withjustakindwordandasmile.Donwasarealgentleman.Hepurposelychosetoliverightacrossthestreetfromthecliff,justbecausehewantedtosavelivesof2(stranger).Hewouldwakeupeverymorningandlookoutofthewindowforanyone3(stand)tooclosetotheedgeofthecliff.Ifhesawsomeoneandthoughttheymightjump,hewould4(simple)walkoverwithasmileandsay,“IstheresomethingIcoulddotohelpyou?”Thatsoundsverysimple,5itworked.Ritchietriedtohaveatalkwiththesepeopleandendedupinvitingthembacktohishouse6teaorbreakfast.Inasituation7mostpeoplewouldturnablindeye,withsuchsimpleactionstakenbyDon,hesaved160lives.He8(give)theLocalHeroAwardinAustraliain2011.Donpassedawayattheageof85in2012.Hisstory9(touch)theheartsofallAustraliansandchallengedustorethink10itmeanstobeagoodneighbor.(2)A90yearoldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for1(be)Britain’soldestfulltimeemployeestillworking40hoursweek.NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,2sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.Heryearsofhardworkhave3(final)beenacknowledgedaftercustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire’sWomanOfTheYear.4(pick)upher“LifetimeAchievementaward,proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans5(retire)fromher36yearoldbusiness.Irenesaid,“Idon’tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IloveinghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI6(make)overtheyears.IworknotbecauseIhaveto,7becauseIwanttoGranddaughterGayleParks,31,whoworksalongsideherinthefamilybusiness,saiditremainedunknownastowhonominatedIrenefortheaward.Shesaid,“Wedon’thaveanyideawhoputGrandmaforward.Whenwegotacall8(say)shewasshortlisted,wethoughtitwas9joke.Butthenwegotanofficialletterandwewereblownaway.Wearesoproudofher.It’s10(wonder).”(3)InthesouthernTurkishcityofAntakya,apregnantwomanundertherubble(碎石)ofacollapsedbuilding1(pull)outtosafetybyChineseandlocalrescueteamsonThursday,threedaysafterthecatastrophicmagnitude7.7earthquakeanditsaftershocks2(strike)thecountryandnorthernSyria.Peoplewholosttheirhomeslookedfortemporaryshelterandfoodinfreezingwinterweatherandwaitedbypilesofrubble3familyandfriendsmightstilllie4(bury).ThedeathtollinTürkiye5(rise)to14,351sofar.TheChineserescueteam,consistingof82membersrushedtooneoftheworsthit6(area)inTürkiyeassoonastheylandedattheAdanainternationalairportonWednesday.7(arrive)atthescene,theChineserescuersimmediatelyjoinedtheirTurkishpartnerstocarryout8rescueplanandsavedthewoman,accordingtoZhaoYang,deputyleaderoftheChineserescueteam.TheteamsentbytheChinesegovernmentsettojointheinternationalrescueeffort.AsofmiddayThursday,10Chinesecivilianteams9placesincludingsouthChina’sShenzhenandWenzhouhavealreadydepartedfororarrivedinTürkiye10(help)withtherescuework.(4)ThecelebrationsofChineseNewYear,also1(call)ChineseSpringFestival,werebornoutoffearandmyth(神话).Legend(传说)spokeofthewildbeastNian(whichalsoisthewordfor“year”)2appearedattheendofeachyear,3(attack)villagers.Loudnoisesandbrightlightswereused4(scare)thebeastaway,andtheChineseNewYearcelebrationswereborn.Today,theSpringFestival5(observe)withaweekofvacationinChina.MuchliketheWesternNewYear(January1st),thebiggestcelebrationisontheeveoftheholiday.TheChineseNewYear’sEvemealisthemostimportantdinneroftheyear.6(typical),familiesgatheratadesignated(指定的)relative’shousefordinner,butthesedays,moreandmorefamilieschoosetoholdNewYear’sEvedinneratarestaurant.Manyrestaurantsrequire7(reserve)monthsahead.There