湖南省岳阳市湘阴县2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题

湘阴县2024年上期普通高中教学质量监测高一英语满分：150分时量：120分钟考生注意：1.答题前务必将自己的姓名、准考证号与校名填写在答题卷的相应位置。2.所有答案都必须转填在答题卷上，考试结束后只交答题卷。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whendoesthemansuggestgoingtothezoo?A.At7:00a.m. B.At10:00a.m. C.At11:00a.m.2.Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?A.Dialanumber. B.HangoutwithJohn. C.Writehertermpaper.3.WhoisRachael?A.Theman'sboss. B.Theman'swife. C.Asalesperson.4.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Whentogotothepark.B.Whoshouldplayontheswingfirst.C.Wherethewoman'skeymightbe.5.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofTom'swords?A.Inspiring. B.Boring. C.Untrue.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatkindoficecreamappealstothewoman?A.Theonewithgarlicinit.B.Theonewithchocolateinit.C.Theonewithnutsinit.7.Whatarethespeakerslikelytodo?A.Pickoutsomedesserts. B.Goonabusinesstrip. C.Choosesomeingredients.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdidtheboydobeforetheconversation?A.HewatchedTV. B.Hewentforawalk. C.Hedidhishomework.9.Whatdoesthewomanwanttheboytodo?A.Getchanged. B.Carryanumbrella. C.Eatmorevegetables.10.Howdoesthewomansoundintheend?A.Understanding. B.Angry. C.Tired.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhatwasJamesdoingwhilewaitingforCindy?A.Exploringthefishingspot.B.Lookingforsomeequipment.C.Singingasong.12.WheredoesJamesusuallygofishing?A.Bythelake. B.Bytheriver. C.Onthesea.13.WhatdoesJamesaskCindytodo?A.Getalicense. B.Stoptalking. C.Rentaboat.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Wheredidthemanfirstwork?A.InAustralia. B.IntheUK. C.IntheUSA.15.WhydidthemancomebacktoChina?A.Hewantedtokeephisfamilycompany.B.Hegotapositionatafamousuniversity.C.Heintendedtopursuehighereducation.16.Whichofthefollowinglanguagesisthemanfluentin?A.Arabic. B.Spanish. C.Portuguese.17.Whatistheman'sthirdstrength?A.Heisgoodatteamwork.B.Hecanspeaksixforeignlanguages.C.Heisflexibleinhisteachingmethods.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Howmanytypesofpillowmaterialsarementionedatfirst?A.Five. B.Six. C.Seven.19.WhydidSimaGuangusethepillowbasedonhistoricalrecords?A.Tomakehimselffallasleepquickly.B.Toremindhimtostudy.C.Toplacehisbooks.20.WhomadetheheadrestforCaoCao?A.CaoCaohimself. B.CaoCao'smother. C.CaoCao'sservant.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(A)Sharon,Aged22Themostimportantthingtokeepinmindwhenyou'regoingintohighschoolistobeyourself.Besides,Idon'tknowwhatyourmiddleschoolwaslike,buthighschoolteacherswillnotcareaboutthingsuchashowmuchhomeworkyouhavealreadyhadinonenight.It'sbesttojustlearntodealwiththingsandmanageyourtimewiselysoyoucanachieveeverythingyouneedto.Frank,Aged21Ithinkalmosteverykidfeelsbothnervousandexcitedbeforetheirfirstday.Youwillprobablyloveit.IknowIdid.Youshouldjoininsomesportsoractivitiesthatwillmakeyourhighschoolexperiencemoreenjoyable.Goodluck!Eddie,Aged20WhenIstartedhighschool,Iwasreallynervoustoo,especiallysinceIhadbeenhomeschooledallthroughmiddleschoolanddidn'treallyknowanyone.Isupposethebestadvicewouldbetojustrelax.Thefirstcoupleofdayscanbealittlebithard,butthingswillbecomeeasierbeforeyouknowit.David,Aged19I'mnotgoingtolie.Thefirstdayiskindoffrightening.Butyou'llgetusedtoit.Don'tbeafraidofanyone;somestudentsmaypickon(故意刁难)youmoreifyouletthemknowyou'reafraid.Justtakeiteasy.Makingsomefriendsandstayingwiththemwillgreatlyhelpyougetusedtohighschoolquickly.Afterthefirstweek,it'sreallynotbadatall.Don'tworry.21.WhatcanwelearnfromSharon'swordsabouthighschool?A.Teachersarequitestrict. B.Studentsoftenstayuplate.C.Teachersprovidelittlecareforstudents. D.Studentsshouldmakegooduseoftheirtime.22.HowdidEddiefeelonhisfirstdayofhighschool?A.Excited. B.Bored. C.Worried. D.Relaxed.23.Whomentionstheimportanceoffriends?A.Frank. B.David. C.Sharon. D.Eddie.(B)“Creativityisthekeytoabrighterfuture,”sayeducationandbusinessexperts.Hereishowschoolsandparentscanencouragethisimportantskillinchildren.IfDickDrewhadlistenedtohisbossin1925,wemightnothavetheproductthatwenowthinkgreatlyimportant:anewtypeoftape.DrewworkedfortheMinnesotaMiningandManufacturingCompany.Atworkhedevelopedakindofmaterialstrongenoughtoholdthingstogether.Buthisbosstoldhimnottothinkmoreabouttheidea.Finally,usinghisowntime,Drewimprovedthetape,whichnowisusedeverywherebymanypeople.Andhisformercompanylearnedfromitsmistake.Nowitencouragespeopletospend15percentoftheirworkingtimejustthinkingaboutanddevelopingnewideas.Creativityisnotsomethingoneisjustbornwith,norisitnecessarilyacharacterofhighintelligence.Thefactthatapersonishighlyintelligentdoesnotmeanthatheusesitcreatively.Creativityisthematterofusingtheresourcesonehastoproducenewideasthataregoodforsomething.Unfortunately,schoolshavenottriedtoencouragecreativity.Withstrongattentiontotestresultsandthedevelopmentofreading,writingandmathematicalskills,manyeducatorsgiveupcreativityforcorrectanswers.Theresultisthatchildrencangaininformationbutcan'trecognizewaystouseitinnewsituations.Theymayknowtherulescorrectlybuttheyareunabletousethemtoworkoutpracticalproblems.Itisimportanttogivechildrenchoices.Fromtheearliestage,childrenshouldbeallowedtomakedecisionsandunderstandtheirresults.Evenifit'schoosingbetweentwofooditemsforlunch,decision-makinghelpsthinkingskills.Aschildrengrowolder,parentsshouldtrytoletthemdecidehowtousetheirtimeorspendtheirmoney.Thisisbecausethemostimportantcharacterofcreativepeopleisaverystrongdesiretofindawayoutoftrouble.24.WhatdidthecompanywhereDrewonceworkedlearnfromitsmistake?A.Itshouldencouragepeopletoworkalongertime.B.Peopleshouldbediscouragedtothinkfreely.C.Peoplewilldobetteriftheypayallattentiontotheirwork.D.Itisnecessaryforpeopletospendsomeoftheirworkingtimedevelopingnewideas.25.Whatcanweknowfromthepassageaboutcreativity?A.Itissomethingthatmostpeoplearebornwith.B.Itissomethingthathasnothingtodowithintelligenceatall.C.Itisawayofusingwhatonehaslearnedtoworkoutnewproblems.D.Itissomethingthatisnotimportanttothelifeinthefutureatall.26.Whydon'tschoolstrytoencouragecreativity?A.Theydon'tattachimportancetocreativityeducation.B.Theydon'twanttheirstudentstomakemistakes.C.Theypaynoattentiontoexaminationmarks.D.Theythinkitimpossibletodevelopcreativityinclass.27.Whatshouldtheparentsdowhentheirchildrendecidehowtospendtheirmoney?A.Allowthemtohaveatry. B.Trytohelpthemasmuchaspossible.C.Takenonoticeofwhatevertheydo. D.Orderthemtospendtheleastmoney.(C)Newresearchsuggeststhatevenasimpleexerciseprogrammighthelpolderpeoplewithlightmemoryproblems.Doctorshavelongadvisedpatientstodophysicalactivitytohelpkeeptheirbrainshealthy.ButtheU.S.government-supportedresearchmarksthelongeststudyofwhetherexercisemakesanydifferenceoncememorystartstodecline(衰退).Researchersfoundaround300inactiveolderadultswithmemorychangescalledmildcognitiveimpairment(MCI)(轻度认知障碍).Intheresearch,theparticipantsweredividedintotwogroupsandhalfofthemdidaerobic(有养的)exercise,whiletherestdidstretchingandbalancemovementsthatraisedtheirheartratesalittle.Afterayear,testingofmentalactivityshowedneithergrouphadworsened,accordingtoleadresearcherLauraBakerofWakeForestUniversitySchoolofMedicine.Bycomparison,similarMCIpatientsinanotherlong-termstudyofbrainhealth-butwithoutexercise-experiencedcognitivedeclineoverayear.MariaCarrilloisthechiefscientificofficeroftheAlzheimer'sAssociation.Shesaidearlierresearchfoundregularphysicalactivityofanykindmayreducedamaginginflammation(炎症)andincreasebloodflowtothebrain.Sheaddedthatthenewstudyisespeciallyinterestingbecausethepandemic(流行的)beganhalfwaythroughthestudy.Thatmeantthestudyparticipantsbecamesociallyisolated.Socialisolationhaslongbeenknowntoincreasepeople'sriskofmemoryproblems.Itisadifficulttimefordementia(痴呆)research.Doctorsarenotsureaboutprescribing(开处方)ahigh-pricednewdrugcalledAduhelm.Thedrugissupposedtobethefirsttoslowtheprogressionofdementiabutitisnotyetclearifitreallyhelpspatients.Researchersreportedanotherdrugthatworkssimilarlyfailedinanimportantstudy.Thereisgrowingurgency(紧急)tofindwhetherexercisecanofferatleastsomeprotection.Bakerwillleadanevenlargerstudyofolderadultstoseeifaddingexercisetootherstepssuchasahealthydiet,braingamesandsocialactivitiescanreducetheriskofdementia.28.Whatdoesthenewstudyfocuson?A.Waystoslowtheagingprocess. B.EffectivemedicinesforelderswithMCI.C.Theinfluenceofexerciseonelders'memory. D.Thecausesofdecliningmemoryinolderadults.29.Inwhichaspectwerethetwogroupsdifferentintermsofresearchdesign?A.Thedietplan. B.Theexercisetype.C.Theprofessionalbackground D.Previousphysicalcondition.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“That”inParagraph3referto?A.Theoutbreakofthepandemic. B.Thereductionofdamaginginflammation.C.Theincreaseinmemoryproblems. D.Socialisolation.31.WhatwillBakerdonextaccordingtothetext?A.FindouthowtolowerthepriceofAduhelm.B.Developanewdrugtohelppatientswithbraindiseases.C.Organizeawidevarietyofsocialactivitiesforolderpeople.D.Conductfurtherresearchonhowtoreducetheriskofdementia.(D)SurfingtheInternetforfunwillmakeyouabetteremployee,accordingtoanAustralianstudy.ThestudyshowsthatpeoplewhousetheInternetfortheirownreasonsatworkareabout9percentmoreproductivethanthosewhodonot,Theauthorofthestudy,BrentCoker,said,“SurfingtheInternetattimeshelpsincreaseanemployee'sattention.”“Peopleneedtorelaxforabittogetbacktheirattention,”Cokersaid.“Havingashortbreak,suchasquicksurfingontheInternet,helpsthemindtorestitself,leadingtohighertotalattentionforaday'swork,andasaresult,increasesproductivity(生产效率).”Accordingtothestudy,70percentof300workerswhousetheInternetatworksurftheInternetfortheirownreasonsduringofficehours.Amongthemostpopularsurfingactivitiesaresearchingforinformationaboutproducts,readingonlinenews,playingonlinegamesandwatchingvideos.“Firmsspendalotofmoneyonsoftwaretopreventtheiremployeesfromwatchingvideos,usingsocialnetworkingsitesorshoppingonline,”saidCoker,“That'snotalwaysagoodidea.”However,CokersaidthestudylookedatpeoplewhosurfedtheInternetinmoderation(适度),orwereontheInternetforlessthan20percentoftheirtotaltimeintheoffice.“ThosewhospendtoomuchtimesurfingtheInternetwillhavelowerproductivitythanthosewhodonot,”hesaid.32.Whatdoesthestudymainlyshow?A.PeoplewhosurftheInternetaregoodemployees.B.NoteveryonesurfstheInternetforfunduringofficehours.C.SurfingtheInternetforfunduringofficehoursincreasesproductivity.D.TheInternetisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantinpeople'slife.33.AccordingtoParagraph3,BrentCokerwouldmostprobablyagreethat__________.A.thelongeraperson'smindrests,thebetterattentionhewillhave.B.surfingtheInternetisthebestwaytoincreaseproductivity.C.workersshouldhavealongbreakduringofficehours.D.workersshouldlettheirmindsrestnowandthen.34.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageasoneofthemostpopularsurfingactivities?A.Watchingvideos. B.Readingonlinenews. C.Readingonlinenovels. D.Playonlinegames.35.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.SpendingtoomuchtimesurfingtheInternetreducesproductivity.B.ThosewhoneversurftheInternethavethelowestproductivity.C.Mostpeopledon'tsurftheInternetinmoderationduringofficehours.D.PeopleshouldspendaslittletimeaspossiblesurfingtheInternet.第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inthespringandsummermonths,thunderstorms(雷暴)arecommon.36However,inthunderstorms,lightningcanstrikepeopleandbuildingsanditisverydangerous.Itwasreportedthatamanwasstruckbylightningwhenhewasmakingaphonecallunderatree.Hediedatonce.Youmaynotknowit,butnearly1,800thunderstormsarehappeningatanymomentaroundtheworld.37Scientistssaythataperson'schancesofbeingstruckbylightningare1in600,000.38Ifyouareindoorsduringathunderstorm:·Stayawayfromanythingthatismadeofmetalbecauselightningcancomeintothehousethroughit.·Don'tstandnearthewindows.·Don'ttakeashowerorbath.Lightningcantravelthroughwater.·Neveruseaphone.39Ifyouaretrappedinathunderstormoutdoors:·40Ifthere'snobuildingaround,trytofindalowplacetostayin.·Donotgounderatreebecauselightningcouldhitthetreeandtravelthroughthetreetohityou.·Neveruseacellphone.A.Actually,manypeoplearekilledbylightningeveryyear.B.Trytogethomeassoonaspossible.C.Sincetheyoftenhappen,somepeopledon'ttakethemseriously.D.Gointoanearbybuildingorcarrightaway.E.Lightningcouldtravelthroughthephonelineandhityou.F.Butitisveryimportantforustolearnaboutlightning.G.Fortunately,youcanreducethosechancesbyfollowingthesesafetyrules.36.__________37.__________38.__________39.__________40.__________第三部分语言知识运动(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Einsteinwasnotonlythestandoutscientistofthe20thcentury,butalsoagiftedandenthusiasticmusician.Heoncesaidthatifhehadn'tbeenascientist,hewouldhavebeena41.“Lifewithoutplayingmusicisunthinkableforme,”hesaid.“Igetmost42inlifeoutofmusic.”Einstein'smotherwasatalentedpianistwho43musictothefamilylife.Einsteinbegantolearntoplaythe44attheageofsix.Heworkedharduntilhe45thejoyofMozart'ssonatas(奏鸣曲)attheageof13.Fromthat46on,althoughhehadnofurtherlessons,hisviolin47hiscompanion.WhenEinsteinmovedtoAarauinSwitzerlandin1895tocompletehisschooling,heseemedtohave48muchofhistimetomusic.Justbeforehis17thbirthday,Einsteinplayedatthemusic49intheschool,andtheexaminerreportedthat“astudentcalledEinsteinshoneinthe50feltperformanceofoneoftheBeethoven'ssonatas”.Inadditiontohisgreat51inplayingtheviolin,healsoplayedthepianoand,52,lovedtoimprovise(即兴创作).Lateinlife,Einstein'sreputationasaphysicistoftenledto53toperformatbenefitconcerts,whichhegenerallyacceptedhappily.Probablythe54thatcomesnearesttoEinsteincomesfromhisfriendJanosPlesch,whowrote,“Therearemanymusicianswithmuch55techniques,butnone,Ibelieve,whoeverplayedwithmoresincerityordeeperfeelings.”41.A.physician B.musician C.politician D.reporter42.A.joy B.money C.idea D.energy43.A.played B.sent C.created D.brought44.A.violin B.piano C.knowledge D.game45.A.loved B.tracked C.discovered D.confirmed46.A.location B.space C.access D.point47.A.turned B.remained C.appeared D.seemed48.A.devoted B.spent C.lost D.wasted49.A.performance B.presentation C.exhibition D.examination50.A.hardly B.deeply C.carelessly D.honestly51.A.skill B.patience C.care D.courage52.A.afterall B.inparticular C.atlarge D.byaccident53.A.contributions B.applications C.invitations D.prizes54.A.reaction B.destination C.summary D.instruction55.A.broader B.funnier C.wilder D.better第二节语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheAmazonrainforest,thelargestrainforestintheworld,playsa56(significance)roleinmaintainingthebalanceoftheEarth'secosystem.Itcrossesintoeightcountries,57(include)BrazilandPeru.Withanareaofabout6millionsquarekilometres,58rainforestismorethanhalfthesizeofChina.Morethan40,000speciesofplantscan59(find)intheAmazon.Theforest'sdifferentlevelsprovidefoodandshelterforanunbelievable60(vary)ofwildlife.Morethan1,300speciesofbirdsandover400speciesof61(mammal)hideinthejungle.TheAmazonrainforestbreatheslifeintotheplanetby62(fix)carbonandproducingover20percentofalltheEarth'soxygen.Thisis63itisknownasthe“lungsoftheplanet”.Moreover,therainforestisatreasurehouseofspeciesthatcanbeusedforfoodormedicine.64,overthepast50years,about17percentoftherainforest65(disappear)duetohumanactivitiessuchasagricultureandcattlefarming.56.__________57.__________58.__________59.__________60.__________61.__________62.__________63.__________64.__________65.__________第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)假设你是李华，上周六你校学生会举办了“走进社区，服务大家”的公益活动，请你为校英文报写一篇报道。内容包括：1.活动过程。2.你的收获与感悟。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答；3.题文为:Students’VoluntaryworkinaCommunity;4.公益活动Sociallyusefulactivity.Publicbenefitactivities.社区Community.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节读后续写(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Ayoungandsuccessfulmanagerwastravelingdownaneighborhoodstreet,goingabittoofastinhisnewJaguar(捷豹).Hewaswatchingforkidsdartingout(出)from'betweenparkedcarsandsloweddownwhenhethoughthesawsomething.Ashiscarpassed,nochildrenappeared,Instead,abrickhitviolentlythecar'ssidedoor!Hesteppedonthebrakesandbackedhiscartothespotwherethebrickhadbeenthrown.Theangrydriverthenjumpedoutofthecar,grabbedthenearestkidandpushedhimupagainstaparkedcar,shouting,“Whatisthatallaboutandwhoareyou?Justwhattheheckareyoudoing?That'sanewcarandthatbrickyouthrewisgoingtocostalotofmoney.Whydidyoudoit?”Theyoungboywasapologetic.“Pleasemister...please,I'msorrybutIdidn'tknowwhatelsetodo,”heexplained.“Ithrewthebrickbecausenooneelsewouldstop...”Withtearsrollingdownhisfaceandoffhischin,theyouthpointedtoaspotjustaroundaparkedcar.“It'smybrother,”hesaid.“Hefelloutofhiswheelchairandcan'tlifthimup.”Nowsobbing,theboyaskedtheastonishedmanager,“Wouldyoupleasehelpmegethimbackintohiswheelchair?He'shurtandhe'stooheavyforme.”注意：续写词数应为150左右。Paragraph1:Movedbeyondwords,thedrivercooledhisanger._______________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Thedriverwatchedtheboypushhiswheelchair-boundbrotherdownthesidewalktowardtheirhome.______

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________湘阴县2024年上期普通高中教学质量监测高一英语参考答案第一部分：听力(共两节，每小题1.5分，满分30