任务精读：全断面法（双语）课件讲解

隧道施工技术TunnelConstructionTechnologyFullFaceExcavationMethod全断面开挖法全断面开挖法目录TableofContentsFullFaceExcavationMethod全断面开挖法基本概念1BasicConceptofFullFaceExcavationMethod开挖三条作业线2ExcavationofThreeOperationLines施工注意事项3ConstructionPrecautions课程小结4Summary全断面开挖法FullFaceExcavationMethod全断面法又称全断面一次开挖法，按隧道设计断面轮廓一次开挖成型的方法。Thefullfacemethod,alsoknownasthefullfaceone-timeexcavationmethod,isamethodofone-timeexcavationandformingaccordingtothedesignsectioncontourofthetunnel.全断面开挖法基本概念BasicConceptofFullFaceExcavationMethod01全断面开挖法的优点：AdvantagesofFullFaceExcavationMethod:工序少，相互干扰少,便于组织施工和管理。工作空间大，便于组织大型机械化施工。全断面开挖法的缺点：DisadvantagesofFullFaceExcavationMethod:施工速度快。开挖面较大，围岩相对稳定性低。循环工作量较大，要求施工单位有较强的开挖、出渣、运输和支护能力。采用深孔爆破时产生的爆破震动较大，对钻爆设计和控制爆破作业要求较高。全断面开挖法FullFaceExcavationMethodLessworkingproceduresandmutualinterferenceisconvenientfororganizingconstructionandmanagement.Largeworkingspaceisconvenientforlarge-scalemechanizedconstruction.Theconstructionspeedisfast.Largeexcavationfaceandlowstabilityofsurroundingrocks.LargecirculationworkloadrequirestheConstructionContractortohavestrongexcavation,mucking,transportationandsupportcapabilities.Largeblastingvibrationgeneratedbydeep-holeblastinghashighrequirementsfordrillingandblastingdesignandcontrolledblasting.全断面开挖法基本概念BasicConceptofFullFaceExcavationMethod全断面开挖法的适用条件：ApplicableConditionsofFullFaceExcavationMethod:岩层覆盖条件简单、岩质较均匀的硬岩；hardrockwithsimpleoverburdenconditionsandrelativelyuniformrocktexture;必须具备大型施工机械；largeconstructionmachinerymustbeprovided;隧道长度或施工区段长度不宜太短，否则采用大型机械化施工的经济性差，根据经验，这个长度不应小于1

km。thetunnellengthorconstructionsectionlengthshouldnotbetooshort,otherwise,theeconomicalefficiencyoflarge-scalemechanizedconstructionispoor,andsuchlengthshallnotbelessthan1kmaccordingtoexperience.全断面开挖法FullFaceExcavationMethod全断面开挖法基本概念BasicConceptofFullFaceExcavationMethod全断面开挖法的适用条件：ApplicableConditionsofFullFaceExcavationMethod:岩层覆盖条件简单、岩质较均匀的硬岩；hardrockwithsimpleoverburdenconditionsandrelativelyuniformrocktexture;必须具备大型施工机械；largeconstructionmachinerymustbeprovided;隧道长度或施工区段长度不宜太短，否则采用大型机械化施工的经济性差，根据经验，这个长度不应小于1

km。thetunnellengthorconstructionsectionlengthshouldnotbetooshort,otherwise,theeconomicalefficiencyoflarge-scalemechanizedconstructionispoor,andsuchlengthshallnotbelessthan1kmaccordingtoexperience.根据围岩的稳定程度可以不设锚杆或设短锚杆，也可先出渣，再施作初期支护，但一般仍先施作拱部初期支护，以防止因应力集中造成围岩松动剥落。Accordingtothestabilityofsurroundingrock,anchorrodorshortanchorrodisunnecessary;orcarryoutmuckingfirst,andthenconstructtheprimarysupport,butingeneral,primarysupportofarchshallstillbeconstructedfirsttopreventthesurroundingrockfromlooseningorspallingduetostressconcentration.全断面开挖法FullFaceExcavationMethod全断面开挖法基本概念BasicConceptofFullFaceExcavationMethod开挖三条作业线ExcavationofThreeOperationLines02全断面开挖法FullFaceExcavationMethod开挖三条作业线ExcavationofThreeOperationLines作业线Operationline开挖作业线Excavationoperationline喷锚作业线Shotcrete-boltoperationline模筑衬砌作业线Moldedliningoperationline采用的大型机械设备Largemechanicalequipmentadopted钻孔台车、装药台车、装载机配合自卸汽车（无轨）、装渣机配合矿车及电瓶车或内燃机车（有轨）Drillingjumbo,chargingjumbo,loaderincooperationwithdumptruck(trackless),muckloaderincooperationwithminecar,batterycarordiesellocomotive(track)混凝土喷射机、混凝土喷射机械手、喷锚作业平台、进料运输设备及锚杆灌浆设备Concretesprayer,concretespraymanipulator,shotcrete-boltoperationplatform,feedtransportequipmentandanchorrodgroutingequipment混凝土拌合作业厂、混凝土输送车及输送泵、施作防水层作业平台、衬砌钢模台车Concretemixingplant,concretedeliverycaranddeliverypump,constructionofwaterprooflayeroperationplatform,liningsteelformworkjumbo全断面开挖法机械化施工的三条主要作业线Threemainoperationlinesformechanizedconstructionwithfullfaceexcavationmethod全断面开挖法FullFaceExcavationMethod开挖三条作业线ExcavationofThreeOperationLines钻孔台车Drillingjumbo装渣机Muckloader通风管Ventpipe电瓶车Batterycar模板台车FormworkJumbo混凝土泵ConcretepumpEquipmentlayoutofworkingfacewithfullfaceexcavationmethod装碴机Muckloader装碴机Muckloader千斤顶Jack施工注意事项ConstructionPrecautions03采用全断面开挖法应注意下列问题Attentionshallbepaidtothefollowingmatterswhenfullfaceexcavationmethodisadopted摸清开挖面前方的地质情况，随时准备好应急措施(包括改变施工方法等)，以确保施工安全。Findoutthegeologicalconditionsinfrontoftheexcavationface,andprepareemergencymeasures(includingchangeofconstructionmethods,etc.)atanytimetoensureconstructionsafety.各种施工机械设备要求配套，以充分发挥机械设备的效率。Variousconstructionmachineryandequipmentshallbeincompletesettogivefullplaytotheirefficiency.加强各项辅助作业，尤其加强施工通风，保证工作面有足够的新鲜空气。Strengthenvariousauxiliaryoperations,especiallyconstructionventilation,toensuresufficientfreshairontheworkingface.加强对施工人员的技术培训。实践证明施工人员对新奥法基本原理的了解程度和技术熟练状况直接关系到施工的效果。Strengthentechnicaltrainingforconstructionpersonnel.Practicehasprovedthattheconstructionpersonnel'sunderstandingofthebasicprincipleofNATMandtheirtechnicalproficiencydirectlyrelatetheconstructioneffect.全断面开挖法FullFaceExcavationMethod施工注意事项ConstructionPrecautions课程小结Summary04全断面开挖法FullFaceExcavationMethod课程小结Summary