人教版新八年级英语暑假讲义第09讲动词不定式作宾语-(学生版+解析)

第09讲动词不定式作宾语【基础知识】动词不定式作宾语（1）接不定式作宾语的动词（“动词+todo”结构）常见的有：learn学会plan计划decide决定try尽力choose选择agree同意refuse拒绝pretend假装offer主动wouldlike/want想要expect期望hope/wish希望promise承诺afford负担得起prefer喜欢help帮助(helptodo/helpdo)like喜欢(liketodo/doing)continue继续(continuetodo/doing)begin/start开始(begin/starttodo/doing)如：Iwouldliketohaveasandwich.我想要吃一个三明治。（2）动词不定式作宾语，置句末，前面用it指代不定式，it是形式宾语。如：Wefounditdifficulttounderstandwhatyousaid.我们发现很难理解你所说的话。（3）有的动词在不定式前可加上疑问词（who，what，which等）作宾语（即“动词+疑问词+todo”结构），常见的有：show表明、指示；know知道；tell告诉；teach教；learn学习；decide决定。如：Larrydidn’tknowhowtotellherthebadnews.拉里不知道如何告诉她这个坏消息。【考点剖析】例1．(2023·山东·莒南县教育科学研究与发展中心八年级期末）—Didyoupractice________Englishthismorning?—Yes,butIforgot________theclassroom.A．tospeak;toclean B．speaking;toclean C．speaking;cleaning例2．(2023·广东·深圳市高级中学八年级期中）—Didyouforget________offthelightwhenyoulefttheroomjustnow?—No,Iremember________that,Mum.A．toturn；todo B．turning；doing C．toturn；doing例3．(2023·广东·深圳市高级中学八年级期中）—Doesyourmothermakeyou________houseworkeveryday?—No.Infact,Ioffer________thedisheseveryday.A．do;todo B．todo;todo C．do;doing例4．(2023·辽宁沈阳·八年级期末）Threeteenagers________todosomevoluntaryworkduringtheschoolholiday.A．kept B．offered C．thought D．practised【真题演练】5．(2023·四川广元·中考真题）TheGreatWallissofamousthatalargenumberoftravellerswish______it.A．visit B．visiting C．tovisit D．visited6．(2023·天津·中考真题）Thepaintingisreallyvaluabletohim.Hewillneveragree________it.A．sell B．sells C．sold D．tosell7．(2023·山东济南·中考真题）—Haveyoufinishedyourbookreportyet?—No,Ihaven’t.Iplan________itthisweekend.A．write B．wrote C．writing D．towrite8．(2023·云南昆明·中考真题）Itisnecessarytolearn________timeandmakegooduseofeveryminute.A．tomanage B．managing C．tolose D．losing9．(2023·重庆·中考真题）Thevillagersplan________anewbridgeovertheriver.A．build B．building C．tobuild D．built【过关检测】10．Pleaseremember________tomorrowmorning.A．towakeupme B．wakingupme C．towakemeup D．wakingmeup11．Thecouplemanaged________theship.A．togoontheboard B．goingontoboardC．goingonboard D．togoonboard12．Ifound________interesting________theanimals.A．that;tofeed B．it;tofeed C．this;feed D．it;feed13．Don’tforget_________yourbookheretomorrow.A．carrying B．getting C．totake D．tobring14．Atpresent,thepriceofthehousesinUrumqi________thanbefore.Icanafford________alargeone.A．arecheaper;tobuy B．ischeaper;buy C．arelower;buy D．islower;tobuy15．(2023·广东·广州市白云区白云实验学校八年级阶段练习）Asmymotherislookingforwardto________fromme,pleaseremember________thisletteronyourwaytothecompany.A．hearing；posting B．hear；topost C．hearing；topost D．hear；posting16．(2023·北京大兴·八年级期末）—Doyouplan________forapartythisweekend?—Yes,wedo.A．toprepare B．prepare C．preparing D．prepared17．(2023·陕西·榆林市第一中学分校八年级期末）Mymotherexpects________aroundtheworld.A．togo B．going C．goes D．went18．(2023·内蒙古·阿荣旗教师培训中心八年级期末）—Laura,wedecide________onatripthisafternoon.willyoujoinus?—-I’mafraidnot.Ihaveacomposition________.A．togo;towrite B．togo;writing C．going;towrite D．going;writing19．(2023·黑龙江·肇州县教师进修学校八年级期末）Thechildisafraid________thebridgebecauseheisafraid________offit.A．tocross;tofall B．tocross;offallingC．ofcrossing;offalling D．ofcrossing;tofall20．(2023·天津和平·八年级期末）Asthemanagerofthecompany,Mr.Browncan’texpect________adaywithoutworking.A．spent B．spending C．spend D．tospend21．(2023·湖南·通道侗族自治县教育科学研究室八年级期末）Ifinditimportant________Englishinthemorning.A．read B．reading C．toread22．(2023·安徽淮北·八年级期末）Wouldyoulike________hissister________yourparty?A．invite;to B．toinvite;to C．toinvite;for D．invite;to23．(2023·上海浦东新·八年级期末）Theyagreed________anothermeetinginoneweek’stime.A．tohold B．holding C．held D．hold24．(2023·广东·深圳实验学校中学部八年级期末）Ifyoutry________yourdream,youhadbetter________effectivestepsandworkhard.A．realizing;take B．torealize;taking C．realizing;totake D．torealize;take二、用所给单词的正确形式填空25．(2023·北京市陈经纶中学分校八年级期中）Childrenoftenexpect_____(see)moreMonkeyKingcartoons.26．(2023·山东·巨野县教学研究中心八年级期中）Ifindithard_______(finish)theworkinaday.27．(2023·黑龙江·绥滨县教师进修学校八年级期末）Mymotherdoesn’tallowme________(eat)junkfood.28．(2023·黑龙江·绥滨县教师进修学校八年级期末）Don’tforget_______________(see)myparentswhenyouareinBeijing.29．(2023·黑龙江·肇州县教师进修学校八年级期末）Theshirtwasdirty,buthemanaged_________(clean)it.30．(2023·黑龙江·肇州县教师进修学校八年级期末）Tomdidn’tneed_________(buy)abighouse.31．(2023·吉林·长春外国语学校八年级期末）Heneeds________(clean)hisroomrightnow.32．(2023·全国·八年级期末）Theyvolunteered________(care)forthosehomelesspeople.33．(2023·甘肃省会宁县教学研究室八年级期末）Couldyoutellmehow____(use)thecomputer?34．(2023·浙江·温岭市新河中学八年级期末）Ihope________(watch)theactionmovieoneday.35．(2023·吉林·长春外国语学校八年级期末）Somestudentsfounditdifficult

________

(pronounce)difficultwords.36．(2023·山西阳泉·八年级期末）OfalltheTVshows,myfatherexpects_______________(watch)thenews.第09讲动词不定式作宾语【基础知识】动词不定式作宾语（1）接不定式作宾语的动词（“动词+todo”结构）常见的有：learn学会plan计划decide决定try尽力choose选择agree同意refuse拒绝pretend假装offer主动wouldlike/want想要expect期望hope/wish希望promise承诺afford负担得起prefer喜欢help帮助(helptodo/helpdo)like喜欢(liketodo/doing)continue继续(continuetodo/doing)begin/start开始(begin/starttodo/doing)如：Iwouldliketohaveasandwich.我想要吃一个三明治。（2）动词不定式作宾语，置句末，前面用it指代不定式，it是形式宾语。如：Wefounditdifficulttounderstandwhatyousaid.我们发现很难理解你所说的话。（3）有的动词在不定式前可加上疑问词（who，what，which等）作宾语（即“动词+疑问词+todo”结构），常见的有：show表明、指示；know知道；tell告诉；teach教；learn学习；decide决定。如：Larrydidn’tknowhowtotellherthebadnews.拉里不知道如何告诉她这个坏消息。【考点剖析】例1．(2023·山东·莒南县教育科学研究与发展中心八年级期末）—Didyoupractice________Englishthismorning?—Yes,butIforgot________theclassroom.A．tospeak;toclean B．speaking;toclean C．speaking;cleaning1．B解析：句意：——今天早上你练习说英语了吗？——是的，但是我忘记打扫教室了。考查非谓语动词。practicedoingsth.“练习做某事”；“butIforgot...theclassroom”可知打扫教室这件事情还未做，用forgettodosth.表示“忘记去做某事”。故选B。例2．(2023·广东·深圳市高级中学八年级期中）—Didyouforget________offthelightwhenyoulefttheroomjustnow?—No,Iremember________that,Mum.A．toturn；todo B．turning；doing C．toturn；doing2．C解析：句意：——刚才你离开房间的时候，是不是忘记关灯了？——没有，我记得关好灯了，妈妈。考查非谓语。forgettodo忘记去做某事；forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事；remembertodosth记着去做某事；rememberdoingsth记得做过某事；根据“whenyoulefttheroomjustnow”及答语No可知，此处指的是“忘记关灯”，应用forgettodosth的结构；根据“No”可知，第二空指的是“记得已经做过”这件事，应用rememberdoingsth的形式；故选C。例3．(2023·广东·深圳市高级中学八年级期中）—Doesyourmothermakeyou________houseworkeveryday?—No.Infact,Ioffer________thedisheseveryday.A．do;todo B．todo;todo C．do;doing3．A解析：句意：——你妈妈每天都让你做家务吗？——不。事实上，我主动提出每天洗碗。考查非谓语动词。makesbdosth“让某人做某事”，排除B；offertodosth“主动提出做某事”，排除C，故选A。例4．(2023·辽宁沈阳·八年级期末）Threeteenagers________todosomevoluntaryworkduringtheschoolholiday.A．kept B．offered C．thought D．practised4．B解析：句意：三名青少年提出在学校放假期间做一些志愿工作。考查动词词义辨析。kept保持；offered提供，主动提出；thought想，认为；practised练习。根据“Threeteenagers...todosomevoluntarywork”可知，空处动词后接不定式作宾语，表示主动提出做志愿者，offertodosth“主动提出做某事”。故选B。【真题演练】5．(2023·四川广元·中考真题）TheGreatWallissofamousthatalargenumberoftravellerswish______it.A．visit B．visiting C．tovisit D．visited6．(2023·天津·中考真题）Thepaintingisreallyvaluabletohim.Hewillneveragree________it.A．sell B．sells C．sold D．tosell7．(2023·山东济南·中考真题）—Haveyoufinishedyourbookreportyet?—No,Ihaven’t.Iplan________itthisweekend.A．write B．wrote C．writing D．towrite8．(2023·云南昆明·中考真题）Itisnecessarytolearn________timeandmakegooduseofeveryminute.A．tomanage B．managing C．tolose D．losing9．(2023·重庆·中考真题）Thevillagersplan________anewbridgeovertheriver.A．build B．building C．tobuild D．built【过关检测】10．Pleaseremember________tomorrowmorning.A．towakeupme B．wakingupme C．towakemeup D．wakingmeup11．Thecouplemanaged________theship.A．togoontheboard B．goingontoboardC．goingonboard D．togoonboard12．Ifound________interesting________theanimals.A．that;tofeed B．it;tofeed C．this;feed D．it;feed13．Don’tforget_________yourbookheretomorrow.A．carrying B．getting C．totake D．tobring14．Atpresent,thepriceofthehousesinUrumqi________thanbefore.Icanafford________alargeone.A．arecheaper;tobuy B．ischeaper;buy C．arelower;buy D．islower;tobuy15．(2023·广东·广州市白云区白云实验学校八年级阶段练习）Asmymotherislookingforwardto________fromme,pleaseremember________thisletteronyourwaytothecompany.A．hearing；posting B．hear；topost C．hearing；topost D．hear；posting16．(2023·北京大兴·八年级期末）—Doyouplan________forapartythisweekend?—Yes,wedo.A．toprepare B．prepare C．preparing D．prepared17．(2023·陕西·榆林市第一中学分校八年级期末）Mymotherexpects________aroundtheworld.A．togo B．going C．goes D．went18．(2023·内蒙古·阿荣旗教师培训中心八年级期末）—Laura,wedecide________onatripthisafternoon.willyoujoinus?—-I’mafraidnot.Ihaveacomposition________.A．togo;towrite B．togo;writing C．going;towrite D．going;writing19．(2023·黑龙江·肇州县教师进修学校八年级期末）Thechildisafraid________thebridgebecauseheisafraid________offit.A．tocross;tofall B．tocross;offallingC．ofcrossing;offalling D．ofcrossing;tofall20．(2023·天津和平·八年级期末）Asthemanagerofthecompany,Mr.Browncan’texpect________adaywithoutworking.A．spent B．spending C．spend D．tospend21．(2023·湖南·通道侗族自治县教育科学研究室八年级期末）Ifinditimportant________Englishinthemorning.A．read B．reading C．toread22．(2023·安徽淮北·八年级期末）Wouldyoulike________hissister________yourparty?A．invite;to B．toinvite;to C．toinvite;for D．invite;to23．(2023·上海浦东新·八年级期末）Theyagreed________anothermeetinginoneweek’stime.A．tohold B．holding C．held D．hold24．(2023·广东·深圳实验学校中学部八年级期末）Ifyoutry________yourdream,youhadbetter________effectivestepsandworkhard.A．realizing;take B．torealize;taking C．realizing;totake D．torealize;take二、用所给单词的正确形式填空25．(2023·北京市陈经纶中学分校八年级期中）Childrenoftenexpect_____(see)moreMonkeyKingcartoons.26．(2023·山东·巨野县教学研究中心八年级期中）Ifindithard_______(finish)theworkinaday.27．(2023·黑龙江·绥滨县教师进修学校八年级期末）Mymotherdoesn’tallowme________(eat)junkfood.28．(2023·黑龙江·绥滨县教师进修学校八年级期末）Don’tforget_______________(see)myparentswhenyouareinBeijing.29．(2023·黑龙江·肇州县教师进修学校八年级期末）Theshirtwasdirty,buthemanaged_________(clean)it.30．(2023·黑龙江·肇州县教师进修学校八年级期末）Tomdidn’tneed_________(buy)abighouse.31．(2023·吉林·长春外国语学校八年级期末）Heneeds________(clean)hisroomrightnow.32．(2023·全国·八年级期末）Theyvolunteered________(care)forthosehomelesspeople.33．(2023·甘肃省会宁县教学研究室八年级期末）Couldyoutellmehow____(use)thecomputer?34．(2023·浙江·温岭市新河中学八年级期末）Ihope________(watch)theactionmovieoneday.35．(2023·吉林·长春外国语学校八年级期末）Somestudentsfounditdifficult

________

(pronounce)difficultwords.36．(2023·山西阳泉·八年级期末）OfalltheTVshows,myfatherexpects_______________(watch)thenews.参考答案：5．C解析：【详解】句意：长城非常有名，许多旅行者都想去参观。考查非谓语动词。固定短语wishtodosth“希望做某事”，故选C。6．D解析：【详解】句意：这幅画对他来说真的很有价值。他永远不会同意卖掉它。考查非谓语动词。agreetodosth.“同意做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故选D。7．D解析：【详解】句意：——你写完读书报告了吗？——没有。我计划这个周末写。考查动词不定式作宾语。plantodosth.计划做某事，固定搭配。故选D。8．A解析：【详解】句意：学会管理时间，充分利用每一分钟是必要的。考查动词辨析及非谓语动词。manage管理；lose失去。根据“makegooduseofeveryminute”可知是要管理时间；learntodosth.学会做某事，此处用动词不定式作宾语。故选A。9．C解析：【详解】句意：村民们计划在这条河上再建一座桥。考查非谓语动词。plantodosth计划做某事，使用动词不定式作宾语，故选C。10．C解析：【详解】句意：请记住明天早晨叫醒我。考查动词短语。remembertodo意为“记住要做……”；rememberdoing意为“记得做过……”。根据“tomorrowmorning”可知此处这件事还没做，应用remembertodo；wakeup意为“唤醒”，是“动词+副词”结构，其中up为副词，代词应放中间。故选C。11．D解析：【详解】句意：这对夫妇设法登上了轮船。考查非谓语动词和动词短语。根据“Thecouplemanaged…theship.”可知，managetodosth.“设法做某事”，排除A、C项；goonboard“上（船、飞机、火车等）”，固定短语。故选D。12．B解析：【详解】句意：我发现喂动物很有趣。考查固定句型。“发现做某事很有趣”用finditinterestingtodosth来表示，其中it为形式宾语，todosth为真正的宾语。故选B。13．D解析：【详解】句意：别忘了明天把你的书带来。考查动词辨析。carry提、抬；get得到；take拿走，指“离说话地点越来越远”；bring拿来，指“离说话地点越来越近”；forgettodosth“忘记要去做某事”，动作还没有做；forgetdoingsomething“忘记做过某事”，说话的时候动作已完成；根据“tomorrow”可知此处指“动作还未完成”，排除A和B；根据“here”可知此处指“靠近说话人方向”，排除C。故选D。14．D解析：【详解】句意：目前，乌鲁木齐的房价比以前低了。我能买得起一个大房子。考查形容词用法辨析和afford的用法。主语是thepriceofthehousesinUrumqi，中心词为price，应用high/low形容，谓语动词用单数形式；afford“负担得起”后续动词不定式，作其宾语。故选D。15．C解析：【详解】句意：因为我妈妈很期待收到我的信，请记得在你去公司上班的路上帮我把这封信寄出去。考查非谓语动词。lookforwardtodoingsth.表示“期待做某事”，hearfromsb.表示“收到某人的来信”，因此第一空应填动词hear的动词ing形式hearing。rememberdoingsth“记得做过某事”；remembertodosth.表示“记得要去做某事”，根据“pleaseremember…thisletteronyourwaytothecompany”可知，提醒对方要去寄信，因此第二空应填动词post的不定式topost。故选C。16．A解析：【详解】句意：——你计划准备这个周末的聚会吗？——是的，我们计划了。考查非谓语动词。结合语境和空前“plan”可知问句用“plantodosth计划做某事”，所以这里用动词不定式作宾语。故选A。17．A解析：【详解】句意：我母亲希望能环游世界。考查非谓语动词。expecttodosth“期待做某事”，动词不定式作宾语，故选A。18．A解析：【详解】句意：——劳拉，我们决定今天下午去旅行。你愿意加入我们吗？——恐怕不行。我有一篇作文要写。考查动词不定式的用法。go去；write写。第一空根据“decidetodosth”“决定做某事”可知，应该使用togo；第二空，根据“havesthtodo”“有事要做”可知，应该使用towrite，表示“有一篇作文要写”。故选A。19．B解析：【详解】句意：这个孩子害怕过桥，因为他害怕从桥上掉下去。考查介词辨析和动词短语。短语beafraidtodosth“害怕做某事”，通常是按照经验或常识不敢做某事，或没有勇气做某事。；beafraidofdoingsth“害怕做某事”，主要用来谈论一件不希望，也不能决定，而可能突然发生在自己身上的事。结合句意，故选B。20．D解析：【详解】句意：作为公司的经理，布朗先生不能指望一天不工作。考查非谓语动词。固定短语expecttodosth“期待做某事”，故选D。21．C解析：【详解】句意：我发现早上读英语很重要。考查非谓语动词。findit+形容词+todosth表示“发现做某事是……的”，it是形式宾语，动词不定式作真正的宾语。故