2024届山东省泰安市高新区良庄二中学英语八下期末监测试题含答案

2024届山东省泰安市高新区良庄二中学英语八下期末监测试题满分120分，时间90分钟一、单项选择（共10小题，满分20分）1、Theoldbuildinglooksnice.It’sabout________.A.fifteen-meter-high B.fifteenmeterhighC.fifteen-metershigh D.fifteenmetershigh2、―MustIreturnthebookthisweek?―No,you_________.Youcan________itfor15days.A.needn’t;keep B.needn’t;borrow C.mustn’t;keep D.mustn’t;lend3、Since2021,ourschool________manykindsofafter-schoolservicesforstudents.A.provides B.isproviding C.provided D.hasprovided4、Sallyheardthedoorbellring________shewascooking.A.after B.since C.while D.before5、Whenyouarenervous,________aconversationwithyourfriendsmayhelpyou.A.having B.had C.have D.has6、—MarkTwainrosefromanobodytofamouswriterintheworldinhislife.—Yes.Yourchanceof________yourdreaminthefuturedependsonyourefforttoday.A.winning B.flying C.achieving D.protecting7、Theweatherischangeablethesedays.Itrainyandcloudyinthepastfewdays.Ihopethattomorrowwillbeasunnyday.A.willbe B.is C.hasbeen D.was8、Mr.Jiang,as________elderlyman,tookpartintheSpecialGamesfortheelderly.A.a B.an C.the D./9、—Whowashesclothesforthelittlegirl?—Nobody.Justby________.A.himself B.herself C.themselves D.myself10、一Isick.Imayhaveafever.一You'dbettergotoseeadoctor.A.feel B.look C.sound二、完形填空（10分）11、请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。Althoughmydaughterisonlytwoyearsold,weletherhaveafew“chores”.The“chores”aren’ttocleanthehouseor___1___thefloor.Whenshecouldjustwalkandplaywithhertoys,andthen___2___themaway,wetaughthertoputthemaway.Nowshe___3___ittobeoneofher“chores”.Anotherthingweaskedhertodowastotakeherdishestothe___4___.Nowwhenshefinishesher___5___,she’llruntothekitchenwithherbowlorplate!Wedon’tmakea“choreplan”forhertofinisheachday!However,we___6___chorestoherslowly.Iunderstandthereasonbehindthat.Itteachesa___7___toberesponsibleforwhatheorshedoes.AndIalsothinkthattherearesomechoresthateachpersonshould___8___apartin,likekeepingthehouse___9___,takingcareofone’sownthings,etc.It’snevertooearlytoteachchildrenhowtodohousework.But___10___choresshouldwaituntilthey’reolder.Therearemanychoresyoucangivetoyourkidsateveryage.1.A.sweep B.stand C.use D.move2.A.put B.threw C.took D.kept3.A.controls B.hates C.refuses D.understands4.A.bedroom B.kitchen C.table D.chair5.A.meal B.homework C.chore D.study6.A.do B.send C.add D.carry7.A.parent B.child C.friend D.teacher8.A.advise B.say C.know D.play9.A.dirty B.large C.clean D.perfect10.A.fewer B.easier C.smaller D.more三、完成句子（共5小题，满分10分）12、Asthesayinggoes,“Actionsspeaks______(loud)thanwords.”13、________(提醒)metobuyanewpaper.14、我们是否按时举行会议取决于天气。______________________________________________________15、Tomwenttoschoolbybus__________________onfoot.汤姆乘公共汽车去上学，而不是步行。16、enjoy,air,and,come,fresh,the________________________________________.四、阅读理解（40分）17、Hieveryone!IamYangRuize.IliveinHongKong.Iamathird-graderattheEducationUniversityofHongKongJockeyClubPrimarySchool.Letmeshowyoumydayatschool.8:40—9:10Morningreading:Wereadourtextbooks.IfitisMonday,weusuallyhaveaflag-raisingceremony.9:10—9:50Firstclass:WehaveChinese,mathandEnglisheveryday.Oneofmyfavoriteclassesiscomputerstudies.Ilearntomakesimpleonlinegamesorevenmusic.It’sthemostinterestingclasstome.9:50—10:30Secondclass:AnotherclassIenjoyisgeneralstudies（常识课）.Thisclasscoversknowledgeofdifferentsubjects.10:55—11:35Thirdclass11:35—12:15Fourthclass:Ithinkthemostdifficultclassisvisualarts.It’snotjustaboutdrawingbutaboutarchitectureanddesign（建筑和设计）.12:15—12:55Fifthclass:Wehaveamusicclassonceaweek.12:55—13:50Lunchbreak:Acookingcompanysendsourlunchtoschool.Ilikecharsiuricemost.Wecanalsobringhomemadelunchestoschool.13:50—14:30Sixthclass14:30—15:10Seventhclass:WehavePEclasseseveryTuesdayandFriday.15:10—15:40Eighthclass15:40Schoolisover.1.HowlongisYangRuize’sschoolday?A.7hours. B.7.5hours. C.8hours. D.8.5hours.2.WhichisthemostinterestingclasstoYangRuize?A.Math. B.Computerstudies. C.Chinese. D.English.3.HowoftendoesYangRuizehavePEclasses?A.Onceaweek. B.Twiceaweek. C.Onceamonth. D.Twiceamonth.18、Itisnecessarytoshareyourfeelingswithothers.Sharingyourfeelingshelpsyoutogetclosertopeopleyoucareaboutandwhocareaboutyou.Sometimesitcanbereallyhardnottotellanyonethatyouarefeelingsad,worried,orupset.____1____Ifthat,itcanevenmakeyoufeelsick!Butifyoutalkwithsomeonewhocaresforyou,likeyourmomordad,youwillnotbeallalonewithyourproblemsorworries.____2____Butatleastothersknowwhatyourtroubleisandcanhelpyoufindwaystodealwith(处理)it.Ifthepersondoesn’tunderstandwhatyoumeanrightaway,tryexplainingitinadifferentwayorgiveanexamplethathassomethingtodowithyou.____3____Ifyouthinkyou’llhavetroublesayingwhat'sonyourmind,writeitdownonapieceofpaper.Someofus,justlikesomeadults,aremoreprivate(有隐私的).____4____Akiddoesn’thavetoshareeveryfeelingheorshehas.____5____根据短文内容,从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项,选项中有—项为多余选项。A.Itdoesn’tmeanyourproblemsandworriesgooff.B.Don’tcareaboutwhatothersthink.C.Ofcourse,therearemanywaysforyoutospeakupyourfeelings.D.Thatmeanssomepeoplewillfeelshyaboutsharingtheirfeelings.E.Butitisimportanttosharefeelingswhenakidneedshelp.F.Don’tkeepyourfeelingstoyourself.19、Feelinghot?SoisEarth.Becauseofproblemslikeclimatechangeandbadwaysoffarming,muchoftheplanet’slandisdryingup.Whatcanwedotosolvethisproblem?OnethingtheUnitedNationsdidwastocreateaholiday.In1994,theUNstartedWorldDaytoCombatDesertificationandDrought(世界防治荒漠化和干旱日),toletmorepeopleknowaboutdesertification.ItisonJune17everyyear.Desertificationhappenswhenhealthyland—landfullofwaterandnutrients(营养)—becomesdesert,whichisdryandunhealthy.Everyyear,20,000to50,000squarekilometersofEarth’slandislosttodesertification.InAfrica,scientistsexpectthattwothirdsofAfrica’shealthylandwillbelostby2025.Desertificationsometimeshappensbecauseofclimatechange,asbig,fastchangesintemperaturecankillplantsandtrees.However,italsohappensbecausepeopleuselandtoomuch,andinbadways,togrowfoodontheirfarms.Growingtoomanyplantsinthesamesoil,intooshortatime,cantakeawaythesoil’snutrientsfasterthanthesoilcanmakenewones.Thatcanturnthesoilintodrysand,likeadesert.TheUNsuggestssomedifferentactionstostopdesertification.Oneistoteachpeoplebetterwaysoffarming,includingtheuseofbetterfertilizers(肥料).Anotherisreforestationwhichmeansplantingmoretrees.OnecountrythathasdonealotofthatisChina.TodayChinahas61millionhectaresofreforestedland—morethananywhereelseintheworld.1.Whatislandlikeifdesertificationhappens?A.Itisfullofwater. B.Ithasmorenutrients.C.Itisdryandunhealthy. D.Itissuitabletoliveon.2.WhatdoscientistspredictaboutAfricain2025?A.GrowingplantswillhelpAfricahavemorehealthyland.B.MostofAfrica’shealthylandwillgetdryandunhealthy.C.Africawillhaveabout50,000squarekilometersofhealthyland.D.Africawillhaveabout20,000squarekilometersofdesertification.3.Whyisn’titgoodtogrowtoomanyplantsinthesamesoil?A.Becauseitcanchangetheclimatefaster.B.Becauseitcanchangeplantsintobadsoil.C.Becauseitcanchangehealthylandintoforests.D.Becauseitcantakeawaythesoil’snutrientsfaster.4.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotcausedesertification?A.Reforestation. B.Usinglandtoomuch.C.Usingpoorfertilizers. D.Climatechange.5.What’sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Thecausesofdesertification. B.Theimportanceofreforestation.C.TheUN’splansforimprovingfarming. D.TheUN’ssuggestionsforfightingdesertification.20、Doyouknowany9-year-oldkidswhohavestartedtheirownmuseums?WhenTheodoreRooseveltwasonlynine,heandtwoofhiscousinsopenedthe“RooseveltMuseumofNaturalHistory”.ThemuseumwasinRoosevelt’sbedroom.Ithadatotalof12samples.Onshowwereafewseashells,somedeadbutterflies,somebirds’nestsandsoon.YoungRooseveltwasproudofhissmallmuseum.BorninNewYorkin1858,TheodoreRooseveltwasnotalwayshealthy.“Iwasasicklyboy,”heoncewrote.Roosevelthadahealthconditioncalledasthma.Heoftenfoundithardtobreathe.Insteadofplaying,hestudiednaturethenreadandwroteaboutit.Roosevclt’sinterestinnaturesometimesgothimintotrouble.Once,hismotherfoundseveraldeadmiceintheicebox.Sherequiredthatthemicebethrownout.“Thiswasindeedalossofscience,”Rooseveltsaidlater.BecauseRooseveltwasoftensicklyasaboy,hisbodywassmallandweak.Whenhewasabout12,hisfatheraskedhimtoimprovehisbody.Rooseveltbegantodoexercise.Hedidn’tbecomestrongquickly.Buthediddecidetofacelife’schallengeswithastrongspirit.ThatdecisionstayedwithRooseveltduringhiswholelife.Finally,hewasanactive,healthyperson.Heenjoyedadventures,andhelovedtheoutdoors.In1900,attheageof41,RooseveltbecametheVicePresident(副总统).Ayearlater,PresidentMcKinley,wasshotandkilled.Rooseveltbecamethe26thPresidentat42yearsold.Hewastheyoungestleaderinthecountry.1.WhywasRooseveltproudofhismuseum?A.Hesetthemuseuminhisbedroom. B.Heopenedthemuseumonhisown.C.Thethingsonshowwereexpensive. D.Thethingsonshowwerehistreasures.2.WhydidRooseveltsay“alossofscience”inparagraph3?A.Themicewerethrownaway. B.Themiceweredeadintheicebox.C.Helosthisinterestinstudyingscience. D.Hismotherstoppedhimstudyingscience.3.WhatdidRooseveltdotofacelife’schallenges?A.Enjoyedscience. B.Hadastrongmind.C.Ownedamuseum. D.Wentforadventures.4.Inwhichbookmightyoufindthispassage?A.AWonderfulBedroomMuseum B.HowtoTurnHobbiesintoCareersC.LivingwithaSeriousDisease-Asthma D.TheChildhoodsofAmerica’sPresidents五、补全对话（10分）21、通读下面对话，根据对话内容，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，将最佳选项的字母编号填写在相应位置上，选项中有一项为多余选项。Ann:Hi,Mary.Jenny’sbirthdayiscoming.Haveyoureceivedherinvitation?Mary:Yes.___1___Ann:Metoo.I’mjustthinkingaboutthegift.___2___Mary:Well,shelikesreading.Whynotgetherbooks?Ann:___3___Ithinkshe’llbehappytogetthem.Mary:Bytheway,howwillyoubuythegift?Willyouaskyourparentsformoney?Ann:___4___I’vealreadysavedmypocketmoney.Mary:You’reright.Ithinkweshouldlearntoplanmoney.Ann:That’strue.___5___Mary:Greatjob.Learningtosaveandusemoneyarebothimportanttous.A.Soundsgood.B.Ialsouseittohelpothersinneed.C.Yes,Iwill.D.Howaboutyou?E.Doyouhaveanygoodideas?F.Ofcoursenot.六、阅读表达（10分）22、阅读短文，根据要求完成文后的题目。Onceuponatime,therewasarichman.Helovedhissonverymuch.Becausehewantedtomakehissonhaveahappylife,hedecidedtosendhimtoseeasmartoldmanforadviceonhappiness.Whentheoldmanknewaboutthis,hegavetheboyanemptybowl(空碗)andaskedhimtogototheriverandfillthebowlwithwater.“Ifnowaterisspilt(洒)whenyoucomeback,Iwilltellyouaboutit.”Theboywalkedtotheriverandcamebackwithabowlofwater.Theoldmanaskedhim,“Didyounoticethebeautifulflowersalongtheroadandthebirdssinginginthetrees?”Theboycouldsaynothingaboutthembecausehepaidmuchattentiontothebowlinhishands.Theoldmansmiledandsaid,“Bringmeanotherbowlofwaterandenjoytheflowersandthesingingofbirds.”Whenhecameback,theboycoulddescribe(描述)everythinghehadseentotheoldman.Butwhenhelookedathisbowl,hefoundmostwaterwasgone.Heforgotallabouthisbowlwhenheenjoyedthebeautifulthingsalongtheroad.“Well,youngman,”theoldmansaid.“Enjoythebeautyoftheworld,butneverforgetyourdreaminyourheart.Thisisthesecret(秘密)ofhappiness.”1.Howdidtheboygototheriver？(nomorethan6words)_______________________________________________________________2.Whycouldn’ttheboysaysomethingabouttheflowersandbirds?(nomorethan12words)_______________________________________________________________3.Whatdidtheoldmantelltheboytoenjoythesecondtime?(nomorethan14words)_______________________________________________________________4.将划线部分句子译成汉语。_______________________________________________________________5.给短文拟一个适当的英文标题。_______________________________________________________________七、书面表达（20分）在我们成长过程中有很多重要的东西，比如time,love,books,friendship，它一定对我们的学习生活有所帮助或者产生影响，请以“TheMostImportantThinginMyLife”为题，写一篇英语短文。要点：1.你生命中最重要的东西是什么；2.它为什么那么重要；3.你是怎样对待它的。要求：1.语言表达要准确，语意要通顺、连贯，文中不得出现考生真实姓名和学校名称；2.词数100左右。TheMostImportantThinginMyLife__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案一、单项选择（共10小题，满分20分）1、D【解析】【详解】句意：那座老建筑看起来不错。它大约有15米高。考查名词短语。A选项是复合形容词，作定语；BC选项错误；D选项是名词短语，表示15米高。这里是作表语，D选项符合，故选D。2、A【解析】【详解】句意：——这个星期我必须还书吗？——不，你不需要。你可以保存15天。考查情态动词以及动词辨析。needn’t不需要；mustn’t禁止；keep保存，延续性动词；borrow借入，非延续性动词；lend借出，非延续性动词。回答must引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答是“Yes,youmust”，否定回答是“No,youneedn’t”，排除C和D。第二个空所在句子的时间状语是“for15days”，要选延续性动词keep，lend和borrow都是非延续性动词，排除B。故选A。3、D【解析】【详解】句意：自2021年以来，我校为学生提供了多种课外服务。考查动词时态。根据“Since2021”可知，此处强调过去发生的动作持续到现在，对现在造成了影响，可能持续发生下去，所以用现在完成时，结构是：have/hasdone，故选D。4、C【解析】【详解】句意：萨莉正在做饭时听到门铃响了。考查连词辨析。after在之后；since自从；while当……时；before在之前。根据“Sallyheardthedoorbellring…shewascooking”可知，此处强调“做饭”和“门铃响”这两个动作同时发生，用while引导时间状语从句，故选C。5、A【解析】【详解】句意：当你紧张时，与朋友交谈可能会有助于你。考查非谓语动词。根据“aconversationwithyourfriendsmayhelpyou”可知，此空应用动名词having，作句子的主语。故选A。6、C【解析】【详解】句意；——马克·吐温在他的一生中从一个无名小卒成长为世界著名作家。——是的。你将来实现梦想的机会取决于你今天的努力。考查动词辨析。winning赢得；flying飞；achieving实现；protecting保护。根据“...yourdream”可知，achieving符合语境，表示“实现梦想”。故选C。7、C【解析】【详解】句意：这些天天气多变，过去几天一直阴雨连绵。我希望明天是个阳光明媚的日子。考查现在完成时。根据时间状语“inthepastfewdays”可知，句子是现在完成时，即have/has+过去分词，且主语是第三人称单数，故选C。8、B【解析】【详解】句意：江先生，作为一名老人，参加了老人特殊运动会。考查冠词。不定冠词a/an表泛指，a用在以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前，an用在以元音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前；定冠词the表特指。此处指“作为一名老人”用不定冠词表泛指；elderly以元音音素开头，不定冠词用an。故选B。9、B【解析】【详解】句意：——谁给小女孩洗衣服？——没有人。她自己洗。考查反身代词辨析。himself他自己；herself她自己；themselves他（她/它）们自己；myself我自己。根据“thelittlegirl”可知，此空应填herself，故选B。10、A【解析】【详解】句意：-我觉得不舒服。我可能发烧了。-你最好去看医生。二、完形填空（10分）11、1.A2.B3.D4.B5.A6.C7.B8.D9.C10.D【解析】【导语】本文介绍了应该从小让孩子做家务，让他们从小理解要对自己的行为负责。【1题详解】句意：“家务”不是打扫房子或扫地。sweep打扫；stand站；use使用；move移动。根据前文的“cleanthehouse”可知这里是“清理地板”，用sweepthefloor表达。故选A。【2题详解】句意：当她能走路和玩玩具，然后把它们扔掉时，我们教她把它们收起来。put放；threw扔；took拿；kept保持。根据“wetaughthertoputthemaway.”可知，此处是把玩具扔了，threwaway“扔掉”。故选B。【3题详解】句意：现在她明白这是她的“家务活”之一。controls控制；hates讨厌；refuses拒绝；understands明白。根据“tobeoneofher‘chores’.”可知，此处是她明白了这些是她的家务活。故选D。【4题详解】句意：我们让她做的另一件事是把盘子拿到厨房。bedroom卧室；kitchen厨房；table桌子；chair椅子。由“takeherdishes”可知，应该是把盘子送到厨房。故选B。【5题详解】句意：现在等她吃完饭，她会拿着碗或盘子送到厨房去！meal早餐；homework家庭作业；chore家务活；study学习。根据“she’llruntothekitchenwithherbowlorplate”可知，应该是吃完饭后，送餐具去厨房。故选A。【6题详解】句意：然而，我们慢慢地把家务活交给了她。do做；send邮寄；add添加；carry拿。根据“Wedon’tmakea‘choreplan’forhertofinisheachday”可知，此处是我们慢慢地给她添加上了家务。故选C。【7题详解】句意：它教会孩子对自己的行为负责。parent父、母亲；child小孩；friend朋友；teacher教师。结合上文描述让孩子做家务，可知它教会了孩子对自己的行为负责。故选B。【8题详解】句意：我还认为每个人都应该参与一些家务活，比如保持房子清洁，照顾自己的东西等等。advise建议；say说；know知道；play玩。playapartin“参与”，固定搭配。故选D。【9题详解】句意：我还认为每个人都应该参与一些家务活，比如保持房子清洁，照顾自己的东西等等。dirty肮脏的；large大的；clean清洁的；perfect完美的。根据“therearesomechoresthateachpersonshouldplayapartin,”可知，此处应该是保持房子干净。故选C。【10题详解】句意：但更多的家务应该等到他们长大后再做。fewer较少的；easier更容易的；smaller更小的；more更多的。根据“untilthey’reolder.”可知，等他们长大了，可以做更多一点的家务。故选D。三、完成句子（共5小题，满分10分）12、louder【解析】【详解】句意：正如俗话说：“行胜于言。”根据“than”可知此处应用副词loud的比较级louder。故填louder。13、Remind【解析】【详解】句意：提醒我买一份新报纸。结合句意可知，这是一个祈使句，用动词原形开头，remind意为“提醒”，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Remind。14、Whetherwewillholdthemeetingontimedependsontheweather.【解析】【详解】我们：we；是否：whether；按时：ontime；举行会议：holdthemeeting；取决于：dependon；天气：theweather（特指当天的天气）。分析题干，此句可用whether引导的主语从句来表达；whether需置于句首，且首字母大写；根据中文句意，可知“会议还未举行”，故从句时态用一般将来时；当主语从句作句子的主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，即“dependson”，故填Whetherwewillholdthemeetingontimedependsontheweather.15、①.instead②.of【解析】【详解】“而不是”译为“insteadof”，固定短语。故填instead；of。16、Comeandenjoythefreshair【解析】【详解】根据所给词以及标点可知，句子是祈使句的肯定形式，以动词原形开头，come和enjoy是两个并列的动词，thefreshair“新鲜的空气”是宾语。故填Comeandenjoythefreshair“来享受新鲜空气吧”。四、阅读理解（40分）17、1.A2.B3.B【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了杨瑞泽在学校的一天。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据表格可知，学校八点四十开始，下午三点四十结束，一共7个小时，故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Oneofmyfavoriteclassesiscomputerstudies.Ilearntomakesimpleonlinegamesorevenmusic.It’sthemostinterestingclasstome.”可知计算机学习课是他最感兴趣的课，故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“WehavePEclasseseveryTuesdayandFriday.”可知体育课一周两次，故选B。18、1.F2.A3.C4.D5.E【解析】【导语】本文主要阐述了与他人分享感受的必要性，分享感受可以让你更亲近关心你的人，同时也可以获得帮助解决问题。【1题详解】细节推理题。根据前句“Sometimesitbehardtoanyoneyoufeeling,worriedupset,”可知，当感到悲伤时，很难不告诉任何人，结合后文可知，如果不发泄出来，很可能会生病，因此这里是强调要把感受说出来。F项“不要把自己的感受藏在心里”符合题意，故选F。【2题详解】细节推理题。根据后文“Butatleastothersknowwhatyourtroubleisandcanhelpyoufindwaystodealwith(处理)it.”可知，和在乎自己的人谈话，至少能让别人懂你，帮你找到解决问题的办法，因此这里指的是谈话的效果。A项“这不意味着你的烦恼和忧愁会消失”符合题意，故选A。【3题详解】细节推理题。根据前句可知，可以用别的方式来表达，结合后文提出的把感受写下来的办法，可知这里指的是表达感受的方式。C项“有很多表达感受的方式”符合题意，故选C。【4题详解】细节推理题。根据前句“Someofus,justlikesomeadults,aremoreprivate”可知，我们和成年人一样有自己的隐私，本段讨论的是表达感受时对暴露隐私有顾忌。D项“这意味着有些人会羞于表达自己的感受”符合题意，故选D。【5题详解】细节推理题。根据前句“Akiddoesn’thavetoshareeveryfeelingheorshehas.”可知，孩子不必将自己的感受全部说出来，这里讲的是孩子表达感受时是否愿意分享。E项“但当孩子需要帮助时，分享感受很重要”符合题意，故选E。19、1.C2.B3.D4.A5.D【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述的是地球大部分的土地干涸的原因，及如何做防止土地的沙漠化。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Desertificationhappenswhenhealthyland—landfullofwaterandnutrients—becomesdesert,whichisdryandunhealthy.”可知，土地是干燥和不健康的。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“inAfrica,scientistsexpectthattwothirdsofAfrica’shealthylandwillbelostby2025.”可知，非洲三分之二的健康土地将会消失。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Growingtoomanyplantsinthesamesoil,intooshortatime,cantakeawaythesoil’snutrientsfasterthanthesoilcanmakenewones.Thatcanturnthesoilintodrysand,likeadesert.”可知是因为它可以更快地带走土壤的养分。故选D。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Oneistoteachpeoplebetterwaysoffarming,includingtheuseofbetterfertilizers.Anotherisreforestationwhichmeansplantingmoretrees.OnecountrythathasdonealotofthatisChina.”可知联合国建议采取一些不同的行动来阻止沙漠化，包括使用更好的肥料，这意味着种植更多的树。故选A。【5题详解】段落大意题。根据最后一段“TheUNsuggestssomedifferentactionstostopdesertification.Oneistoteachpeoplebetterwaysoffarming,includingtheuseofbetterfertilizers.Anotherisreforestationwhichmeansplantingmoretrees.”一个是教人们更好的耕作方法。另一个是重新造林。可知最后一段主要讲的是联合国防治荒漠化的建议。故选D。20、1.B2.A3.B4.D【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了美国总统Roosevelt的童年事迹。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“heandtwoofhiscousinsopenedthe‘RooseveltMuseumofNaturalHistory’.”和“YoungRooseveltwasproudofhissmallmuseum.”可知，Roosevelt为他的小博物馆感到自豪。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Once,hismotherfoundseveraldeadmiceintheicebox.Sherequiredthatthemicebethrownout.”可知，老鼠被扔掉了，所以Roosevelt认为是科学的损失。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Buthediddecidetofacelife’schallengeswithastrongspirit.”可知，Roosevelt意志坚强的面对生活的挑战。故选B。【4题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了美国总统Roosevelt的童年。故选D。五、补全对话（10分）21、1.D2.E3.A4.F5.B【解析】【导语】本文是一则对话，Mary和Anna就给Jenny买生日礼物展开对话。【1题详解】根据“Metoo.I’mjustthinkinga