2024年中考英语二轮热点题型归纳与演练07阅读理解说明文

2024年中考英语二轮热点题型归纳与演练07阅读理解说明文（名校模拟12篇）（时间90分钟，满分100分）一、阅读理解（23-24九年级下·江苏南京·阶段练习）Whatisthemoststressfulpartofschool?Itisprobablytheexams.Examscanputusunderalotofpressure.Butsomestudentsdobetterunderpressure,whileothersdonot.So,whydosomestudentsperformbetterunderstress?Itallcomesdowntodopamine(多巴胺).Dopamineisachemicalinourbodythatsendssignalstothebrain.Ithasmanyimportantroles—itaffectsourmemory,attentionspanandhowwelearn.Ourbrainsworkbestwhenthereisabalanceofdopamine—nottoomuchortoolittle.Ourbrainscontroldopamineintwoways.Iteithertakesoutdopaminequicklyorgradually(逐渐地).Examsuccesscanbelinkedtohowfastdopaminegoesbacktoanevenbalance,accordingtonewresearchfromtheUniversityofMissouri.Whathappenswhenwetakeanexam?Ifyoubecomestressed,yourbrainwillstarttooverloadondopamine.Itislikeacupoverflowingwithwater.Thequickeryouareabletogobacktoanevenbalanceofdopamine,thequickeryoucanconcentrate,helpingyouperformbetteronatest.Scientistsfoundthatduringatest,peoplewhoslowlygotbacktoanevenbalanceofdopaminescoredeightpercentlower.That’sthedifferencebetweenagoodgradeandabadgrade.Butdon’tfear—thereisgoodnewsforeverystudent.Thestudyalsofoundthatthemorepracticeyouget,thelessstressedyou’llbe.So,itturnsoutthatpracticereallydoesmakeperfect.1．Dopamineisachemicalinourbodythat________.A．weneedinordertothinkB．keepsourbrainsworkingC．sendssignalstothebrainD．putsusunderalotofpressure2．Whichareasdoesdopamineplayarolein?①rememberingthings

②gettingenoughrest③payingattentiontoteachers

④affectingthewaywelearnA．①②③ B．①③④ C．②③④ D．①②④3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“overload”mean?A．raisethepressureofsomethingB．stopsomethingfromhappeningC．causingproblemsforsomeoneD．havetoomany/muchofsomething4．Whydosomestudentsdobetterunderstress?A．Becausetheyproducelessdopaminethanothers.B．Becausetheycanbalancetheirdopaminemoreslowly.C．Becausetheycansendalotofdopaminetotheirbrains.D．Becausetheycanachieveabetterbalanceofdopaminequickly.二、阅读理解（23-24九年级下·江苏无锡·开学考试）Mostofthenewdiseaseswehumanshavefacedinthepastseveraldecadeshavecomefromanimals.Themorewecomeintocontactwithwildanimals,themoreweriskaso-calleddisease“spillover”fromanimalstohumans.“Aspeoplemoveandwildlifemoveinresponsetoachangingenvironment,humansandwildlifeandanimalswillcomeincontactmoreregularly,”saidJeanneFairfromtheLosAlamosNationalLaboratoryinNewMexico.Fairarguesthatbyshiftinganimalhabitats,climatechangewillalsomaketheopportunitiesfordiseasespillovermorefrequent(频繁的).“Everythingissortofshiftingandwillshiftintothefutureastheenvironmentchangesthroughclimatechange,”Fairsaid.Scientists,includingclimatologistsandepidemiologistsonFair’steamatLasAlamoe,arebeginningtomodelhowchangestotheclimatewillimpactthespreadofinfectiousdiseases.It’searlydaysforthiskindofresearch,butpreviousstudiessuggestthatextremeweatherhasalreadyplayedaroleinatleastoneoutbreak.Scientistssaydroughtanddeforestationhavecombinedtoforcebatsoutofrainforestsandintoorchards(果园)inMalaysiatofindfood.Thosebats,acommondiseasereservoir,thenpassedtheNipahvirusthroughpigstohumansforthefirsttimeinthelate1990s.“We’regoingbythepastdatatoreallypredictwhat’sgoingtohappeninthefuture,”Fairsaid.“Andso,anytimeyouincreasethatwildlife-humaninterface,that’ssortofanemergingdiseasehotspot.Andso,that’sjustincreasingaswegoforward.”JeffreyShaman,headoftheclimateandhealthprogramatColumbiaUniversity’spublichealthschool,argueswedon’tyetknowwhetherclimatechangewillcauseanetincreaseininfectiousdiseaseratesglobally.Forexample,mosquitoescarrydiseasethataffects(影响)millionsofpeopleacrosstheworldeveryyear.Astheirhabitatsexpandinsomepartsoftheworld,theymightcontractdiseaseselsewhere.Shamansayswhatweknowforcertainaboutclimatechangeisthatitwillmakeithardertopredictwherediseaseoutbreakswillpopup.5．HowdoesclimatechangeaffectthespreadofdiseaseaccordingtoFair?A．Bybreakinganimals’habits. B．Byincreasinganimals’numbers.C．Byimprovinganimals’breeding(繁殖). D．Bychanginganimals’livingenvironment.6．Whatistheexampleofbatsforinparagraph3?A．ExplainingtheinfluenceofNipahvirus.B．Provingtheharmofbatstohumanbeings.C．Showingtheeffectsofclimatechangeondisease.D．Presentingscientists’earlystudyaboutthecauseofdisease.7．Whatcanweinfer(推断)fromFair’swordsinparagraph4?A．Humansshouldgiveupstudyinganimals.B．Frequentcontactwithanimalscancausediseaseoutbreaks.C．Diseasehotspotswilldisappearifanimalsdieout.D．Pastdatacansolvetheproblemsinthefuture.8．Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ClimateChangeandDiseaseSpillover B．Animals’InteractionwithHumansC．Scientists’PredictionforDiseaseOutbreaks D．EarlyStudiesaboutExtremeWeather三、阅读理解（23-24九年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）Bigdata(大数据)isalotofsets(组)ofinformationthatareputtogether,sotheycanbeusedbyacomputerprogram.Theprogramlooksfordifferentkindsofanswersinthedata.Bigdatacanhavedifferentkindsofinformationfrommanysources(来源),suchasinformationthatcomesfromschools,socialmediasites,companiesandgovernments.Onesetofdatacanhavepeople’snamesandaddresses.Anothersetcanhavewhattheylike,wheretheygotoschool,andhowmuchtimetheyspendonthecomputer.Bigdatacanbeusedinmanyways.Thegovernmentusesittounderstandhowmanypeopletravelonbusesortrains.Thisinformationisthenusedtomakebusortrainsystemsbetter.Someschoolsusebigdatatounderstandwhichchildrenmayneedextrahelpinclass.Theteachercanthengivecertainstudentsmorehelporsupportsotheycansucceedinschool.Companiesusebigdata,too.Ithelpsthemunderstandwhobuystheirproducts.Forexample,onecompanyusesweatherdatatoseewhenpeopleeatthemosticecream.Bigdatacanbeusedforgoodreasons.Somehospitalsusebigdatatopredict(预测)ifababywhoisborntooearlywillgetsick.Thehospitalcanthentakeextraactiontotakecareofthatbaby,sothebabydoesnotgetsick.Bigdatacanalsobeusedforbadreasons.Itcanbeusedtopredictwhichkindsofpeoplearelikelytobreakthelaworhurtothers,eveniftheyhavenotdoneanythingwrong.9．WhatkindofinformationmaybeincludedinbigdatafromParagraph1?A．People’saddresses. B．People’splans. C．People’sminds. D．People’spersonalities.10．HowdoesthewritershowhisideasinParagraph2?A．Byshowingnumbers. B．Bygivingexamples.C．Bytellingstories. D．Bydrawingmindmaps.11．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”referto?A．Studentsatschool. B．Studentswhosucceedinschool.C．Somecertaintopstudents. D．Studentswhoneedmorehelpthanothers.12．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Bigdata,goodorbad? B．Bigdata—BesthelperC．Factsaboutbigdata D．Manysourcesofbigdata四、阅读理解（22-23九年级下·江苏盐城·期中）Aspoonofpickles(榨菜)cansometimesmakeamealtastebetter.Recently,anewtypeofpickleisbeingdiscussed:“digitalpickles”.Itreferstothevideosthatpeoplewatchwhileeatingthatmaketheirfoodseemtastier.Thetopicreceivedmorethan16millionclicksonSinaWeiboandabout100,000peoplejoinedinthediscussion.Insteadofhavingmealswithfriendsandfamilymembers,manyyoungpeopleinChinaarekeptcompanybyTVshowsorshortvideos.Manybelievethattheirfoodistastierwiththe“digitalpickles”.Canthishabitaffectyourdiet?Accordingtoarecentresearch,youmayeatmore!Theinternationalresearchteamasked62volunteerstofollowdifferenteatinghabitsduringfourdays,includingeatingwhilelookingatthemobilephone,readingmagazinesandwithoutdistraction(干扰).Theresultsshowedthatvolunteerswhoatewithadistractiontookinmuchmorecalorie(卡路里).Tofindoutthereason,theteamalsoinvitedtwogroupsofpeople:onegroupatewhilelisteningtoanaudioclip(音频剪辑)aboutanotherpersoneating,andtheotherlistenedtoaclipthatmadethemthinkaboutthefoodtheywereeating.Theresultsshowedthatthesecondgroupatelesssincetheyweremorefocusedontheirmeals.Wheneatingwiththe“digitalpickles”,ourattentioncanbedistracted.Wearelessabletonoticethatweareeatingmuch,whichleadstoeatingmorethanexpectedunconsciously.Thisworksnotonlyforaudiosandvideos,butotherdifficulttasksaswell.AnotherresearchprojectledbytheUniversityofSussex,UK,pointedoutthatactivitieswhichneedlotsofattention,trickmanypeopleintoovereating.Theteaminvited120peopletododifferenttaskswhileprovidingthemwithdrinksandsnacks.“Ourstudysuggeststhatifyou’reeatingordrinkingwhileyourattentionisdistractedbyaverydifficulttask,you’relesslikelytobeabletotellhowfullyoufeel,”oneoftheauthorsMartinYeomansexplained.13．Whatdo“digitalpickles”referto(指的是)accordingtothepassage?A．Anewtypeoftastyvegetables. B．Videospeoplewatchwhileeating.C．Electronicproductspopularonline. D．Digitalgamessuitableforfamilies.14．Whydopeopleeatmorewith“digitalpickles”accordingtothetext?A．Theyaremorefocusedontheirmeals. B．Theyaredistractedby“digitalpickles”.C．Thefoodtastesbetterwith“digitalpickles”. D．The“digitalpickles”makethemfeelhungrier.15．Whichhastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedword“unconsciously”inParagraph4?A．Unwillingly. B．Unusually. C．Unknowingly. D．Uncertainly.16．Whydoestheauthormentionadifferentstudyinthelastparagraph?A．Toexplainhowtodecideyouarefull. B．Todescribetheinfluenceof“digitalpickles”.C．Toshowhowtoavoidbeingdistracted. D．Togiveanothercasethatcausesovereating.五、阅读理解（23-24九年级上·江苏无锡·期末）Imagineanislandwherethereareagreaternumberofcatsthantherearepeople.Doesitsoundlikesomethingfromacartoonoramanga(日本漫画)story?WelcometoTashirojima,asmallislandinthePacificOceanoffthecoastofJapan.It’sagreatplacetobeacat.Notonlydoesthecatpopulationnumberinthethousands,muchlargerthantheisland’shumanpopulationofabout100,butthesecatsaretakencareofbybothlocalpeopleandtourists.TheJapaneselovecats.Therearecatshrines(神庙)alloverJapan.andmanyofthecountry’sfolktalesfeaturecatsaswell.___▲____?Atonetime,theisland’smainindustrywasfishing.Thefishingnetsweremadeofsilk,andthefishermenraisedsilkwormstoproducethesilkforthesenets.Theykeptcatsaroundtokillmice,whichwerethepredatorsofthesilkworms.Inordertogetfood.thecatswouldalsovisitthehotelswherethefishermenfromotherislandswouldbestaying.Thefishermenbecamefondofthecatsandstartedwatchingthemallthetime,thinkingthatthecats’actionscouldtellthemtheweatherorthemovementsofthefishintheocean.Astoryistoldthatoneday,afishermanwascollectingrockstoholddownhisfishingnetwhenoneoftherocksdroppedfromhishandsandaccidentallykilledacat.Thefishermanfeltsobadaboutitthatheburied(埋葬)thecatinthecenteroftheislandandbuiltashrinetocatsthere.TheshrineiscalledNeko-jinja,andbyleavingofferingsforthecatgod”,fishermenhopeforagoodcatchandfortheirsafety.WordsoonspreadaboutCatIsland,andtouristscametogethertoseeandplaywiththethousandsofcatsthatwouldwalkdowntheisland’sstreetsorsitonthedoorstepsofpeople’shomes.JapanesemangaartistShotaroIshinomoribuiltseveralmanga-relatedbuildingsontheisland,mostofwhichlookedlikecats.Thesedevelopedintoatouristattraction,withguestsstayinginthecat-shapedhouses.Sincethen,manymovies,televisionseriesanddocumentarieshavebeenmadeaboutTashirojima,whichhashelpedbringinevenmorevisitors.Sothenexttimeyouseeacatloverlookingforthe“purrfect”vacationspot,recommendtothematriptoTashirojima,Japan’sCatIsland.17．Whatinformationcanwegetfromthispassage?A．TheexactnumberofcatsonCatIsland. B．ThereasonwhyNeko-jinjiagotitsname.C．Themethodofbuildingcat-shapedhouses. D．Thematerialoffishingnetsinearliertimes.18．Whichofthefollowingsentencesisthemostsuitablefor___▲____?A．ButwherecanweseethemostcatsinJapan?B．ButhowdidTashirojimagettobeCatIsland?C．SowhydoJapanesepeoplelovecatssomuch?D．SowhobuiltthefirstcatshrineonTashirojima?19．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“predators”inparagraph3probablymean?A．enemies B．friends C．producers D．protectors20．What’sthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．TointroduceCatIslandinJapan. B．TotellusthehistoryofCatIsland.C．ToshowusthelifeofcatsinJapan. D．Toencouragepeopletoprotectcats.六、阅读理解（2024·陕西西安·三模）Recently,aresearchonhowanewvirtualrealityVR(虚拟现实)experienceeducatedchildrenaboutthefiredisasters(灾害)wasdone.ThenewVRexperiencewasdevelopedbytheUniversityofSouthAustralia,hopingtoeducatechildrentolearnhowtobesafeinafire.Itpresentsasituationforchildrenaged10-12.Inthesituation,theyaretaskedtolookafterafriend’sdogjustbeforeafireeventbegins.Theytakepartinasetofproblem-solvingactivitiestohelpsaveandprotectthemselvesandthedog.Thefindingsshowedthatover80%ofchildrencouldcalmlytelltheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofdifferentchoices.Theyalsolearnedtomakewisedecisionstoprotectthemselvesfromafire.Childrenthoughtitespeciallyimportantandmeaningful,because91%ofthemdidn’thaveknowledgeoffiresatthebeginning,and67%hadsaidthattheyweretooyoungtomakesafetydecisionsinafire.TheresearchersbelievedsuchVRexperiencesmadeitpossibletoengage,educateandempowertheyoung.“Aschildrenborninmoderntimes,theyareinterestedinsuchtechnologyandtheycanexperienceeventsinarealsituationyetwithinthesafeenvironment,”saidDeleneWeber,oneoftheresearchers.“Well-designedVRcanprovidechildrenwithsurprisinglyvaluablelearningtools.”Meanwhile,becausechildrenhavefewerlifeexperiences,aren’tasphysicallystrong,they’reoftenmostatrisk.However,therolethatchildrenplayinthefiresafetyattheirhomesshouldnotbeunderestimated(低估).“Childrendon’tneedtobealwayswaitingforhelpindisasters.WiththeseVRexperiences,wecanmakechildrenunderstandtherisksandrealizetheycanhelp,”saidWeber.21．What’sthepurposeofthenewVRexperience?

A．Todescribechildren’sreactionstofiredisasters.B．Toteachchildrentosavethemselvesinafire.C．Tointroducewaysofavoidingafiretochildren.D．Toincreasechildren’sinterestinVRexperiences.22．Fromthefindings,what’sthechildren’sattitude(态度)towardsthenewVRexperience?

A．Doubtful. B．Worried.C．Uncertain. D．Supportive.23．Whichofthefollowinginthedictionarybestexplainstheunderlinedword“engage”inPara.3?

engage/en'geɪdʒ/verbengaged,engaging.①todrawone’sattentionandkeeptheminterested②togivesomebodyajob③tobeginfightingwithsomebody④tofitonepartofamachineintoanothersotheycanworkA．① B．② C．③ D．④24．FromPara.3,wemainlygettoknowthe________ofthenewVRexperience.A．development B．advantagesC．quality D．introduction七、阅读理解（2024·山东泰安·一模）Imagineaperfectday:theweatherisgoodandeverythingseemsfine.When,suddenly,yourcellphonelosesitssignal,thetelevisionhasnoprograms,andyoucan’tgetonlinewithyourcomputer.Whathashappened?Thesearejustthetypesofproblemsasolar(太阳)stormmightcause.Itmaynotsoundasseriousasothernaturaldisasters,suchasearthquakes.Buttoday,asolarstormoftenputsoursocietyindanger.Asolarstormiscausedbysolarflares:largesuddenburningnearthesun.Itcangiveofflotsofenergy.Thestrongenergycanstopthesatellitesystems(系统)thatoperateourcomputers,telecomnetworksandsoon.Thesestormscanevencausethepowertogooutforweeksormonths.Inthepastfewmonths,scientistshaverecordedsomeofthestrongestsunflaresinyears.ThemostrecentonehappenedaroundValentine’sDay.ItcausedradioandsatellitesignalstogodowninsomenortherncitiesinChina.“Solarflareactivityisgoingtobemuchworsethanwhatwe’veseeninthepast.We’renottalkingaboutafewcitieslosingpower.Itcouldbehalfthecountry,maybemore.”SolarStormWarning.com,aUSwebsiteaboutspaceweather,warned.Expertssaythatlittlecanbedonetopredictsuchastorm.Governmentsaroundtheworldaretryingtoworktogetherbeforethenextstorm,althoughtheyarenotsurewhenthatmayhappen.25．Accordingtothearticle,howlongcanasolarstormcausepowercuts?A．Foryears. B．Forweeksormonths. C．Foraday. D．Forseveralhours.26．Accordingtothepassage,solarflaresare________.A．telecomputernetworks B．solarstormsC．largeexplosionsnearthesun D．theenergyofthesun27．Fromthepassage,therightorderofthefollowingis________.a.Solarflaresgiveofflotsofenergy.b.Peoplecan’tgetonlinewiththeircomputers.c.Solarstormshappen.d.Satellitesystemsarestopped.A．a-b-c-d B．c-b-a-d C．c-a-b-d D．a-c-d-b28．Thisarticlemainlytellsus________.A．somefactsaboutasolarstormB．howtopredictasolarstormC．theweatherisgoodandeverythingseemsfineonaperfectdayD．somethingaboutwhywecan’tgetonlinewithourcomputers八、阅读理解（2024·辽宁鞍山·二模）Perhapsmoneycansometimesbuyhappinessbuttherearealsomanyotherwaystomakeyouhappy.Youcanincreasethehappinessinyourlifewithinminutesbytakingmorenoticeofthingsthatmakeyouhappy.Herearesomeofthem.◆LifeIt’seasytoforgetaboutthefact—thatyouarealiveisitselfamiracle(奇迹).Astheoldsayinggoes“Everydayabovegroundisagoodday”.◆FriendshipAlmosteveryonehasfriends,althoughit’seasytolosenewsaboutthemintherushofevents.Today,takeafewminutestoreconnect(重新联系)withsomeofthem.◆FamilyIfyou’vegotagoodrelationshipwithyourfamily,enjoyit!You’reexperiencingoneofthedeepestsources(来源)ofhappinessontheplanet.◆Self-relianceFeelingsafetythatyoucandependonyourselftocompletewhatyousetouttocompletecreatesquietbutstronghappiness.◆LaughterItisimpossibletolaughandbesadatthesametime.Regulardosesoflaughteraremorethanmedicine.It’stheflavoroflife.◆GratitudeBethankfulforthewonderfulthingsalreadyinyourlife,insteadoffocusingonwhatyoudon’thaveorwhat’soutofreach.29．Howdoyouincreasethehappinessinyourlifeaccordingtothepassage?A．BychattingwithstrangersontheInternet.B．Bydependingonparentsallthetime.C．Byspendingalotoftimeshopping.D．Byreconnectingfriends.30．Howdoyouunderstandtheoldsaying“Everydayabovegroundisagoodday”?A．Thedaywhenyouarealiveisawonderfulday.B．Thedaywhenyoucanstandisawonderfulday.C．Thedaywhenyouaretravelingisawonderfulday.D．Thedaywhenyouaresmilingisawonderfulday.31．Whyisyourfamilyveryimportantinyourlife?A．Becauseyourparentsloveyouverymuch.B．Becauseyoucanalwaysdependonyourfamily.C．Becauseit’soneofthedeepestsourcesofhappiness.D．Becauseyoucan’talwaysstaywithyourfamily.32．Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．MoneyCanBuyHappiness B．TheWaystoMakeYourselfHappyC．TrytoMakeYourselfHappy D．LoveYourself;LoveLife九、阅读理解（2024·安徽合肥·一模）Recently,aresearchteamfromNanjingAgriculturalUniversityhasinventedXunzi,alargelanguagemodel(LLM)andXunziChatalongwithGulian,aleadingancientChinesetextpublisher.Whenaskedwhyheandhispartnersmadethelargelanguagemodel,WangDongbo,theleaderoftheresearchteam,explainedthat“traditionalChinesecharacters,thetop-to-downdesign,theabsenceofpunctuation(标点)arealldifficultiesthatreadershavetogetoverwhentheyreadtraditionaltexts”.TocreateXunzitheLLM,Wangandhispartnersfirstneededtodoalotofresearch.Since2013,histeamhasworkedhardtodigitizeChineseclassicsliketheSikuQuanshu.“Thehardworkincludesalargecorpus(语料库)oftwobillionChinesecharacters,whichisnecessaryforthelargelanguagemodel,”saidWang.Buttheireffortsseemtohavepaidoff.NowXunzitheLLMcanmark,translate,punctuate,andunderstandpartsofancientChinesetexts.Itcanevensearchforspecificinformation,suchasnames,events,andplacesfromatext.WangandhisteamhavesharedtheLLMonGitHubandotherwebsites,allowinguserstodownloadanduseitforfree.“WehopethiswillencouragemorepeopletoenjoythebeautyoftraditionalChineseculture,”Wangexplained.33．WhichisdifficulttoreadaccordingtoWangDongbo?A．B．C．D．34．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutXunzitheLLM?A．Alargecorpuscanbebuiltonit.B．Theteamhasputgreateffortsintoit.C．Wecangetinformationonitaswelike.D．ItwasdevelopedbyGulianandGitHub.35．Whatdoes“this”referto?A．Readingmoderntexts. B．Searchingforinformation.C．SharingtheLLMforfree. D．Publishingtextsonwebsites.36．What’sthebesttitle?A．Uncoverancienttexts B．DevelopreadingabilityC．EnjoyChineseculture D．InventChinesecharacters十、阅读理解（2024·陕西西安·一模）It’scommonknowledgethatspidersusetheirwebs(网)tocatchinsects.However,somespidershavedevelopedotherusesfortheirwebs.OnesuchspideristheEuropeanwaterspider,whichusesitswebtobreatheunderwater.TheEuropeanwaterspiderspendsmostofitslifeunderwater.Itgivesbirthtoababy,caresforitsyoung,andfeedsoninsectsunderwater.Sinceitneedstobreathe,thespidercarefullykeepstheairinsideitsweb.Thisiswhatallowsittostayunderwaterforalongtime.Thewebislikeaballoonwithaholeinthebottom(底部).This“balloon”keepstheairinsideandallowsthespidertogetinandoutthroughthebottomtocatchnearbyinsects.Infact,thewaterspider’swebworksmuchthesameasadivingbell,anearlykindofsubmarine(潜水艇).Divingbellswerelargebellssuppliedwithairfromahose(软管)runningtothewater’ssurface.Theairkeptthewaterfromfillingupthebell,andpeoplecouldgoinandoutthroughtheopenbottom.Becauseofthisquality,waterspidersaresometimesknownas“divingbellspiders”.Althoughtheweballowsthewaterspidertostayunderwaterforalongtime,sometripstothesurfacearenecessary.Whenthewebneedsmorefreshair,thespiderpushesthewebandletstheoldairgoout.Then,itswimstothesurfacetocollectsmallfreshairbubbles(气泡)andkeepstheminthehairsonitsstomachandlegs.Finally,itgoesbackdowntofillthewebagain.37．Thewriterstartsthepassageby________.A．givinganexample B．tellingastoryC．listingsomenumbers D．askingsomequestions38．Theunderlinedword“suppliedwith”means“________”inParagraph3.A．afraidof B．tiredof C．emptyof D．fullof39．Inwhichparagraphcanyouknowwhatwaterspidersdoformorefreshair?A．Paragraph3. B．Paragraph2. C．Paragraph4. D．Paragraph1.40．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Differentkindsofspiders. B．Aspecialspiderweb.C．Anearlykindofsubmarine. D．Thewonderfulunderwaterworld.十一、阅读理解（23-24九年级下·江苏泰州·开学考试）①Asmileshowsthatapersonishappy.Forexample,apersonmaysmilewhenheispleasedwithagradeonatest.Orapersonmightsmileifafriendtoldafunnyjoke.Peoplesmileformanydifferentreasons.Butsmilesaremorethanjustawayforpeopletoshowthattheyarehappy.Thereareothergoodreasonstosmileoften.②First,itiseasiertosmilethantoshowunhappiness.Infact,itonlytakes17muscles(肌肉)tosmile.Butittakes43musclestoshowunhappiness.Sogivethemusclesinyourfacearestandsmile!③Second,smilesarenice.Peoplemaytrytolookniceontheoutsidebywearingniceclothes.However,thereisafamoussaying:_________.Thatisbecauseitiseasytobearoundsomeonewhoissmilingandhappy.Almostnoonewantstobearoundsomeonewhoisunhappyallthetime.④Third,smilesarehelpful.Bothsmilingandlaughingcanquicklyspreadfromonepersontoanother.Ifonepersonsmiles,peoplearoundhimwanttosmile,too.Similarly,whenapersonlaughs,peopletend(倾向)tolaughwithhim.Ifapersonissad,thebestthingtodoistoshareasmileorlaugh.Itistheeasiestandcheapestwaytocheersomeoneup.Usuallynobodywouldliketoturndowntheinvitationwhichisofferedbyapersonwithasmile.⑤Finally,smilingandlaughingareverygoodforthebody.Evenifyouaremadorsad.trysmiling.You’llfindthatitwillbehardtostaymadorsadforverylong41．Whichofthefollowingsentencescanbeputinthe_______inParagraph③?A．Lifewithoutsmilesislikeaspringwithoutflowers.B．Ifyousmileatlife,lifewillsmileatyou.C．Smileisthemostbeautifullanguageintheworld.D．Asmileisthebestthingapersoncanwear.42．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“turndown”meanmostpossibly?A．Accept. B．Receive. C．Refuse. D．Share.43．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．Smilinghasnothingtodowithhealth.B．Smilinghelpspeoplechangetheirunhappyfeelings.C．Thebestwaytocomfort(安慰)someoneistoshareyourownstory.D．Peoplewhowearsmileslookmorepolitethanthosewhodon't.44．Howisthetextorganized?(①=Paragraph1,②=Paragraph2,...)A．B．C．D．45．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthistext?A．Thepowerofsmiling. B．Theimportanceofhappiness.C．Differentwaysofsmiling. D．Waysofmakingpeoplehappy.十二、阅读理解（23-24九年级上·江苏泰州·期末）①Anewstudyhasshownhowthecolourofabowlcaninfluencethetasteofthefooditholds.②Althoughitishardtosaywhatapickyeater(挑食的人)islike,thetypemayincludepeoplewhohavealimiteddiet,whohavestronglikesordislikesforcertainfood,whorequirefoodtobepreparedinaspecialway,whoaren’twillingtoacceptnewfood,orwhoshowsignsofallthesefeatures.③Accordingtothisnewstudy,foodwasputintotwogroupsinred,blue,orwhitebowls.Whilethecolourmadenodifferenceintastefornon-pickyeaters,thepickyeatersreportedchangesintheirtastesensesbasedonthecolourofthebowlbeingused.Snacksinredandbluebowlswerethoughttohavemoresaltthanthoseinwhitebowls,whilesnacksinredbowlswe