北京市石景山区2023-2024学年高一下学期期末英语检测试题 (1)（附答案）

北京市石景山区2023-2024学年高一下学期期末英语检测试题第一部分:知识运用（共两节,30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Yesterday,whenIwasonthewaytomyoffice,Isawabusker（街头艺人）,withahatinfrontofhim.Ihadsome1inmypocket,butIwouldnotgivethemtohim,thinkingtomyselfhewouldonlyusethemoneytofeedhisaddictionto（对…成瘾）drugsoralcohol.He2likethattype—youngandragged.3whatwasIgoingtospendthemoneyon?Onlytofeedmyaddictiontosmokingorchocolate!Ithen4Ihadnorighttoplacemyselfabovehimjustbecausehewasbusking.Istoppedanddroppedallthecoinsintohis5.Iwatchedforawhile,expectingsomethingtocomefromthatmoment—afeelingof6orsatisfaction,forexample.Butnothinghappened.7,Iwalkedoff.“Itprovedtobeawasteofmoney,”Ithought.Onmywayhomeattheendofthe8,Isawthebuskeragainandhewaspackingup.Iwatchedhimwalkaroundacafecounter.Therehepouredthe9contentsintoaboxcollectingforanearthquakefund-raisingevent.Hewasbuskingforcharity（慈善）!Thatmomentchangedme.NowIdonateanychangeIhavetocharityboxesandIenjoythefeelingof10.1.A.chocolatesB.coinsC.cigarettesD.drugs2.A.lookedB.actedC.soundedD.smelt3.A.ThoughB.ForC.ThereforeD.But4.A.declaredB.expectedC.realizedD.guessed5.A.boxB.hatC.pocketD.counter6.A.happinessB.sadnessC.loveD.hate7.A.DisappointedlyB.UnfortunatelyC.CoincidentallyD.Comfortably8.A.momentB.breakC.dayD.event9.A.chiefB.basicC.actualD.total10.A.missingB.relaxingC.dreamingD.giving第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ATheTempleofHeavenisamagnificentcomplexoffineculturalbuildingssetlocated11thesouthernpartofBeijing.Ithasbeenoneofthemostsignificant12（place）forthewholecountryformorethanfivecenturies.It13（serve）asacomplexofsacrificialbuildingsfortheMingandQingemperors,andisthe14（large）oneinBeijingamongseveralroyalsites.BMymotherisanordinarywoman,butshealwaystriesherbesttodealwiththings15（perfect）.Withanoptimisticattitude,shealwaysthinksofothersfirst16nevercomplainsofanythinginherlife.Asateacher,shehasagoodsenseofhumorandmakesherstudentsinterestedinstudy.Sheshowsgreatpatiencetothosenaughtyones,17alsogivegreatcommentsonherinreturn.CNowadays,peopleincitytypicallygettheirmealsbyopeninganapp,placinganorder,and18（wait）forthefoodtobedeliveredrighttotheirdoorstep—thisis19citypeopleeatinChinathesedays.RecentfiguresfromtheChinaInternetNetworkInformationCenterrevealthat421millionChineseindividualsuseonlinefooddeliveryservices.Thisnumber20（represent）halfofthecountry’stotalinternetuserbase.第二部分:阅读理解（共两节,38分）第一节（共14小题;每小题2分,共28分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADoyouwanttogethomefromworkknowingyouhavemadearealdifferenceinsomeone’slife?Ifyes,don’tcareaboutsexorage!Comeandjoinus,thenyou’llmakeit!Position:VolunteerSocialCareAssistant（NoPaywithFreeMeals）Place:ManchesterHours:PartTimeWearenowlookingforvolunteerstosupportpeoplewithlearningdisabilitiestoliveactivelives!Only4daysleft.Don’tmissthechanceoflendingyourwarmhandstohelpothers!Role:Youwillprovidepeoplewithlearningdisabilitieswithallaspectsoftheirdailylives.Youwillhelpthemtodevelopnewskills.Youwillhelpthemtoprotecttheirrightsandtheirsafety.Butyourprimaryconcernistoletthemknowtheyarevalued.SkillsandExperienceRequired:Youwillhavetherightvaluesandgreatlisteningskills.Youwillbehonestandpatient.YouwillhavetheabilitytodriveacarandtocommunicateinfluentwrittenandspokenEnglishsinceyou’llhavetohelpthosepeoplewithdifferentlearningdisabilities.Previouscare-relatedexperiencewillbeagreatadvantageforyou.21.Thetextismeantto______.A.presentadocumentB.carryanadvertisementC.leaveanoteD.sendaninvitation22.Thevolunteers’primaryresponsibilityistohelppeoplewithlearningdisabilities______.A.togetsomefinancialsupportB.toproperlyprotectthemselvesC.tolearnsomenewlivingskillsD.torealizetheirownimportance23.Whichofthefollowingcanfirstbechosenasavolunteer?A.Theonewhocandriveacar.B.TheonewhocancommunicateinEnglish.C.Theonewhohasdonesimilarworkbefore.D.Theonewhohaspatiencetolistentoothers.BAndyrodeslowlytoschool,daydreamingaboutthefishingtriphisfatherhadpromised.Hewassoabsorbedinhisthoughtsthathedidn’tnoticeanythingaroundhim.Herodealonguntilastrangesounddrewhimtothepresent.Hecametoastopandlookedcuriouslyuptotheheavens.Whathesawshockedandterrifiedhim.Ahugeswarmofbeesfilledtheskylikeablackcloudandthebuzzingmassseemedtobeheadingangrilytowardshim.Withnotimetowaste,Andyspedoffintheoppositedirection,ridingfuriously—butwithoutknowinghowtoescapetheswarm.Witharapidlybeatingheartandhislegspumpingfuriously,hespeddowntheroughroad.Asthebeescamecloser,hispanicincreased.Andyknewthathewassensitivetobeestings（蜇）.Thelaststinghadlandedhiminhospital—andthatwasonlyonebeesting!Hehadbeenforcedtostayinbedfortwowholedays.Suddenly,hisfather’swordscametohim.“Whenyouareinatightsituation,don’tpanic.Useyourbrainandthinkyourwayoutofit.”HesawsmokerisingfromthechimneyoftheNelsonfamilyhomeonanearbyhillandrememberedthatbeesdislikesmoke.However,herealizedhecouldn’treachthehouseintime.Then,hespottedasmalldamusedbyMr.Nelsontoirrigate（灌溉）hisgarden.Withouthesitating,Andyjumpedoffhisbikeanddivedintothecoolwater,sinkingbelowthesurfacetoescapethebees.Whenhefinallycameupforair,thebeesweregone.Exhausted,Andyclimbedoutofthedam,struggledupthehill,andrangtheNelsons’doorbell.Mrs.Nelsonbroughthiminsideandcalledhismother.Relieved,hismothersaid,“You’llreallyneedthatfishingbreaktohelpyourecover.Thankgoodnessyoudidn’tpanic!”ButAndywasalreadylostinhisdreamaboutcatchingfishthenextday.24.WhydidAndyfailtonoticetheswarmofbeesearlier?A.Hewaslostinthethoughtofthefishingtrip.B.Hewasgoingfishingwithhisfather.C.Hewaslisteningtoastrangesound.D.Hewasridingtoschoolquickly.25.WhywasAndyparticularlyafraidofthebees?A.Hehadneverseenbeesbefore.B.Hethoughtbeeswerealittlebitpoisonous.C.Hewasespeciallyafraidofthesmallinsects.D.Hehadbeenhospitalizedfromastingbefore.26.HowdidAndyavoidthebeesintheend?A.HeaskedMr.Nelsonforhelp.B.Hehidhimselfunderthewater.C.HerushedintotheNelsonhouse.D.Herodeoffintheoppositedirection.27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeAndy’sescapefromthebees?A.Nopains,nogains.B.Oncebitten,twiceshy.C.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.D.Intimeofdanger,one’smindworksfast.CMoneywithnostringsattached.It’snotsomethingyouseeeveryday.ButatUnionStationinLosAngeleslastmonth,aboardwentupwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasignthatread,“GiveWhatYouCan,TakeWhatYouNeed.”Peoplequicklycaughton.Andwhilemanytookdollars,manyotherspinnedtheirowncashtotheboard.“Peopleofallages,races,andsocio-economic（社会经济的）backgroundsgaveandtook,”saidTylerBridgesofTheToolbox,whichcreatedtheproject.“Weevenhadabrideinherweddingdresscomeuptotheboardandtakeafewdollars.”Mostofthebillsontheboardweresingles,butafewpeopleleftfives,tensandeventwenties.Thevideoclip（片段）showsonemanwhohadfounda$20billandpinnedittotheboard.“WhatIcansayforthefolksthatgavethemost,isthattheywerefullofsmiles,”Bridgessaid.“There’sacertainfeelingthatgivingcandoforyouandthatwasapparentinthosethatgavethemost.”Mostpeoplewhotookdollarstookonlyafew,butBridgessaidaverysmallnumbertookasmuchastheycould.Whiletheclipmightlooklikepartofanewadcampaign,Bridgessaidtheonlygoalwastoshowgenerosityandsympathy.HeaddedthathehopespeopleinothercitiesmighttrysimilarprojectsandposttheirownvideosontheInternet.“Afterall,everyonehasbaddaysandgooddays,”hesaid.“Somedaysyouneedahelpinghandandsomedaysyoucanbetheonegivingthehelpinghand.”28.Whatdoestheexpression“moneywithnostringsattached”inparagraph1mean?A.Moneyspentwithouthesitation.B.Moneynotlegallymade.C.Moneyofferedwithoutconditions.D.Moneynottiedtogether.29.WhatdidBridgeswanttoshowbymentioningthebride?A.Womentendedtobemoresociable.B.Theactivityattractedvariouspeople.C.Economicproblemsweregettingworse.D.Youngcouplesneededfinancialassistance.30.WhydidBridgescarryouttheproject?A.Topromotekindnessandsympathy.B.Toearnhimselfagoodreputation.C.Toraisemoneyforhiscompany.D.Todoatestonpeople’smorals.DThepracticeofstudentsendlesslycopyinglettersandsentencesfromablackboardisathingofthepast.Withthecomingofnewtechnologieslikecomputersandsmartphones,writingbyhandhasbecomesomethingofanostalgic（怀旧的）skill.However,whiletoday`seducatorsareusingmoreandmoretechnologyintheirteaching,manybelievebasichandwritingskillsarestillnecessaryforstudentstobesuccessful—bothinschoolandinlife.VirginiaBerninger,professorofeducationalpsychologyattheUniversityofWashington,saysit’simportanttocontinueteachinghandwritingandhelpchildrenacquiretheskillofwritingbyhand.Berningerandhercolleaguesconductedastudythatlookedattheabilityofstudentstocompletevariouswritingtasks—bothonacomputerandbyhand.Thestudy,publishedlastyear,foundthatwhenwritingwithapenandpaper,participantswrotelongeressaysandmorecompletesentencesandhadafasterwordproductionrate.Inamorerecentstudy,Berningerlookedatwhatrolespellingplaysinastudent’swritingskillsandfoundthathowwellchildrenspellistiedtohowwelltheycanwrite.“Spellingmakessomeofthethinkingpartsofthebrainactive,whichhelpsusaccessourvocabulary,wordmeaningandconcepts.Itisallowingourwrittenlanguagetoconnectwithideas,”Berningersaid.“Spellinghelpsstudentstranslateideasintowordsintheirmindfirstandthentotranscribe（转换）thosewordsinthemindintowrittensymbolsonpaperorkeyboardandscreen,”thestudysaid.“Seeingthewordsinthe“mind’seye”helpschildrennotonlytoturntheirideasintowords,”saysBerninger,“butalsotospot（发现）spellingmistakeswhentheywritethewordsdownandtocorrectthemovertime.”“Inourcomputerage,somepeoplebelievethatwedon’thavetoteachspellingbecausewehavespellchecks,”shesaid.“Butuntilachildhasafunctionalspellingabilityofaboutafifthgradelevel,theywon’thavetheknowledgetochoosethecorrectspellingamongtheoptionsgivenbythecomputer.”31.Whatmakeswritingbyhandathingofthepast?A.Thelackofpracticeinhandwriting.B.Theincreasinguseofblackboardsinclassrooms.C.Theuseofnewtechnologieslikecomputersandsmartphones.D.Thebeliefthathandwritingskillsareunnecessaryforsuccess.32.Whichofthefollowingbestshowstheroleofspelling?A.Spellingimprovesone’smemoryofwords.B.Spellingabilityiscloselyrelatedtowritingability.C.Spellingbenefitsthetranslationfromwordsintoideas.D.Spellingslowsdownfindingexactwordstoexpressideas.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression“mind’seye”inParagraph5mean?A.Window.B.Spirit.C.Imagination.D.Picture.34.Whatconclusioncouldbedrawnfromthepassage?A.Handwritingstillhasaplaceintoday’sclassrooms.B.Spellcheckscantaketheplaceofspellingteaching.C.Computerscanhelppeoplewiththeirchoiceofwords.D.Functionalspellingabilitydevelopsfastinthefifthgrade.第二节（共5小题;每小题2分,共10分）根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。EasyWaystoKeepYourBrainSharpEveryoneisforgetful,butasweage,westarttofeellikeourbrainsareslowingdownabit—andthatcanbeaveryannoyingthing.35Readonforsometechniquesworthtrying.36Peoplewhoregularlymadeplansandlookedforwardtoupcomingeventshada50percentreducedchanceofAlzheimer`sdisease（早老性痴呆症）,accordingtoarecentstudy.37Somethingassimpleassettingagoaltohaveaweeklycoffeedatewithafriendwilldo.There’sevidencethatpeoplewhohaveapurposeinlifeorwhoareworkingonlongorshort-termgoalsappeartodobetter.Inotherwords,keepyourbrainlookingforward.Goforawalk.Mildlyraisedglucose（葡萄糖）levelscanharmtheareaofthebrainthathelpsyouformmemoriesandphysicalactivitycanhelpgetbloodglucosedowntonormallevels.Infact,exerciseproduceschemicalsthataregoodforyourbrain.38Learnsomethingnew.Takeanishclassonline,joinadrawingclub,orlearntoplaycards.Astudyfoundthatmentalstimulation（刺激）limitstheweakeningeffectsofagingonmemoryandthemind.Butthebestthingforyourbrainiswhenyoulearnsomethingnewandarephysicallyactiveatthesametime.39Orgodancingwithyourfriends.A.Focusonthefuture.B.Thiscanbeespeciallyharmfultotheaged.C.Itshouldbesomethinglikelearninggardening.D.Sotakeafewminuteseachdaytodosomereading.E.Butdon’tworryifyourscheduleisn’tfilledwithlife-changingevents.F.Luckily,researchshowsthereisalotyoucandotoavoidthosemoments.G.Inotherwords,whenyoutakecareofyourbody,youtakecareofyourbrain.第三部分:书面表达（共两节,32分）第一节（共4小题;第1-2题每小题2分,第3题3分,第4题5分,共12分）阅读下面短文,根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息,完成对该问题的回答。AshleyPower’smotherboughtacomputerforherwhenshewaseight.Whenshewasthirteen,shewassurfingtheInternetregularly,butshecouldn’tfindanywhereforteenagerstomeetandtalk.Andonedayshethought,“IfIhadmyownwebsite,I’dmakeitareallyinterestingsiteforteenagers.”So,whenAshleywassixteen,shelaunchedherownwebsite,calledGooseHead.Shehadnoideahowbigasuccessitwouldbe,butthreeyearslater,thesitewasthemostsuccessfulteensiteintheUSA!Itwasgetting100,000hitseveryday,andAshleyhadabout30employees.Afterafewyears,thewebsitecloseddown.ThenAshley,wholivesinLosAngeles,wasaskedtowriteabookcalledTheGooseHeadGuidetoLife.Thebookisabouthowtodesignawebsiteandstartabusiness.Itbeginswithasectioncalled“AllAboutAshley”,whereAshleytellsreaderswhatitisliketobethebossofacompanywhenyouareonlysixteen.“Iwassohappy.Butitwascrazyinalotofways,Igotverystressed.Imean,Iwasonlysixteen—Ididn’tevenhaveacar!Ifyouweresixteenandyouhadyourowncompany,you’dbestressed,too!”InaninterviewAshleygaveadvicetoteenagerswhowantedtostarttheirownbusiness,“Justbestrongandhaveyourdreamsandworkhardatthem.Anddon’tlistenwhenpeopletellyouthatyoucan’tdoit,becauseIheard‘no’alot.Justkeepgoinguntilyouhear‘yes’!”40.WhendidAshleycreateGooseHead?41.WhatdidAshleydoafterGooseHeadcloseddown?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.➢StartingacompanybroughtAshleynotonlyhappiness,butalsostressduetothelackofsupportfromherfamily.43.WillyoutaketheadvicegivenbyAshley?Whyorwhynot?（In