新教材2021-2022学年英语北师大版选择性必修第二册练习：Unit 2 Starting out 与 Understanding ideas

四Unit2Startingout&Understanding

ideas

------------语用训练----------

I.根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词

1.Thestudentsarenowaskedtowearmaskswhileatclassroomfortheir

security（安全）.

2.ShestartedstudyingEnglishatcollege,butswitched（改变）to

Businessinhersecondyear.

3.Theteacheroftentakesmeasurestomotivate（激励）hisstudentsto

workhardandefficiently.

4.Theprogramwilloccupy（占用）thathalf-hourperiodbeforethenine

o'clocknews.

5.YoucanpostyourrelationshipconditiononyourFacebookprofile（概

况）.

6.Thefilmmanagedtodistract（分散）mefromtheseproblemsfora

while.

7.Aftergraduation,theyoungmanconstantly（持续不断地）writes

articlesfortheonlinemedia.

8.Theschoolprovidespapertowels（毛巾）forthechildrentodrytheir

handson.

9.Youneedapasswordtogetaccess（接触的机会）tothecomputer

system.

10.Thepeopleontheislandrelied（依赖）onthesuppliesthatwere

broughtfromthemainland.

n.选词填空

switchon,onreflection,missout,throwinthetowel,have

accessto,relyon,beoccupiedwith,pickup,upto,givein

1.Thebossrefusedatfirst,butonreflection,herealizedtheoffer

wasperfectactually.

2.Rorydidnotswitchonalight,butwalkedtothewindowandpulled

backthecurtains.

3.Studentsmusthaveaccesstogoodresources.

4.Thesuccessofthefightagainstthediseasereliesoneveryonemaking

aneffort.

5.AtthattimeIwasoccupiedwithtakingcareofmyelderlymother.

6.Wedidn'thaveaTVathomewhenIwasyoung,andIfeltasthough

Imissedout.

7.Jimbeatmeforthefourthtimeinthegame,soIthrewinthe

towel.

8.Theargumentwentonforhoursbecauseneithersidewouldgivein.

9.Theantwillpickuptheseedandcarryitaway.

10.Saversareavailableforchildrenupto16yearsold,over60sand

full-timestudents.

m.完成句子

1.1liketosleepwiththewindowsopen.

我喜欢开着窗户睡觉。

2.Shehadtostrugglenottogiveintoadesiretolaugh.

她不得不努力不让自己笑出来。

3.Hemaybebusy.Ifso.I'llcalllater.

他可能很忙，如果是这样的话，我晚点再打电+话。

4.Keepingthesehabitshelpsreducetheriskofheartdisease.

保持这些习惯有助于降低患心脏病的风险。

5.Greenisacolorthat/whichstandsforthehopeandjoyofspring.

绿色是代表春天的希望和欢乐的颜色。

IV.结合课文主题使用本单元词汇与句型，根据提示写一篇80词左

右的短文

1.青少年们往往对于网络安全(security)问题不是非常重视。

2.他们总是忙于(occupy)上网，发帖子，或者更新自己的个人概况

(profile)o

3.有的时候，他们持续不断地(constantly)使用社交媒体，每天几乎长

达(upto)几个小时。

4.更糟糕的是，他们中的一些人会接触到(access)一些虚假的新闻。

5.这种过于依赖(relyon)社交媒体的生活对于他们来说是不利的。

6.他们应该远离来自网上的不好的消息并且使网络成为他们生活中

一种有用的工具。

Teenagersoftenpavlittleattentiontotheproblemofnetwork

security.Firstofall,theytendtooccupythemselvesinsurfingthe

Internet,posting,orupdatingtheirpersonalprofilesonthe

Internet.Inaddition,thevusesocialmediaconstantlyuptoafew

hoursaday.Tomakemattersworse,someofthemmayhaveaccess

tosomenewsthatmaybefake.Thefactthattheyrelytoomuchonthe

socialmediaisharmfultothem.Thevshouldkeepawayfromthebad

newsfromtheInternetandtrytomaketheInternetakindofuseful

toolintheirlife.

------------主题阅读-----------

I.阅读理解

A

（2021・武汉高二检测）

Inourdailylives,weprobablymakesillymistakes.Whilethese

momentscanbeworrying,theycanalsobehandledwithhumor.

Whenwesharealaughatourmistakes,wecancalmourselvesdown

withathreadofunderstandingandacceptance.

Whenonemorninginarushtoschool,Ispilled（泼洒）mycupof

orangejuice.IimmediatelythoughtofthepreciousminutesIwouldhave

tospendincleaningupthefloor.Iracedbackandforthtothesink（洗碗

槽）withakitchenclothsoaked（浸透）withjuicetowashoff.Mylegs

wereshakingasIwatchedfrommywindowtheschoolbuscomingtomy

street.Withinaminute,Ihadthrowntheorangejuice-soakedclothto

thesinkandranoutsidetojointhegroupofkidsinenteringthebus.

Whenthinkingaboutmymorningrushtocleanupthespilledjuiceon

thebus,IrealizedhowmuchunnecessarystressandworryIputmyself

through.Iendedupsmilingtomyselfaboutmyminornervousnessover

spilledjuice.

ThesedaysIdon/tusuallyspillorangejuice,butIdosometimes

spillabitofspaghettisauceonmypantorputonmysweaterbackwards

whenI'mreallytiredandinahurryforschool.Ineachofmymistakes,I

trytoremindmyselfnottotakemyselfsoseriously.Ittakesmeaminute

tocalmdown,takeadeepbreathandsmileatmycarelessness.Itis

theabilitytoseemistakesinadifferentwaythatenablesmetofind

humorineverydaymoments.

Humor,however,doesn/talwayshavetoarisefromsilly

mistakes.Kidsmayhaveagoodlaughatcomicbooks,classicjokesand

storiestoldbyfriendsandparents.Whatmattersmoreisnotwhereyou

findthehumorinlife,butthatyoucanappreciateit.

【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。在生活中，我们总是会犯这样或那样

的错误，我们应该怎么对待这种情况呢？作者结合个人的经历告诉

我们，幽默可以使我们正确对待错误并使自己保持快乐。

1.Whenwemakemistakesinourdailylives,we.

A.shouldtreatthemproperly

B.maytrytoenjoyourselves

C.mustknowthevalueofthem

D.hadbetterforgetthemintime

选推理判断题。根据文章第一段可知，在我们的日常生活中，我

Ao

们可能会犯愚蠢的错误。虽然这些时刻可能令人担忧，但也可以用幽

默来处理。当我们为自己的错误而开怀大笑时，我们可以通过理解和

接受来让自己冷静下来。由此可知，我们应该正确地看待自己所犯的

错误。故选A项。

2.WhatdidtheauthordobeforegoingtoschoolinParagraph2?

A.Hepreparedbreakfastbusily.

B.Hehadsomeclotheswashed.

C.Hemadeacupoforangejuice.

D.Hedidsomecleaningathome.

选细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句和第三句可知，我立刻想

Do

到我必须花几分钟来清理地板。我拿着一块浸透了果汁的厨房布，跑

到水池边去洗。由此可知，在上学之前作者做了一些清洗工作。故选

D项。

3.WecanlearnfromParagraph3thattheauthor.

A.makesmanymistakesnowthethen

B.triestokeephimselfcalmwithhumor

C.hasbeenusedtobeingbusyeveryday

D.alwaysmakesotherpeoplearoundhappy

选细节理解题。根据文章第三段后两句可知，我花了一分钟的时

Bo

间冷静下来，深吸一口气，对自己的粗心微笑。用不同的方式看待错

误的能力使我能在日常生活中找到幽默。由此可知，作者用幽默安慰

自己，让自己镇定下来。故选B项。

4.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?

A.Weshouldtrytofindwherehumorlies.

B.Wecanbehappybyenjoyinghumor.

C.Itisnaturalforustomakemistakes.

D.Readingisagoodhabitforeveryperson.

选推理判断题。根据文章最后一段

Bo"Whatmattersmoreisnotwhere

youfindthehumorinlife,butthatyoucanappreciateit."（重要的不

是你在哪里发现生活的幽默，而是你能欣赏它。）可知，作者认为，更

重要的是我们要会欣赏幽默，才能生活得快乐。故选B项。

B

Everywherewelook,wearesurroundedbytechnology.We

heavilyrelyontechnologyforourday-to-daylives.Therearethesocial

mediaapps,suchasFacebook,Twitter,whereweareabletosee

intothelivesofeveryonearoundus.Thereareothermoreusefulapps

likeGoogleMapswhereyoucanuseaGPStogetfromoneplaceto

another.Itisnowonderthatweareconstantlylookingdownatour

phonesandotherdevices.And,thatisaproblem.

Prettysoon,Ifearthatpeoplewillnolongerbeableto

communicatefacetoface.Ipersonallylovebeingabletositdownand

haveaconversationwithsomeonesanscellphonesanddistractions.It

showsthatyoucareaboutwhoyouaretalkingtoandwanttoinvolve

andlistentothem.Thecellphonecanwaituntillater.

WhatIreallydislikeisthatyoungerandyoungerchildrenareusing

technology.Insteadofplayingoutsidewithfriends,theyareplayingon

iPads,iPods,orvideogames.Insteadofhavinglittlegamesorbooks,

childrennowhaveelectronicdevicestousetodistractthemevenif

waitingatdoctors'appointmentsetc.Theywantcellphonesatyoung

ages.Theyhavetexting.Ioverheardsixthgradersonedaytalkingabout

texting,andIwasalittlesad.Atthatage,Ihadtocallmyfriendson

thephoneinordertotalktothem.

Weareasocietybasedontechnology.And,thatisn/tacompletely

badthing,givenitsuseinareassuchasmedicine.Butweshouldn/tbe

addictedtosomanyofthesedevicesthatweforgettolookaroundand

seewhatishappeningintheworldaroundus.

【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。作者提出了在日常生活中人们严重

地依赖高科技产品的现象，并表达自己的观点：不要沉迷于电子产

品。

5.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Sometechproductsleaveusunabletofocus.

B.Socialmediaappsmakepeoplemorevisible.

C.Manypeopleusuallymisusesocialmediaapps.

D.Technologyprovidesuswithaconvenientlife.

选A。推理判断题。从第一段中wearesurroundedbytechnology和

Weheavilyrelyontechnology以及weareconstantlylookingdownat

ourphonesandotherdevices可知，这些电子设备分散了人们的注意

力。故选A项。

6.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword"sans"inParagraph2?

A.Inneedof.B.Without.

C.Inspiteof.D.With.

选词义猜测题。根据第二段

BoIpersonallylovebeingabletositdown

andhaveaconversationwithsomeone可知，作者个人喜欢能够坐下

来和人面对面交谈。以及Thecellphonecanwaituntillater可知，交谈

时没有手机和其他的干扰。故选B项。

7.What'stheauthor/sattitudetowardsusingtechnologyinmedicine?

A.Indifferent.B.Opposed.

C.Concerned.D.Supportive.

选推理判断题。根据第四段

Dothatisn'tacompletelybadthing,given

itsuseinareassuchasmedicine可知，作者对高科技在医学方面的应

用持支持的态度。故选D项。

8.Whatdoestheauthorreallywanttoshowinthepassage?

A.Weshouldtakeastepbackfromconstantlyusingtechnology.

B.Theelectronicdevicesarecloselyconnectedwithourlife.

C.Societyshouldnolongerbebasedontechnology.

D.Weshouldsaygoodbyetoelectronicdevices.

选推理判断题。分析文章结构可知，文章第一段引出问题：人们

Ao

过多地使用电子设备；在第二、三段作者谈及了自己对现状的看法;

第四段作者提出观点weshouldn'tbeaddictedtosomanyofthese

devices,作者觉得我们不能如此依赖电子设备。

教师专用©【阅读多维训练】句式分析

Whenthinkingaboutmymorningrushtocleanupthespilledjuiceon

thebus,IrealizedhowmuchunnecessarystressandworryIputmyself

through.

分析：本句是主从复合句。howmuch...through是how弓I导的宾语

从句，realized的宾语;Whenthinking...onthebus是when弓I导的时

间状语从句的省略。

句意：在校车上当我想到早上急匆匆地上学时清理果汁的时候，我意

识到我给自己带来了多少不必要的压力和担忧。

口.阅读填句

Howtoimproveself-control

Self-controlhelpsusinfightingtemptations（诱惑）.Thetipslisted

belowwilltellyouhowyoucanimproveyourself-control.

BeaFighter

Thefirstthingyouneedtoknowisyouareafighterandthatyou

canfightabsolutelyanything.Thereisnothinginthisworldthatahuman

mindcannotdoifitdecidestodoso.1

KnowtheStrengthofWillpower

Yourwillpowerisyourbiggeststrength.2Therearemany

exercisesthatwillhelpyoustrengthenyourwillpower.Astrong

willpowerwillhelpyoustayawayfromwhatyouknowiswrongfor

you.

SayGoodbyetoPessimism

Ifyouareapessimistbynature,yourself-controlwillworkforyou

intheoppositedirection.Youwillfindyourselflosingthebattleeven

beforeyoufightit.Youneedtounderstandthatyoucantakeupany

challenge,howeverstrongitis.Pessimismislikeavirus.3

Find"Good"Company

Ifyouaretryingtogetridofanaddiction,findotherpeoplein

yourfriendswhowouldwanttodothesameorwhomightprovideyou

withthemuch-neededmotivation.4

Nowthatyouknowhowtoimproveself-control,youcanstart

applyingthesemindcontroltipsinyourdailylife.5Keepatitand

youmightjustnoticesomeamazingchangesinrespectofyourcontrol

overyourself.

A.Thekeyisnottogiveup.

B.Therefore,youneedtotrainitproperly.

C.Somepeoplejustcan'tstayawayfromthosewrongthings.

D.Thisway,indirectly,youwillbeimprovingyourself-control.

E.It'llkeepongrowinginsideyourmindunlessyouputastoptoit.

F.Youjustneedtobeagreatfighterwhenyoufightagainstcertain

issues.

G.Itisthesetemptationsthatchallengeourdeterminationtodo

something.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了提高自控能力的几点建议。

1.选Fo根据空格前面说首先你需要知道的是你是一个斗士，你可以

与任何事情作斗争，此处承接上文，讲的还是关于斗士的话题，故选

Fo

2.选B。根据空格前面说你的意志力是你最大的力量，空后又说有很

多练习可以帮助你增强意志力，因此此处是说要通过训练来增强意

志力，故选Bo

3.选Eo根据空格前面说悲观主义就像病毒，因此此处应该会提到病

毒的特征，故选Eo

4.选D。根据空格前面说如果你想戒掉上瘾的东西，在你的朋友中找

到其他也想这样做或可能给你提供急需动力的人，此处总结上文，讲

的是这样做的好处，故选Do

5.选A。结合空格后面说坚持下去，你可能会注意到你的自控能力发

生了一些惊人的变化，因此此处强调坚持的意义，故选Ao

m.完形填空

（2021•西安高二检测）

Lifeisfilledwithchallenges.Aswegetolderwe1realizethat

thosechallengesaretheverythingsthatshapeusandmakeuswhowe

are,itisthesamewiththechallengesthatcomewith2.

Whenwearefacedwithachallenge,weusuallyhavetwo3.

Wecantrytobeatitoff,orwecandecidethatthething4the

challengeisn'tworththetroubleandcallitquits.

Althoughtherearecertainly5whencallingitquitsistheright

thingtodo,inmostcasesallthatisneededis6and

communication.

Whenwearecommittedtosomething,itmeansthatnomatter

how7orhowuncomfortablesomethingis,wewillalwayschoose

to8itandworkthroughinsteadofrunningawayfromit.

Communicationismakinga9fordiscussionandtalkingabouthow

youfeelinsteadofjustsayingwhattheotherpersondidwrong._10

youcansaytoafriend,"\gotmyfeelingshurt."11"Youhurtmy

feelings,"youaregoingtobeabletosolvetheproblemmuchfaster.

Indealingwithmanychallengesthatfriendshipwillbringtoyou,

trytoseethemfor12theyare:smallhurdlesyouneedtojumpor

getthroughonyourwaythroughlife.Nothingissobigthatitis_13

togetover,andhurtonlyservestomakeusstronger.Itisallpartof

growingup,andit14toeveryone,andsomedayyouwill

15allofthisandsay,“Hardasitwas,itmademewhoIamtoday.

Andthat'sagoodthing."

【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文，告诉我们应该如何面对成长过程中

友谊带来的挑战。

1.A.seemtoB.cometo

C.hopetoD.tryto

选句意：随着年龄的增长，我们逐渐意识到，正是这些挑战塑造了

Bo

我们，造就了我们，友谊带来的挑战也是一样。seemto似乎;cometo

逐渐，终于做；hopeto希望；tryto努力做。根据空前的"Asweget

older”可知，随着年龄的增长，我们逐渐意识到这些挑战对我们的意

义，故B项正确。

2.A.confidenceB.pressure

C.friendshipD.difficulty

选自信；压力；友谊;困难。

Coconfidencepressurefriendshipdifficulty

根据下文中的"Indealingwithmanychallengesthatfriendshipwillbring

toyou"可知此处指"友谊〃，故C项正确。

3.A.choicesB.expectations

C.opportunitiesD.aspects

选A。句意：当我们面对挑战时，我们通常会做出两个选择：努力战胜

它，或者认为带来挑战的事情不值得去麻烦一通而放弃战胜它。

choices选择；expectations期望；opportunities机会；aspects方面。根

据空后的内容可知，我们可以努力战胜它，或者认为带来挑战的事情

不值得去麻烦一通而放弃战胜它，这是我们在面对挑战时会做出的

两个选择，故A项正确。

4.A.demandingB.deserving

C.predictingD.presenting

选句意同上。要求；应得；预言;

Dodemandingdeservingpredicting

presenting展现、提出。根据空后的"thechallenge"可知此处指"带来

挑战的事情"，故D项正确。

5.A.meansB.timesC.datesD.ages

选句意：尽管有时放弃战胜挑战是正确的做法，但在大多数情况

Bo

下，所需要的只是献身和沟通。根据空后的"whencallingitquitsis

therightthingtodo"可知，有些时候放弃战胜挑战是正确的做法，故

B项正确。

6.A.assessmentB.commitment

C.encouragementD.adjustment

选评估；承担责任，献身；

Boassessmentcommitmentencouragement

鼓励；adjustment调整。根据下文的“Whenwearecommittedto

something"可知此处指"承担责任"，故B项正确。

7.A.doubtfulB.shameful

C.harmfulD.painful

选句意：当我们致力于某件事的时候，这意味着无论这件事有多

Do

痛苦或多不舒服，我们都会选择去面对它并坚持到底，而不是逃避。

doubtful怀疑的;shameful可耻的;harmful有害的;painful痛苦的。根

据空后的“uncomfortable〃可知此处指"痛苦的〃，故D项正确。

8.A.keepB.controlC.faceD.catch

选根据空后的可知,

Co"workthroughinsteadofrunningawayfromit”

我们会坚持到底而不是逃避，这说明我们会选择去面对它，故C项正

确。

9.A.chanceB.planC.topicD.space

选D。句意：沟通是为讨论留出空间，让你谈论你的感受，而不是仅仅

说别人做错了什么。chance可能性，机会plan计戈I」;topic主题;space

空间。根据空后的内容可知，沟通能够让你谈论你的感受，而不是仅

仅说别人做错了什么，这说明沟通是为讨论留出空间，故D项正确。

10.A.IfB.AsC.WhileD.Unless

选句意：如果你能对朋友说:“我的感情受到了伤害〃，而不是"你伤

Ao

害了我的感情"，你就能更快地解决问题。什如果;As因为;While虽然;

Unless除非。根据空后的内容可知，此处会提到一种条件，表示〃如果”,

故A项正确。

11.A.otherthanB.ratherthan

C.orratherD.orelse

选除了;而不是;不如说；

Bootherthanratherthanorratherorelse

要不然。根据空前的"Igotmyfeelingshurt."及空后的"Youhurtmy

feelings,"可知，此处指对朋友说:"我的感情受到了伤害〃而不是"你伤

害了我的感情”，故B项正确。

12.A.whatB.whoC.whereD.which

选句意：在处理友谊给你带来的许多挑战时，努力看清它们的实

Ao

质：它们是你人生道路上需要跳过或克服的小难题。for后为宾语从

句，从句中的are缺少表语，应该用what来引导，故A项正确。

13.A.unnecessaryB.necessary

C.impossibleD.possible

选句意：没有什么是不可能克服的，伤害只会让我们更强大。

Co

unnecessary不必要的;necessary必要的;impossible不可能的;possible

可能的。根据空后的"getover〃可知，没有什么是不可能克服的，故C

项正确。

14.A.opensB.appeals

C.goesD.happens

选句意：挑战是成长过程中的一部分，每个人都会经历（它会发生

Do

在每一个人身上），将来某一天，当你回顾它的时候，你会说："虽然挑

战很大，但它使我成为今天的我根据空前的"Itisallpartofgrowing

up"可知，挑战是成长过程中的一部分，因此它会发生在每一个人身

上，故D项正确。

15.A.lookdownonB.lookbackon

C.lookforwardtoD.lookupto

选看不起；回顾；期待;

Bolookdownonlookbackonlookforwardto

lookupto尊敬。根据空后的"itmademewhoIamtoday.Andthat'sa

goodthing."可知，这是回顾过去时的感慨，故B项正确。

阖【补偿训练】

语法填空

(202L衡水高二检测)

Ataveryyoungage,OindrilaBasuhadnoideaof1.to

livewithnature.Shewouldclimbtreesordestroythenestsofbirdsjust

forfun,likeotherkids.Oncehermothercaughtherandgotangry,

andthenthegirlrealizedshehaddonesomething2.(terrible)

wrong.

ThisisjustawaythatBasu'sparentsshapedherunderstandingand

appreciationofnature.Livingin3.countryside,shespent

heryouthstudyingantsbeforetherain,watchingsunbirdsdrinkhoney,

countingfirefliesand4.(watch)youngplantsgrow.Thenher

parentsdecidedtomovetoanearbycityforbettereducationalchances,

andthenshestoppedhavingfirst-handexperienceswithnature.

Later,asshestruggled5.(choose)acollegemajor,her

mothersuggestedacareerinforestry(林业).That/swhenherjourney

began,andshefellinlovewithforestry.Awayfromthecrowdedcities,

shegraduatedinforestryfromKumaunUniversity,India.Whenshe

wentontostudyamaster/sdegreeinforestryfromtheForestResearch

Institute,India,shefinallygotintroducedtoalike-mindedgroupof

people,6.(devote)totheInternationalForestryStudents/

Association(IFSA).

IFSAisa7.(globe)organizationconnectingstudentsto

exchangeknowledgeandparticipateinforestryactivities.Theyouth

joiningIFSAare8.(encourage)toundertakeitstask—toenrich

foresteducationandspreadaloveofnaturethr