上海市闵行区七宝中学2017-2018学年高二上学期期中英语试题（原卷版）

上海市七宝中学2017学年高二第一学期英语期中考试II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.SwimmingwaytosuccessWhatdoesittaketograduatefromauniversity?Many___1___sayallyouhavetodoistakeclassesandpasstheexams.Well,itrequiresmorethanitifyou’reastudentatTsinghuaUniversity.StartingthisSeptember,freshmenattheuniversitywillhavetotakeswimmingcourses.Iftheyfailaswimmingtestatthebeginningoftheiruniversitycourse,theywon’treceivetheirdegree___2___theycanpassthetestsuccessfully,accordingtoanannouncementbyTsinghuaUniversitypresidentQiuYong.Exceptions___3___(allow)forstudentswithcertainphysicalormentalconditions,ifprovedbymedicalstaff.LiuBo,headoftheDivisionofSportsScienceandPhysicalEducation,explained___4___theuniversityislinkingswimmingabilitywithdegrees.“Asarequisite(必要的)survivalskill,swimmingisbeneficialforstudentsinthelongrun,sinceswimmingishelpfulinimprovingstudents’enduranceandis___5___(harmful)tojoints(关节)andmusclesasawatersport,”hetoldChinaDaily.Viewingtheability____6____(swim)asamustforstudentsisnotsomethingnewtothisuniversityitwasalsoarequirementintheearly20thcentury.Itwaslaterdropped___7___arisingnumberofstudentsandalackoffacilities.BesidesTsinghuaUniversity,PekingUniversityandXiamenUniversityhavealsolistedswimmingasapulsorycourseforstudents.However,theannouncementhascausedaheateddebate.Someweledthenewrule,sayingit’sanecessaryskillthatcansavelives.“Swimmingisafundamental(基本的)skill.It’sawaytostayhealthyandislifesavinginemergencysituations.Ibelievemaking____8____mandatory(强制的)isnecessary,”YuanJiaxiang,ajuniorinTsinghua’sDepartmentofCivilEngineering,toldChinaDaily.However,somesaidithasnothingtodowithgettingadegree.“It’snotreasonabletorequirepeopletobeabletoswimforthemtograduate,”ZhengXiaoyu,ahighschoolstudentfromtheMiddleSchoolAffiliatedtoNorthernJiaotongUniversity,toldChinaDaily.“Foralotofpeoplewhogrewupininlandcities,learninghowtoswimasanadultwillbedifficult.”Infact,Chineseuniversitiesarenottheonlyeducationorganizations___9___encouragetheirstudentstoswim.AfewcollegesintheUnitedStatesincludingCornell,ColumbiaandMITofferswimclassestostudents.“Anything___10___(prevent)peoplefromdyingneedlesslyisavaluableskill,”FredDeBruyn,directorofaquatics(水上运动)atCornell,toldTheNewYorkTimes.SectionBADirections:pletethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.Ifyoucan’tseemtocatchenoughZ’sduringtheweek,you’renotalone.Butbadthingshappentoyourbodywhenyou’resleepdeprived,notleastofwhichisweightgain.Well,here’ssomegoodnews:Sleepinginontheweekendtomakeupforsleeplostduringtheweekis____11____withlowerbodymassindex(BMI),accordingtoastudypublishedintheOxfordUniversityPressjournalSleep.Theresearchers,acollaborationofscientistsbasedinBoston,Massachusetts,andtheRepublicofKorean,soughttodetermineifwhattheyrefertoas“catchupsleep”____12____bodymassindex(BMI)inthegeneralpopulation.Todoso,theyconductedfacetofaceinterviewsofarandomsamplingof2,156adults,paringtheirsleephabitswiththeirBMIscores.The932participantswhosleptin–“catchupsleepers”(peoplewhosleeplongerontheweekendthanonweekdaysbyapproximatelytwohours)hada(n)____13____lowerBMIthantheothersubjects.What’smore,everyadditionalhourofcatchupsleepwaslinkedwithadecreaseinBMI.Astowhysleepinginonweekendscanleadtoweightloss,oneofthestudycoauthors,RobertThomas,MD,MMSc,oftheDivisionofPulmonary,CriticalCareandSleepMedicine,DepartmentofMedicineattheBethIsraelDeaconessMedicalCenterinBoston,___14___Reader’sDigestofthe“substantial(大量的)experimentalandepidemiological(流行病学的)datathatshortsleepcontributestoweightgain.”Henotes,“ourbest___15___asresearchersarethattherearebalancestobekept,andthebodycanadjustand___16___withinreason.Catchupsleepallowsthebasicbalancetobemaintained.”AlthoughthestudyshowedsignificantdifferencesinBMIwiththe____17____oftwoormorehoursofcatchupsleep,Dr.Thomaspointsoutthatthereare“substantialindividualdifferences,”suchthatthebenefitwegetfromthoseextrahourswillvary____18____onhowmuchsleepeachofusgenerallyneeds.“Todetermineyouroptionalsleep,youcantrackthetimespentsleepingonnightswhenthereisnoneedtowakeuptoanalarm,”suggestsLizaBaker,ahealthcoachatSimplyHealthCoaching.Thattellsyouabouthowmanyhoursofsleepyourbodylikestoget,sinceit___19___greatlyacrossthepopulation,fromjust4to5hoursto9to10hours.Socanyouactuallylostweightbysleepinginontheweekend?Onlyifyou’repayingoffasleep___20___fromtheweek,accordingtotheresultofthisstudy.Ithelpsifyou’realsoeatingless,Dr.Thomasadds.BDirections:pletethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.GohitechthisholidayIfyou’vebeensearchingforareasontopickupthatlatestgadget,thenwhatbettertimethanChristmas?There’snoshortageofinnovative,forwardthinkingandfuturisticproductsonthemarkettoday,astechnologytakescenterstageonmanypeople’sfestivewishlists.Here,weofferafestivegadget(小玩意)___21___thatwillhelpyoutakeacloserlookatthreeoftech’shottestcategories.VirtualrealityVRProbablythemostexcitingtechdevelopmentofrecenttimesvirtualreality(VR)hasarrived,withenoughoptions___22___totheconsumerwho’ssearchingforanextradoseofhightechfunthisChristmas.ThecheapestwaytogetahighendVRexperienceescourtesyofSony.ItsPlayStationVRdoesn’trequireatrickedoutPCorexpensivephoneitworkswiththePlaystation4consoleandeswithafewgreatgamesinitslibrary.Therearesomeaccessoriesyoucanpurchaseto___23___theexperience,butifyou’vealreadygotaPS4youcanentertheworldofVRforjust$400(2780yuan).2016hasbeentheyearofVRandassuchmany___24___toSony’screationexist.HighendofferingsliketheHTCViveandOculusRift,aswellasmobileoptionslikeSamsung’sGearVR,willgetyourheadinthegame.Wirelessheadphones___25___easeofusewiththeabilitytomovefreelyaroundyourhome,gymorworkplace,wirelessheadphonesjustmakesense.Andthereareplentyofviable(可行的)optionsto____26____anybudget.TheBoseQuietfort35wirelessheadphonesaredefinitelyworthatestdrive,though.Thefullsize,aroundearBluetoothheadphones___27___activenoisecancellationanddoubleasaheadsetformakingphonecalls.They’veevenearnedtheEditor’sChoiceawardatCnetandcanbesnappedupforlessthan$400online.BeatshasworkeditswayfirmlyintothemarketanditsStudioWirelessheadphonesareapopularchoice,especiallyasyoucannowfindthemmuchcheaperthantheir___28___$379askingpricebysearchingaroundonline.DigitalcamerasWhileyourphoneisaworthysidekick,there’sno____29____forarealcamerawhenitestotakingtheperfectpicture.Andthesedaysyoucangetqualityspecificationsinapackagethat’salmostassmallasyoursmartphone.ThesleekdesignoftheFujifilmX70,$699(4,850yuan),makesittheperfectpanion,oryoucouldgoretrowiththeOlympusPENF($1,200)thatoffersoldschoollooksalongsidecuttingedgetechnology.Domestically,it’sworthcheckingoutXiaomi’smirrorlessYiM1foramore___30___option.Withahighend20megapixelsensorandtheabilitytohostmultiplelenses,it’savailablefromjust2,199yuan.III.ReadingprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Truthbetold,alifechangingcollegeexperiencedoesn’tbeginorendwithahighGPAorgreatuniversitytour.Andalthoughparentsandteachersalikeworkdiligentlytopreptheirstudentswiththecuttingedgeclassesandimpressivetranscripts,they’re___31___onevitalskill:emotionalintelligence.Apollof1,502firstyearcollegestudentsintheU.S.foundthatamajorityofthemwishtheyhadreceivedmore____32____preparationforcollege.Emotionalpreparednessis____33____“theabilitytotakecareofoneself,adapttonewenvironments,___34___negativeemotionsorbehaviorandbuildpositiverelationship,”accordingtothesurvey.“Surveydataindicatethatcollegereadinessrequiresfarmorethanjustasolidacademicfoundation–afindgthatseems____35____conventionalhighereducationpreparation,saidJohnMacPhee,ExecutiveDirectoroftheJedFoundation,whichcosponsoredthesurvey.“Itisclearthatemotionalpreparednessshouldbebetter___36___theworkthathighschoolmunitiesaredoingtoguidestudentsthroughthetransitionintocollege.”Datashowthatcollegestudents___37___farmorethantheiracademics–andtheirstresscantakeaserioustoll(代价)ontheir___38___inschool.Fortypercentofsurveyparticipantsfeltpressuretopayforcollegeexpenses,followedby30percentwhosaidtheirbiggest___39___wastomakenewfriends.___40___,keepingintouchwithfamilyandfriendsnotattheircollege(28percent)andbeingindependent(16percent)alsoweighedheavilyoncollegestudnets’shoulders.Allofthese___41___hadanegativeimpactinsideandoutsideoftheclassroom.Studentswhofeltlessemotionallypreparedforcollegeweremorelikelytohavealowergradepointaverage,regularly____42____drugsand/oralcohol,andratetheiroverallcollegeexperienceasterribleorpoor.“Ashighschoolseniorsstartapplyingtocollegearoundthistimeofyear,parentsandpeople____43____intheirlivescanplayanimportantroleinhelpingchildrenbuildconfidenceandlifeskills,saidMarisaGiarnellaPorco,CoFounder,PresidentandChiefExecutiveOfficeroftheJordanPorcoFoundation,asurveycosponsor.“Itisimportantto___44___themtochooseacollegethatbestfitstheirneedsfirstandforemost–notonlyina(n)___45___sense,butalsorelativetoemotionalneeds.”Thankfully,whetheryourchildispackingupforschoolthisfallorstillindiapers,it’snevertoolate(ortooearly!)tobeginpreppingthemforuniversitylife.Here’swhatparentsshoulddotohelptheircollegeboundkid,startingnow.31.A.mastering B.employing C.forgetting D.preparing32.A.emotional B.careful C.prehensive D.active33.A.paredwith B.appliedto C.adjustedto D.definedas34.A.arouse B.control C.display D.hide35.A.shortof B.strictwith C.contraryto D.proudof36.A.remindedof B.binedwith C.focusedon D.devotedto37.A.dependon B.worryabout C.referto D.respondto38.A.performances B.grades C.subjects D.requirements39.A.mistake B.decision C.event D.challenge40.A.Otherwise B.Thus C.Besides D.However41.A.pressures B.benefits C.behaviors D.thoughts42.A.market B.ban C.consume D.produce43.A.aggressive B.influential C.mysterious D.modest44.A.support B.guide C.warn D.mand45.A.good B.keen C.academic D.delicateSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.AElNino,aSpanishtermfor“theChristchild”,wasnamedbySouthAmericanfishermanwhonoticedthattheglobalweatherpattern,whichhappenseverytwotosevenyears,reducedtheamountoffishescaughtaroundChristmas.ElNinoseeswarmwater,collectedoverseveralyearsinthewesternPacific,flowbackeastwardswhenwindsthatnormallyblowwestwardsweaken,orsometimestheotherwayround.Theweathereffectsbothgoodandbad,arefeltinmanyplaces.RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNino,onbalance,thantheylose.AstudyfoundthatastrongNinoin1997helpedAmerican’seconomygrowby15billion,partlybecauseofbetteragriculturalharvest,farmersintheMidwestgainedfromextrarain.Thetotalriseinagriculturalinrichcountriesingrowththanthefallinpoorones.ButinIndonesiaextremelydryforestsareinflames.Amultiyeardrought(干旱）insoutheastBrazilisbeingworse.ThoughheavyrainsbroughtaboutbyElNinomayrelievethedroughtinCalifornia,theyarelikelytocausesurfacefloodingandotherdisasters.ThemostrecentpowerfulNino,in199798,killedaround21,000peopleandcauseddamageworth$36billionaroundtheglobe.ButsuchNinosewithmonthsofwarning,andsomuchisknownabouthowtheyhappenthatgovernmentscanprepare.AccordingtotheOverseasDevelopmentInstitute(ODI),however,just12%ofdisasterrelieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance,ratherthanrecoveryandrebuildingafterwards.Thisisdespiteevidencethatadollarspentonriskreductionsavesatleasttwoonreconstruction.Simpleimprovementstoinfrastructure(基础设施）canreducethespreadofdisease.Bettersewers(下水道）makeitlesslikelythatheavyrainisfollowedbyanoutbreakofthediseaseofbadstomach.Strongerbridgesmeanvillagesarelesslikelytobeleftwithoutfoodandmedicineafterfloods.Accordingtoapaperin2011byMrHsiangandcoauthors,civilconflictisrelatedtoElNino’sharmfuleffects—andthepoorerthecountry,thestrongerthelink.Thoughtherelationshipmaynotbecausal,helpingdividedmunitiestopreparefordisasterswouldatleastreducetheriskthatthosedisastersarefollowedbykillingandwoundingpeople.SincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasterslinkedtoElNino,reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority.46.WhatcanwelearnaboutElNinoinParagraph1?A.ItisnamedafteraSouthAmericanfisherman.B.Ittakesplacealmosteveryyearallovertheworld.C.ItforcesfishermentostopcatchingfisharoundChristmasD.Itseesthechangesofwaterflowdirectionintheocean.47.WhatmayElNinobringabouttothecountriesaffected?A.Agriculturalharvestsinrichcountriesfall.B.Droughtsbeemoreharmfulthanfloods.C.Richcountries’gainsaregreaterthantheirlosses.D.Poorcountriessufferlessfromdroughtseconomically.48.ThedataprovidedbyODIinParagraph4suggestthat_________.A.moreinvestmentshouldgotoriskreductionB.governmentsofpoorcountriesneedmoreaidC.victimsofElNinodeservemorepensationD.recoveryandreconstructionshouldefirst49.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.TointroduceElNinoanditsorigin.B.ToexplaintheconsequencesofElNino.C.ToshowwaysoffightingagainstElNino.D.TourgepeopletoprepareforElNino.BInspiringyoungminds！TOKNOWMagazineisabighitintheworldofchildren’spublishing,bringingauniquebinationofchallengingideasandgoodfuntoyoungfanseverymonth.WhatissospecialaboutTOKNOWmagazine?Well,ithasnoadsorpromotionsinsideinsteaditisjampackedwithseriousideas.TOKNOWmakesplexideasattractiveandaccessibletochildren,whocanbeeinvolvedinadvancedconceptsandevenphilosophyandtheywillsoondiscoverthatTOKNOWfeelsmorelikeaclubthanjustamagazine.What'sinside?Everymonththemagazineintroducesafreshnewtopicwitharticles,experimentsandcreativethingstomakethemagazinealsoexploresphilosophyandwellbeingtomakesureyoungreadershaveabalancedtakeonlife.Soundstoogoodtobetrue?Takealookonline—evidenceshowsthatthousandsofteachersandparentsknowagoodthingwhentheyseeitandremendTOKNOWtotheirfriendsHappyBirthdayAllYear！Whatcouldbemorefunthanagiftthatkeepsingthroughtheletterboxeverymonth?Thefirstmagazinewithyourgiftmessagewillarriveintimeforthespecialday.SUBSCRIBENOWAnnualSubscription(订阅)Europe￡55Restofworld￡65AnnualSubscriptionwithGiftPackIncludesaMammothMap,apassportPuzzleBooklet,andSubscriptionEurope￡60RestofWorld￡70RefundPolicythesubscriptioncanbecanceledwithin28daysandyoucangetyourmoneyback.50.WhyisTOKNOWaspecialmagazine?A.Itentertainsyoungparents. B.ItbinesfunwithplexconceptsC.Itpublishespopularsciencefictions D.Itprovidesseriousadvertisements51.WhatdoesTOKNOWofferitsreaders?A.Articlesonnewtopics B.OnlinecoursesC.Lecturesonabalancedlife D.Reportsonscientificdiscoveries52.Howmuchshouldyoupayifyoumakea12mounthsubscriptiontoTOKNOWwithgiftpackfromChina?A.￡55 B.￡60 C.￡65 D.￡70CSupposeyoubeealeaderinanorganization.It’sverylikelythatyou’llwanttohavevolunteerstohelpwiththeorganization’sactivities.Todoso,itshouldhelptounderstandwhypeopleundertakevolunteerworkandwhatkeepstheirinterestinthework.Let’sbeginwiththequestionofwhypeoplevolunteer.Researchershaveidentifiedseveralfactorsthatmotivatepeopletogetinvolved.Forexample,peoplevolunteertoexpresspersonalvaluesrelatedtounselfishness,toexpandtheirrangeofexperiences,andtostrengthensocialrelationships.Ifvolunteerpositionsdonotmeettheseneeds,peoplemaynotwishtoparticipate.Toselectvolunteers,youmayneedtounderstandthemotivationsofthepeopleyouwishtoattract.Peoplealsovolunteerbecausetheyarerequiredtodoso.Toincreaselevelsofmunityservice,someschoolshavelaunchedpulsoryvolunteerprograms.Unfortunately,theseprogramscanshiftpeople’swishofparticipationfromaninternalfactor(e.g.“Ivolunteerbecauseit’simportanttome”)toanexternalfactor(e.g.“IvolunteerbecauseI’mrequiredtodoso”).Whenthathappens,peoplebeelesslikelytovolunteerinthefuture.Peoplemustbesensitivetothispossibilitywhentheymakevolunteeractivitiesamust.Oncepeoplebegintovolunteer,whatleadsthemtoremainintheirpositionsovertime?Toanswerthisquestion,researchershaveconductedfollowupstudiesinwhichtheytrackvolunteersovertime.Forinstance,onestudyfollowed238volunteersinFloridaoverayear.Oneofthemostimportantfactorsthatinfluencedtheirsatisfactionasvolunteerswastheamountofsufferingtheyexperiencedintheirvolunteerpositions.Althoughthisresultmaynotsurpriseyou,itleadstoimportantpracticaladvice.Theresearchersnotethatattentionshouldbegivento“trainingmethodsthatwouldpreparevolunteersfortroublesomesituationsorprovidethemwithstrategiesforcopingwiththeproblemtheydoexperience”.Anotherstudyof302volunteersathospitalsinChicagofocusedonindividualdifferencesinthedegreetowhichpeopleview“volunteer”asanimportantsocialrole.Itwasassumedthatthosepeopleforwhomtheroleofvolunteerwasmostpartoftheirpersonalidentitywouldalsobemostlikelytocontinuevolunteerwork.Participantsindicatedthedegreetowhichthesocialrolematteredbyrespondingtostatementssuchas“VolunteeringinHospitalisanimportantpartofwhoIam.”Consistentwiththeresearchers’expectations,theyfoundapositivecorrelation(正相关)betweenthestrengthofroleidentityandthelengthoftimepeoplecontinuedtovolunteer.Theseresults,onceagain,leadtoconcreteadvice:“Onceanindividualbeginsvolunteering,continuedeffortsmightfocusondevelopingavolunteerroleidentity....ItemslikeTshirtsthatallowvolunteerstoberecognizedpubliclyfortheircontributionscanhelpstrengthenroleidentity”.53.Peoplevolunteermainlyoutof__________.A.academicrequirements B.socialexpectationsC.financialrewards D.internalneeds54.WhatcanwelearnfromtheFloridastudy?A.Followupstudiesshouldlastforoneyear. B.Volunteersshouldgetmentallyprepared.C.Strategytrainingisamustinresearch. D.Volunteersareprovidedwithconcreteadvice.55.Whatismostlikelytomotivatevolunteerstocontinuetheirwork?A.Individualdifferencesinroleidentity. B.PubliclyidentifiablevolunteerTshirts.C.Roleidentityasavolunteer. D.Practicaladvicefromresearchers.56.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.HowtoGetPeopletoVolunteer B.HowtoStudyVolunteerBehaviorsC.HowtoKeepVolunteers’Interest D.HowtoOrganizeVolunteerActivitiesDAskmostpeoplehowtheydefinetheAmericanDreamandchancesarethey’llsay,“Success.”ThedreamofindividualopportunityhasbeenhomeinAmericansinceEuropeansdiscovereda“newworld”intheWesternHemisphere.EarlyimmigrantslikeHectorSt.JeandeCrevecoeurpraisedhighlythefreedomandopportunitytobefoundinthisnewland.HisglowingdescriptionsofaclasslesssocietywhereanyonecouldattainsuccessthroughhonestyandhardworkfiredtheimaginationsofmanyEuropeanreaders:inLettersfromanAmericanFarmer(1782)hewrote.“Weareallexcitedatthespiritofanindustrywhichisunfettered(无拘无束的)andunrestrained,becauseeachpersonworksforhimself…Wehavenoprinces,forwhomwetoil(干苦力活),starve,andbleed:wearethemostperfectsocietynowexistingintheworld.”Thepromiseofalandwhere“therewardsofaman’sindustryfollowwithequalstepstheprogressofhislabor”drewpoorimmigrantsfromEuropeandfuelednationalexpansionintothewesternterritories.Ournationalmythology(神化)isfullofillustrationoftheAmericansuccessstory.There’sBenjaminFranklin,theverymodeloftheselfeducated,selfmademan,whorosefrommodestoriginstobeeawellknownscientist,philosopher,andstatesman.Inthenineteenthcentury,HoratioAlger,awriteroffictionforyoungboys,becameAmerican’sbestsellingauthorwithragstorichestales.Thenotionofsuccesshauntsus:wespendmillioneveryyearreadingabouttherichandfamous,learninghowto“makeafortuneinrealestatewithnomoneydown,”and“dressingforsuccess.”Themythofsuccesshaseveninvadedourpersonalrelationships:todayit’sasimportanttobe“successful”inmarriageorparenthoodsasitistoeoutontopinbusiness.Butdreamseasilyturnintonightmares.EveryAmericanwhohopesto“makeit”alsoknowsthefearoffailure,becausethemythofsuccessinevitablyimpliesparisonbetweenthehavesandthehavenots,thestarsandtheanonymouscrowd.Underpressureofthemyth,webeeindulgedinstatussymbols:wetrytoliveinthe“right”neighborhoods,wearthe“right”clothes,eatthe“right”foods.Thesesymbolsofdistinctionassureusandothersthatwebelievestronglyinthefundamentalequalityofall,yetstriveashardaswecantoseparateourselvesfromourfellowcitizens.57.Bysaying“therewardsofaman’sindustryfollowwithequalstepstheprogressofhislabor”(Line10,Para.1),theauthormeans.A.themorediligentoneis,thebiggerhisreturnsB.laboriousworkensuresthegrowthofanindustryC.aman’sbusinessshouldbedevelopedstepbystepD.apany’ssuccessdependsonitsemployees’hardwork58.ThecharactersdescribedinHoratioAlger’snovelsarepeoplewho.A.succeedinrealestateinvestmentB.earnedenormousfortunesbychancesC.becamewealthyafterstartinglifeverypoorD.becamefamousdespitetheirmodestorigins59.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastsentenceofthesecondparagraphthat.A.businesssuccessoftencontributestoasuccessfulmarriageB.AmericanswishtosucceedineveryaspectoflifeC.goodpersonalrelationshipsleadtobusinesssuccessD.successfulbusinesspeopleprovidegoodcarefortheirchildren60.WhatistheconflictofAmericancultureaccordingtotheauthor?A.TheAmericanroadtosuccessisfullofnightmares.B.Statussymbolsarenotarealindicatorofaperson’swealth.C.TheAmericanDreamisnothingbutanemptydream.D.WhatAmericansstriveafteroftencontradictstheirbeliefs.SectionCDirections:pletethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencedgivenbelow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Itisamonexperienceformany:Youmakedonationstoothers,suchasunfortunatepeopleindisasterstrickenareas,andyouareappreciated.____61____AbillionairecouplehasrecentlymadeoneofthebiggestcharitabledonationstoauniversityinChina’shistory.ChenTianqiaoandChrissyLuo,cofoundersofChina’sShandaGroup,donated$115million(799millionyuan)totheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology(Caltech)tohelpadvancedbrainresearch.Thecouple’sdonationwillbespentbuildinganeuroscience(神经科学)institute,withtheaimofdeepeningtheunderstandingofhowthebrainworks,accordingtoastatementfromCaltech.Chenhasbeeninterestedinbrainresearchforalongtime.However,thishugedonationhascausedheateddiscussionsamongChinesescholarsandinternetusersalike.ManycriticizedthemforchoosingtogivemoneytoaforeignuniversityratherthanChineseinstitutesforbrainresearch,whicharedevelopingfastandareontracktocatchupwiththeUSinjustafewyears.___62___Others,however,supportthecouple’schoiceforbrainresearch.TheybelieveCaltechisamorerationalchoiceparedtoChineseresearchinstitutions.____63____Inaddition,theresultsoftheresearchbenefitnotonlytheAmericanpeople,butalsotherestoftheworld.AsimilarcontroversystartedtwoyearsagowhenPanShiyi,chairmanofSOHOChina,alongwithhiswifeZhangXin,donated$15milliontoHarvardUniversitytohelpdisadvantagedChinesestudents.ManybelievethatChinaisstillbehindinthemanagementanduseofdonatedmoney,andthatasaresult,Chinesephilanthropists(慈善家)arelookingabroad.____64____Inparison,WesterncountriesliketheUS,whichhavealonghistoryofdonatingmoney,havewelldevelopedsystemsthatusethedonationsefficiently.“Togetmoredonations,Chineseuniversitiesshouldbebolderandmorehonest…theyneedselfreflection,ratherthanjealousy,”mentedXinhua.A.RaoYi,abiologistandprofessoratPekingUniversity,evensaidthedonationwasa“typicalmistake”.B.Somepreviouslyplannedtodonate