Unit+6+Disaster+and+Hope+Starting+out+Understanding+ideas+词汇外研版高中英语（2019）必修第三册

Unit

6

Disaster

and

hopeStarting

out

&

Understanding

ideas核心词汇1.

erupt

v.（火山）爆发；喷发

＊eruption

n.爆发；喷发（P62）Sure

enough，going

down

the

stairs

and

onto

the

platform

is

like

jumping

into

a

volcano

that's

erupting.果不其然，下楼走到站台就像跳进一座正在喷发的火山。拓展erupt

in/into

sth突然发生；爆发erupt

into

revolution

爆发为革命erupt

into

fury勃然大怒volcanic

eruption

火山爆发佳句Is

a

volcanic

eruption

taking

place

now？现在是发生了火山爆发吗？单句填空（1）The

volcano

________

（erupt）

and

killed

all

the

dinosaurs.erupted（2）Volcanic

ash

showered

down

on

the

town

after

the

________

（erupt）.eruption2.

immediately

adv.即刻；马上

conj.一……就……

＊immediate

adj.立即的；马上的（P63）I'll

join

a

beginner's

swimming

class

immediately.我要马上参加一个游泳初学者班。拓展take

immediate

action

立刻采取行动an

immediate

reaction/response

即时的反应/回应佳句My

immediate

action

was

one

of

shock.我当即的反应是大吃一惊。点拨（1）表示“一……就……”的词或短语:the

moment;the

minute;the

second;the

instant；immediately;directly;instantly；as

soon

as;hardly...when;no

sooner...than...；on+n./doing等。As

soon

as

I

get

to

Beijing,I'll

write

to

you.我一到北京就给你写信。（2）在“hardly...when/no

sooner...than...”句型中,主句用过去完成时,when和than引导的从句用一般过去时。当hardly、no

sooner置于句首时,主句要部分倒装,即将助动词、系动词、情态动词提到主语之前。No

sooner

had

he

arrived

than

he

was

asked

to

leave

again.他刚到就再次被叫走了。一句多译他一到达电影院,电影就开始了。（1）____________________________________________________________________________at

the

cinema,the

film

began.

As

soon

as/Immediately/Directly/The

moment/The

minute/The

second

he

had

arrived（2）_____________________at

the

cinema

when

the

film

began.Hardly

had

he

arrived（3）________________________at

the

cinema

than

the

film

began.No

sooner

had

he

arrived（4）_____________________at

the

cinema,the

film

began.On

his

arriving/arrival3.

occur

v.（occurred，occurred）

发生；出现；想起

＊occurrence

n.出现；发生（P63）Experts

say

this

bad

weather

has

occurred

due

to

climate

change.专家说这种恶劣的天气是气候变化造成的。拓展It

occurs

to

sb

that...

某人突然想起……It

occurs

to

sb

to

do

sth.

某人突然想起要做某事。佳句It

occurred

to

me

that

he

might

be

interested

in

the

problem

we

had

discussed.我突然想起来他也许对我们讨论过的那个问题感兴趣。If

headaches

only

occur

at

night,

lack

of

fresh

air

and

oxygen

is

often

the

cause.

如果头痛只发生在晚上，缺少新鲜空气和氧气往往是原因。点拨表示“某人想到……”还可以用下列句式:It

strikes/hits

sb

that...sth

strike（s）

sbsth

come（s）

to

sbsb

hit（s）

on/upon

sthoccur不用于被动语态和进行时态。Ⅰ.单句填空（1）When

my

grandpa

saw

the

air

ticket,

it

_________（occur）

to

him

that

he

would

fly

to

New

York

to

see

his

grandchildren

that

afternoon.occurred（2）It

occurs

___me

to

clean

my

room.toⅡ.单句写作（3）Along

with

your

wonderful

innovation,

you

need

to

hand

in

a

report

explaining

___________________________

and

what

materials

you

used.

除了你精彩的创新之外，你还需要提交一份报告，解释你是如何想到这个想法的，以及你使用了什么材料。how

the

idea

occurred

to

you4.

announcement

n.通告；公告

＊announce

vt.宣布；通告

＊announcer

n.播音员；广播员（P63）“The

next

station

is

Bank！”comes

the

announcement.地铁播报：“下一站是银行站！”。拓展make

an

announcement

宣布announce

sth

to

sb

向某人宣告某事It

is

announced

that...

据宣布……佳句The

announcer

made

an

announcement

that

all

the

details

should

be

announced

through

the

broadcast.播音员宣布所有细节都应该通过广播宣告。单句写作（1）I

______________________________________.我要宣布一件重要的事。have

an

important

announcement

to

make（2）It

is

wise

to______________________________.向公众宣布这个消息是明智的。announce

the

news

to

the

public（3）___________________there'll

be

a

celebration

on

National

Day.据宣布国庆节要举行庆祝会。It

is

announced

that5.

react

to

对……做出反应（P61）How

did

people

there

react

to

the

disaster?

那里的人们对灾难做出了怎样的反应?拓展react

against

反对；反抗react

on

（upon）

对……起作用/有影响react

with

与……发生化学反应佳句How

did

the

coach

react

to

the

news

of

the

failure?教练听到这个失败的消息时有何反应?单句填空（1）How

did

he

react

___your

suggestion?to（2）I

tried

shaking

him

but

there

was

no

________（react）.reaction（3）Children

tend

to

react

_______their

parents

____going

against

their

wishes.againstby6.

be

expected

to

有望做某事；被期待做某事（P62）Today,the

temperature

in

London

is

expected

to

reach

30

plus

degrees!

今天,伦敦的气温预计将达到30度以上!拓展expect

too

much

of

（sb）

对（某人）期望过高expect

a

visit/call/letter

from

sb

等待某人的来访/电话/来信expect

to

do

sth

期望去做某事佳句Everyone

in

the

class

is

expected

to

participate

actively

in

these

discussions.全班同学都应该积极参与这些讨论。He's

still

getting

over

his

illness,

so

don't

expect

too

much

of

him.

他仍处于康复期，所以不要对他期望过高。单句填空（1）You

can't

expect________（learn）

a

foreign

language

in

a

few

months.to

learn（2）The

result

was

out

of

his

___________（expect）.Harry

looked

at

the

medal

in

surprise

without

saying

a

word.expectation7.

compared

to...

和……比起来；与……相比（P62）This,

however,

is

nothing

compared

to

the

train.然而,与列车相比,这算不了什么。拓展compare

with...

和……比起来；与……相比compare...with/and...

把……和……加以比较compare...to...

把……比作……佳句In

terms

of

size

and

population,

how

big

is

the

European

Union

compared

to

China？就面积和人口而言，与中国相比，欧盟有多大？Compared

to

your

brother,

you

should

make

greater

efforts

to

study

English.和你哥哥相比,你应该更加努力地学习英语。单句填空（1）___________（compare）

his

camera

with

mine,I

find

mine

is

better.Comparing（2）_________（compare）

his

camera

with

mine,and

I

find

mine

is

better.Compare（3）__________（compare）

to

his

camera,

mine

is

better.Compared8.

make

it

成功；及时赶到（P62）I

had

bacon

and

eggs

for

breakfast,and

now

I'm

feeling

a

bit

sick—I

hope

I

can

make

it

to

Bank

station...我早餐吃了培根和鸡蛋,现在我觉得有点不舒服——我希望我能坚持抵达银行站……拓展make

up

编造；虚构；组成；构成；和解make

up

for

弥补；偿还make

use

of

利用make

out

理解；弄清make

up

one's

mind

（to

do

sth）下决心（做某事）佳句I'm

counting

on

you

to

make

it—don't

let

me

down.我指望你能成功，别让我失望。The

flight

leaves

in

twenty

minutes—we'll

never

make

it.再过20分钟飞机就要起飞,我们无论如何也赶不上了。单句写作（1）I

heard

voices,

but

couldn't

______________________________.我听到有声音,却听不清他们在说什么。make

out

what

they

were

saying（2）If

you___________________to

_________________your

time

to

study,

you'll

________.如果你下定决心好好利用时间学习,你就会成功。make

up

your

mindmake

good

use

ofmake

it（3）Caroline

doesn't

have

a

gift

for

music,

but

she

_____________

it

with

hard

work.卡罗琳没有音乐天赋,但她用努力学习弥补了她的不足。makes

up

for9.

look

through

浏览；快速查看（P63）Looking

through

my

newspaper,

I'm

shocked

by

photos

showing

that

a

hurricane

in

Asia

has

destroyed

a

town.翻阅报纸的时候,我对亚洲的飓风摧毁了一个城镇的照片感到震惊。拓展get

through

通过（考试等）；接通电话；完成；用完go

through

用完；履行某程序；通过；经历；仔细检查break

through

冲破；突破live

through

经历佳句Please

look

through

my

composition

to

see

if

I

made

any

mistakes

in

it.请浏览一下我的作文看一看是否有错。I

must

look

through

these

bills

and

check

them

before

I

pay

them.我必须在付款前快速查看并核对一下这些账单。单句写作（1）The

scientists

hope

to_____________

soon

in

the

research

for

a

cure

for

cancer.科学家们希望不久在研究癌症治愈方法方面会有突破。break

through（2）With

someone

I

love

I

can

__________________________of

life.和我爱的人在一起,我可以渡过生活中的一切难关。go

through

all

the

hardships10.

after

all

毕竟；终究（P63）After

all,it's

only

30

degrees

outside!毕竟,外面气温只有30度!拓展above

all

首先；最重要的是at

all

（否定句）根本；（疑问句）到底；究竟first

of

all

首先all

in

all

总之in

all

总共；共计佳句You

shouldn't

have

scolded

the

boy

at

all；he

is

a

child

after

all；above

all，he

made

only

one

mistake

in

all.你根本不应该责备那个男孩，他毕竟还是个孩子；最重要的是，他总共才犯了一个错误。单句写作（1）Compared

with

her

achievements,

her

shortcomings

are,

________,

only

secondary.同她的成就相比,她的缺点毕竟是第二位的。after

all（2）How

many

students

are

there

in

your

school

______?

你们学校总共有多少学生?in

all（3）He

is

not

concerned

with

the

difficulties

of

the

factory

______.他对工厂的困难一点也不关心。at

all（4）He

was

beloved

by

all,

and

_________by

the

children.他受众人爱戴,最重要的是受到孩子们的爱戴。above

all11.

动词-ing形式作主语（P62）Sure

enough,going

down

the

stairs

and

onto

the

platform

is

like

jumping

into

a

volcano

that's

erupting.果不其然,下楼走到站台就像跳进一座正在喷发的火山。拓展句中的going

down

the

stairs

and

onto

the

platform为动词-ing形式作主语。动词-ing形式作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。动词-ing形式作主语时,可以将其后置,同时用it作形式主语,置于句首。比较典型的句式有:It's

no

use/good+doing

sth.It's

a

waste

of

time/so

nice/foolish+doing

sth.Collecting

information

is

very

important

to

businessmen.搜集信息对于商人来说是非常重要的。It

is

no

use

trying

to

kick

against

the

new

rules.企图反对这些新规定是无用的。It's

a

waste

of

time

waiting

here.在这里等是浪费时间。It's

so

nice

talking

to

you.很高兴和你谈话。单句写作（1）_________________________

makes

me

feel

happy.听古典音乐使我感到愉悦。Listening

to

classical

music（2）_____________________this

secret.保守这个秘密没有什么好处。It

is

no

good

keeping（3）It

is

a

waste

of

energy________________.和她争论是浪费精力。arguing

with

her12.

now

that引导原因状语从句（P63）Now

that

it's

hard

to

avoid

a

disaster

on

Earth,

perhaps

I

should

start

thinking

about

moving

to

space...既然在地球上很难避免灾难,也许我应该开始考虑搬到太空去……拓展句中的now

that

用作连词,引导原因状语从句,口语中that可省略,相当于since,

强调人们已知的事实。引导原因状语从句的连词还有because、as、since、for等。（1）because语气最强,表示的是直接的理由。可用来回答why

引导的问句,可用于强调句型,它所引导的从句常放在主句后。I

can't

get

to

sleep

because

there

is

so

much

noise

outside.由于外面声音嘈杂我睡不着。（2）as语气较弱,较口语化,表示较明显的原因或已知的事实,它所引导的从句常放在主句前。As

he

was

in

a

hurry,he

left

his

bag

at

home.由于太匆忙,他把包落在了家里。（3）since/now

that语气较弱,所表示的原因为人们已知的事实。常译为“既然”。since常和now

that互换。Since/Now

that

the

rain

has

stopped,let's

go

home

at

once.既然雨已停了,我们马上回家吧。（4）for后跟句子时,是并列连词,用来说明、补充解释或表示一种推理,所以for跟从句时不能置于句首。The

day

breaks,for

the

birds

are

singing.天亮了,因为鸟儿都在叫了。点拨due

to/owing

to/on

account

of

意为“由于；因为”；because

of意为“因为”,在句中作状语或表语；thanks

to

意为“由于；多亏”,在句中作状语。单句写作（1）I

was

late

for

school____________________________.因为我错过了第一辆公共汽车,所以我迟到了。because

I

missed

the

first

bus（2）________________________________,you

can

travel.既然你恢复了健康,你能够旅行了。Since/Now

that

you

are

well

again（3）It

must

have

rained

last

night,____________________.昨晚肯定下雨了,因为地面是湿的。for

the

ground

is

wet（4）__________________,we

left

without

him.因为他没准备好,我们就自己走了。As

he

wasn't

ready拓展单词1.______v.（火山）爆发；喷发→________n.爆发；喷发erupteruption2.____________adv.即刻；马上conj.一……就……→__________adj.立刻的；即刻的immediatelyimmediate3._____________n.通告；公告→_________v.声明；宣告→__________n.宣告者；播音员announcementannounceannouncer4.________adj.可信赖的；可靠的→_________n.可靠性；可信度→_____v.依靠；信赖reliablereliabilityrely5.________v.威胁到；危及→______n.威胁→___________adj.恐吓的；具有威胁性的threatenthreatthreatening即时检测1.have

yet

to

________还没有2.pick

____拾起；收拾；学到；获得；接某人上车up3.________及时到达；取得成功；约定时间；设法做到某事make

it4.look

________看穿/识破（某人或某事）；仔细检查/审查（某物）；穿过……看；浏览through5.what's

more

________________________更重要的是；而且；还有即时检测6.after

____毕竟；究竟；归根结底all7._______飞出；飞速地跑掉；突然跑掉fly

off8._______________突然地；出乎意料地all

of

a

sudden9.turn

_____（使）变成；译成；成为into即时检测Ⅰ.单句填空1.It

never

occurred

___me

that

you

could

succeed

in

persuading

him

to

change

his

mind.to2.The

brave

young

man

rescued

three

children

______the

burning

building.from3.It

remained

an

____________（exceptional）

rare

book

before

it

was

reprinted.exceptionally4.________（billion）

of

years

ago,

the

universe

was

too

hot

for

life

to

exist.Billions5.The

temple

was

destroyed

by

the

violent

________（erupt）

of

a

volcano

nearby.eruption6.If

you

hear

an

alarm,

leave

the

building

____________（immediate）.immediately即时检测7.They

began

shooting

after

the

_____________（announce）

was

made.announcement8.I

found

this

a

________（rely）

brand

of

washing

machines.reliable9.Her

brother

__________（threat）

to

leave

her

in

the

dark

room

alone

when

she

disobeyed

his

order.threatened10.In

some

places

women

are

expected

________（earn）

money

while

men

stay

at

home

and

raise

their

children.to

earn11.Jack

is

late

again.

It

is

_______（type）

of

him

to

keep

others

waiting.typical12.Have

you

crossed

the

road

to

avoid

_______（talk）

to

someone

you

recognize?talking即时检测Ⅱ.选词填空pick

up；compared

to；a

crowd

of；make

it；think

about；

reflect

off；

after

all；

look

through1.There

was___________people

on

the

road

and

I

went

to

see

what

was

going

on.a

crowd

of2.There

were

always

things

to___________when

she

went

walking.think

about3.We

drove

to

the

airport

the

next

morning

to________Susan.pick

up4._________,most

of

us

rely

basically

on

our

salary

to

live.Af