中考英语专题复习-介词

中考英语专题复习-介词中考英语专题复习-介词/中考英语专题复习-介词介词复习提纲介词的定义介词是一种虚词，不能独立存在。它必须和随后的不足成分一起构成介词短语，才能用作句子的成分。介词（短语）的分类表示时间的介词（短语）at用在具体的时间点之前。e.g.atfiveo’clockin用在年，月，季节之前，用在表泛指的上午。下午、晚上之前。e.g.inJuly、intheafternoonon用在星期之前，用在具体某天或者某天的上午、下午、晚上之前。e.g.ontheafternoonofJuly2ndafter表示“在……之后”，反义词是before。before表示“在……之前”。除了可以用作介词之外，before还可以做连词和副词。until表示“直到”，notuntil意为“直到……才”。since表示“自从”，后跟表示过去的时间点时，通常和现在完成时连用。during表示“在……期间”。e.g.duringthespeechfrom和to搭配，from...to...表示“从……到……”。e.g.from3:30to5:30by表示“在……之前”“不迟于”。e.g.byfiveo’clock表示方位的介词 at用在比较小的地点之前。e.g.arriveattheairportin用在表较大的地点之前。e.g.arriveinBeijing表示“在……里面”。e.g.intheboxinfrontof表示“在……前面”。反义词是behindbehind表示“在……后面”。under表示“在……下面”。by表示“在……旁边；靠近”。e.g.bythewindowbeside表示“在……旁边”。near表示“在……附近”。nextto表示“靠近；紧挨”。from和to搭配，from...to...表示“从……到……”e.g.fromBeijingtoShanghaiontheleftof表示“在……的左边”。ontherightof表示“在……的右边”。【注意】in是常见的介词，还有如下的用法in+颜色/服装此时in表示“穿着某种颜色的衣服”。in+语言此时in表示“用某种语言”in+时间段用在一般将来时的句中，该句表示在“早某段时间之后”。表示方式、手段或工具的介词表示方式byby+交通工具。on，inon，in+限定词+交通工具。表示手段或工具with和具体的工具搭配。by表示“通过；以……的方式或手段”，其后常跟动名词。in和语言，声音等材料搭配其他常考介词的基本用法for表示“为了”。e.g.Theyfoughtforthecountry.of表示“的”，协助构成所有格形式。e.g.amapofChina.about表示“关于”。e.g.abookaboutflowers.with表示“和……在一起”。e.g.Ilivewithmyparents.表示“带有，具有”。e.g.ahousewithagarden构成固定搭配。e.g.withthehelpof，agreewith，providesb.withsth.without表示“无；没有”。e.g.Fishcannotlivewithoutwater.三、介词（短语）的基本用法用作表语。e.g.Weareintheclassroom.用作宾语补足语。e.g.Iwassurprisedtofindhimonthebus.用作后置定语。e.g.ThegirlinawhiteT-shirtismysister.用作状语。e.g.Therearemanyflowersinthegarden.四、常考的易混介词和介词短语between表示“在……（两者）之间”。among表示“在……（三者或三者之上）之间”。infrontof表示“在某范围以外的前面”。inthefrontof表示“在某范围以内的前面”。on表示“在……上面”，强调表面接触。反义词是beneath。over表示“在……上方”，强调在垂直的上面。反义词是under。above表示“在……上方”，可能在垂直的上方，也可能不在垂直的上方，只表示上下的位置关系。反义词是belowacross表示“从表面穿过”，通常和road，street，river等搭配。through表示“从立体空间穿过”，通常和window，channel，town，city等搭配。over表示“越过高的物体”，通常和wall，mountain等搭配。for后跟时间段，常用来说明动作延续的时间长度。since后跟时间点，常用来说明动作起始的时间。besides表示“除……之外还有”，表示累计关系。except表示“除了”，表示排除关系。bemadeof表示“由……制造”，强调可以看出原材料。bemadefrom表示“由……制造”，强调看不出原材料。bemadeby表示“由……（某人）制造”，后面跟人。bemadein表示“在……（某地）制造”，后跟地点。bemadeinto表示“被制成……”，后跟成品。介词（短语）中考考点考点一动词+介词：at：lookatlaughatknockatshoutatpointatfor：payforlookforaskforleaveforon：dependongetoncallonpassongoonwith：agreewitharguewithbeginwithabout：thinkaboutcareaboutworryaboutbe+形容词+介词：of：beproudofbefullofbeafraidoffor：befamousforbereadyforbesorryforbelateforin：beinterestedinbestrcitin...at：begoodatbeangryatbesurprisedatwith：besatisfied/pleasedwithbesrictwithbeangrywith考点二ofsb.和forsb.It’s+adj.+ofsb.+todosth.该句型多用于表示人物的性格或品德。其中的形容词多是表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good，kind，nice，clever，foolish等。It’sadj.+forsb.+todosth.该句型多用于表示人物或事物的特征。其中的形容词多是表示客观形势的形容词，如easy，hard，difficult，interesting等。考点针对联系一、单项选择【2013·北京】LucylivedinBeijingfrom2008________2012.A.onB.toC.atD.of【2013·大连】InAmerica,peoplestartcelebratingtheNewYear_________31stDecember.A.inB.atC.onD.for【2013·扬州】-Howlonghaveyoulivedinthenewflat-________2010.A.InB.AfterC.SinceD.Before【2013·锦州】Mostofmyclassmatesgotoschool_________bike.A.atB.byC.onD.in【2013·上海】Wow!Tenstudentsinourclasswillcelebratetheirfourteenthbirthdays_________October!A.inB.onC.atD.to【2013·呼和浩特】________herhusband,shehasnowbecomeafamousfilmstar.A.BecauseB.ThankstoC.ThanksforD.Withthehelpof【2013·兰州】-WhydoyoualwaysgotoLanzhouUniversityonweekends-Becausethere’relotsofgreatspeakersIcanpracticeEnglish________intheEnglishcornerthere.A.withB.toC.onD.about【2013·烟台】-Whydoyoualwayssleep_______-BecauseI’mafraidofthedark.A.byyourselfB.withthedooropenC.withthewindowopenD.withthelighton【2013·三亚】OnmyvisittoAustralia,IfeelAustraliansaresimilar________usinmanyways.A.withB.inC.toD.at【2013·河南】-Whatdidyouget_________yourbirthday,Jason-AniPad3,frommyaunt.A.toB.atC.withD.for【2013·安徽】Mrs.Kingputacoat_________thesleepinggirltokeepherwarm.A.overB.withC.behindD.beside【2013·无锡】Iceisnotoftenseenhereinwinterasthetemperaturenormallystays________zero.A.upB.downC.aboveD,below【2013·温州】Annoftehelpsme_________mathafterschool.AforB.withC.onD.by【2013·黔西南】Allofyouwentthezoo_______WangHui.Shehadtolookafterhergrandpa.A.besidesB,withC.exceptD.beside15【2013·德州】________,theInternetwasonlyusedbygovernment.Butnowit’swidelyusedineveryfield.A.AsusualB.AtfirstC.AfterallD.Sofar【2013·重庆】YoucanimproveyourEnglish________practicingmore.A.byB.withC.ofD.in【2013·苏州】Sandyisarealbookloverandsheoftenbringshomemanybookstoread_______thelibrary.A.inB.forC.byD.from【2013·武汉】Suehasmanynicedresses.Shewearsadifferentoneeveryday_______theweek.A.ofB.fromC.atD.for【2013·荆州】Themodelplaneisn’tasniceasmysister’s,but________itwasmadebymyself.A.atlastB.atleastC.attimesD.atpresent【2013·丽水】Beforethebridgewasbuilt________theriver,thevillagershadtotakeaboattotheotherside.A.inB.besideC.acrossD.along【2013·聊城】Don’taskhimtostudytoolateinthenight.________,heisonlyasmallchild.A.AsaresultB.AfterallC.BestofallD.Forexample【2013·菏泽】Mostofkidsinourschoolenjoypopsongs,________somehitsongsontheInternetlikeTheCoolestEthnicTrend（最炫民族风）.A.besidesB.includingC.exceptD.without【2013·襄阳】-Whatdoyouoftendo________classestorelaxyourselves.-Weoftendoeyeexercises,listentomusicordosomerunningaroundtheschool.A.inB.amongC.betweenD.through【2013·孝感】Studentsshouldn’tgotoschool________breakfast.It’sbadfortheirhealth.A.withB.withoutC.forD.by【2013·广州】Icouldn’tdoit______yourgreathelp.Thanksalot!A.withB.withoutC.forD.to介词填空Couldyoutellmesomething______UFOsIamreallyinterestedinit.

2.Igotoschool_____eighto’clock.

3.Gina’sfatheris_______fortyyearsold.

4.Icanhelpyou______math.

5.Thepictureis_____thewall.

6.Thewindowsare_____thewall.

7.Manystudentsdohomework_____pens

8.Mybirthdayis______February,15th.

9.Children’sDayis_____June.

10.What’sthis_____Japanese

11.Pleasecomeandseeatourstore_____yourself.

12.Manybooksare____thebookcase.

13.Asetofkeysis____thedrawer.

14.Mymirror(镜子)is____thedresser.

15.Myshoesare_____thebed.

16.Tomusuallyplaysping-pong____twohours

17.Bis____A_____C.

18.Igotoschool______abackpack.

19.Pleasebringsomebooks_____school.

20.Wesellthesebags____sports_____$5.

21.Ibuytwopairsofshoes_____$50

22.Heoftenplayscomputergames____theevening.

23.Theyusuallyplaybasketball______Saturdaymorning.

24.Thisboyis______thetree.It’sverydangerous.(危险)。

25.Therearemanypears______thetree.

26.Hereisaphoto_____myfamily.

27.Thisisthemap_____China.

28.Thebankdoesn’topen_____Sunday.

29.Myparentsusuallygotothepark_____supper.

30.Wehavesocks_____allcolors.

31.Thanks_____yourletter.

32.Myfatherisstrict_____me_____mystudy.

33.Ieatanegg_______breakfast,

34.Heoftendoeshishomework_____home.

35.ThebankofChinais_____frontofthepostoffice.

36.Heusuallywatchesfootballgame____TV.

37.Ireallywant____gototheUSA.

38.Ilikecoffee_____milk.

39.It’snotpolitetotalk_____girl’sage.

40.Itisveryfar(远)_______China_______America.三、阅读练习

完形填空(共15小题，每小题l分;满分15分)阅读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Doyouknowthathumanshavebeencleaningtheirteethforover7,000yearsAccordingtotheBBC,theAncientEgyptiansusedatypeoftoothpaste(牙膏).___21____itisbelievedthattheEgyptiansusedafinger____22____atoothbrushtocleantheirteeth.Chinesepeoplemayhave____23____thefirsttoothbrusharound1,600BC.Yourtoothbrush,however,mayhavealsobecome____24___.Becauseitisnowpossibletocleanourteeth___25___usingourhands!TwoCanadians,AdelElseriandSaidFayad,haveinvented___26____calledT2Tor"tongue-to-teeth"Elserisayshecameupwiththeidea___27____hewasdrivinghomeafteralongdayatworkHis___28___isatoothbrushthatgoesontoyourtongue(舌)T2Thasspecialedges(边缘)andtoothpaste.Sojust___29____yourtongueoveryourteethanditcleansyourteethjustlikeatoothbrush___30___!ItwillmakeyourbreathfreshtooElseriandFayadmadethishand-freetoothbrushbecausetheybelieveditwasa__31___wayforsomeonetobrushtheirteeth.ButpeoplecanonlyusetheT2T___32____.Wouldyouusethetongue-to-teethTheHuffingtonPostintheUS___33____readerswhattheythought.Sixty-onepercentsaidthattheywoulduseitwhileonlythirty-ninepercentsaidthey___34____.PersonallyIthinkI'mgoingtostickto(坚持用)the___35____.21.A.SoB.ThenC.ButD.Or22.A.insteadofB.becauseofC.morethanD.lessthan23A.discoveredB.developC.builtD.developed24A.scienceB.historyC.problemDsecret25.AbyB.fromC.withoutDfor26.A.nothingB.everythingC.anythingD.something27.A.untilB.whenC.sinceD.though28.A.ideaB.storyC.wordDplan29A.holdB.pullC.moveD.check30AisB.doesC.wasD.did31AhealthierB.easierC.harderD.longer32A.againB.soonConceDalready33.A.toldB.askedC.warnedD.advised34.A.shouldn'tB.shouldC.wouldn'tD.would35.AfingerBtoothbrushC.mouthDtongueBritishtennisplayerAndyMurraywaitedsevenyearsbeforehecouldrealizehisGrandSlam(大满贯)dream.OnSeptember11,2012,Murraybeatdefendingchampion(卫冕冠军)NovakDjokovicintheUSOpenfinal.The25-year-oldfinallywonhisfirsteverGrandSlamtrophy(奖杯)sinceheturnedprofessional(职业的)in2005.Itwasaclosematchthatlastedfourhoursand54minutes.ThetwoaregoodfriendsandDjokovicisonlysevendaysyounger.Djokovichaswonfivetitles(冠军)whileMurraywastherunner-upinhislastfourGrandSlamfinals.WouldhebeabletowinagrandslamthefifthtimeofaskingEvenMurrayhimselfwasnotsure."Iwasstilldoubting(怀疑)myselfrightuptoafewminutesbeforegoingontoplaythematch.Ihavebeeninthispositionmanytimesandnottriedhardtogetthrough,"hetoldtheDailyMailafterhisvictory.Buthedidnotthinkabouthispastdisappointment(失望)toomuch.Instead,hefoughtthrough."1thinkjustprovingmyselfisprobab