四川省树德中学2020届高三英语三诊考试试题（含解析）

PAGE27-四川省树德中学2020届高三英语三诊考试试题（含解析）第I卷（100分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthemanworriedabout?A.Thecost.B.Theworktime.C.Themedicine’ssideeffects.2.WhatdoesMichaelwanttodo?A.LearnEnglish.B.Postaletter.C.Submitaform.3.Whichclubdidthegirlprobablyjoinlastyear?A.Thealgebraclub.B.Thelanguageclub.C.Thesportsclub.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theweather.B.Theskyscrapers.C.Thedarknight.5.Howlongistheman’sspeech?A.Aboutthreeminutes.B.Aboutfourminutes.C.Aboutfiveminutes.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatisthemandoing?A.Packingforatrip.B.Buyingasuitcase.C.Checkingforsecurity.7.Whatwillthemantakewithhimontheplane?A.Hisextrashoes.B.Hislargejacket.C.Hislightestclothes.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Coachandplayer.C.Teacherandstudent.9.Whatwilltheboydotochangehishabits?A.Practicesportsless.B.Tryanewlearningmethod.C.Setasidemoretimeinstudying.10.Howdoestheboyfeelabouthisstudies?A.Serious.B.Confident.C.Confused.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Howmanyfishhavebeenputback?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.12.Whatcanbesaidabouttheman?A.Hewantsonlyyoungfish.B.Hewantstokeeptheenvironmenthealthy.C.Hewantstocatchthebiggestone.13Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Onaboat.B.Inacar.C.Atthespeakers’house.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatisthemandoing?A.Givingaspeech.B.Conductingaprogram.C.Havingapsychologyclass.15.Whatpercentageoftheteenagersexperiencedepressionaccordingtothewoman?A.About33%.B.About25%.C.About50%.16.Howcanparentshelptheirkidsavoiddepression?A.Byjustbeingaroundthem.B.Byhiringconsultantsforthem.C.Bytakingpartinspecialactivities.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatdoweknowaboutShirley’sparents?A.TheyliveinBarbados.B.TheyworkinBrooklynCollege.C.TheywerepoorinShirley’schildhood.18.HowlongdidShirleyChisholmworkinthelowManhattan?A.Forfouryears.B.Forfiveyears.C.Forsevenyears.19.WhathappenedtoShirleyChisholmin1952?A.Shegainedadegreeineducation.B.SheattendedNewYorkUniversity.C.ShewaselectedtotheNewYorkStateAssembly.20.WhydidShirleyChisholmdecidetorunforPresidentoftheUnitedSates?A.Toshowshewasabletogovernthecountrywell.B.TomakemoreAmericanpeopleliveabetterlife.C.Togetridofdiscriminationagainstblackwomeninsociety.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AJoinusforanexcitingdayofmusicattheUNIDomewiththePantherMarchingBand!BandDayisperfectforhighschoolbandstudentsingrades9—12.Comeandjoinusforanoutstanding,positiveandfriendlymusicalandsocialexperienceforhighschoolbandstudents!Wehopeyou'llenjoythefellowshipwithotherbandstudentsthroughoutthestateandthefantasticperformancesofbands!Directorswhowishtobringtheirfullbandsorasmallergroupofbandstudentsshouldfindthistobeaneasyandfuneventtoorganizeandattend!Individual（个体的）studentswhowishtoparticipateassingleperformersarestronglyencouragedtoattend!You'llhaveachancetomeetourfantasticstudentsandperforminafriendly,welcomingenvironment!Date：November9Music：Alinktodownloadmusicwillbeincludedinyourconfirmationemailafteryouregister.MusicwillbeavailableatthatlinknolaterthanSeptember1.Registration:●Banddirectorsregisteringfullbandsorgroupsofstudentsfromthesamebandshouldregisterhere：https://bands,uni.edu/band-day-group-registration●Individualstudentsregisteringindependentlymayregisterhere：https：//bands.uni.edu/panther-band-day-individual-registrationCost：$10.00perstudentincludes：admissiontothegame,pizzadinner,musicandaBandDayT-Shirt.Notes：●We'vechangedourpaymentmethodtoimprovetheregistrationprocess.Individualstudentsmustpayusingacreditcardatthetimeofregistration.BanddirectorsmayeitherpaywithcreditcardormailacheckmadeouttoPantherMarchingBand.●FinaldeadlineforregistrationsubmissionsisMonday,October14.●Duetospacelimitations,band/individualstudentsmaybelimitedtoafirst-replybasis.1.Howcanaparticipantbenefitfromtheevent?A.Listentotheirfavoritepopularmusic.B.Getachancetojoinabandtheylove.C.Chatwithfamousmusiciansfacetoface.D.Knownewpeopleandenjoyperformances.2.Whencanaparticipantusethelinkintheconfirmationemailtodownloadmusic?A.OnAugust30. B.OnSeptember2.C.OnOctober14 D.OnNovember9.3.Whatareyouexpectedtodotoparticipateasanindividualstudent?A.Askforabanddirector'scompany. B.Senda10-dollarchecktotheBand.C.Pay10dollarswithyourcreditcard. D.EmailtheBandjustonNovember9.【答案】1.D2.A3.C【解析】这是一则广告。BandDay最适合9-12年级的高中乐队学生。快来加入我们，为高中乐队学生带来一场精彩、积极、友好的音乐和社会体验吧!这则广告介绍BandDay乐队的有关事宜。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Wehopeyou'llenjoythefellowshipwithotherbandstudentsthroughoutthestateandthefantasticperformancesofbands!和第三段You'llhaveachancetomeetourfantasticstudentsandperforminafriendly,welcomingenvironment!可知，参加者通过认识新朋友，欣赏表演，从活动中获益。故选D。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中Music：Alinktodownloadmusicwillbeincludedinyourconfirmationemailafteryouregister.MusicwillbeavailableatthatlinknolaterthanSeptember1.“在您注册后，下载音乐的链接将包含在您的确认电子邮件中。音乐将在9月1日之前在该链接提供”。由此推知，在八月三十日参加者可以使用电邮确认中的链接下载音乐。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文中Cost：$10.00perstudentincludes：admissiontothegame,pizzadinner,musicandaBandDayT-Shirt.可知，作为一个独立的学生，你应该用你的信用卡付10美元。故选C。BSallyDawlyisawomanfromAuburn,California.Overthelastthreeandahalfyears,theanti-litteringwomanhasspentmostofherfreetimepickingupcigarettebutts(烟头)fromthestreetsofherhomecity.Calledthe“ButtLady”byherlocalcommunity,DawlybeganhermissiontoridthestreetsofhercityofcigarettebuttsinOctober,2014.Thewomanlookedforcigarettebutts,pickedthemupandthrewtheminthetrash.Tokeepacountofhowmanybuttsshepicksup,theButtLadyhasbeenusingatablet,andearlierthismonth,shehitahistoricmilestone—onemillioncigarettebutts.“Igottiredofgoingonmywalksandseeingcigarettebuttseverywhere,”SallyDawlysaid.“I’mjustshockedthatIhadtopickupsomany.I’veeverpickedup3,000buttsinoneday,”shesaid.“Don’tthrowawayyourbutts;betteryet,stopsmoking.”Withsomanycigarettebuttslitteringthestreets,canoneperson’seffortsreallymakeadifference?Surprisingly,theanswerseemstobeyes.SoonaftertheButtLadyofAuburnstartedhermissionandwordofhereffortsspread,cigarettecansstartedappearingaroundbarsandrestaurantsinthecity.Membersofthelocalcommunityevencameouttocheerheronassheapproachedherone-million-buttmilestone.Sallyknowshercity’scigarettebuttlitteringproblemwon’tbesolvedanytimesoon,butshehopesherworkwillinspirepeopletoatleastthinktwicebeforedroppingcigarettebuttsinthestreets.Shehasdecidedtocontinuecleaningupafterirresponsiblesmokers,andalreadyhasanewmilestoneinhersights—twomillioncigarettebutts.WordoftheButtLady’seffortstokeepthestreetscigarettebutt-freehasreachedneighboringcommunitiesaswell,andCBSSacramentoreportsthatothercitieshavestartedseekingherhelpaswell.4.WhydoesSallyDawlycarryaniPadwithherwhilepickingupthebutts?A.Toentertainthecrowds.B.Tomonitorthesmokers.C.Toattractpeople’sattention.D.Torecordthenumberofbutts.5.HowdidSallyDawlyfeelwhenpickingupcigarettebutts?A.Excitedbutupset. B.ShockedandsorryC.Frightenedbutcontent. D.Astonishedanddesperate.6.Fromthetext.whatcanbeinferredaboutSallyDawly?A.Shepicksupnearly3,000cigarettebuttseveryday.B.ShewillworkinothercitiesinCaliforniainthefuture.C.Shehassetanewgoalofpickinguptwomillioncigarettebutts.D.Shepickeduponemillioncigarettebuttswithmembersofhercommunity.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.California’s“ButtLady”.B.Fightingagainstsmoking.C.Californianshealthproblems.D.SmokingproblemsinCalifornia.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。众所周知，吸烟有害健康，有时候让人更加烦恼的是随处可见的烟头。在美国加利福尼亚有这样一位“烟头女士（她利用业余时间捡拾烟头，并在最近捡到了第100万个烟头！【4题详解】事实细节题。由第二段中Tokeepacountofhowmanybuttsshepicksup,theButtLadyhasbeenusingatablet（平板电脑）一句可知为了记录自己捡到的烟头数量，theButtLady带了平板电脑。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知Sally很厌烦看到这么多烟头，她对捡起来这么多数量的烟头感到震惊，并且劝告大家最好不要吸烟。因此她的感受应该是“震惊和难过的”。故B项最恰当。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段andalreadyhasanewmilestoneinhersights—twomillioncigarettebutts可知C项正确。根据第三段…I’veeverpickedup3,000buttsinoneday…可知A项错误；根据最后一段可知Sally的行动影响了邻近的城市，但并不是她要去邻近的城市工作，故B项错误；根据倒数第三段Membersofthelocalcommunityevencameouttocheer可知D项错误。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。本文讲了来自加利福尼亚州的一位女士在业余时间捡起了一百万个烟头，并且获得了“烟头女士”的称号的故事，故A项最恰当。CWe'veallexperiencedit.Weinviteafriendtodinner,onlytolearnthatsheisthedreaded"V-word".Veganissomeonewhoallowsadietthatcontainsnoanimalmeat,fish,eggs,dairyproducts,oranyotherfoodthatcomesfromanimals.Theydifferfromvegetarians,whogenerallystilleatdairyandeggsaspartoftheirdiets.Vegansalsotypicallyabstainfromusinganyotherproductsthatcomefromanimals,suchashoneyandleatherjackets.Backin2008,vegansonlyaccountedforaround0.5percentoftheU.S.population,oraboutonemillionpeople.Asofpollstakenin2014,vegansnowmakeuproughly2.5percentofthepopulation.AtleastintheUnitedStates,womenseemtobefarbiggerfansofveganism,makinguparound79percentofvegans.Peopleonavegandiettendtobeleaner.Inacross-sectionalstudyofnearly40,000adults,meateatershadthehighestmeanbodymassindex,orBMI.Vegetarianswereinthemiddle,andveganshadthelowest.BasedonseveralstudiesfromFinland,somescientistshavesuggestedthatvegandietsmaybehelpfulinthetreatmentofrheumatoidarthritis(类风湿性关节炎).Vegansalsoappeartohavelowerratesofhypertension(高血压)thanbothmeateatersandvegetarians.Vegansalsotypicallyhavelowercardiometabolic(心脏代谢)risksforconditionslikeheartdiseaseorstrokes.Whiletherecertainlymaybesomehealthadvantagesingoingvegan,thereseemstobesomecommondeficienciesinthediet.OneofthesedeficienciesiswiththevitaminB-12.TheADAstatesthattherearenonaturalplantfoodsthatcontainanysignificantamountofthevitamin.Veganscanstillgetit,buttheyneedtotakeavitaminorconsumefortifiedfoodslikesoymilkandcertainbreakfastcereals.Omega-3fattyacids(欧米珈-3脂肪酸)arealsoverydifficulttocomebyonavegandiet,butthiscanbeovercomethroughtheconsumptionofalgae(海藻)supplements.Withvegansrequiringsupplementationtomeettheirnutritionalneeds,itsupportstheclaimthatveganismisunnatural,butthatdoesn'tnecessarilymeanit'sunhealthy.Manyhealthorganizations,includingtheADA,statethatwell-plannedvegandietsarehealthyandnutritionallyadequate,andmayprovidehealthbenefitsinthepreventionandtreatmentofcertaindiseases.Itseemslikenomatterwhatyourdietarypreferencesare,ahealthylifestylecanbeachievedonoroffavegandiet.8.Whichexampleillustrateshe/sheisavegan?A.His/Herdietismadeupoflargeamountsofplant-basedcarbohydrates.B.He/Sheeatsmeatonspecialoccasions,usuallypork,aswellassmallamountsoffishonaweeklybasis.C.He/Shebelievessmallamountsofanimalproductsarevitaltogoodhealth,andtheyinsistoneatingthemeveryday.D.He/ShefriesFrenchfriesbyanimaloil.9.WhichstatementisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Finlandistheleadingcountryintheworldtostudyveganism.B.VegetarianshadthehighestmeanBMI.C.Vegandietsmaybehelpfulinthetreatmentofcancer.D.ThenumberofveganintheU.S.isontherise.10.VitaminB-12canbegotfrom_______.A.variousvegetables B.soymilkandcerealsC.water D.sunbath11.Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardsgoingvegan?A.Objective. B.Subjective.C.Critical. D.Disapproval.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了纯素食主义者人数在美国正在上升，指出吃纯素的人往往更瘦，素食饮食可能有助于类风湿性关节炎的治疗，以及纯素食主义者患心脏病或中风等疾病的风险通常也较低。同时也说明了纯素食主义者的饮食中也存在一些普遍的缺陷。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中Veganissomeonewhoallowsadietthatcontainsnoanimalmeat,fish,eggs,dairyproducts,oranyotherfoodthatcomesfromanimals.可知纯素食主义者是指不吃任何动物的肉、鱼、蛋、奶制品或任何其他来自动物的食物的人。由此可推知，A选项“他/她的饮食中含有大量的植物性碳水化合物”能说明他/她是纯素食主义者。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Backin2008,vegansonlyaccountedforaround0.5percentoftheU.S.population,oraboutonemillionpeople.Asofpollstakenin2014,vegansnowmakeuproughly2.5percentofthepopulation.可知在2008年，纯素食者只占美国人口的0.5%，也就是大约100万人。2014年的民意调查显示，纯素食者现在约占总人口的2.5%。由此可知，D选项“美国纯素食者的人数正在上升”正确，故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Veganscanstillgetit,buttheyneedtotakeavitaminorconsumefortifiedfoodslikesoymilkandcertainbreakfastcereals.可知纯素食者仍然可以得到它，但他们需要服用维生素或食用强化食品，如豆奶和某些早餐谷物。由此可知，维生素B-12可以从豆奶和谷物中获得。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章内容可知第三段BasedonseveralstudiesfromFinland,somescientistshavesuggestedthatvegandietsmaybehelpfulinthetreatmentofrheumatoidarthritis(类风湿性关节炎).Vegansalsoappeartohavelowerratesofhypertension(高血压)thanbothmeateatersandvegetarians.说明了吃纯素的人往往更瘦，素食饮食可能有助于类风湿性关节炎的治疗，以及纯素食主义者患心脏病或中风等疾病的风险通常也较低，但是第四段Whiletherecertainlymaybesomehealthadvantagesingoingvegan,thereseemstobesomecommondeficienciesinthedie指出纯素食主义者的饮食中也存在一些普遍的缺陷。由此可推知，作者对成为素食主义者态度是客观的。故选A。D“Today,technicalinnovationsdominateoureverydaylifeinmanyareas.Newtechnologies,however,alwaysareassociatedwithrisks-andthesearealsoseenbylaymen,”saysChristophBöhmert,firstauthoroftherecentlypublishedstudyandresearcheroftheScienceCommunicationGroupofKIT'sInstituteforGermanStudies.“Itiscrucialtoenableadequatecommunicationbetweenscienceandsociety,whichdoesnotonlyconsiderscientificfindings,butalsoconcernsofthepopulation.”Thestudyclearlyshowedthatcommunicationofrisksmaybecomplicatedsometimes.Informationonefficientprecautionswasfoundtoleadtoanincreasedriskperceptionbytherecipientsoftheinformation.Intheirstudy,theresearchersanalyzedcommunicationaboutatechnologythathasbecomeindispensableinourlife-mobilecommunicationsandtheelectromagneticfields(电磁场)onwhichitisbased.Allovertheworld,radiationprotectionauthorities,suchastheGermanFederalOfficeforRadiationProtection,communicatethecurrentstateofresearchintorisksofelectromagneticfieldsasfollows:Investigationsmadeandallfindingsobtainedsofardonotallowanyconclusionstobedrawnwithrespecttomobilecommunicationsbeingariskforhumanhealth.But,theexpertscontinue,therestillareknowledgegapsasregardslong-termimpacts.Then,measuresarerecommendedtoreduceexposureoftheindividualtoelectromagneticfields.Ithadbeenknownfrompreviousstudiesalreadythatinformationonprecautionsmayincreaseworries.Ithadbeensuspectedthatpeopleconcludefromtherecommendationofprecautionsthattherereallyisarisk.Thiseffectwasnotconfirmedbytherecentstudy.Thescientistsratherattributedtheincreasedworriestoalackofknowledgeaboutthepropagation(传播)ofelectromagneticfields.Withintheframeworkofthestudy,therecommendedprecautionsweresubmittedto1717Australians,togetherwithoneofsixinformationbrochuresprovidingscientificbackgroundinformation.Whentestpersonsweregivennotonlytherecommendations,butalsoexplainedwhyobservationofthesetipsstronglyreducestheirexposuretoelectromagneticfields,worriesincreased.Forexample,scientistsexplainedtothetestpersonsthattelephoneconversationswithaheadsetlargelyreduceexposure.Whenamobilephoneislocatedtencentimetersinsteadofjustonecentimeterawayfromtheear,theelectricpowerabsorbedbytheearisaboutonehundredthoftheinitialvalue.Hence,theirownmobilephoneusuallycausesanexposurethatbyfarexceedsthatofmobilecommunicationsstationsthataregenerallyreferredtoas“cellphonetowers”.Whilethescientistswantedtoexplaintheeffectivenessofprecautions,testpersonsmainlyconsideredthisinformationtobeanindicationoftheirmobilephone-notthetransmissiontowers-beingdangerous.Asaresult,theyperceivedincreasedriskpotentialsfortelephoneconversationswiththeirmobilephones.“Thestudyrevealsthatmessagesonprecautionsandinformationareadouble-edgedswordintermsofsubjectiveriskperception.Theiruseshouldbefarbetterunderstood,”Boehmertsays.12.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Adequateinformationonefficientprecautionscanrelievetheconcernsofthepublic.B.Mobilecommunicationsdefinitelydoharmtopeople'shealthinthelongrun.C.Informationabouttechnologiesandtheirrisksmayhaveundesiredsideeffects.D.Observationoftheprecautionscanhelpreducetheconcernsofthepublic.13.Accordingtothepassage,wecanconcludethatthebestwaytorelievetheinappropriateworriesisto_______.A.enabletheuserstoknowbetterofscienceandtechnologyB.producenewelectricproductswithalowerradiationvalueC.providethepublicwithlessinformationoneffectiveprecautionD.informthepublicaboutthepotentialriskswithmorepatience14.Theunderlinedword“precaution”(firstappearsinparagraph1)hastheclosestmeaningto_______.A.introduction B.intentionC.recommendation D.prevention15.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.ScienceandTechnology:ADouble-edgedSwordB.TechnicalInnovation:WorriesandInformationC.ScienceandTechnology:SecurityTipsforUsersD.TechnicalInnovations:EffectivenessofPrecautions【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.D【解析】这是一篇议论文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了关于技术及其风险的信息可能有不良的副作用，一方面让人们加以防范，同时也增加了过度恐惧，所以要学会有效的预防。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中Thestudyclearlyshowedthatcommunicationofrisksmaybecomplicatedsometimes.Informationonefficientprecautionswasfoundtoleadtoanincreasedriskperceptionbytherecipientsoftheinformation.可知研究清楚地表明，风险沟通有时可能是复杂的。关于风险的预防知识，反而加剧了人们对风险的认识。由此可知，关于技术及其风险的信息可能会产生意想不到的副作用。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中Thescientistsratherattributedtheincreasedworriestoalackofknowledgeaboutthepropagationofelectromagneticfields.可知科学家们将这种担忧的增加归咎于对电磁场传播知识的缺乏。由此可推知，减轻不适当的担忧的最好方法是让用户更好地了解科学和技术。故选A。【14题详解】词义猜测题。短文主要通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了关于技术及其风险的信息可能有不良的副作用，一方面让人们加以防范，同时也增加了过度恐惧。再根据根据上文Thestudyclearlyshowedthatcommunicationofrisksmaybecomplicatedsometimes.可知研究清楚地表明，风险沟通有时可能很复杂。以及后文wasfoundtoleadtoanincreasedriskperceptionbytherecipientsoftheinformation.可知有关有效预防措施的信息被发现会导致信息接收者的风险认知增加。下文对此观点进行了论证。故划线单词意思为“预防”。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中Thestudyclearlyshowedthatcommunicationofrisksmaybecomplicatedsometimes.Informationonefficientprecautionswasfoundtoleadtoanincreasedriskperceptionbytherecipientsoftheinformation.可知研究清楚地表明，风险沟通有时可能是复杂的。有关有效预防措施的信息被发现会导致信息接收者的风险认知增加。结合作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了关于技术及其风险的信息可能有不良的副作用，要学会有效的预防。故D选项“技术创新：预防措施的有效性”符合文章标题。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Whatismentalhealth?Mentalhealthisanexpressionweuseeveryday,soitmightsurpriseyouthattheterm‘mentalhealth’isfrequentlymisunderstood.___16___AccordingtotheWHO,however,mentalhealthis

“astateofwell-beinginwhicheveryindividualrealizeshisorherownpotential,candealwiththenormalstressesoflife,canworkfruitfully,andisabletomakeacontributiontoherorhiscommunity.”___17___Tomakethingsabitclearer,someexpertshavetriedcomingupwithdifferenttermstoexplainthedifferencebetween‘mentalhealth’and‘mentalhealthconditions’,suchas‘goodmentalhealth’,‘mentalwell-being’,andeven‘happiness’.___18___Asaresult,someofthemhavetriedtoexplainthedifferencebytalkingaboutacontinuouswholewherementalhealthisatoneendoftherangewhilementalhealthconditionsareattheother.Researchshowsthathighlevelsofmentalhealthareassociatedwithincreasedlearning,creativityandproductivity._____19_____Incontrast,mentalhealthconditionscancausedistressandbadeffectonrelationships.Theyarealsorelatedtopoorphysicalhealthanddeathfromsuicide.___20___Thefactthatsomeoneisnotexperiencingamentalhealthconditiondoesn’tnecessarilymeanhismentalhealthisgood.Likewise,it’spossibletobediagnosedwithamentalhealthconditionwhilefeelingwellinmanyaspectsoflife.Briefly,mentalhealthisaboutbeingemotionallyandsociallyhealthy–thewaywethink,feelanddeveloprelationships-andnotmerelytheabsenceofamentalhealthcondition.A.Soinsteadofbeingabout‘what’stheproblem?’,it’sreallyabout‘what’sgoingwell?'.B.Itisoftenmistakenlyusedasasubstitute(替代)formentalhealthconditions.C.This,however,willhelppreventmentalhealthconditions.D.Butothersarguethatusingmorewordstodescribethesamethingjustaddstotheconfusion.E.Theycanalsoimprovesocialrelationshipsandphysicalhealth.F.Manypeopleareaffectedbydepressions,anxietyandsuicide.G.Butit’simportanttorememberthatmentalhealthiscomplex.【答案】16.B17.A18.D19.E20.G【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。文章介绍了什么是心理健康。【16题详解】考查上下文及句意理解。根据上文“心理健康是我们每天使用的一种表达方式，因此“心理健康”经常被误解的‘可能会让你感到惊讶。”可知，B项“它经常被错误地用作精神健康状况的替代品。”符合此处语境。原文中的isfrequentlymisunderstood与选项中的isoftenmistakenlyused相对应。故B选项正确。【17题详解】考查上下文及句意理解。根据下文“为了让事情更清楚一些，一些专家尝试用不同的术语来解释‘心理健康’和‘心理健康状况’之间的区别”可知，A项关于一个问题使用不同的提问方式的描述符合此处语境。故A选项正确。【18题详解】考查上下文及句意理解。根据上文“一些专家尝试用不同的术语来解释‘心理健康’和‘心理健康状况’之间的区别，诸如‘良好的心理健康’、‘心理健康’甚至‘幸福’。”可知，D项“但也有人认为，用更多的词来描述同一件事只会增加困惑。”符合此处语境。原文中的someexperts与选项中的others相对应。故D选项正确。【19题详解】考查上下文及句意理解。根据下文“相反，心理健康状况会对人际关系造成困扰和不良影响。它们还与身体健康不良和自杀死亡有关。”可知，E项“高水平的心理健康还可以改善社会关系和身体健康。”符合此处语境。故E选项正确。【20题详解】考查上下文及句意理解。根据下文“事实上，一个人没有精神健康状况并不一定意味着他的精神健康是好的。同样，在生活的许多方面都感觉良好的同时，也有可能被诊断为精神疾病。”可知，G项“但重要的是要记住心理健康是复杂的。”符合此处语境。故G选项正确。【点睛】七选五题型主要考查上下文的理解与推断，虽然文章整体难度一般低于阅读理解，但是却给很多同学造成了很大的心理障碍。七个选项中选五个，比四个选项中选一个，感觉干扰性更大，很多同学在做这个题目时，总有一种眼花缭乱、心烦气躁的感觉，致使往往正确率不高。在这里提醒同学们，首先要克服心理障碍，同时要注意方式方法。首先，一定要注意文章开头的段落，文章第一段一般是主题段，会点明一篇文章要讲述的内容，做到心中有数；其次，注意设空前后的句子，因为这些句子之间是顺承和联系的，所有一定要联系和理解上下文的语境。如第3小题，根据上文“一些专家尝试用不同的术语来解释‘心理健康’和‘心理健康状况’之间的区别，例如‘良好的心理健康’、‘心理健康’甚至‘幸福’。”可知，D项“但也有人认为，用更多的词来描述同一件事只会增加困惑。”符合此处语境。原文中的someexperts与选项中的others相对应。故D选项正确。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。完形填空请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ItisdarknowwhenIbeginmyearlymorningwalkinthewoods.Andnowthatautumnhasmarchedintowinter,darknesspersistswellbeyondmy6a.m.starttime.Pathshavebecomefamiliarafteryearsofhiking.Butrocksandtreerootshavemagicallyappearedfrompreviously___21___ground.CertainlyIhitmytoeagainstor___22___onsomeunseenbarriers.Fallenbranchesfromlastnight’sstorm___23___inwait.Layersofautumnleavescreateafalsefloorthroughwhichmytrustingfootsteps___24___Sometimesapieceofmoondonatessome___25___tothemysterypath.Butwhenskiesaredark,thereareno___26___cluesforwhereIstep.MyveryfirstnighthikewasduringsummercamponawarmAugustnightinthewoods.Ourleader___27___brightflashlightssowewouldnotscareawaythenightcreatureswehopedtofind.“Seewithyour___28___,”theleadertoldusoverandoveragain.___29___,thatadvicetookeffect.With____30____andcourage,itdidn’ttakelongbeforeourfeetbecame____31____totheground’stextures(质地)andirregularities.Toeslearnedto____32____forbarriersbeforetrustingfullweightonfeet.Holesanddipsinthegroundweredetectedin____33____ofpossiblefallButmistakes____34____happen.MyfootgetscaughtonatripandIfall.Sincethepaceis____35____,thereislittledamageexcepttopride.Once____36____,Ipausetofeelthefirmnessofearthbeneathme.Onmywayhome,asdawn____17____day,Ithinkabouthowsimilarnighthikesaretojourneysthroughlife.Thesamerulesoften___37___forboth:slowdown,concentration,“see”withnewsenses—anddon’tbe___38___Althoughthepathisfullof____39____—hiddenbarriers,falsesurface,wetfloor—theearthissolidandfirmbeneath.Itisthenatureofnightground.Itisthenatureoflife.21.A.level B.soft C.wet D.hard22.A.step B.tour C.trip D.go23.A.stand B.hang C.stain D.lie24.A.break B.sink C.walk D.remove25.A.coldness B.light C.loneliness D.courage26.A.vague B.typical C.visual D.conscious27.A.forbade B.shone C.removed D.collected28.A.eyes B.toes C.hands D.feet29.A.Directly B.Amazingly C.Possibly D.Luckily30.A.contribution B.appreciation C.concentration D.expectation31.A.suspicious B.cautious C.tentative D.sensitive32.A.explore B.head C.clarify D.assess33.A.need B.search C.advance D.spite34.A.also B.still C.even D.ever35.A.rapid B.mild C.slow D.gentle36.A.up B.down C.out D.away37.A.makesupfor B.makeswayfor C.makesuseof D.makessenseof38.A.work B.apply C.answer D.suit39.A.disappointed B.confused C.scared D.annoyed40.A.darkness B.hopelessness C.anxieties D.uncertainties【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.B25.B26.C27.A28.D29.B30.C31.D32.A33.C34.B35.C36.B37.B38.A39.C40.D【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文讲述了我在领队的带领下在黑暗中穿过森林，失去了视线的情况下只能用脚探路，作者联想到我们的人生之路，只有脚踏实地，全神贯注慢慢来，才能不断前行。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经过多年的徒步旅行，路变得非常熟悉。但是，岩石和树根已经神奇地从以前的地表水平裸露出来。A.level水平的；B.soft柔软的；C.wet湿的；D.hard困难的。多年后，原来的树长大了，树根大到突出了地面，岩石经过多年雨水的冲刷露出了地面。文中levelground指的是水平地面。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，我的脚趾碰到了或者说是绊倒了一些看不见的障碍。A.step步伐；B.tour观光；C.trip旅行;绊倒，绊;轻快地走，跳；D.go走。or引出句子即对前一句Ihitmytoeagainst进行解释，而且句中提到unseenbarriers即看不见的障碍，所以填trip指绊倒。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从昨夜的风暴中倒下的树枝在地上埋伏着等待。A.stand站立；B.hang绞死；C.stain玷污；D.lie躺;说谎;坐落在;处于…状态。根据“Fallenbranchesfromlastnight’sstorm”可知，树枝在地上埋伏着等待。lieinwaitfor埋伏着等待；此处用的是一种拟人的手法。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：层层的秋天树叶创造一个虚假的地面，我的信任的脚步沉了下去A.break（使）破;打破;（纪录）（常指好天气）突变;开始;；B.sink下沉，淹没;下落;退去;渐渐进入;C.walk走步；D.remove去除;开除;脱掉，拿下;迁移。根据上文可知，昨夜刚刚下完雨，所以地面是松弛的，所以走路时，脚会往下陷。故选B。【25题详解】考查