Unit1ScienceFictionReviewusefulstructures复习被动语态课件高二英语人教版选择性

ReviewusefulstructurespassivevoiceXiaoMing’sCellphoneXiaoMing’scellphone_________(break)①.Icouldn’tgetthroughtohimwhilethecellphone________(repair)②.Iwantedtoinformhimthathe________(admit)③tothebasketballclub.Cellphones_____(use)④widelynowadays.Itseemsthatthey____(use)⑤sofrequentlythatpeople_______(control)⑥bythem.Someonethinksthatcellphonesshould_____(restrict)⑦onsomeoccasions.XiaoMing’scellphone______(repair)⑧wellsoon.MaybebynextSundaythecellphone_______(bring)⑨homeand________(use)⑩again.XiaoMing’sCellphoneXiaoMing’scellphonewasbroken①.Icouldn’tgetthroughtohimwhilethecellphonewasbeingrepaired②.Iwantedtoinformhimthathehadbeenadmitted③tothebasketballclub.Cellphonesarewidelyused④nowadays.Itseemsthattheyarebeingused⑤sofrequentlythatpeoplehavebeencontrolled⑥bythem.Someonethinksthatcellphonesshouldberestricted⑦onsomeoccasions.XiaoMing’scellphonewillberepaired⑧wellsoon.MaybebynextSundaythecellphonewillhavebeenbrought⑨homeandwillbebeingused⑩again.规则感悟①是一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were＋过去分词。②是过去进行时的被动语态，结构为was/were＋being＋过去分词。③是过去完成时的被动语态，结构为hadbeen＋过去分词。④是一般现在时的被动语态，结构为is/am/are＋过去分词。⑤是现在进行时的被动语态，结构为is/am/are＋being＋过去分词。⑥是现在完成时的被动语态，结构为have/hasbeen＋过去分词。⑦是带情态动词的被动语态，结构为情态动词＋be＋过去分词。⑧是一般将来时的被动语态，结构为will＋be＋过去分词。⑨是将来完成时的被动语态，结构为will＋havebeen＋过去分词。⑩是将来进行时的被动语态，结构为will＋be＋being＋过去分词。Scanthereadingtextandunderlinealltheverbsinthepassivevoice.Thendiscusswithapartnerwhythepassivevoiceisused.(P5E1)Itwasgoingtobetested

outbyLarry’swife,Claire.(para1)…butLarrypersuadedherthattherobotwouldn’tharmherorallowhertobeharmed.(para2)Nowshewasbeinglookedafterbyarobotthatlookedsohuman,anditwasdisturbing.(para3)…shewasbeingofferedsympathybyarobot,…(para4)Ashewasnotallowedtoaccompanyhertotheshops,…(para6)SosherangTonyandtoldhimshewasbeingtreatedbadly.(para6)Howawfultobediscoveredbyher,Clairethought.(para6)…,whichwasbeingcompletelytransformed,wouldbeready.(para7)语态用来表示主语与谓语之间的关系。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者

什么时候常用被动语态不知道动作的执行者没有必要指出动作的执行者强调动作的承受者

Theintroductionofthepassivevoice:Reviewpassivevoice.TensesFormsthesimplepresenttensethesimplepasttensethesimplefuturetensethepastfuturetensethepresentcontinuoustensethepastcontinuoustensethepresentperfecttensethepastperfecttensethefutureperfecttenseincludingmodalverb助动词be+及物动词的过去分词am/is/are+donewas/were+doneshall/willbe+donewouldbe+doneam/is/arebeing+donewas/werebeing+donehave/hasbeen+donehadbeen+donewillhavebeen+donemodalverbbe+donetheformofpassivevoice

1.特殊结构的被动形式(1)双宾动词的被动结构

例：He

gave

her

some

money.

She

was

given

some

money.

Some

money

was

given

to

her.带有双宾语的主动句，变被动句时，一般把“人”提前作主语；将“物”提前则要在“人”的前面加to

或for。

带复合宾语的动词变被动语态时,一般将主动结构中的宾语变为被动结构中的主语,而将宾语补足语保留不动(这时的宾语补足语为主语补足语)。(2)带复合宾语的动词的被动结构

例：HisfathercalledhimJack.HewascalledJackbyhisfather.

(3)“it+be+过去分词+从句”式的被动结构:Itisknown/suggested/believed/reportedacknowledged/calculated/estimated/required…thatPeoplesaythatheisanagriculturalscientist.→Itissaidthatheisanagriculturalscientist.→Heissaidtobeanagriculturalscientist.Weexpectthatourteamwillwinthegame.→Itisexpectedthatourteamwillwinthegame.→Ourteamisexpectedtowinthegame.2.不及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。Anaccidenthappenedontheroadlastnightandfivepeoplewerekilled.昨晚这条路上发生了一起意外事故，五个人遇难。上周那个地区发生了一场大火。Abigfirebrokeoutinthearealastweek.常见的有：happen/takeplace/occur发生；remain剩下；breakout爆发；last持续；comeout出版；comeup被提出；loseheart失去信心；runout用完。3.某些及物动词和动词短语无被动语态狮子和老虎属于猫科。Lionsandtigersbelongtothecatfamily.常见的有：have有；cost花费；lack缺少；suit适合；belongto属于；sufferfrom遭受；datefrom/backto追溯到；consistof由……组成；takepartin参加。4.主动形式表示被动意义的结构(1)表示主语的某种属性特征或功能的动词Thesignreadsasfollows.告示如下。Theshirtdoesn’twashwell.这件衬衫不好洗。Hernewbookisveryinterestingandsellswell.她的新书很有趣很畅销。常见的有：，如read，write，sell，wash，clean，cook，draw等，常与well，easily，smoothly等副词连用，常用其主动形式表达被动意义，主语通常是物。Junkfood___________(taste)deliciousbutitdoesn’tcontainenoughnutrition.垃圾食品吃起来美味但营养不足。Youridea_________(sound)wonderfulbutitisn’tpractical.你的想法听起来很棒但不切实际。tastessounds(2)系动词如look,seem,appear,feel,taste,smell,sound,remain,stay,continue,become,grow,get,come,go等后接形容词作表语。BNomatterwhathedidtothedoor，it_______open.A.didn’tB.wasn’tC.wouldn’tD.hadn’t不论他怎么对付这个门，它就是打不开。(3)open，close，lock，move，keep等动词常与won’t，can’t，wouldn’t连用。B

Thepolicyispartly___________(blame)forcausingtheworstunemployment

inEurope.(5)在betoblame结构中，动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。

(4)当want,need,require,deserve表示“需要”或“值得”时，在或worth等形容词的后面其宾语可用动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义。

Thecarpetreallywants_______________(clean)

Thefilmiswellworth____________(see).cleaning/tobecleaned.seeingtoblame

(6)在某些“主语(人/物)＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构中例：Thequestionisdifficulttoanswer.

Theproblemisdifficulttowork______

在“be+形容词+不定式”结构中，不定式表示的动词与句子主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系时，用主动形式表示被动意义。常见形容词有：cheap,easy,comfortable,difficult,hard,light,heavy,expensive,pleasant,interesting,fit等

out.Thepatientgot________(treat)onceaweek.那位病人一周接受一次治疗过马路时要小心，否则你可能会被汽车撞到。Becarefulwhenyoucrosstheroad,oryoumaygethitbyacar.

“get＋过去分词”也可以表示被动，此结构比较口语化。treatedCompletethesentenceswithappropriateformsoftheverbsinbrackets.ThentrytotranslatethesesentencesintoChinese.(P5E2)Whatisdonecannot___________.(undo)beundone木已成舟Janet___________chairwomanofthestudentunionlastmonth.(elect)waselectedTwohundredgrammesofflourshould_________tothecakemix.(add)珍妮特上个月当选为学生会主席。beadded蛋糕料里需要加入两百克面粉。A3,000-seatvenue________________________forthecircusperformanceinNovember.(build)wasbuilt/willbebuilt一个拥有三千座位,供马戏表演使用的场地于十一月建成/将在十一月建成。Workingefficiency_________________sincethisnewsoftwarewasadopted.(improve)Onlyonepieceofcarry-onluggage_______________foreacheconomyclasspassenger.(allow)自从采用了新软件,工作效率就被提升了。hasbeenimprovedItisagreathonourformeto______________toaddressthisinternationalAIconference.(invite)经济舱的乘客每人仅允许携带一件随身行李。isallowedbeinvited我很荣幸能被邀请在AI大会上发言。WhenIenteredtheroom,Ifoundthatthesalesman’ssalary____________________atthemeeting.(discuss)WithexamsbeingadaptedintoBraille,ablindseniorhighschoolstudentscored630pointsoutof650intheCollegeEntranceExamination.Heisexpected_____________toatopuniversity.(admit)我进会议室的时候发现正在讨论销售员的薪水。wasbeingdiscussed使用转换为盲文的高考试卷,一位高中的视障学生考取了630分(总分650）。他有望被一所名校录取。tobeadmittedReadtheintroductiontoasciencefictionnovelandcompletethepassageusingthecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.(P5E3)Sciencefiction__________bymanypeopleasamirrorthroughwhichourfuturecanbefreelyimaginedand___________________.TheThree-BodyProblem,______byChinesewriterLiuCixin,isoneofthoseastonishingpredictionsaboutthefuture.TheworkwasfirstpublishedinaChinesesci-fimagazinein2006andprintedasathree-volumebookin2008.Whenthefirstvolume_______________intoEnglishbyChinese-AmericanauthorKenLiu,itattractedattentionaroundtheworld,becomingthefirstAsianwinneroftheHugoAwardforBestNovel.Thebook__________manythemessuchasspaceexploration,aliencontact,Al,andthefutureofhumans.Para1isregardedexplored/representedwrittenwastranslatedrepresentsTheThree-BodyProblembeginswiththestoriesoftwounrelatedpeople,YeWenjieandWangMiao.Ye_____________tojoinasecretprojectinaremoteareaofChina,which______________tocontactalienlifeforms.Intheotherstory,set20yearslater,WangMiao_____________inapopularonlinegamecalled“ThreeBody”,inwhichpeopleliveonanunknownplanetwiththreesuns.ButWangdiscoversitismorethanagame—ituncoversagreatdangerthreateninghumanexistence.Howarethesetwopeople’sstories___________AndhowwilltheirbehaviourchangeEarth’sfutureandthecivilisationsofotherplanetsAnswerstoallthesequestionsarewaitingto_______________whenyougoonreading.Para2bediscoveredisrecruitedhasbeensetupgetscaughtupconnectedReadtheintroductiontoasciencefictionnovelandcompletethepassageusingthecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.(P5E3)《三体》是刘慈欣创作的长篇科幻小说系列，由《三体》《三体2∶黑暗森林》《三体3∶死神永生》组成，第一部于2006年5月起在《科幻世界》杂志上连载。作品讲述了地球人类文明和三体文明的信息交流、生死搏杀及两个文明在宇宙中的兴衰历程。WhydoestheauthorwritethispassageReadthepassageagainandanswerthequestionsblow.(P5E3)Howdoeshe/sheconveyhis/herpurposeThepassageisabookintroductiontothesci-finovelTheThree-BodyProblem,writtenbyChinesewriterLiuCixin.WithTheThree-BodyProblem,thewriterintendstotellushowourfuturecanbefreelyimaginedandrepresentedinsciencefiction.Thefirstparagraphtellsaboutthebook’swriterandtranslatorandintroducesitsinfluenceandachievement.Thesecondparagraphcontainsaverybriefsummaryofthebook’sbeginning,whichisaimedtoarousereaders’curiosity.1.Thecity

(recognize)asthemusicalcapitalofEuropesincethe16thcentury，hometothelikesofMozartandBeethoven.2.Mywashingmachine

(repair)thisweek，soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.3.Nowadays，cycling，alongwithjoggingandswimming，____________

(regard)asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.4.WeallfeelitisJackaswellashiswifethatis

(blame)fortheirson’sbadperformanceatschool.对点练习hasbeenrecognizedisbein