2025版新教材高中英语Unit5WorkingtheLandSectionⅣ写作指导提能作业新人教版选择性必修第一册

UNIT5SectionⅣⅠ.阅读理解(2024·辽宁省鞍山市鞍钢中学高一期中)Whilethebananaisacommonfruitweenjoyinourdailylives,haveyouheardofitsrelative,theensetbanana(埃塞俄比亚蕉)？Thisplantisamainfoodformorethan20millionpeopleinEthiopia.Scientistsbelievethattheensethasthepotentialtoprovidefoodforover100millionpeopleinAfrica.Thiscouldbeagame­changerforaddressingthefoodshortageduetoclimatechange.However,don'tbefooledbyitsorangefruits！Unlikethebanana,thefruitsoftheensetplantarenoteatable,whichhasearneditthenicknameof“falsebanana”．Foodmadefromensets'rootsisespeciallyhighinnutrients(养分)．Theensetcanfeedmorepeoplepersquaremeterofcropthanmostcereals(谷物)．ThismakesitakeycroptofocusonastheneedtomaximizetheoutputofagriculturallandinAfricagrowsevermoreurgent.WhenEthiopiaexperienceditsmostseriousfamineduringthe1980s,theensetplayedamajorroleinhelpingcommunitiesrecoverfromthefamine.Theensetisalsousedintraditionalmedicine,animalfeedandsoon.Becauseofclimatechange,unstabletemperaturesandextremeweathereventsareposingriskstocropharvests.ThisthreatenstoworsenfoodshortageinmanyregionsofAfrica.Scientistsbelievethattheensetcanbecomeamajorsolutionforsolvingthisissue.Theensetisaveryhardyplant,abletohaveagoodharvestatawiderangeoftemperaturesandgeographicalregions.Whilescientistsdonotforeseeitreplacingthestaplecropsinotherregions,theyhopethattheensetcanbegrownwidelyinAfrica.Theensetbananaiscertainlyfamousforitsuniquequalitiesthathavegivenitthename“thetreeagainsthunger”．Itisanexampleofhowfoodproductionistransforminginourworldinthefaceofclimatechange.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲解并描述了埃塞俄比亚蕉是非洲主要的农作物，因为其独特的品质和高产量在对抗饥饿问题上起着关键作用。1．Whyistheensetcalled“falsebanana”？AA．Becauseitsfruitscannotbeeaten.B．Becauseitsfruitslooklikeoranges.C．Becauseitsfruitsarerichinnutrients.D．Becauseitsfruitstastedifferentlyfrombananas.解析：微小环节理解题。依据其次段中的“Unlikethebanana...of‘falsebanana’．”可知，这种香蕉被称为“假香蕉”是因为它的水果不能吃。故选A。2．WhatmakestheensetakeycropinAfrica？CA．Itsgoodquality.B．Itsmultiplepurposes.C．Itshighoutput.D．Itspredictablefuture.解析：微小环节理解题。依据第三段中的“Theensetcanfeed...growsevermoreurgent.”可知，埃塞俄比亚蕉是非洲的关键作物是因为它的高产量。故选C。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hardy”inParagraph4mean？BA．Accessible. B．Adaptable.C．Adjustable. D．Available.解析：词义揣测题。依据画线词下文“abletohaveagoodharvestatawiderangeoftemperaturesandgeographicalregions”可知，埃塞俄比亚蕉能够适应不同的温度和地域，由此可推知，这是一种适应性强的作物，画线词与“adaptable”意思相近。故选B。4．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext？AA．Enset:ATreeAgainstHungerB．Enset:ACureforDiseaseC．Enset：AReplacementofCerealsD．Enset:ARelativeofBanana解析：标题推断题。通读全文，文章讲解并描述了埃塞俄比亚蕉是非洲主要的农作物，因为其独特的品质和高产量在对抗饥饿问题上起着关键作用，被称为“对抗饥饿的树”，故A项(埃塞俄比亚蕉：对抗饥饿的树)最适合作为文章标题。故选A。Ⅱ.七选五依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2024·陕西渭南高一期末)Agricultureisplayinganimportantpartintheworld.Nowlet'shavealookatsomedifferentmethodsofagriculture.TraditionalAgricultureMostCanadianfarmersfocusonhighproductivityfromafewmainproducts,suchasbeefcattle,wheatcrops,orgreenhouseproduce.1.F,althoughnotasaprimaryresource.Croprotation(轮番耕作)killscertainpestsandkeepsthelandrich.Infact,traditionalagricultureismainfarming.OrganicAgricultureItisgrowingpopular.Farmerswhofocusonprotectingtheenvironmentbelievethatasuccessfulorganicsystembeginswithahealthysoilthatdevelopshealthyplants,farmanimalsandpeople.2.A,1.7%ofCanadianfarmswereprovedorganicin2009.TheNaturalSolutionItisfromnaturalinsectcontrol.Abagisusedtoshipcertainkindsofinsectsfromthesuppliertoanorganicfarmer.Farmersavoidchemicalswithnaturalmethods,suchasusinginsectstoattackagriculturalpests.3.E.GeneticEngineering4.G.Thereasonsincludeincreasedproductionandtheconvenientmanagementofinsects,diseasesandwildgrass.Geneticallyengineeredcropsaccountformostofthecorn,andsoybeanplantingsinCanadaandtheUnitedStates.5.CFarmerswhowanttobuyspecialseedsmustsignanagreementwiththeseedsupplier.Onerequirementisthatthefarmershouldn'tkeepseedsfromthepresentyear'scropforplantinginthefollowingseason.A．DespitethehighercostsoflaborB．CanadianInorganicAgricultureC．TechnologyUseAgreementD．PeopleinCanadaandtheUnitedStatesarecrazyaboutgrowingplantsandraisinganimalsE．Thismethodhasnoinfluenceonacrop'snutritionalvalueF．TheyalsogrowadditionalcropsorraisedifferentfarmanimalsG．Farmersdecidetogrowengineeredcropsformanyreasons文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些不同的农业方法。解析：1．依据上文“MostCanadianfarmersfocuson...orgreenhouseproduce.”可知，大多数加拿大农夫专注于几种主要产品的高产，如肉牛、小麦作物或温室产品。依据下文“althoughnotasaprimaryresource(虽然不是主要资源)”可知，本句是在说明加拿大农夫种植的其他作物或饲养的其他动物。F项(他们还种植额外的作物或饲养不同的农场动物)承上启下。故选F。2．依据上文“Itisgrowingpopular...farmanimalsandpeople.(它越来越受欢迎。留意疼惜环境的农夫认为，一个成功的有机系统始于健康的土壤，它能培育健康的植物、家畜，从而让人类吃得健康。)”以及下文“1.7%ofCanadianfarmswereprovedorganicin2009(2009年，加拿大有1.7%的农场是有机农场)”可知，本段主要是关于有机农场的说明，上文主要介绍了其优点，设空处应介绍其缺点，故A项(尽管劳动力成本更高)符合语境。故选A。3．依据上文“Farmersavoidchemicalswithnaturalmethods,suchasusinginsectstoattackagriculturalpests.)”可知，农夫避开运用化学药品，而是用自然的方法，比如昆虫来应付农业害虫，E项(这种方法对作物的养分价值没有影响)承接上文，说明自然防虫法没有负面作用。故选E。4．依据小标题“GeneticEngineering”以及下文“Thereasonsinclude...diseasesandwildgrass.(其缘由包括产量的增加，昆虫、病虫害、野草的管理便利。)”可知，此处主要是介绍农夫种植转基因作物，G项(农夫确定种植转基因作物的缘由有很多)引出下文。故选G。5.依据下文“Farmerswhowant...inthefollowingseason.(想要购买特殊种子的农夫必需与种子供应商签订协议。其中一项要求是，农夫不应保留本季种子到下一季种植。)”可知，本段说明的是农夫与种子供应商签订协议。故C项(技术运用协议)适合作本段小标题，选项中的“Agreement”对应下文中的“agreement”。故选C。Ⅲ.完形填空阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2024·广东省江门市其次中学)Therewasonceafarmerwhohadafineoliveorchard(橄榄园)．Hewasveryhardworking,andthe1.Aalwaysprospered(旺盛)underhiscare.Butheknewthathisthree2.Blookeddownuponthefarmwork,andwereeagertomakewealth.Whenthefarmerwas3.Bandfeltthathewoulddie,he4.Cthethreesonstohimandsaid，“Mysons,thereisapotofgold5.Cintheoliveorchard.Digforit,ifyouwishit.”Afterthefarmerwas6.C,thesonswenttoworktofindthepotofgold;sincetheydidnotknowwherethehidingplacewas,theyagreedtobegininaline,atone7.Aoftheorchard,andtodiguntiloneofthemshouldfindthemoney.They8.Auntiltheyhadturnedupthe9.Bfromoneendoftheorchardtotheother,10.Bthetree­roots(树根)andbetweenthem.Butnopotofgoldwastobefound.Thethreesonswerebitterly11.Atohavetheirworkfornothing.Thenextolive12.A,theolivetreesintheorchardbore(结果实)morefruitthantheyhadevergiven;whenitwas13.B,itgavethesonsawholepotofgold.Andwhentheysawhowmuchmoneyhad14.Dtheorchard,theysuddenlyunderstoodwhatthewisefatherhad15.Dwhenhesaid，“Thereisgoldintheorchard.Digforit,ifyouwishit.”文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。橄榄园园主靠着他的勤劳把橄榄园经营得一片繁盛，在他临死前，他以他自己独特的方式让儿子们懂得了勤劳才是真正的财宝的道理。1．A.farm B．gardenC．factory D．hospital解析：依据下文“Butheknewthathisthree2lookeddownuponthefarmwork”可知，老人经营的是农场。故选A。2．A.friends B．sonsC．relatives D．children解析：依据下文“wereeagertomakewealth”可知，儿子不情愿干农活只愿赚钱。故选B。3．A.healthy B．oldC．unlucky D．sad解析：依据下文“feltthathewoulddie”可知，农夫年老快要死了。故选B。4．A.showed B．ledC．called D．visited解析：依据“tohim”可知，农夫把三个儿子叫到身边。故选C。5．A.sent B．putC．hidden D．locked解析：依据下文“sincetheydidnotknowwherethehidingplacewas”可知，此处是指金子被藏起来。故选C。6．A.weak B．lostC．dead D．invisible解析：依据上文“feltthathewoulddie”可知，此处是农夫去世了。故选C。7．A.end B．topC．surface D．bottom解析：依据下文“fromoneendoftheorchardtotheother”可知，三个儿子从果园一头起先挖。故选A。8．A.dug B．searchedC．discovered D．expected解析：依据上文“sincetheydidnotknowwherethehidingplacewas”可知，三个儿子是挖藏在地下的金子。故选A。9．A.sand B．soilC．ground D．floor解析：依据下文“Digforit,ifyouwishit.”可知，三个儿子是挖果园的土壤找金子。故选B。10．A.over B．amongC．round D．across解析：依据下文“andbetweenthem”可知，设空处与between是并列关系，即相邻的橄榄树以及周边众多橄榄树树根之间都挖了一遍。故选B。11．A.disappointed B．surprisedC．puzzled D．sad解析：依据下文“havetheirworkfornothing”可知，三个儿子挖了半天却一无所获，心情确定是特殊悲观的。故选A。12．A.season B．stageC．distance D．process解析：依据下文“theolivetreesintheorchardbore(结果实)morefruitthantheyhadevergiven”可知，橄榄结出丰硕的果实，是到了丰收的季节，即橄榄季。故选A。13．A.delivered B．soldC．shipped D．saved解析：依据下文“itgavethesonsawholepotofgold”可知，是卖掉果实得到了一桶金的回报。故选B。14．Aeon B．comeaboutC．comeup D．comefrom解析：依据上文“itgavethesonsawholepotofgold”可知，这些金钱来自于果园。故选D。15．A.thought B．plannedC．supposed D．meant解析：依据下文“Thereisgoldintheorchard.Digforit,ifyouwishit.”可知，儿子们最终明白了父亲的话的含义。故选D。Ⅲ.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2024·浙江卷)Sometimeafter10,000BC,peoplemadethefirstrealattempttocontroltheworldtheylived1.in,throughagriculture.Overthousandsofyears,theybegantodependlesson2.whatcouldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild,andmoreonanimalstheyhadraisedandcropstheyhadsown.Farmingproducedmorefoodperperson3.thanhuntingandgathering,sopeoplewereabletoraisemorechildren.And,asmorechildrenwereborn,morefood4.wasneeded(need).Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnology5.tochange(change)lives.Byabout6000BC,people6.haddiscovered(discover)thebestcropstogrowandanimalstoraise.Later,theylearnedtoworkwiththe7.seasons(season),plantingattherighttimeand,indryareas,8.making(make)useofannualfloodstoirrigate(浇灌)theirfields.Thisstyleoffarminglastedforquitealongtime.Then,with9.theriseofscience,changesbegan.Newmethods10.meant(mean)thatfewerpeopleworkedinfarming.Inthelastcenturyorso,thesechangeshaveaccelerated.Newpowermachineryandartificialfertilizers(化肥)havenowtotallytransformedawayoflifethatstartedintheStoneAge.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章依据时间依次简述了农业的发展进程以及给人们生活带来的变更。解析：1．考查介词。分析句子结构可知，theylived1是定语从句，修饰先行词theworld；省略了关系代词，说明关系代词在从句中作宾语。依据语法常识知，live常和介词in搭配，意为“居住在……”。省略了的关系代词作in的宾语。故填in。2．考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，2couldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild作dependon的宾语，且从句中又缺少主语。因此填连接代词what。句意：几千年来，他们起先对从野外猎取或采集的东西依靠变少，而更多地依靠他们饲养的动物和播种的农作物。故填what。3．考查介词。前文的more是提示词，再结合句意。故填than。4．考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一样。food和need之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态；由上文的wereborn可知此处用一般过去时；且food在此处为不行数名词，作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填wasneeded。5．考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到科技变更生活的力气。此处用不定式作定语，修饰technology。故填tochange。6．考查动词的时态。依据时间状语byabout6000BC(到大约公元前6000年为