2025版新教材高中英语Unit1PeopleofAchievementSectionⅠReadingandThinking提能作业新人教版选择性必修第一册

UNIT1SectionⅠ一、语言基础训练Ⅰ.单词拼法1．In1938,heobtained(获得)hisdoctor'sdegreeinaerospacescienceandmathematicsintheUS.2．Theyrefusedtoacknowledge(承认)thecourt'sdecision.3．Alltheplayerswentallouttodefeat(战胜)theBrazilVolleyballTeam.4．Byanalysing/analyzing(分析)thepartsofthesentence,welearnedmoreaboutEnglishgrammar.5．Theyevaluated(评估)thecountry'sprogressandsetnewdirectionsforChina.6．Heisfartooconfidentthathenevercommits(犯错)anyerrorandhenevergivesup.7．Hearguedagainstsmoking,andinsisted(坚持认为)thatitwasbeyondargumentthatsmokingwasharmfultohealth.8．Thedentistmaydecidethatthewisdomteethneedtobeextracted(用力拔出)．9．Boil(煮沸)plentyofsaltedwater,andthenaddthespaghetti.10．Ican'treallybeobjective(客观的)whenI'mjudgingmydaughter'swork.Ⅱ.完成句子1．WhenIwenttoXuzhouonbusiness,Ienjoyedthisfolksnackbychance.当我去徐州出差的时候，碰巧尝到了这种民间小吃。2．Youshouldobtainpermissionfromyourparentsbeforeyouwouldhangout.你应当在得到父母允许之后再出去逛街。(obtain)3．Hisparentsdidn'tcommitthemselvestohelpinghimbuyahouse.他父母没有承诺帮他买房子。(commit)4．Heisalsoacknowledgedas/tobeanexcellentgoalkeeper.他也被公认为是一名精彩的守门员。(acknowledge)5．Allthedoctorsinsistedthathewasbadlywoundedandthathe(should)beoperatedonatonce.全部的医生都坚称他受伤严峻，并坚持主见他立即进行手术。(insist)6．Upon/OnhisappearanceinBeijing,hewasarrestedbythepolicemen.他刚在北京出现，就被警察抓了起来。7．Heisthoughttobeakindman.＝It'sthoughtthatheisakindman.他被认为是一个和善的人。8．Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthattreesarevitaltoourlife.人们普遍认为，树木对我们的生活极其重要。9．Today,atschool,IgotstuckintheelevatorandwasabouttopanicbeforeIrememberedIhadmyphone.今日，在学校里，我被困在了电梯里，刚要惊惶失措的时候，我才想起我有手机。(getdone)10．Ithinkreadingisofvitalimportanceinlanguagelearning.我认为阅读在语言学习中是至关重要的。(vital)二、培优提升训练Ⅰ.阅读理解(2024·全国乙卷)PRACTITIONERSJacquelineFelicedeAlmania(c.1322)highlightsthesuspicionthatwomenpracticingmedicinefaced.BorntoaJewishfamilyinFlorence,shemovedtoPariswheresheworkedasaphysicianandperformedsurgery.In1322shewastriedforpracticingunlawfully.Inspiteofthecourthearingtestimonials(证明)ofherabilityasadoctor,shewasbannedfrommedicine.JamesBarry(c.1789—1865)wasbornMargaretBulkleyinIrelandbut,dressedasaman,shewasacceptedbyEdinburghUniversitytostudymedicine.Shequalifiedasasurgeonin1813,thenjoinedtheBritishArmy,servingoverseas.Barryretiredin1859,havingpracticedherentiremedicalprofessionlivingandworkingasaman.TanYunxian(1461—1554)wasaChinesephysicianwholearnedherskillsfromhergrandparents.Chinesewomenatthetimecouldnotserveapprenticeships(学徒期)withdoctors.However,Tanpassedtheofficialexam.Tantreatedwomenfromallwalksoflife.In1511,Tanwroteabook,SayingsofaFemaleDoctor,describingherlifeasaphysician.RebeccaLeeCrumpler(1831—1895)workedasanurseforeightyearsbeforestudyinginmedicalcollegeinBostonin1860.Fouryearslater,shewasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantoreceiveamedicaldegree.ShemovedtoVirginiain1865,wheresheprovidedmedicalcaretofreedslaves.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位从医人员的生平与事迹。1．WhatdidJacquelineandJameshaveincommon？CA．Doingteachingjobs.B．Beinghiredasphysicians.C．Performingsurgery.D．Beingbannedfrommedicine.解析：微小环节理解题。通过文章第一部分中的“BorntoaJewishfamilyinFlorence,shemovedtoPariswheresheworkedasaphysicianandperformedsurgery.(她诞生于佛罗伦萨的一个犹太家庭，搬到巴黎当医生并做外科手术)”以及其次部分中的“Shequalifiedasasurgeonin1813(她获得了做外科医生的资格)”和“Barryretiredin1859,havingpracticedherentiremedicalprofessionlivingandworkingasaman.(Barry于1859年退休，她以男人的身份生活和工作，从事了整个医学职业)”可知，Jacqueline和James的共同点是都有资格进行外科手术。故选C。2．HowwasTanYunxiandifferentfromtheotherpractitioners？AA．Shewroteabook.B．Shewentthroughtrials.C．Sheworkedasadentist.D．Shehadformaleducation.解析：推理推断题。通读全文，再依据文章第三部分中的“Tanwroteabook,SayingsofaFemaleDoctor,describingherlifeasaphysician.(Tan写了一本书《女医生的故事》，描述了她作为一名医生的生活)”可推知，Tan与其他从业人员的不同之处在于她写了一本书。故选A。3．WhowasthefirstAfricanAmericanwithamedicaldegree？DA．JacquelineFelicedeAlmania.B．TanYunxian.C．JamesBarry.D．RebeccaLeeCrumpler.解析：微小环节理解题。通过文章第一部分中的“Fouryearslater,shewasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantoreceiveamedicaldegree.(四年后，她成为第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国女性)”可知，RebeccaLeeCrumpler是第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国人。故选D。Ⅱ.七选五依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoBecomeaScientistBecurious.Scientistschoosetobecomescientistsbecausetheyarecuriousabouttheworldaroundthemandhowthethingsinitwork.Thiscuriosityleadsthemtoinvestigatehowandwhybehindwhattheysee.1.BBecomingascientisttakesalongtime.Thereareveryfewcareersthattakelongerthanthisone.Evenwhenyou'redoingwithyoureducation,youstillhavetogetresearchunderyourbelt.Ifyou'reaninstant­gratification(即时满足)typeofperson,thismaynotbetherightcareerforyou.Bediligentandpersevere.It'sbeensaidthatjobsinsciencearethelowestpaidintheUS.Whatthisisgettingatisthatbecauseofthelongpathtosuccess,forawhileyouwon'tbelivinglavishly(丰富地)．2.CHavetheneedtoalwayskeeplearning.3.FWhetherit'sreadingpeer­reviewedjournals,attendingseminars,orworkingtowardgettingyourselfpublished,you'llalwaysbelearning.4.AInthoseyearsofwaitingforresults,youneedtoconstantlylookforthesmallestchangesinwhatyouexpecttosee.Youneedtobefocusedandreadyatalltimes.Thinkdifferently.ThinkbacktoNewton'sapplefallingonhisheadorArchimedesjumpingintohistubanddisplacingwater.Mostpeoplewouldthinknothingoftheseevents,butthesemensawsomethingelse,somethingnooneelsewasseeingatthetime.5.GA．Observationskillsarealsonecessary.B．Bepatientinclimbingthecareerladder.C．Thingsaregoingtobetoughforawhile.D．Thenyou'reprobablymadeoftherightstuff.E．Asthesayinggoes,“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.”F．Actuallywhateveryscientistdoesistoseekoutknowledge.G．Tomakeprogressinhumanknowledge,youhavetothinkdifferently.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，就如何成为科学家供应了几点建议。例如：要有新颖 心，要有耐性，要勤奋并且要持之以恒等。解析：1．依据空后句意“成为一名科学家须要很长的时间。”可知，B项“攀登事业阶梯要有耐性。”可作为本段的小标题。故选B。2．上文提到“因为在通往成功的漫长道路上，有一段时间，你不会过着奢华的生活。”由此可知，“有一段时间状况可能很艰难。”C项符合语境。故选C。3．本段的小标题是“要不断学习”。F项“事实上每位科学家所做的都是找寻学问。”与标题语意相符。故选F。4．依据下文的“在等待结果的那些年里，你须要不断地找寻你期望看到的最小的变更。”可知，“(科学家)有视察的技巧是必要的。”所以选A项做小标题。故选A。5．本段的小标题是“换个角度思索”。G项“要想在人类学问上取得进步，你必需换个角度思索。”可与标题相呼应。故选G。Ⅲ.语法填空阅读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A90­year­oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for1.being(be)Britain'soldestfull­timeemployee—stillworking40hoursaweek.NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9a.m.to5p.m.dailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield，2.whichsheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.Heryearsofhardworkhave3.finally(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire'sWomanOfTheYear.Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrene4.declared(declare)shehadnoplans5.toretire(retire)fromher36­year­oldbusiness.Irenesaid，“Idon'tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI6.havemade(make)overtheyears.IworknotbecauseIhaveto，7.butbecauseIwantto.”GranddaughterGayleParks,31—whoworksalongsideherinthefamilybusiness—saiditremainedunknownastowhonominatedIrenefortheaward.Shesaid，“Wedon'thaveanyideawhoputgrandm