新疆和田地区民丰县2024-2025学年高三英语上学期期中试题含解析

Page23留意事项：1.本试卷包含选择题和非选择题两部分.考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效.本次考试时间为90分钟，满分值为120分.2.答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号(考试号)用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米签字笔填写在答题卡上，并用2B铅笔将对应的数字标号涂黑.3.答选择题必需用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑.如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案.答非选择题必需用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米签字笔写在答题卡上的指定位置，在其它位置答题一律无效.第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。A1234PENSisyourNo.1sourceforpromotionalpens,advertisingpens,andlogopens.Wehavebeeninbusinesssince1976,soyoucanbeconfidentthatyou’redealingwithatrustednameintheindustry.Everyonelovesafreepen,andbyprovidingyourcustomerswithapenfeaturingyourcompanyname,logo,ormessage,youcanbesurethatyourcompanynamewillalwaysbeontheirmind!Ourcustomimprintingservicecomesatnoextracharge,sothepriceyouseeisthepriceyoupayforthepersonalizedpens.★Doyouneedpensfast?InaRUSHfortradeshowsoracorporateevent?Tryour48hourpromotionalpensrushservicefreeofcharge.Wepresentyouwithmanystylesandtypesofprintedpen.Letusknowwhichpromotionalpenyoulikeandwithin48hoursyouwillhavethepens.★Wanttousethetraditionalmethodofpromotionalpenstoreachouttocustomers,butdon’twanttocausemoredamagetotheenvironment?1234PENSnowofferseco-friendlyadvertisingpenstosuitanycompany’spromotionalneeds.1234PENScanconfidentlyofferproductswhicharemadefromeco-friendlymaterials,includingpaper,cardboard,cornstarch,pine,bambooandevenrecycledplasticwaterbottles.1234PENSoffersaselectionofeco-friendlyretractableandstick-typeballpointpens,mechanicalpencilsandhighlighters,allforlessthan$2.00each.Imprintingoflogosandcorporateinformationisavailableinsixteendifferentcolors.Eachpenhastheuniversalrecyclingsymbolprintedonit,showingclientsthecompany’scommitmenttotheenvironment.Feelfreetocallusat8447367oremailusinfo@1234PENSifyouhaveanyquestions.1.Whatdoweknowabout1234PENS?A.Ithasitsnameprintedoneachpen.B.Ithasahistoryofover40years.C.Ithasbuiltupalargepenmarket.D.Itchargesalowpriceforextraservice.2.WhatismainlydiscussedinParagraph3?A.Thedifferenttypesoftheproducts.B.Thehighqualityoftheproducts.C.Thetradeshowsof1234PENS.D.Thequickserviceof1234PENS.3.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto__________.A.introducethedifferentservicesof1234PENSB.explaintheprocessofmakinglogopensC.persuadepeopletoordertheproductsD.showpeoplehowtochoosedifferentpens【答案】1.B2.D3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文是一篇广告介绍生产广告笔的1234PENS公司，包括公司的简介，生产的笔的功能和优点，希望人们订购他们的产品。【1题详解】微小环节理解题。依据文章第一段“1234PENSisyourNo.1sourceforpromotionalpens,advertisingpens,andlogopens.Wehavebeeninbusinesssince1976,soyoucanbeconfidentthatyou’redealingwithatrustednameintheindustry.(1234PENS是您的第一大促销笔、广告笔和标记笔来源。我们自1976年以来始终在经营，因此您可以放心，您正在与行业中值得信任的品牌打交道)”可知，1234PENS有40多年的历史了。故选B。【2题详解】主旨大意题。依据文章第三段内容特别是最终一句“Letusknowwhichpromotionalpenyoulikeandwithin48hoursyouwillhavethepens.(让我们知道你宠爱哪种促销笔，在48小时内你就会拿到这些笔)”可知，这段讲的是1234PENS的快捷服务。故选D。【3题详解】推理推断题。通读全文可知，文章是一则广告，介绍生产广告笔的1234PENS公司，包括公司的简介，生产的笔的功能和优点，目的是希望人们订购他们的产品，故选C。BThegendergapinmaths-relatedsubjectsisobvious.Inalmostallcountries,farfewerwomenthanmenchooseSTEM（理工科）careers.It'snotthatgirlsandwomenarebadatmaths.IntheUKin2024,forexample,39%of18-year-oldgirlswhostudiedmathsatA-levelachievedanAorA*,comparedto42%ofboys.ForA-levelphysics,29%ofgirlsachievedthetoptwogrades,comparedto28%ofboys.Butinbothsubjects,boysheavilyoutnumberedgirls-bymorethan3:1inthecaseofphysics.Sowhyaresomanygirlsturningtheirbacksonthesesubjects?AstudypublishedrecentlyinthejournalPNASsuggeststhattheanswermayinfactlieinmale-femaledifferencesinacademicability,buttheabilityinquestionisreading,notmaths.ThomasBreda,atParisSchoolofEconomics,andClotildeNapp,atParisDauphineUniversity,wonderedwhetherthismale-femaledifferenceinreadingcouldhelpexplainthegendergapinSTEMcareers.Everythreeyears,hundredsofthousandsof15-year-oldsinmorethan60countriestakepartinthePISAstudy.Studentscompletetestsinmaths,readingandscience,andanswerquestionsabouttheirfuturecareerintentions.WhenBredaandNapplookedatthedatafromPISA2012,theyrealizedtheywereontosomething."Thereweresmallgendergapsinmathsperformanceat15yearsold,butthesegapsweretoosmalltoexplainthehugegendersegregation（隔离）inSTEM,"saysBreda.Butforreading,thetableswereturned;thegirlsweremuchbetterthantheboys.Asaresult,whenaboyandagirlhadsimilarscoresinmaths,thegirlusuallyhadanevenbetterscoreinreading.WhenBredaandNappcomparedeachstudent'sscoresinreadingandmaths,theyfoundthegreaterastudent'sadvantageinreading,thelesslikelytheyweretoplanacareerinmaths,evenwhentheirmathsscorewasalsohigh.Notably,thiswastrueforbothboysandgirls."Itmakesalotofsense,"saysSarahCattan,oftheInstituteforFiscalStudies."Itshowsthatwhatmattersmostwhenboysandgirlschoosetheirfieldofstudyisnothowgoodtheyareinmathsorinreading,buthowgoodtheyareinmathsrelativetoreading."4.WhatdothedatainParagraph2show?A.Theaveragegenderdifferenceinmathsperformanceissmall.B.Thosewhoaregoodatmathsarealsogoodatphysics.C.Physicstendstobeeasierforgirlsthanmaths.D.Girlsarenotbetterthanboysatmaths.5.AccordingtoBredaandNapp,whoismostlikelytoplanacareerinmaths?A.Tomwhosemathsisworsethanreading.B.Lisawhosemathsisbetterthanreading.C.Lilywhosereadingisbetterthanmaths.D.Jackwhosereadingisasgoodasmaths.6.AccordingtoSarahCattan,whatdostudentsvaluemuchwhenmakingfurtherstudychoices?A.Theircomparativestrengthinsteadofabsoluteability.B.Theirgenderadvantagesinaspecificacademicfield.C.Theirfuturejoblandingpossibilityinanindustry.D.Theirparticularinterestinacertainsubject.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WhyarewedrawntoSTEMcareers?B.Areboysworseatreadingandwriting?C.Whyaregirlsbadatmaths-relatedsubjects?D.Aregoodreadersmorelikelytogiveupmaths?【答案】4.A5.B6.A7.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲解并描述了一项探讨表明，男女在学习实力上的差异，与阅读实力有关，而不是与数学实力有关，学生在阅读方面的优势越大，他们就越不行能在数学方面规划职业生涯，即使他们的数学成果也很高。【4题详解】微小环节理解题。由其次段中的“IntheUKin2024,forexample,39%of18-year-oldgirlswhostudiedmathsatA-levelachievedanAorA*,comparedto42%ofboys.”（例如，在英国，2024年，学习A-level数学的18岁女孩中，39%获得A或A*，而男孩的这一比例为42%。）可知男女的数学成果差异很小，男孩42%，女孩39%。故选A项。【5题详解】推理推断题。由倒数其次段“WhenBredaandNappcomparedeachstudent'sscoresinreadingandmaths,theyfoundthegreaterastudent'sadvantageinreading,thelesslikelytheyweretoplanacareerinmaths,evenwhentheirmathsscorewasalsohigh.Notably,thiswastrueforbothboysandgirls.”（当布雷达和纳普比较了每个学生的阅读和数学成果时，他们发觉学生在阅读方面的优势越大，他们就越不行能在数学方面规划职业生涯，即使他们的数学成果也很高。值得留意的是，男孩和女孩都是如此。）可知在阅读方面优势越大的男孩和女孩越不行能在数学方面规划职业生涯，反之，阅读不好的男孩和女孩可能在数学方面规划职业生涯，可推断出假如丽莎的数学比阅读好，她可能在数学方面谋划职业生涯。故选B项。【6题详解】微小环节理解题。由最终一段“"Itmakesalotofsense,"saysSarahCattan,oftheInstituteforFiscalStudies."Itshowsthatwhatmattersmostwhenboysandgirlschoosetheirfieldofstudyisnothowgoodtheyareinmathsorinreading,buthowgoodtheyareinmathsrelativetoreading."”（“这很有意义，”财政探讨所的莎拉·卡坦说它表明，当男孩和女孩选择他们的学习领域时，最重要的不是他们在数学或阅读方面有多好，而是他们在数学方面相对于阅读有多好。”）可知学生在做进一步学习选择时最看重的是他们在数学方面相对于阅读的实力，而不是确定实力。故选A项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。由第一段“Thegendergapinmaths-relatedsubjectsisobvious.Inalmostallcountries,farfewerwomenthanmenchooseSTEM（理工科）careers.”（数学相关学科的性别差异是明显的。在几乎全部国家中，选择STEM职业的女性远远少于男性。）其次段“Butinbothsubjects,boysheavilyoutnumberedgirls-bymorethan3:1inthecaseofphysics.Sowhyaresomanygirlsturningtheirbacksonthesesubjects?”（但在这两门学科中，在物理方面，男生的人数远远超过女生的3:1。那么，为什么这么多女孩对这些话题束之高阁呢？）第三段“AstudypublishedrecentlyinthejournalPNASsuggeststhattheanswermayinfactlieinmale-femaledifferencesinacademicability,buttheabilityinquestionisreading,notmaths.”（最近发表在PNAS杂志上的一项探讨表明，答案事实上可能在于男女在学习实力上的差异，但所探讨的实力是阅读，而不是数学。）和倒数其次段“WhenBredaandNappcomparedeachstudent'sscoresinreadingandmaths,theyfoundthegreaterastudent'sadvantageinreading,thelesslikelytheyweretoplanacareerinmaths,evenwhentheirmathsscorewasalsohigh.Notably,thiswastrueforbothboysandgirls.”（当布雷达和纳普比较了每个学生的阅读和数学成果时，他们发觉学生在阅读方面的优势越大，他们就越不行能在数学方面规划职业生涯，即使他们的数学成果也很高。值得留意的是，男孩和女孩都是如此。）可知文章讲的是男女在学习实力上的差异，与阅读实力有关，而不是与数学实力有关，学生在阅读方面的优势越大，他们就越不行能在数学方面规划职业生涯，即使他们的数学成果也很高，所以D项“好的阅读者更情愿放弃数学吗？”符合文意，最适合作文章标题。故选D项。CThebiggestandthesmallestoftheworld’sanimalsaremostatriskofdyingout,accordingtoanewanalysis,withvertebrates(脊椎动物)intheso-called“Goldilockszone”—nottoobigandnottoosmall—winningout.Actionisneededtoprotectanimalsatbothendsofthescale,theysay.Theresearchaddstoevidencethatanimalsaredyingoutonsuchascalethatasixthextinctionisconsideredunderway.Oneclueisbodysize.Researchonbirdsandmammalshasshownthatthosewithlargerbodiesaremorelikelytogoextinct.Yet,whentheresearchersmadeadatabaseofthousandsofbirds,mammals,fish,amphibians(两栖动物)andreptiles(爬行动物)atriskofextinction,theyfounddisproportionate(不成比例的)lossesatthelargeandsmallendsofthescale.“Surprisingly,wefoundthatnotonlythelargestofallvertebrateanimalspeciesaremostthreatened,buttheverytiniestonesarealsohighlythreatenedwithextinction,”Prof.RippletoldBBCNews.Largeanimals,suchaselephants,rhinos(犀牛)andlionshavelongbeenthetargetofprotectionefforts.However,fish,birds,reptilesandamphibiansthatarethegiantsoftheirkind,suchasthewhaleshark,Somaliostrich(鸵鸟)andtheChinesegiantsalamander(蝾螈),tendtobeoverlooked.Meanwhile,smallspeciesatrisk--suchasfrogsandshrews(鼩鼱)--receiveverylittleattention.“Ithink,forthesmallestspecies,firstofallweneedtobringhigherawarenesstothem,becausethelargeronesgetalotofattention,butthesmalleronesgetverylittle,”saidProf.Ripple.Inthestudy,vertebrateswiththesmallestandthelargestbodieswerefoundtobemostatriskofdisappearing,whethertheywereonlandorlivinginoceans,streamsorrivers.Heavyweightsarethreatenedmainlybyhunting,whilefeatherweightsarelosingouttopollutionandcuttingdownforests.“Ultimately,reducingglobalconsumptionofwildmeatisakeysteptoreducenegativeimpactsofhunting,fishing,andtrappingontheworld’svertebrates,”theywriteinProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.8.Whatmadetheresearchersfeelsurprised?A.Asixthofanimalsaredyingout.B.Smallanimalsareingreatdanger.C.Greatlossesofbirdsandmammals.D.Biganimalsareatriskofdisappearing.9.WhatshouldwedofirstforthesmallestspeciesaccordingtoProf.Ripple?A.Transformourhabits. B.Changeourconcepts.C.Findwaystosavesmallanimals. D.Takemeasurestostoppollution.10.Whatpresentsthegreatthreattovertebratesaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Lossofforests. B.Climatechange.C.Humanactivities. D.Environmentalpollution.11.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.SizeMattersWhenItComestoExtinctionRiskB.LargeAnimalsAreBadlyinNeedofProtectionC.WhyaGreatNumberofAnimalsAreDyingoutD.WhatWeShouldDotoProtectEndangeredSpecies【答案】8.B9.B10.C11.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。一项探讨发觉，体型最大和最小的动物对比中等体型的动物面临着更大的灭亡风险。大型动物的紧急主要来自人类的捕杀，小型动物灭亡的主要缘由是污染和森林砍伐。【8题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第三段““Surprisingly,wefoundthatnotonlythelargestofallvertebrateanimalspeciesaremostthreatened,buttheverytiniestonesarealsohighlythreatenedwithextinction,”Prof.RippletoldBBCNews.(“令人惊异的是，我们发觉，不仅最大的脊椎动物受到的威逼最大，而且最小的动物也面临着灭亡的高度威逼，”Ripple教授告知BBC新闻。)”可知，科学家们发觉，不仅是大型动物面临着很高的灭亡风险，最小的动物面临灭亡的风险也很高。因此B项正确，故选B项。【9题详解】推理推断题。依据倒数第三段““Ithink,forthesmallestspecies,firstofallweneedtobringhigherawarenesstothem,becausethelargeronesgetalotofattention,butthesmalleronesgetverylittle,”saidProf.Ripple.(“我认为，对于最小的物种来说，首先我们须要提高人们对它们的相识，因为较大的物种会得到许多关注，而较小的物种却很少得到关注，”Ripple教授说。)”可知Ripple教授认为，我们目前首先要做的是从思想上起先重视小动物，因为过去我们只关切大型动物的灭亡问题，因此B项内容“变更我们的观念”正确，故选B项。【10题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段“Heavyweightsarethreatenedmainlybyhunting,whilefeatherweightsarelosingouttopollutionandcuttingdownforests.“Ultimately,reducingglobalconsumptionofwildmeatisakeysteptoreducenegativeimpactsofhunting,fishing,andtrappingontheworld’svertebrates,”theywriteinProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.(重量级动物主要受到狩猎的威逼，而羽类动物则因污染和砍伐森林而遭遇损失。他们在《美国国家科学院院刊》(ProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences)上写道:“最终，削减全球野生动物的消费量是削减捕猎、捕鱼和圈养对世界脊椎动物负面影响的关键一步。”)”可知目前最关键的是削减对野生动物肉的消耗，削减人们的各类捕杀行为，由此可推断，人类行为对脊椎动物（尤其是大型动物）带来最大的威逼，故选C项。

【11题详解】主旨大意题。依据第一段“Thebiggestandthesmallestoftheworld’sanimalsaremostatriskofdyingout(世界上最大和最小的动物都面临着灭亡的紧急)”综合全文可知，文章主要告知我们一个事实：那些体型最大的和最小的动物，面临着更高的灭亡风险，A项“动物的体型可能是确定其灭亡的关键因素”符合文章主题，适合作标题。故选A项。

DSomeyearsago,aMiamiwomanwalkingthroughanofficebuildingnoticedtwomenstandingtogether.Severalminutesafterherleaving,themenmurderedapersonworkinginthebuilding.Thepolicedeterminedthatthewomanwastheonlywitnessandcouldpossiblydescribethem.However,hermemoryofthemenproveddisappointinglyunclear.Severaldayslater,psychologistRonaldFisherwasbroughtintoobtainamorecompleteaccountfromthewoman.Hisinterviewproducedabreakthrough—thewomanreportedaclearpictureofoneofthesuspects.Theimportantinformationenabledthepolicetoarrestthesuspectandclosethecase.ThepoliceaskedFisherforhelpbecauseofhisrichknowledgeincognitive(认知)interviewakindofmemory-rebuildingprocess.Memoryresearchershavefoundthatpeopletryingtorememberapasteventoftenonlyrecallpartoftherelevantinformation.Humanmemoryisselectiveanditisoftendistortedbystress.Butaperson’saccuraterecallofaneventorunderstandingofaquestioncanbeimprovedusingspecificinterviewingtechniques.The“cognitiveinterview”wasdevelopedinthelate1990s.Itencouragesthewitnesstotakeanactiveroleinrecallinginformationratherthangivinganswersonlytosomeoneelse’squestions.Thewitnessfirstdescribeswhathappenedinhisorherownwords,withnointerviewerinterruptions.Theinterviewerthengoesfurtherwithspecifictechniques,suchashavingthewitnesstellthedetailsofwhathappenedfromdifferentperspectives(角度).Thecognitiveinterviewfocusesonguidingwitnessesthroughfourgeneralrecallingtechniques:thinkingaboutphysicalsurroundingsandpersonalfeelingsthatexistedatthetimeofpastevents;reportingeverythingthatcomestomindaboutthoseevents,nomatterhowbrokenitisretellingeventsinavarietyoftimeorders,suchasfrombeginningtoend,endtobeginning,forwardorbackward;andadoptingdifferentperspectiveswhilerecallingevents.Experimentswithpolicedetectivestrainedinthisdemandinginterviewmethodfindthattheyobtainnearly50%moreinformationfromwitnessesthanbeforetraining,whileerrorratesremainaboutthesame.Itisprovedthatcognitiveinterviewsarequiteimportanttoolsinimprovingtheaccuracyandcompletenessofwitnesstestimony(证词).12.Thepurposeofthepassageisto_____.A.giveanaccountofamurdercaseB.introduceanideaofcognitiveinterviewC.proveFisherwasanexpertincognitiveinterviewD.helpawitnesstorecallinformationinacognitiveinterview13.Whatisrequiredtorecallinacognitiveinterviewforawitness?A.Theexacttimeatwhichamurdertookplace．BTheinformationabouttheeventinthetimeorder．C.Theimportantthingsthatcometohisorhermind．D.Thesurroundingsandfeelingsatthetimeoftheevent．14.ThekeypointinacognitiveinterviewisthatA.thewitnessisencouragedtotakepartinrecallinginformationB.theinterviewershouldinterruptthewitnessfromtimetotimeC.theinterviewshouldtakeplaceoutsidethepolicestationD.thewitnessshouldrecalldetailsatthesceneoftheevent15.Theunderlinedword"distorted"inthepassageprobablymeans"____A.arranged B.balanced C.changed D.examined【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章通过一起刑事案件，介绍了认知访谈的好用性、科学性以及重要性。【12题详解】推理推断题。通读全文尤其是其次段“The“cognitiveinterview”wasdevelopedinthelate1990s.Itencouragesthewitnesstotakeanactiveroleinrecallinginformationratherthangivinganswersonlytosomeoneelse’squestions.Thewitnessfirstdescribeswhathappenedinhisorherownwords,withnointerviewerinterruptions.Theinterviewerthengoesfurtherwithspecifictechniques,suchashavingthewitnesstellthedetailsofwhathappenedfromdifferentperspectives(角度).(“认知访谈”是在20世纪90年头末发展起来的。它激励证人在回忆信息时发挥主动作用，而不是只回答别人的问题。证人首先用他或她自己的话描述所发生的事情，没有采访者打断。接着，采访者会进一步运用详细的技巧，比如让目击者从不同的角度讲解并描述所发生的事情的微小环节。)”可知文章通过一起刑事案件，介绍了认知访谈的好用性、科学性以及重要性。因此可知本文的目的就是介绍认知访谈，故选B。【13题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第三段“Thecognitiveinterviewfocusesonguidingwitnessesthroughfourgeneralrecallingtechniques:thinkingaboutphysicalsurroundingsandpersonalfeelingsthatexistedatthetimeofpastevents;reportingeverythingthatcomestomindaboutthoseevents,nomatterhowbrokenitisretellingeventsinavarietyoftimeorders,suchasfrombeginningtoend,endtobeginning,forwardorbackward;andadoptingdifferentperspectiveswhilerecallingevents.(认知访谈的重点是引导目击者通过四种一般的回忆技巧：思索过去事务发生时存在的物理环境和个人感受；报道与这些事务有关的全部事情，不管它是多么裂开，依据不同的时间依次复述事务，如从起先到结束，从结束到起先，向前或向后；在回忆事务时接受不同的视角。)”可知证人在认知访谈中会回忆事务发生时的环境和感受。故选D。【14题详解】微小环节理解题。依据其次段“The“cognitiveinterview”wasdevelopedinthelate1990s.Itencouragesthewitnesstotakeanactiveroleinrecallinginformationratherthangivinganswersonlytosomeoneelse’squestions.(“认知访谈”是在20世纪90年头末发展起来的。它激励证人在回忆信息时发挥主动作用，而不是只回答别人的问题。)”可知认知访谈的关键在于激励证人参与回忆信息，故选A。【15题详解】词义揣测题。依据划线处的下句“Butaperson’saccuraterecallofaneventorunderstandingofaquestioncanbeimprovedusingspecificinterviewingtechniques.(但是，一个人对事务的精确回忆或对问题的理解可以通过特定的访谈技巧来提高。)”可知上一句意思人类的记忆是有选择性的，经常会因压力而变更。故可猜出“distorted”的意思是被变更，扭曲的，故选C。其次节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)Theprocessofbecomingindependentisnotthesameforeveryone.Someattainitmuchyoungerinlifethanothers.Nevertheless,wearetoldthatbecomingindependentisveryimportant,butwhyisit?Beingindependentimprovesyourconfidence.____16____Havingconfidencegivesyouapositiveoutlookonlife.Youaregoingtobewillingtodothingsonyourown,withoutneedingsupportorapproval(批准)fromothers.____17____Thisbecomesself-fulfilling,forthemoreexperiencesyouhave,themoreyourconfidencewillgrow,andthegreaterwillbeyourchancesofbigrewardsforyourefforts.____18____Beingmatureenablesyoutohandleyouremotionswithouthelpfromothers.Therewillbemanychallengingsituationsthroughoutourlives.Keepingouremotionsfromdominatingourlivesisessential.Knowingthatouremotionsareundercontrolbringsasenseofpleasureandcalm.Stressisreduced,andwebecomehappier.Therearemanytechniquesthatcanbeusedtohelpuscontrolouremotions.____19____Independenceleadstobroaderhorizons.Onceyoubecomeindependentfromlimitsplacedonyoubyothers,youcanbroadenyourhorizons.Youwillbeabletotaketripstodifferentdestinations,meetpeoplewithdifferentsocialandmoralbeliefs,andgainmoreknowledge.____20____Itmightaffectthewayyouapproachdecision-making.Inthisway,independencecanpreventyoufromadoptinganarrowmindset.Youwillwelcomeadventureandseetherewardsoftakingrisks.A.Emotionalindependencemakesyouhappier.B.Itisallaboutbeingsecurewithwhoyouare.C.Youcantrynewthings,andthusgainmoreexperience.D.Jogging,yogaandbreathingexercisesareamongthem.E.Independentpeoplearealwayspositiveabouttheirlives.F.Inturn,thiswillleadyoutothinkdifferentlyaboutyourlife.G.Themoreindependentyouare,themoreconfidentyouwillbecome.【答案】16.G17.C18.A19.D20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了变得独立特别重要缘由。【16题详解】依据段落小标题“Beingindependentimprovesyourconfidence.(独立可以增加你的自信)”可知，本段主要讲解并描述独立和自信的关系，空处对小标题进行进一步说明说明。G项中的“Themoreindependent”和“themoreconfident”与标题对应。G项：Themoreindependentyouare,themoreconfidentyouwillbecome.(你越独立，你就会变得越自信)符合语境。故选G。【17题详解】依据下文“Thisbecomesself-fulfilling,forthemoreexperiencesyouhave,themoreyourconfidencewillgrow,andthegreaterwillbeyourchancesofbigrewardsforyourefforts.(这是自我实现的，因为你拥有的阅历越多，你的信念就会增长，你的努力获得巨大回报的机会就越大)”可知，空处说明要获得更多阅历，C项中的“gainmoreexperience”和下文的“themoreexperiencesyouhave”对应。C项：Youcantrynewthings,andthusgainmoreexperience.(你可以尝试新事物，从而获得更多的阅历)符合语境。故选C。【18题详解】空处为段落小标题。依据下文“Beingmatureenablesyoutohandleyouremotionswithouthelpfromothers.(成熟能让你在没有别人帮助的状况下处理自己的心情)”可知，本段讲解并描述的是情感独立与心情的关系。A项中的“Emotionalindependence”和下文中的“emotions”对应。A项：Emotionalindependencemakesyouhappier.(情感独立会让你更欢乐)符合语境。故选A。【19题详解】依据上文“Therearemanytechniquesthatcanbeusedtohelpuscontrolouremotions.(有许多技巧可以用来帮助我们限制我们的心情)”可知，空处列举了可以帮助限制心情的方法。D项：Jogging,yogaandbreathingexercisesareamongthem.(慢跑、瑜伽和呼吸练习都在其中)符合语境。故选D。【20题详解】依据上文“Onceyoubecomeindependentfromlimitsplacedonyoubyothers,youcanbroadenyourhorizons.Youwillbeabletotaketripstodifferentdestinations,meetpeoplewithdifferentsocialandmoralbeliefs,andgainmoreknowledge.(一旦你从别人给你的限制中独立出来，你可以拓宽你的视野。你将能够去不同的目的地旅行，遇到不同的社会和道德信仰的人，并获得更多的学问)”和下文“Itmightaffectthewayyouapproachdecision-making.(它可能会影响你做确定的方式)可知，空处说明从别人给你的限制中独立出来带来的好处。F项：Inturn,thiswillleadyoutothinkdifferentlyaboutyourlife.(反过来，这会让你对生活有不同的看法)符合语境。故选F。其次部分语言学问运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Therewasaboywhowaswalkinghomefromschoolwhenhesawalarge,tempting(attracting)appleononeofthebranchesofanappletreehangingoutoveratallfence.Theboywasn’tmuchofafruit-eater,___21___abarofchocolateifgiventhechoice,___22___,astheysay,theforbiddenfruitcanbetempting.Seeingtheapple,theboywantedit.Themorehelookedatit,the___23___hefeltandthemorehewantedthatapple.Hestoodontiptoe,___24___ashighashecould,butevenathistallest___25___hewasunabletotouchit.Hebeganto___26___upanddown,ashighashecould,atthe___27___ofeachjumpstretchinghisarmstogettheapple.Stillitremainedoutof___28___Notgivingup,hethought,ifonlyhehadsomethingto___29___on.Hisschoolbagwouldn’tgiveenoughheightandhedidn’twantto_____30_____thethingsinside,likehislunchbox,pencilbox,pencilcase,andGameboy.Looking_____31_____,hehopedhemightfindanoldbox,arock,or,_____32_____luck,evenaladder,butitwasatidyneighborhoodandtherewasnothinghecoulduse.Hehadtriedeverythinghecouldthinktodo._____33_____seeinganyotherchoices,hegaveupandstartedtowalk_____34_____Atfirst,hefeltangryanddisappointedthinkingabouthowhungryhehadbecomefromhis_____35_____,andhowhereallywantedthatapple.Themorehe_____36_____likethis,themoreunhappyhebecame._____37_____,theboyofourstorywasaprettysmartguy,evenifhecouldn’tgetwhathewanted.Hestartedtosaytohimself,“Thisisn’t_____38_____Idon’thavetheappleandI’mfeelingsadaswell.Thereis_____39_____moreIcandotogettheapple—thatisunchangeable—butwearesupposedtobeableto_____40_____ourfeelings.Ifthatisthecase,whatcanIdotofeelbetter?21.A.offering B.preferring C.receiving D.allowing22.A.so B.then C.or D.but23.A.sadder B.hungrier C.angrier D.tastier24.A.stretching B.swinging C.expanding D.pulling25.A.strength B.height C.length D.range26A.jump B.look C.walk D.glance27.A.tip B.stage C.level D.top28.A.touch B.hand C.reach D.sight29.A.put B.stand C.get D.hold30.A.shake B.break C.take D.strike31.A.up B.forward C.around D.down32.A.with B.for C.on D.of33.A.After B.Without C.Through D.Upon34.A.away B.back C.up D.down35.A.wishes B.beliefs C.goals D.efforts36.A.imagined B.tried C.claimed D.thought37.A.Therefore B.Moreover C.However D.Otherwise38.A.skilful B.helpful C.cheerful D.harmful39.A.something B.nothing C.anything D.everything40.A.express B.forget C.change D.describe【答案】21.B22.D23.B24.A25.B26.A27.D28.C29.B30.B31.C32.A33.B34.A35.D36.D37.C38.B39.B40.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述的是一个放学回家的男孩看到高高栅栏里一棵苹果树叉上有一只特别迷人的大苹果吊在那里，男孩尝试了全部方法也没能得到苹果，最终男孩放弃了，并且变更了自己对此的感受。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个男孩不太爱吃水果，假如可以选择的话，他更宠爱一块巧克力，但是，正如他们所说，禁果是很迷人的。A.offering供应；B.preferring偏爱；C.receiving收到；D.allowing允许。依据上文“Theboywasn’tmuchofafruit-eater”可知，尽管小孩不太宠爱吃水果，但假如让其故选择的话，他更宠爱（preferring）一块巧克力。故选B。【22题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：这个男孩不太爱吃水果，假如可以选择的话，他更宠爱一块巧克力，但是，正如他们所说，禁果是很迷人的。A.so所以；B.then然后；C.or或者；D.but但是。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用but，像他们所说的，禁果是很有诱惑力的。故选D。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他越看越饿，越想吃那个苹果。A.sadder更哀痛的；B.hungrier更饿的；C.angrier更生气的；D.tastier更美味的。依据后文“hefeltandthemorehewantedthatapple”看到这只苹果，这小孩就想要它。他越看，就越感到饿（hunger）就越想要那只苹果。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他踮起脚尖，尽可能地把身体伸得高高的，但即使是在他最高的高度，他也碰不到它。A.stretching伸展；B.swinging摇摆；C.expanding扩大；D.pulling拉。依据后文“ashighashecould”可知，他尽可能伸手往高处去够（stretching）故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他踮起脚尖，尽可能地把身体伸得高高的，但即使是在他最高的高度，他也碰不到它。A.strength力气；B.height身高；C.length长度；D.range范围。依据后文“hewasunabletotouchit”可知，但即使是用他最高的高度（height）（比如：踮起脚）也不能够够到它。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他起先跳上跳下，尽他所能，每次当跳到最高处时就伸手去够那苹果。A.jump跳动；B.look看；C.walk闲逛；D.glance瞥见。上文提到他的身高不够，够不着，所以他就起先尽可能高地往上跳（jump）故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他起先跳上跳下，尽他所能，每次当跳到最高处时就伸手去够那苹果。A.tip建议；B.stage舞台；C.level水平；D.top顶部。依据后文“ofeachjumpstretchinghisarmstogettheapple”可知，每次当跳到最高处（top）时就伸手去够那苹果。tip是“顶端、尖端”的意思。故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不过它照旧遥不行及。A.touch触碰；B.hand手；C.reach到达；D.sight视力。结合后文“Notgivingup”可知，即便如此还是够不到（outofreach）。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他想，只要他有个可以站立的地方，就不会放弃。A.put房子；B.stand站立；C.get得到；D.hold举起。结合后文“Hisschoolbagwouldn’tgiveenoughheightand”可知，他没有泄气，他想，要是有什么东西往上一站（stand）该有多好啊！故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的书包不够高，他不想弄坏里面的东西，像他的饭盒、铅笔盒、铅笔盒和嬉戏机。A.shake摇摆；B.break打破；C.take带走；D.strike打击。即使站在他的书包上夜供应不了足够的高度，而且他也不想踩断（break）里面像午餐盒、铅笔袋、掌上嬉戏机这些东西，故选B。【31题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：他环顾四周，希望能找到一个旧箱子，一块石头，假如幸运的话，甚至可以找到一架梯子，但这是一个整齐的社区，没有什么东西可以用。A.up向上；B.forward朝前；C.around四处；D.down向下。结合后文“hehopedhemightfindanoldbox,arock,or”指他四处（around）望了望，希望能找到一只旧箱子，一块大石头，故选C。【32题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：他环顾四周，希望能找到一个旧箱子，一块石头，假如幸运的话，甚至可以找到一架梯子，但这是一个整