广东省广州三校2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

高二下学期期末三校联考英语试卷第页共8页2023-2024学年第二学期期末三校联考高二英语本试卷共8页，共47小题，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，每小题2.5，满分50分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATheLindaHallLibraryisopentothepublicfreeofchargeduringregularlibraryhours.Thereisnochargeforgettingalibrarycard.Patronscanrequestandusematerialsinthelibrary,providedtheitemsareingoodphysicalcondition.Tosignupforaborrowingaccount,youmustbearesidentoftheKansasCityarea.YouhavetoprovideacurrentstateorfederalphotoIDwithaKCareastreetaddress.AphotoIDplusutilitybillinyournameisneededifthecurrentaddressdiffersfromthatontheID．PatronsmustshowtheirLHLlibrarycardoraphotoIDatthetimeofcheck-out.WhoCanBorrow:IndividualslivingwithintheKansasCityareaasdefinedbelow:Missouri—Bates,Caldwell,Cass,Clay,Clinton,Jackson,Johnson,Iafayette,Platte,RayKansas—Douglas,Franklin,Johnson,Leavenworth,L.inn,Miami,WyandotteEstablishedbusinesseswithintheKCarea.ContactReferenceServicesat8169268701orreference@formoreinformationaboutauthorizedborrowingforbusinesses,orfilloutourwebapplication.Students,faculty,andstaffparticipatinginCourtesyCardinstitutions.ContactformoreinformationabouttheCourtesyCardProgram.IfyouwishtoborrowfromtheLindaHallLibrarybutdonotmeettheabovecriteria,pleasecontactyourlocallibraryandrequesttoborrowthroughinterlibraryloanfromDocumentDeliveryServices.Formoreinformationonhowtorequestlibrarymaterials,pleaseseethisguideonMakingRequestsinPrimo.Youmaywishtoregistertoattendanin-person“NavigatingLindaHallLibrary”session.1．Whatisamustforborrowingmaterialsfromthelibrary?A．Acurrentlytakenphoto. B．Aborrowingaccount.C．Aguaranteedeposit. D．Anauthorizedapplication.2．Whichofthefollowingpersonscanborrowmaterialsfromthelibrary?A．Astudentstudyinginacollege.B．AnindividuallivinginWashington.C．ApersonworkingacompanyintheKCarea.D．ApersoninterestedinCourtesyCardProgram.3．Whatshouldyoudoifyoudon’tmeetthecriteriaforthelibrary?A．Filloutanapplicationonline.B．Turntoyourlocallibraryforhelp.C．Followtheofficialguidance.D．Borrowsomematerialsonline.BEvennow,Ihavevividmemoriesofmylastdayofhighschool.Inmymind’seye,I’mcleaningoutmylocker,andthenstaringattheemptinessforafewextrabeatsbeforeslammingitshutforthelasttime.I’mwanderingaroundthehallswithmybestfriend,blissfullyignoringthebellsgoingoffevery50minutesonschedulebecause,justtoday,we’reallowedtobreaktherules.I’msittingonmydesk,swingingmyfeet,andshootingthebreeze(闲聊)withmyEnglishteacher,Mr.Carr,inawaythatmakesmefeelalmostgrownup.Itwasmaybemyfavoritedayofthewholeyear.Likethefinallayerofwatercolor,thefreedomandlightnessIfeelseeps(渗透)intotherestofmymemoriesofthatdayandturnsthemjustashaderosier.Iftheschoolyearhasn’tyetendedforyou,considerwhatyoucandotomakethefinalecount.Why?Becausewhenitcomestohumanmemory,notallmomentsarecreatedequal.Instead,ourrememberedexperiencesaredisproportionately(不成比例地)influencedbypeaks(thebestmomentsaswellastheworst)andendings(thelastmoments).NobelPrizewinnerDannyKahneman,whodiscoveredthisphenomenon,calledthisthepeak-endrule.Itsuggeststhatourjudgmentofapastexperienceislargelybasedonitsmostextremepointanditsendpoint.Itookadvantageofthepeak-endruleyearsago,whenmygirlswereyoungenoughtowantabedtimestoryeachnight.Irememberthinkingthatwhateverdisagreementandstresshadoccurredthatday,Icouldmakethelastmomentscount.IcouldendonanoteofcalmandactlikethepatientmomIhadn’tquitemanagedtobejusthoursbefore.Don’tmistakeallmomentsasequalinsignificance.There’sareasonwhyyogaclassesendwithsavasana(挺卧式).There’sareasonweeatdessertlast.Doorganizeendingscarefully.AsSeattleSeahawkscoachPeteCarrollmightsay:Finishstrong.Lastimpressionsareespeciallylasting.4．Whatcantheauthorsuggestdoingtomaketheendofaschoolyearmemorable?A．Planningaspecialeventforthelastday.B．Reflectingontheentireacademicyear.C．Ignoringschoolregulations.D．Focusingonthefinalexam.5．Whichstatementistrueaboutthepeak-endrule?A．Thelastmomentsmatterthemostinourmemories.B．Peaksinlifecanberememberedbetterthanendings.C．Thepeaksandendsofexperiencesareeasiertoremember.D．Ourjudgmentofthepastisdeterminedbyfirstimpressions.6．Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A．Whatstrugglestheauthorhadinlife.B．Howtheauthortreatedherdaughters.C．Whytheauthorreadstoriestoherkids.D．Howtheauthorappliedtheruletodailylife.7．WhyisPeteCarrollmentionedinthelastparagraph?A．Toshowtheimportanceofdoingsports.B．Toexplainwhylastimpressionsarelasting.C．Toprovethepeak-endrulecanbeusedinsports.D．Toencouragereaderstovaluethelastmomentsofanexperience.CHowmuchtimedoyouspenddoingresearchbeforeyoumakeabigdecision?Therearepeoplewhogoovereverydetailexhaustivelybeforemakingachoice,anditiscertainlypossibletooverthinkthings.Butafairnumberofindividualsarequicktojumptoconclusions.Psychologistscallthelatteramentalbias(偏见).Inthiscase,theerrorismakingacallbasedontheleastofevidence.AresearchbyCarmenSanchez,aprofessorattheUniversityofIllinois,andDavidDunning,aprofessorattheUniversityofMichigan,hasfoundthathastyjudgmentsareoftenjustonepartoflargererror-pronepatternsinbehaviorandthinking.Thesepatternshavecosts.Peoplewhotendtomakesuchjumpsintheirreasoningoftenchooseabetinwhichtheyhavelowchancesofwinninginsteadofonewheretheirchancesaremuchbetter.Tostudyjumping,researchersdidanexperimenttoexaminedecision-makingpatternsamong600peoplefromthegeneralpopulation.Theyappliedathinkinggame,inwhichplayersencounteredsomeonewhowasfishingfromoneoftwolakes:inonelake,mostofthefishwerered;intheother,mostweregray.Thefisherwouldcatchonefishatatimeandstoponlywhenplayersthoughttheycouldsaywhichlakewasbeingfished.Someplayershadtoseemanyfishbeforemakingadecision.Others—thejumpers—stoppedafteronlyoneortwo.Participantswerealsoaskedquestionstolearnmoreabouttheirthoughtpatterns.Itwasfoundthatthefewerfishaplayerwaitedtosee,themoreerrorsthatindividualmadeinothertypesofbeliefs,reasoninganddecisions.Sowhatisbehindjumping?Researcherscommonlydistinguishbetweentwopathwaysofthought:automatic,knownassysteml,whichreflectsideasthatcometothemindeasily,spontaneouslyandwithouteffort;andcontrolled,orsystem2,consistingofeffortfulreasoningthatisanalytic,mindfulandintentional.Itwasfoundthatjumpersandnon-jumperswereequallyinfluencedbyautomaticthoughts.Thejumpers,however,didnotengageincontrolledreasoningtothesamedegreeasnon-jumpers.Itissystem2thinkingthathelpspeoplecounterbalancementalbiasesintroducedbysystem1.Alackofsystem2thinkingisalsomorebroadlyconnectedtotheirproblematicbeliefsandfaultyreasoning.Ineverydaylife,thequestionofwhetherweshouldthinkthingsthroughorinsteadgowithourheartisafrequentandimportantone.Recentstudiesshowthatevengatheringjustalittlebitmoreevidencemayhelpusavoidamajormistake.Sometimesthemostimportantdecisionwemakecanbetotakesomemoretimebeforemakingachoice.8．Whatisthemainideaofthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Overthinkingthingsisamentalbias.B．Evidenceisanecessityforjudgments.C．Jumpingresultsfromawishtowinabet.D．Jumpershaveatendencytoamentalmistake.9．Whatcanwelearnfromtheexperiment?A．Jumperscaughtmorefishthannon-jumpers.B．Non-jumpersgavequickeranswersthanjumpers.C．Non-jumperstendedtoseemorefishbeforenamingthelake.D．Peoplewhosawfewerfishmadefewermistakesinreasoning.10．Accordingtothepassage,inwhichsituationissystem2engagedmore?A．Aftercomparingdifferentbrandsandmodels,Davidpurchasedacar.B．OnhearingthattheApollomoonlandingswerefaked,Miabelievedit.C．Seeingthedirtywindowsofarestaurant,Marydecideditsfoodwasbad.D．Whenpickingadoctor,Jimmerelyacceptedtherecommendationfromafriend.11．Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?A．Toreflectonourthoughtpatternsregularly.B．Tothinktwicebeforewemakeourdecisions.C．Torealizetheconsequencesoffaultyreasoning.D．Toadopttwopathwaysofthoughtbeforeacting.DIntoday’sdigitalera,socialmediausersareincreasinglycomingacrossfakenewsonline.Thisleadstothepressingissue:WhatcausespeopletofallformisinformationontheInternet?AccordingtoresearchersatthePennStateCollegeofInformationSciencesandTechnology,

userscaneasilyfallintoanechochamber(回声室)—asortofvirtualspacewhereusersconsumeonlyone-sidednews,eventuallydistrustinganyopposingviews.“Wealltendtoagreewiththegroupopinion.Hence,peoplenaturallygettogetherwithotherswhoholdthesameopinion,”saidDongwonLee,oneoftheresearchers.“Butifyou’renotcautious,thereisahighriskoffallingintoanechochamber.”Topreventthisphenomenon,theresearchershavecraftedanoveltool,agamenamedChamberBreaker,tohelpplayersresistechochambersandreducetherateoffakenewsspread.ThefundamentalapproachemployedbyChamberBreakercentersaroundadecision-makingprocedurethatmirrorsthecreationofechochambers.InChamberBreaker,aplayeristaskedwithtryingtohavecommunitymembersfallintoanechochamber.Tobegin,theplayerisrandomlyassignedasituationthatfocusesonahealth,politicalorenvironmentalissue,andispresentedwithsixpiecesofnewsonthattopic.Then,theplayerselectsnewsthatcouldcausetheothermemberstofallintoanechochamberwhileatthesametimemaintainingtheirtrust.Ifsuccessful,thecommunitymemberswillfallintoanechochamberandtheplayerwillwitnesstheresultingnegativeeffectsonthecommunity.AfterdevelopingChamberBreaker,researcherstesteditwithover800subjectstoseeifitraisedawarenessofechochambersandchangednewsconsumptionbehaviors.TheresearchersfoundthatthosewhoplayedChamberBreakerweresignificantlymorelikelytostatetheirintentiontoobserveonlineinformationfrommorediverseperspectivesandshowedanincreasedawarenessoftheechochamberphenomenon.Ultimately,theresearchershopethattheirmethodologycanexciteagreaterinterestinthescientificandscholarlystudyrelatedtoinformationconsumption.TheapplicationoftoolslikeChamberBreaker,whichfocusesonfosteringanalyticalreasoning,mayleadustowardsamoreinformedonlinecommunity.12．Whatcanbelearnedaboutanonlineechochamber?A．Itencourageswell-judgedviews.B．Itgatherslike-mindedindividuals.C．Itfunctionsasavirtualrealityplatform.D．Itservesasatoolforidentifyingfakeinformation.13．WhatisChamberBreaker’scoremethodagainstechochambers?A．Assignmentofsituations. B．Trust-buildingexercises.C．Newsselectionstrategy. D．Communityimpactassessment.14．WhichofthefollowingcanshowChamberBreaker’seffectiveness?A．Theresultsofscientifictesting.B．Thetheoreticalframeworkofthegame.C．Thedescriptionofthegameprocedures.D．Thecommonchallengesfacedduringgameplay.15．Whatisthelikelylong-termeffectofplayingChamberBreaker?A．Reducingnewsinquiry. B．Encouragingpassivereading.C．Strengtheningprejudicedviews. D．Enhancingcriticalthinking.(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选中填入空白处的最佳选项。有两项为多余选项。HowcolourpsychologyinfluencesyourdinnerpartyguestsAfterspendinghourscookingandpreparingthetablesettingforyourguests,youhopethateveryoneenjoysyourrecipes.Butit’snotallaboutthequalityoftheingredientsandtheskillsofthecook.16Whetheritisaplate,aglass,abowloracup,colourmakesasignificantimpactonyourguests.17Afterthatfirstimpression,thebrainintegratesthevisualinformationandaffectsperception(认知),makingyouthinkthatthesamefoodisexcellent,goodoraverage.Thus,thegoalfordinnerpartiesistoensurethatthefoodlookspleasingtotheeye,soyourguestswillthinkittastesasgoodasitlooks.Bowlcolourinfluencesthedesirabilityoffoodforpickyeaters,aswellastheperceptionofsaltiness.Pickyeaterstendtoperceivemealsinredandbluebowlsassaltiercomparedtowhite.Andtheyaremoreunwillingtotrynewfoodinaredbowl.18Youcannevergowrongwithawhiteplate.Justavoiditwhenthefoodservedispale.Fordesserts,whiteisidealbecauseitincreasesflavorsandenhancessweetness.19Servingfoodinablackbowlcanincreaseperceptionsofitssaltinessandportionsize.Tobringextraaesthetic(审美的)appeal,creativityandtohighlightfoodslackingincolour,youcanserveyourmealonbrightplates.Butbecareful!20Similaringredientcolorstothetablewaremakeeverythingintegratetogetherandyourgueststhinktheyhavelessfood.A．Itstartswithyoursight.B．Buttheresultofdarkplatescanvaryalittle.C．However,therulesofcolourmaynotapplytoall.D．Besides,colourfulplatesarepreferredbychoosyeaters.E．Foodshouldonlylookmorevividdependingonthemeal.F．Thetableware(餐具)isalsoanessentialelement,especiallythecolour.G．So,fordemandingguests,choosethecolourofthetablewarefirst.第二部分语言知识运用（共25小题，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Jody,ahighschoolwrestlingcoachsprangintoactionafterhearingthathislongtimefriendRayneededakidney(肾).“LastyearRaygavemeacallandhesounded21.Iaskedhimifhewasokay.Hestoppedforamomentandsaid,‘I’m22,’”Jodyexplained.Withoutthinkingtwice,Jodybegan23.Unfortunately,hefoundouthewouldn’tbeakidneymatchforRay,whowasrunningoutoftimebecauseofhow24hewasonthedonorlist.“Iquicklyrealizedthroughthe25donorprogramatLVHospital,Icouldactuallydonatetothekidneybank,26anotherperson’slifewhoIdon’tknow,andRaywouldmoveuponthekidneydonorrecipient(受方)list,”saidJody.Andthat’s27whathedid.Withthesupportofhisfamily,Jodygotthegreenlightand28withthesurgery.Followingthesurgery,Jody’sdoctortoldhimthe29fact:“Wefoundcancerinyou.”30,Jodywasintheearlystagesofatypeofcancerthatusuallygoes31untilit’stoolate.Ifnotforhis32todonateanorgan,doctorsmightnothavebeenableto33thediseaseintime.JodyannouncedthefortunatesaveonFacebook,“Soonerorlater,ifyoutakeactionsbasedon‘goodness’andinthebest34ofothers,itcomesfullcircleback,”hesaid.“Itwasa35thatIdonatedmykidney.Igotabonusgiftandsavedmyownlife!”21．A．terrible B．familiar C．confused D．distracted22．A．recovering B．moving C．resting D．dying23．A．crying B．exercising C．kidding D．testing24．A．different B．popular C．low D．healthy25．A．shared B．improved C．voluntary D．global26．A．balance B．save C．shape D．continue27．A．normally B．exactly C．possibly D．especially28．A．wentahead B．putup C．gotaway D．cameup29．A．plain B．relevant C．disturbing D．observable30．A．Clearly B．Certainly C．Luckily D．Hopefully31．A．accessible B．visible C．undamaged D．undetected32．A．decision B．ability C．permission D．potential33．A．understand B．treat C．catch D．spread34．A．experience B．interest C．effort D．performance35．A．challenge B．relief C．success D．blessing第二节语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答卷的相应位置上。（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）About800metersabovesealevelandnexttothepicturesqueTaipingLake,HoukenginHuangshan,avillage36(locate)inthesouthofAnhuiprovince,seemstobeblessedbynatureandishometothehandmadeteavarietyTaipingKowkui.Everyspring37foggydaysmoistentheemeraldhillsides,villagersknowtheirharvestwillcome.“38anyofthreekeyfactors—properlocation,plantvariety,orprocessingtechnique—theperfectKowkuiwillnotbeborn,”FangJifan,thefifth-generationteafarmersays.“It’s39signatureofourhome.”Kowkui’s40(exceptional)largeleavesoftenleadtoits41(mistake)for“vegetable”byfirst-timeviewers,butthis“king”ofgreenteainFang’seyesbeatsother42(variety)atmorethanjustsize.“Itsfragranceandflavoralsostandout,thankstothetime-consumingworktoprocessthem.”Fangsays.LastNovember,traditionalteaprocessingtechniquesandassociatedsocialpracticesinChina43(add)totheUNESCORepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity.“Theteaculturenotonlyreflectsarefinedtasteinlife,italsoshowsthebeautyofcraftsmanship44people’screativity,”saysZhengYi,deputyheadofAnhuiTeaCultureResearchSociety.“Forcenturies,thescentoftealeaves45(offer)nutritiontothisland.Thisintangibleculturalheritageofteaprocessingtechniquesisdeeplyrootedinpeople’severydaylife.”第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是新华中学的李华，你校拟申请承办英国文化协会(BritishCouncil)主办的“中英校园文化交流论坛”(China-UKCampusCultureForum简称CUCF)。请你用英语为学校写一封承办申请信，内容如下：1.写信目的;2.学校优势;3.希望获准。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearSir/Madam,DearSir/Madam,Yoursfaithfully,LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Theteacherhadjustannouncedthat