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2021-2022学年贵州省“三新”改革联盟校高一下学期联考试题(四)英语试题第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AJoinRainbowTours’neweco-friendlytravellinginRwandaandUganda,whichtakesyoubehindthescenesinareaswheresuccessfulprotectionprojectsareongoing.From£8,055perpersonfor15nights,includingflights.rainbowtours.co.ukSustainableactiveholidayexpertMuchBetterAdventureshascomeupwithanewrouteinJordan,whichincludesanightinatentinWadiRum.OtherhighlightsincludeanexplorationintheDeadSeaandahikethroughtheDanaBiosphereReserve.LaunchesMarch2022.From£975perpersonforfivenights.SinkyourteethintoaGreenTripinaLandRoverDefender,eatingfoodcookedoveranopenfireandsleepinginatentinNorfolk.Wildnis,anewclimate-positiveadventurecompany,offersanaction-packedbreakfeaturingsailing,raftingandseaswimming.From£2,500perpersonforthreenights.wildnis.co.ukHeadintotheHighlandswithnewScottishwildlife-watchingcompanyWildDiscovery.TheoperatorhasintroducedE-guideservicesavailableforvisitors.E-bikeSafariAdventureWeekendsfrom£499perpersonfortwonights.1.Whatfeaturedoalloftheaboveplaceshaveincommon?A.Sleepinginatent. B.ProvidingE-guide.C.Beingeco-friendly. D.Exploringthesea.2.Ifyouareawildlifeloverwithabusyworkschedule,whichcompanywouldyouchoose?A.RainbowTours. B.MuchBetterAdventures. C.Wildnis. D.WildDiscovery.3.Whatcanthisarticlebetakenfrom?A.Atravelbrochure. B.Asciencemagazine.C.Ananimalposter. D.Abiologybook.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个旅游项目的情况以及价格。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“JoinRainbowTours’neweco-friendlytravellinginRwandaandUganda,whichtakesyoubehindthescenesinareaswheresuccessfulprotectionprojectsareongoing.(加入“彩虹之旅”在卢旺达和乌干达新推出的环保之旅,带你了解正在进行成功保护项目的地区的幕后情况)”;第二段中“SustainableactiveholidayexpertMuchBetterAdventureshascomeupwithanewrouteinJordan,whichincludesanightinatentinWadiRum.(可持续活动度假专家“更好的冒险”在约旦提出了一条新路线,其中包括在瓦迪拉姆的帐篷里过夜)”;第三段中“SinkyourteethintoaGreenTripinaLandRoverDefender,eatingfoodcookedoveranopenfireandsleepinginatentinNorfolk.Wildnis,anewclimate-positiveadventurecompany,offersanaction-packedbreakfeaturingsailing,raftingandseaswimming.(在诺福克,开着路虎卫士的绿色之旅,吃着明火上煮的食物,睡在帐篷里。Wildnis是一家新成立的气候积极型探险公司,提供惊险刺激的休闲活动,包括帆船、漂流和海上游泳)”以及最后一段中“HeadintotheHighlandswithnewScottishwildlife-watchingcompanyWildDiscovery.TheoperatorhasintroducedE-guideservicesavailableforvisitors.(跟随新成立的苏格兰野生动物观察公司“野生发现”前往苏格兰高地。该运营商已为游客推出电子导游服务)”可知,四个地点的共同点在于很环保。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“HeadintotheHighlandswithnewScottishwildlife-watchingcompanyWildDiscovery.TheoperatorhasintroducedE-guideservicesavailableforvisitors.E-bikeSafariAdventureWeekendsfrom£499perpersonfortwonights.(跟随新成立的苏格兰野生动物观察公司“野生发现”前往苏格兰高地。该运营商已为游客推出电子导游服务。电动自行车狩猎探险周末两晚每人499英镑起)”可知,如果你是一个野生动物爱好者,工作繁忙,你会选择WildDiscovery。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章主要介绍了四个旅游项目的情况以及价格。可推知,文章选自旅行册子。故选A。BMariaandherparentsmovedtotheUSfromBraziloneyearbeforethepandemic(流行病).Bettereducationopportunitieslayahead,andtheywereexcitedtogetMariaintoanAmericanhighschooltoprepareforcollege.Eachparentgotajob,andMariastartedstudying.Shealsosignedupforaserviceclubbecauseshewantedtomeetpeople,practiceherEnglishandbeapartofthecommunity.“Ilovetoserve,”Mariasays.“Ithinkitismythank-youfortheopportunitiesIhave.”Sheworkedatthelocalfoodbankwithotherkidsofherage,organizingbagsforfamilieswhowerehavingahardtimemakingendsmeet.Butwhenthepandemichit,shefoundherselfatthefoodbankforanotherreason:tobringhomegroceriestoherparents.“Wewereallshockedwhenmymotherlostherjob.Myfriendsatthefoodbankgotmethroughit,”Mariasaid.Luckily,herfatherkepthisjob.Andwithclassesmovingonline,Mariawasabletosecureafull-timejobanddoherclassworkatnight.Threeofhercourseswerecollegeprepclassesthatdemandedalotofwork.Duringhersenioryear,Mariaworked40-hourweeksandstudiedevenmore.Yet,inhersparetime,shepackedfoodbagsforothersbeforetakinghershome.Justbeforegraduation,Mariacameintothefoodbank.Oneofthevolunteersstartedgettingabagreadyforher.“Idon’tneedonetoday,”Mariasaid.“Mymothergotajob.I’mheretohelp.”Mariasupportedherfamilyforeightmonths.Shegraduatedontimeandgotscholarshipoffersfromthreedifferentcolleges.Shemovedtopart-timeworkandhascompletedherfirstsemesterofcollege.4.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellus?A.WhenMariadecidedtogototheUS. B.HowMariamanagedtogetajob.C.WhyMariajoinedtheserviceclub. D.WhatMariadidtohelpherfamily.5.WhatallowedMariatoworkfulltimeduringthepandemic?A.Leavingthefoodbank. B.Thehelpfromherfriends.C.Takingcoursesonline. D.Thesupportfromherparents.6.Whatcaninferfromthelastparagraph?A.Maria’sgreateffortspaidoff. B.Mariadoesverywellincollege.C.Marialikesdoingpart-timejobs. D.Maria’sfamilygaveherlotsofhelp.7.WhatgoodqualitiesdoesMariahave?A.Loyalandreliable. B.Diligentanddedicated.C.Ambitiousandcreative. D.Justandknowledgeable.【答案】4.C5.C6.A7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了主人公玛丽亚凭借自己的努力,在流行病期间完成学业,并尽自己的努力去帮助别人。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段关键句“Shealsosignedupforaserviceclubbecauseshewantedtomeetpeople,practiceherEnglishandbeapartofthecommunity.“Ilovetoserve,”Mariasays.“Ithinkitismythank-youfortheopportunitiesIhave.””(她还报名参加了一个服务俱乐部,因为她想认识一些人,练习英语,成为社区的一部分。“我喜欢服务,”玛丽亚说。“我想这是我对我所拥有的机会的感谢。”)可知,第二段主要告诉我们的是玛丽亚加入服务俱乐部的原因——因为她想认识一些人,练习英语,成为社区的一部分。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段关键句“Andwithclassesmovingonline,Mariawasabletosecureafull-timejobanddoherclassworkatnight.”(因为课程在网上进行,玛丽亚能够获得一份全职工作,并在晚上做课堂作业。)可知,因为课程在网上进行,所以玛丽亚能够获得一份全职工作。在流行病期间,因为在线上课,所以玛丽亚能够全职工作。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“Shegraduatedontimeandgotscholarshipoffersfromthreedifferentcolleges.”(她按时毕业,并获得了三所不同大学的奖学金。)可知,玛丽亚对学习付出的努力得到了回报,她按时毕业,并获得了三所不同大学的奖学金。从最后一段中我们可以推断出玛丽亚的努力得到了回报。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段关键句“Duringhersenioryear,Mariaworked40-hourweeksandstudiedevenmore.”(高三时,玛丽亚每周工作40小时,学习时间更长。)可知,玛丽亚是一个勤奋的人,无论是对待工作还是学习,根据第二段关键句“Shealsosignedupforaserviceclubbecauseshewantedtomeetpeople,practiceherEnglishandbeapartofthecommunity.”(她还报名参加了一个服务俱乐部,因为她想认识一些人,练习英语,成为社区的一部分。)和倒数第二段关键句“Justbeforegraduation,Mariacameintothefoodbank.”(就在毕业前,玛丽亚进入了食品赈济处。)可知,玛丽亚报名参加了一个服务俱乐部,并加入了食品赈济处,由此可知,她愿意帮助别人,是一个有献身精神的人。由此可知,玛丽亚的优秀品质包括勤奋和有献身精神。故选B项。CThenumberofweather-relateddisastershasincreasedbyfivetimesoverthepast50years,thelatestreportbytheWorldMeteorological(气象)Organization(WMO)saidonSeptember.However,thankstoimprovedearlywarningsystemsanddisastermanagement,thenumberofdeathfromthesehazardshasbeenalmostthreetimesless.AccordingtotheWMO,from1970to2019,weather,climateandwaterhazardsaccountedfor50percentofalldisasters.Amongthetop10hazardsthatledtothelargestlossofhumanlifeduringthisperiodweredroughts,storms,floodsandextremetemperatures.However,deathsfellfromover50,000inthe1970stolessthan20,000inthe2010s.“Weather,climateandwaterextremesareincreasingandwillbecomemorefrequentandsevereinmanypartsoftheworldasaresultofclimatechange,”saysWMOSecretary-GeneralPetteriTaalas.“Thatmeansmoreheatwaves,droughtandforestfiressuchasthosewehaveobservedrecentlyinEuropeandNorthAmerica.Wehavemorewatervaporintheatmosphere,whichisworseningextremerainfallanddeadlyflooding.Thewarmingoftheoceanshasaffectedthefrequencyandareaofexistenceofthemostintensetropicalstorms.”“Economiclossesareincreasingasexposureincreases.Butbehindthestatisticsliesamessageofhope.Improvedmulti-hazardearlywarningsystemshaveledtoasignificantreductionindeaths.Quitesimply,wearebetterthaneverbeforeatsavinglives,”Taalassaid.8.Whatdoweknowfromthefirstparagraph?A.Disastersconnectedwithweatherhavegoneup.B.Thenumberofweather-relateddisastershasdecreased.C.Thenumberofdeathsfromhazardshasbeenincreasing.D.Earlywarningsystemshavemadedisastersdeclinemuch.9.WhatwillhappenaccordingtoPetteriTaalas?A.Therewillbemoreextremeweather.B.Extremerainfallwillnolongerexist.C.Watervaporintheatmospherewillgodown.D.Humanswilldefeatextremeweatherintheend.10.Whatishopefulbehindthebadnews?A.Improvedwarningsystemswillsaveeconomiclosses.B.Economiclossesaregoingdownasexposureincreases.C.Moreliveswillbesavedthankstoearlywarningsystems.D.Improvedearlywarningsystemswillcontrolextremeweather11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hazards”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Somethingpolluted.B.Somethingreported.C.Somethingdangerous.D.Somethingsafe.【答案】8.A9.A10.C11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了,极端天气和与此相关的灾难会越来越多,但是人类可以通过早期预警系统拯救更多的生命。【8题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“Thenumberofweather-relateddisastershasincreasedbyfivetimesoverthepast50years,thelatestreportbytheWorldMeteorological(气象)Organization(WMO)saidonSeptember.(世界气象组织(WMO)9月发布的最新报告称,过去50年中,与天气相关的灾害数量增加了五倍)”可知,与天气有关的灾害不断增加。故选A项。【9题详解】推理判断题。由第三段PetteriTaalas的话“Weather,climateandwaterextremesareincreasingandwillbecomemorefrequentandsevereinmanypartsoftheworldasaresultofclimatechange(由于气候变化,极端天气、气候和水资源稀缺正在增加,并将在世界许多地区变得更加频繁和严重)”可知,PetteriTaalas认为未来世界许多地区将会有更多的极端天气。故选A项。【10题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Economiclossesareincreasingasexposureincreases.Butbehindthestatisticsliesamessageofhope.Improvedmulti-hazardearlywarningsystemshaveledtoasignificantreductionindeaths.(经济损失随着风险敞口的增加而增加。但在统计数据背后隐藏着一个希望的信息。改进的多灾害预警系统已导致死亡人数显著减少)”可知,坏消息背后的希望是:早期预警系统将挽救更多的生命。故选C项。11题详解】词句猜测题。由第一段“Thenumberofweather-relateddisastershasincreasedbyfivetimesoverthepast50years,thelatestreportbytheWorldMeteorological(气象)Organization(WMO)saidonSeptember.However,thankstoimprovedearlywarningsystemsanddisastermanagement,thenumberofdeathfromthesehazardshasbeenalmostthreetimesless.(世界气象组织(WMO)9月发布的最新报告称,过去50年中,与天气相关的灾害数量增加了五倍。然而,由于改进了预警系统和灾害管理,死于这些hazards的人数几乎减少了三倍)”可知,此处指死于自然灾害的人的数量,hazards在此处意为“Somethingdangerous(危险的东西)”。故选C项。DAndroidphoneswillbeusedtosenseearthquakesaroundtheworldandmayonedaybeabletoprovideglobalwarnings,withthefirstmassalertsystemcomingintouseonAugust11inCalifornia,Googleannounced.Google,whichhelpeddevelopAndroid,workedwithCaliforniaandtheUSGeologicalSurveytobuildthequakealertsintoallphonesthatrunthecommonmobileoperatingsystem.Androiduserswhohaveenabledlocationservicesandarenearaquakeofmagnitude4.5orgreaterwillreceiveafull-screenearthquakewarmingtellingthemtodroptothefloorandseekcover.Thescreenalsowillprovideestimatesofthequake'smagnitudeanddistancefromtheuser.Dependingontheirdistancefromaquake,peoplecouldgetseveralsecondsorperhapsaminuteofwarning.Userswon'tneedtodownloadCalifornia'sMyShakeappinordertoreceivethealerts.Thatapplication,developedbytheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeleyandlaunchedlastyear,hasbeendownloadedbyonlyabout1millionofCalifornia's40millionresidents.Bycontrast,manymillionsofpeopleownAndroidphones.“ThisannouncementmeansthatCalifornia'sworld-classearthquakeearlywarningsystemwillbeastandardfunctiononeveryAndroidphone—givingmillionsprecioussecondstodrop,coverandholdonwhenthebigonehits,”Gov.GavinNewsomsaidinastatement.IPhoneuserswon'treceivethealertsthroughApple'soperatingsystem,buttheycandownloadtheMyShakeapp.Also,GoogleannouncedthatAndroidphoneswouldbegindetectingearthquakesfromaroundtheworldthroughtheirmotion-sensingaccelerometers.“YourAndroidphonecanbeamini-seismometer(地震仪),joiningmillionsofotherAndroidphonesouttheretoformtheworld’slargestearthquakedetectionnetwork,”accordingtoaGoogleblogpost.Morethan2billiondevicesruntheAndroidoperatingsystem.Hundredsofmillionsofpeopleliveinearthquake-proneareas.Butmanycountrieslacktheresourcestobuilddetectionandalertsystems,Googlesaid.TheinformationwillbeusedatfirsttoprovidefastandaccurateinformationonGoogleSearch.ButGooglesaiditcouldbeginsendingoutearthquakealertsnextyear.12.IfanearthquakehitstheUS,whowon'treceivetheearthquakewarning?A.Androiduserswhohaven'tdownloadedtheMyShakeapp.B.IPhoneuserswhohavedownloadedtheMyShakeapp.C.IPhoneuserswhohaven'tdownloadedtheMyShakeapp.D.AndroiduserswhohavedownloadedtheMyShakeapp.13.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.MillionsofpeoplehavedownloadedtheMyShakeapp.B.Theearthquakeearlywarningsystemwillbeofgreathelp.C.Googlehasalreadysentoutearthquakealertssincelastyear.D.Over2billiondevicesruntheAppleoperatingsystem.14.WhatwillglobalizeGoogle'searthquakedetectionnetwork?A.NewtechnologydevelopedbyGoogle.B.ThelargenumberofAndroidphoneusers.C.Motion-sensingaccelerometers.D.ThenewlydevelopedMyShakeapp.15.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.ToshareanewMyShakeapp.B.TopromoteAndroidphones.C.TomakeGoogleknowntotheworld.D.TointroduceanewfunctionofAndroidphones.【答案】12.C13.B14.B15.D【解析】【导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。你有没有想过自己手机有一天会变成地震仪?安卓手机用户不必安装任何APP,就能在地震来临时收到警报。目前这一地震警报系统只覆盖了美国加州,但谷歌表示这一系统有望给全球发出地震警报。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Userswon'tneedtodownloadCalifornia'sMyShakeappinordertoreceivethealerts.(用户无需下载加州的MyShake应用就能收到警报。)”,第四段的“ThisannouncementmeansthatCalifornia’sworld-classearthquakeearlywarningsystemwillbeastandardfunctiononeveryAndroidphone—givingmillionsprecioussecondstodrop,coverandholdonwhenthebigonehits(这一公告意味着加州的世界级地震预警系统将是每个安卓手机的一个标准功能——给数百万人争取宝贵的时间在地震来袭时伏地,找遮挡,并坚持到底。)”以及“IPhoneuserswon'treceivethealertsthroughApple'soperatingsystem,buttheycandownloadtheMyShakeapp.(苹果手机用户不会通过苹果操作系统收到警报,但他们可以下载MyShake应用程序。)”可知,没有下载MyShake的苹果用户接收不到地震警报。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Morethan2billiondevicesruntheAndroidoperatingsystem.Hundredsofmillionsofpeopleliveinearthquake-proneareas.Butmanycountrieslacktheresourcestobuilddetectionandalertsystems,Googlesaid.TheinformationwillbeusedatfirsttoprovidefastandaccurateinformationonGoogleSearch.ButGooglesaiditcouldbeginsendingoutearthquakealertsnextyear.(超20亿手机用户使用安卓操作系统。数以亿计的人生活在地震多发地区。但许多国家没有足够的资源来建立监测和警报系统,谷歌称。这些信息将首先被用来在谷歌搜索中提供快速准确的信息,但谷歌表示明年可能开始发送地震警报。)”可知,这个地震的早期预警系统将会有很大用处。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Thatapplication,developedbytheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeleyandlaunchedlastyear,hasbeendownloadedbyonlyabout1millionofCalifornia's40millionresidents.Bycontrast,manymillionsofpeopleownAndroidphones.(加州大学伯克利分校研发并于去年推出的这款应用只有大约100万加州居民下载过,而加州人口共有4000万。相比之下,拥有安卓手机的人达数百万。)”可知,大量的安卓手机用户将使谷歌的地震探测网络全球化。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文结合文章第一段“Androidphoneswillbeusedtosenseearthquakesaroundtheworldandmayonedaybeabletoprovideglobalwarnings,withthefirstmassalertsystemcomingintouseonAugust11inCalifornia,Googleannounced.(谷歌宣布,安卓手机将能用来感知世界各地的地震,也许有一天还能给全球发出地震警报,首个大众警报系统于8月11日在美国加州上线。)”可知,文章主要介绍了安卓手机将被用于探测世界各地的地震,并可能有朝一日能够提供全球警报。因此推断作者的目的是介绍一种安卓手机的新功能。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。FiveWaystoMakePeopleLikeYou●BeagoodlistenerEncourageotherstotalkaboutthemselves.Theeasiestwaytobecomeagoodconversationalist(健谈的人)istobecomeagoodlistener.Tobeagoodlistener,wemustactuallycareaboutwhatpeoplehavetosay.___16___.Instead,theyjustwantsomeonewhowilllistentothem.●Smile___17___.Smilesarefreetogiveandhaveanamazingabilitytomakeothersfeelwonderful.Smileineverythingthatyoudo.●Rememberaperson'snameToanyperson,his/hernameisthesweetestandmostimportantsoundinanylanguage.___18___Peoplelovetheirnamessomuchthattheywilloftendonatelargeamountsofmoneyjusttohaveabuildingnamedafterthem.Wecanmakepeoplefeelextremelyvaluedandimportantbyrememberingtheirnames.●___19___Youcanmakemorefriendsintwomonthsbygivingattentiontothemthanbymakingthemcuriousaboutyouintwoyears.Theonlywaytomakequality,lastingfriendshipsistolearntobegenuinelyinterestedinthemandtheirinterests.●MaketheotherpersonfeelimportantanddoitsincerelyThegoldenruleistotreatotherpeoplehowwewouldliketobetreated.___20___Peoplewilltalktousforhoursifweallowthemtotalkaboutthemselves.Ifwecanmakepeoplefeelimportantinasincereandappreciativeway,thenwewillwinallthefriendswecouldeverdreamof.A.BecomegenuinelyinterestedinotherpeopleB.ShareyourinterestswithotherpeoplearoundyouC.WelovetofeelimportantandsodoeseveryoneelseD.Manytimespeopledon'twantanentertainingconversationpartnerE.YoushouldmakeotherpeoplefeelconfidentwheneverandwhereverpossibleF.Happinessdoesnotdependonoutsidecircumstances,butratheroninwardattitudesG.Theaveragepeoplearemoreinterestedintheirownnamesthaninalltheothernames【答案】16.D17.E18.G19.A20.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,详细介绍了让别人喜欢上我们的五条建议。【16题详解】本段的主题是“Beagoodlistener”,建议我们做一个听众。横线后一句“Instead,theyjustwantsomeonewhowilllistentothem.”告诉我们有时候我们只是需要一个听众而已。D项中的“don'twantanentertainingconversationpartner”与后句语意一致,故选择D项。【17题详解】本段的主题是“Smile”,建议我们在与他人相处的时候要面对微笑。在与人交往的时候,我们要让别人感觉很舒服,而微笑会让别人感觉很棒。E项内容与上下文语意一致。故选择E项。【18题详解】本段的主题是“Rememberaperson'sname”,建议我们要记住他人的名字。本段第一句告诉我们对于我们来说,名字是最重要的标志。人们对自己的名字是非常感兴趣的,所以要想让别人喜欢我们,一定要迅速记住别人的名字。故G项正确。【19题详解】本段最后一句“Theonlywaytomakequality,lastingfriendshipsistolearntobegenuinelyinterestedinthemandtheirinterests.”告诉我们取得高品质持久的友谊的唯一方法是真正关注别人和别人的兴趣。A项与本段中心思想一致,故选择A项。【20题详解】本段的中心思想是“Maketheotherpersonfeelimportantanddoitsincerely”,建议我们要让别人感觉自己很重要。本段第一句“Thegoldenruleistotreatotherpeoplehowwewouldliketobetreated.”告诉我们都喜欢像别人对待我们的那样对待他人。所以人人都喜欢自己被别人重视。C项“Welovetofeelimportantandsodoeseveryoneelse”意为“我们都喜欢感觉自己很重要,其他人也一样”,与上下文语境一致。故C项正确。【点睛】在完成七选五阅读时候,我们可以从表示转折关系的细节逻辑上判断,以本文小题1为例,本题的关键词是副词“instead”。横线后一句“Instead,theyjustwantsomeonewhowilllistentothem.”告诉我们有时候我们只是需要一个听众,并不需要谈话的对象多么令人愉悦。所以选择D项。转折关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的逆转,则空格处很有可能是个转折逻辑的句子。表示转折关系的连接词有:however然而,nevertheless仍然,然而,不过,nonetheless尽管如此,依然,然而,still还;然而,though可是,不过,然而,yet然而,inspiteof不顾,不管,atanyrate无论如何,至少,inanycase无论如何,不管怎样,whoever无论是谁,whatever无论什么,onthecontrary正相反,incontrast与此相反,相比之下,bycontrast相反,相比之下,incomparison比较起来,比较地,bycomparison相比之下,conversely相反(地),otherwise否则;除此以外,not---but不是-----而是,aswell也等。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WoodyDavishadalwaysbeengenerousandkind.Heneverearnedmuchmoney,butalways____21____toeverybodyandaidedothers.Folksintownare____22____forthegooddeedshe’sdoneoverthelast50years.Lastyear,theydecidedtotryandreturnsomeofthat____23____.Theystartedbycuttinghisfirewoodforwinter.Acoupleofguys____24____hisoldandbrokentruck.Woody’sson,ClintDavis,saidhedidn’tknowhowmuchthecommunity____25____hisfatheruntilnow.Hesaidalltheworkhisdaddidforpeoplehasbeen____26____tentimesandthatanyonecan’tbuythe____27____thatpeoplehavepouredoutforhisdad.Unfortunately,Woody’sdayswere____28____.Aboutayearago,WoodycontractedALS(肌萎缩侧索硬化症).WhenCBSNews____29____himinJanuary,hishealthwasdecliningrapidly.Hewasalready____30____toliftandtalk,buthisspiritwascompletely____31____.Woodytoldthereporterthathecouldhardly____32____allthehelpofferedbylocalpeople.“IfeelluckythatIamdyingslowly,”Woodysaid.Hiswordsseemed____33____.Woodyexplainedthathewasglad____34____hegottoseehowpeoplefeltabouthimandwhathe____35____meanttothembeforehedied.21.A.waved B.pointed C.apologized D.appealed22.A.eager B.ready C.grateful D.concerned23.A.mercy B.goodwill C.choice D.reward24.A.fixedup B.turnedin C.tookapart D.pulledover25.A.madeout B.stoodby C.tookin D.caredabout26.A.repeated B.understood C.repaid D.accomplished27.A.love B.hope C.memory D.expectation28.A.concluded B.lengthened C.treasured D.numbered29.A.recognized B.interviewed C.consulted D.comforted30.A.preparing B.attempting C.struggling D.managing31.A.unreasonable B.unmoved C.untouched D.unstable32.A.suspect B.accept C.appreciate D.believe33.A.strange B.powerful C.simple D.awkward34.A.though B.because C.once D.unless35.A.fortunately B.gently C.normally D.actually【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.A25.D26.C27.A28.D29.B30.C31.C32.D33.A34.B35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了善良的伍迪·戴维斯被社区的人们所爱戴,人们尽自己所能帮助他。虽然一年前,伍迪得了肌萎缩侧索硬化症,但他很高兴能在死前看到人们对他的感觉,以及他对他们真正的意义。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他从来没有挣过多少钱,但总是向每个人招手,帮助别人。A.waved挥动;B.pointed指出;C.apologized道歉;D.appealed吸引。根据后文“everybodyandaidedothers”可知伍迪总是在帮助别人,和别人挥手打招呼。故选A。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:镇上的人都很感激他在过去50年里做的好事。A.eager渴望的;B.ready准备好的;C.grateful感激的;D.concerned关心的。根据后文“forthegooddeedshe’sdoneoverthelast50years”指感激他做的好事,应用grateful。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:去年,他们决定尝试回报一些善意。A.mercy仁慈;B.goodwill好意;C.choice选择;D.reward奖励。呼应上文“thegooddeedshe’sdone”指回报伍迪的善意。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:几个人修理了他那辆又旧又坏的卡车。A.fixedup修理;B.turnedin上交;C.tookapart拆开;D.pulledover靠边停车。根据后文“hisoldandbrokentruck”指修理旧卡车应用fixup。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:伍迪的儿子克林特·戴维斯说,直到现在他才知道社区有多关心他的父亲。A.madeout理解;B.stoodby支持;C.tookin理解;D.caredabout关心。根据上文“Theystartedbycuttinghisfirewoodforwinter.Acoupleofguys”可知,社区的人自发回报伍迪,可见很关心他。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他说,他父亲为人们所做的一切都得到了十倍的回报,任何人都无法买到人们对他父亲倾注的爱。A.repeated重复;B.understood理解;C.repaid偿还;D.accomplished完成。呼应上文“returnsomeof”指他父亲做的一些得到了回报。故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他说,他父亲为人们所做的一切都得到了十倍的回报,任何人都无法买到人们对他父亲倾注的爱。A.love爱;B.hope希望;C.memory记忆;D.expectation期待。根据后文“thatpeoplehavepouredoutforhisdad”以及上文社区的人为伍迪做的事情,可见人们对伍迪倾注了爱意。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:不幸的是,伍迪的日子屈指可数了。A.concluded下结论;B.lengthened延长;C.treasured珍视;D.numbered计数。根据后文“Aboutayearago,WoodycontractedALS.”可知伍迪换了肌萎缩侧索硬化症,所以日子屈指可数了。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:今年1月CBS新闻采访他时,他的健康状况迅速恶化。A.recognized识别;B.interviewed采访;C.consulted咨询;D.comforted安慰。根据上文“CBSNews”指CBS新闻采访伍迪。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他挣扎着起来说话,但他的精神却丝毫未受影响。A.preparing准备;B.attempting尝试;C.struggling努力,挣扎;D.managing管理。结合上文“hishealthwasdecliningrapidly”可知健康状况恶化,只能挣扎着起来说话了,故选C。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他挣扎着起来说话,但他的精神却丝毫未受影响。A.unreasonable不合理的;B.unmoved无动于衷的;C.untouched未受影响的;D.unstable不稳定的。根据后文“‘IfeelluckythatIamdyingslowly,’Woodysaid.”以及but表示转折,可知伍迪的精神却丝毫未受影响。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:伍迪告诉记者,他很难相信当地人提供的帮助。A.suspect怀疑;B.accept接受;C.appreciate感激;D.believe相信。根据上文“Woodytoldthereporterthathecouldhardly”可知,伍迪很难相信当地人提供的帮助。故选D。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他的话听起来很奇怪。A.strange奇怪的;B.powerful强大的;C.simple简单的;D.awkward尴尬的。根据上文“IfeelluckythatIamdyingslowly”伍迪说为自己慢慢死去感到幸运,可知这是听起来很奇怪的话。故选A。【34题详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意:伍迪解释说,他很高兴,因为在他死之前,他可以看到人们对他的感觉,以及他对他们真正的意义。A.though虽然;B.because因为;C.once一旦;D.unless除非。引导原因状语从句,表示“因为”应用because。故选B。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:伍迪解释说,他很高兴,因为在他死之前,他可以看到人们对他的感觉,以及他对他们真正的意义。A.fortunately幸运地;B.gently温柔地;C.normally正常地;D.actually真正地,实际上。根据后文“meanttothem”可知伍迪很高兴自己快要在死前,看到他对人们真正的意义。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Fiftyyearsago,Chinasuccessfullylauncheditsfirstsatellite,Dongfanghong1,andstarted___36___newchapterinspaceexploration.___37___(mark)its50thanniversary,theChinaNationalSpaceAdministrationannouncedthenameforthecountry’sMarsplanetaryexplorationprogramonApril24.Themission,TianwengotitsnamefromalongpoemTianwen___38___(write)byQuYuan,afamouspoetoftheWarringStatesPeriod.Inthepoem,Quraisedaseriesofquestions___39___(concern)thesky,stars,naturalphenomena,mythsandtherealworld,reflectinghisdoubtsontraditionalideas___40___hispursuitoftruth.Sofar,China___41___(make)remarkableprogressinspaceexploration.In1970,Chinalauncheditsfirstman-madeEarthsatellite,becomingthefifthcountryintheworldtolaunchman-madesatellites___42___(independent).Overthepastfewyears,Chinasmissions,includingtheShenzhouandChangeseriesweredesignedtoexploreouterspace,expanded___43___(mankind)understandingofEarthandtheuniverse.Thistime,theTianwenserieswillcarryoutthefirstMarsexplorationmission,___44___representsamilestoneforChinasmovetowarddeepspace.WiththenamesdeeprootsinChinesetraditionalculture,Tianwendemonstratesthe____45____(determine)andperseveranceofChinesepeopletomovefurtherintodeepspace.【答案】36.a37.Tomark38.written39.concerning40.and41.hasmade42.independently43.mankind’s44.which45.determination【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国太空探索方面的历史发展以及成功发射“天问”系列的意义。【36题详解】考查冠词。句意:50年前,中国成功发射了第一颗卫星“东方红1号”,开启了太空探索的新篇章。分析句子可知,句中泛指一个新篇章,故空格处应用不定冠词,“new”单词音标的第一个音素为辅音音素,故应用不定冠词“a”。故填a。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了纪念其50周年,中国国家航天局于4月24日宣布了该国火星行星探测计划的名称。根据句意可知,句中“为了纪念其50周年”是“宣布火星行星探测计划的名称”的目的,故应用不定式作目的状语,“mark”意为“纪念”,动词词性,不定式符号“to”后接动词原形,句首单词首字母大写。故填Tomark。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:“天问”的名字来源于战国时期著名诗人屈原的一首长诗《天问》。分析句子可知,句中有谓语动词“got”且句中无连词,故空格处应用非谓语动词,“Tianwen”与“write”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故应用“write”的过去分词“written”,作后置定语。故填written。【39题详解】考查介词。句意:在这首诗中,屈原提出了一系列关于天空、星星、自然现象、神话和现实世界的问题,反映了他对传统观念的怀疑和对真理的追求。根据句意可知,屈原提出的问题是“关于”天空、星星、自然现象、神话和现实世界的,故空格处应用“concerning”,意为“关于”,介词词性。故填concerning。【40题详解】考查连词。句意:在这首诗中,屈原提出了一系列关于天空、星星、自然现象、神话和现实世界的问题,反映了他对传统观念的怀疑和对真理的追求。根据句意可知,句中“hisdoubtsontraditionalideas”和“hispursuit(追求)oftruth”之间为并列关系,故应用连词“and”,表示并列。故填and。【41题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:到目前为止,中国在太空探索方面取得了显著的进展。根据句意和句中“Sofar”可知,句中应用现在完成时表示动作开始于过去并持续到现在,句子主语“China”是第三人称单数,与“has”连用,“make”的过去分词为“made”。故填hasmade。【42题详解】考查副词。句意:1970年,中国发射了第一颗人造地球卫星,成为世界上第五个独立发射人造卫星的国家。分析句子可知,句中“launch”意为“发射”,动词词性,应用副词修饰,“independent”意为“独立的”,形容词词性,对应的副词为“independently”,意为“独立地”。故填independently。【43题详解】考查名词所有格。句意:在过去的几年里,中国的任务,包括“神舟”和“嫦娥”系列,旨在探索外层空间,扩大了人类对地球和宇宙的理解。分析句子可知,“understanding”意为“理解”,名词词性,前面应用名词所有格修饰,“mankind”意为“人类”,名词词性,名词所有格为“mankind’s”。故填mankind’s。【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意:这一次,“天问”系列将执行第一次火星探测任务,这是中国探索外太空的一个里程碑。根据句意和句子结构可知,句子为非限制性定语从
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