西南四省名校2022届高三年级上册第一次大联考英语试题 含解析

2022届四省名校高三第一次大联考

英语

本试题卷共8页。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。

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4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中

选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下

一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Ahotel.B.Acolleague.C.Afire.

2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Athome.B.Ataparty.C.Inastore.

3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Husbandandwife.B.Brotherandsister.C.Bossandemployee.

4.WhenwasJack'sflightscheduledtotakeoff?

A.2:00a.m.B.11:00p.m.C.12:00p.m.

5.What*sthewomanmostprobablydoing?

A.Applyingforacollege.

B.Havingajobinterview.

C.Visitingtheelderly.

第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或对白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C

三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小

题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.WhatdoesLucysayaboutherroommates?

A.Theyarefromthesamemajor.

B.Theyhavesomethingincommon.

C.Theycomefromdifferentplaces.

7.WherewillMikeprobablygonext?

A.Thedormitory.B.Thegym.C.Theclassroom.

听第7段材料，回答第8系10题。

8.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?

A.Loseweight.B.Goswimming.C.Takeexercise.

9.Howwillthemanhelpthewoman?

A.Byadvisingheraboutthediet.

B.Byrecommendingayogatrainertoher.

C.Byprovidingherwithafitnessplan.

10.Howdoesthewomansoundattheendoftheconversation?

A.Disappointed.B.Uncertain.C.Satisfied.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.WhatisDorisprobablydoing?

A.Takingawalk.B.Havinglunch.C.Makingaphonecall.

12.WhydidJennycanceltheanangementwithDoris?

A.Topreparefbranexam.

B.lbtakelotsofexercise.

C.Tomakeanotherappointment.

13.OnwhatconditionshouldDoriscallJennyback?

A.Ifshecomesbackearly.

B.Ifsheisfreetomorrow.

C.Ifsheagreestomeetnextweek.

听第9届材料，回答第14至16题。

14.WheredidWinkelmannprobablygeteducatedasachild?

A.Intheschool.B.Inthechurch.C.Inthehome.

15.WhatwasWinkelmanndoingwhenshemadeherdiscovery?

A.Walkingunderthestarrysky.

B.Watchingstars.

C.Studyingaknowncomet（彗星）.

16.WhathappenedtoWinkelmann'sapplicationasanassistantastronomer?

A.Itwasaccepted.B.Itwasignored.C.Itwasdeclined.

听第io段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Whathappenedtotheolddog?

A.Hewaslostandblockingastreet.

B.Helovedhisownersandwaswell-fed.

CHewaslovelyandtrickedbyaman.

18.Wherewasthedogwhenthewomanwenttowork?

A.Atthewoman'shome.

B.Inthepolicestation.

C.Intheanimalshelter.

19.Whatdidn'tthewomanexpect?

A.Toadoptadog.

B.Togiveherinformation.

C.Toreceiveathank-younote.

20.WhowasBarney?

A.Thedog'sowner.B.Theflowerman.C.Theolddog.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

We'reopen!Twomillionyearsofhumanhistoryawaits

Mostofourgalleriesareopen,fromtheworld-famousEgyptianmummiestothewonderful

collectionoftheIslamicWorld.TicketstoNero:themanbehindthemythandThomasBecket:

murderandthemakingofasaintandthepermanentcollectionarenowavailabletobook.Wecant

waittowelcomeyouback.

EntrytotheMuseumisnowticketed,bothforthefreepermanentcollectionandpaid

exhibitions.Allvisitors,includingmembersandvolunteers,areadvisedtobookinadvance.Please

notethatsomegalleries（e.g.TheContemporaryandModernMiddleEasternArt）remainclosed.

•Alimitednumberofwalk-up;ticketsareavailableeachdayforthosewhoarriveatthe

Museumwithoutadvancebookings—pleasespeaktostaffonyouramvalattheMuseumtoenquire

aboutavailability,asentry,can'tbeguaranteed.

•Facecoveringsarerequiredfortheprotectionofyourselfandothers.

•Weaskthatyou,keepasafedistanceapartduringyourvisit.Staffareon-handtoadvise

andtherearemarkersthroughouttheMuseumtoguideyou.Pleasebeconsiderateofothervisitors

andstaff.

•Someofourcafesandshopswillbeopen-contactlesspaymentisprefened.

•PleasedonotvisitifyoufeelunwellofhaveCOVID-19symptoms.

•UndercurrentregulationsrelatingtoNHSTestandTrace,we'rerequiredtoaskevery

visitoraged16andovertoprovidetheircontactdetailsforTestandTrace.

Pleasefollowgovernmentguidanceandvisitingroupsofnomorethansixpeopleoragroupof

twohouseholds.Weaskthatyoumaintainsocialdistancingbetweenpeopleyoudonotlivewith.

Weusecookiestoprovideyouwithmorepersonalisedservices.Formoreinformation,please

followthe“Readmore^^link,otherwiseselect“Acceptandclose”.

1.Whichofthefollowingexhibitionsisnotavailabletovisitorsnow?

A.Thepennanentcollection.

B.Nero:themanbehindthemyth.

C.TheContemporaryandModemMiddleEasternArt.

D.ThomasBecket:murderandthemahingofasaint.

2.Whatarevisitorsaged16andoverrequiredtodo?

A.Providecontactdetails.B.Bookwalk-uptickets.

C.Takeaguidedtour.D.Visitingroupsoflessthansix

families.

3.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?

A.Aguidebook.B.Awebsite.C.Anartnewspaper.D.A

magazine.

【答案】l.C2.A3.B

【分析】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了博物馆的开馆注意事项，包括订票，疫情防护措施等。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段aPleasenotethatsomegalleries（e.g.TheContemporaryandModern

MiddleEasternArt）remainclosed.（请注意，一些画廊（如当代和现代中东艺术）仍然关闭）”

可知，TheContemporaryandModemMiddleEasternArt目前还未对游客开放。故选C。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第三段"•UndercurrentregulationsrelatingtoNHSTestandTrace,

we'rerequiredtoaskeveryvisitoraged16andovertoprovidetheircontactdetailsforTestand

Trace.（・根据目前有关NHS检测和跟踪规定，我们要求每一位16岁以上的游客提供他们

的联系方式）”可知，16岁及以上的游客要提供联系信息。故选A。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Formoreinformation,pleasefollowthe"Readmore"link,

otherwiseselect“Acceptandclose”.（如欲了解更多信息，请点击“阅读更多”链接，否则选择

“接受并关闭“）”可推知，这篇文章应该来源于一个博物馆的网站。故选B。

B

Asateenager,whenmyfamilytookavacation,Iwrotepostcardstoshowmyfriendsthenew

placesIhadexplored.IconsideredpostcardsassimplyawaytosharetravelsuntilIcameacrossmy

grandmother'spostcardalbum.

Itwasadarkgrayleatheralbum,wheremostofthepostcardshadpicturesthatdidnotreflecta

holidayoratraveldestination.Instead,thenotesweremostlyinvitationstoadinnerpartyorawalk

thenextday.

“Whydothesepostcardsaskyoutocometotea?"1askedmygrandmother.

“BecausethisishowwecommunicatedbeforewehadatelephoneJshesaid."Iwouldpopa

postcardinthemorningmail,andafriendwouldreceiveitthatafternoon.Thenshe'dpostareply

thatarrivedinmymailthenextmoming.^^

Iwassurprised.LifewithoutaphonesoundedlikesomethingoutofLittleHouseonthePrairie.

Connectingbypostcardsseemedasunexpectedasusingacarrierpigeon.

Ihadforgottenaboutmygrandmother'spostcardsuntillockdownsrestrictedourtripstoseeing

ourthreegranddaughters.Rememberingmygrandmother^album,Iboughtseveralsetsofcardsand

everyfewweeks,Tdwritenotesandmailthem.Thegirlsoccasionallyrespondedwithbrief

thank-youtexts.

ThenonedayIopenedmymailboxandspiedthreehand-addressedenvelopes.Theywerefrom

mygranddaughters,eachthankingmeforthepostcards.Thenotescapturedtheirdisappointment

withthepandemicandhowmymessageshadcomfortedthem.

Ihadbeenthinkinghowmygrandmotherhadacceptedthetelephoneasanewwaytokeep

relationships.Likeher,Iacceptedthegirls'preferredmodeofcommunicationandtextedmythanks

fortheirletters.Yet,evenasthelockdownsend,Iwillcontinuetosendthempostcardsbecause

every-oneenjoysreceivingarealletterinthemail.

4.Whydidtheauthor'sgrandmotherwritepostcards?

A.Tosharetravelexperiences.B.Toconnectwithpeople.

C.Topassthetime.D.Toshowloveandcare.

5.Whatdidtheauthorthinkoflifewithoutaphone?

A.Itwasstrangeandhardtoimagine.B.Itwaspeaceful.

C.Itwaslikelifeontheprairie.D.Itwasattractive.

6.Howdoestheauthorfeelwhenreceivingletters?

A.Puzzled.B.Regretful.C.Delighted.D.Crazy.

7.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.AttractionofPostcardsB.NewWaysofCommunication

C.LoveduringLockdownsD.AnOldPostcardAlbum

【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.A

【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了在不同的时期和社会背景下，明信片对于她和祖母

的不同的意义。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段"Itwasadarkgrayleatheralbum,wheremostofthepostcardshad

picturesthatdidnotreflectaholidayoratraveldestination.Instead,thenotesweremostly

invitationstoadinnerpartyorawalkthenextday.（那是一本深灰色的皮革相册，里面的明信片

上的照片并没有反映出度假或旅游目的地。相反，这些便条大多是邀请他们参加晚宴或第二

天的散步）”可知，祖母写明信片主要是联系朋友，传递信息。故选B。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据第五段"Iwassurprised.Lifewithoutaphonesoundedlikesomethingoutof

LittleHouseonthePrairie.Connectingbypostcardsseemedasunexpectedasusingacarrier

pigeon.（我很惊讶。没有电+话的生活听起来就像《草原小屋》里的故事。用明信片联系就

像用信鸽一样出人意料）”可知，作者认为没有手机的生活是不可理解、难以想象的。故选

Ao

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Likeher,Iacceptedthegirls,preferredmodeofcommunication

andtextedmythanksfortheirletters.（像她一样，我接受了女孩们喜欢的交流方式，并发短信

感谢她们的来信）”可知，作者收到孩子们的来信是很开心的。故选C。

【7题详解】

主旨大意题。这篇围绕postcard展开，从“我”寄明信片和朋友分享旅行经历，到无意中发

现祖母的明信片册，得知祖母那个时代人们写明信片不同的意义，再到疫情期间，“我”给

孩子们写明信片，“我”和孩子们都获得了不一样的心灵感受。故A选项“明信片的吸引

力”最符合文章标题。故选A。

C

ScientistsnearSanFranciscoworktoidentifyatypeofendangeredfishusingatoolthatwas

orig-inallymadefortreatingcancer.

Currently,CRISPRisusedtochangethegeneticmaterialinspecificcells.Bychangingthe

structureofimmunecells,ithelpsrecognizeandfightcancer.Thesametechnologyisnowusedina

specialmachinecalledSherlock,which,ofcourse,isnamedafterthefamousinvestigatorSherlock

Holmes.Theydonot,however,useSherlocktochangefishcells.Instead,theoceanresearchers

catchthefish,collectasmallamountofmucusandthentestthecellstofindthegeneticmakeupof

thefish.Itcanbedoneinabout30minutes.Inthepast,theresearcherswouldhavetowaitweeksor

monthstogettestresults.

Theresearchershavefoundthatthetechnologyisextremelyhelpfulwhenlookingatdifferent

speciesofChinooksalmons,becausetheylooknearlythesame.However,someofthemare

endangered,andthescientistsneedtokeeptrackofthem.

Inthepast,thescientistswouldcatchtheChinooksalmonandmeasurethemtotellthemapart.

“It'snotveryaccurate,saidAndreaSchreier,anassociateprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia

inDavis.Nowsheisworkingonthesalmon.Schreiersaidwhentheycatchthefish,theSherlock

machinecanquicklytellthemiftheyhaveoneofthespecialsalmons.It'simportantbecauseit

allowsthescientiststodothingsthatwillhelptheendangeredsalmonlivelonger.Forexample,they

cancatchtheminlakesfarawayfromthecoastandtakethembytrucktotheSanFranciscoBay.In

thepast,thefishmighthavetriedtomakeittotheBaybyswimminginrivers.However,dueto

climatechange,theriverwaterissometimestoowarmforthefishtomakethetripsafely.

Schreiersaidshefeelsgoodabouttheprojectbecauseshelikesbeingabletoassistwith

conservation.reallywanttoworktomaintainourecosystemsandournativepopulations,given

thepressureshumansplaceonthemthroughourdifferentactivities.^^

8.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthetechnology?

A.Efficient.B.Immature.C.Inaccurate.D.

Economical.

9.Whatdothenewtechnologyandthetraditionalwayhaveincommon?

A.Theytestthefish'smucustotellthemapart.

B.Theyarecarriedoutbyresearchersinthelab.

C.Theyhelpresearcherstelldifferentsalmonsapart.

D.TheyaimatbetterprotectingsalmonsinSanFrancisco.

10.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheChinooksalmons?

A.Theywillsoondieout.B.Theyareofthesamesize.

C.Theyarenowwellprotected.D.Theyareusedtocoolwater.

11.WhatdoweknowaboutAndreaSchreierfromthetext?

A.Shethinkshumansaregreatlypressured.B.Shecannowspendlesstimeonher

work.

C.Sheisratherdevotedtotheconservation.I）.Shethinksherworkisofgreat

importance.

【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.C

【分析】本文是一篇说明文•文章讨论了一种叫做Sherlock的机器以及其所使用的CRISPR

技术。科研人员通过该新技术能够更快速准确地辨别特定种类的濒危Chinooksalmons,以

达到更好的保护目的。

【8题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段"Itcanbedoneinabout30minutes.Inthepast,theresearch-erswould

havetowaitweeksormonthstogettestresults.（大约30分钟就可以完成。在过去，研究人员需

要等待数周或数月才能得到测试结果）”可推知，新技术的使用使得辨别鱼类种群的时间大

为缩短，工作更为高效.故选A。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中wInstead,theoceanresearcherscatchthefish,collectasmallamount

ofmucusandthentestthecellstofindthegeneticmakeupofthefish.（相反，海洋研究人员捕捉

鱼，收集少量粘液，然后测试细胞，以发现鱼的基因组成）”；第三段中“Theresearchershave

foundthatthetechnologyisextremelyhelpfulwhenlookingatdifferentspeciesofChinook

salmons,becausetheylooknearlythesame.（研究人员发现，这项技术在观察不同种类的奇努克

蛙鱼时非常有用，因为它们看起来几乎一样）”以及第四段中aInthepast,thescientistswould

catchtheChinooksalmonandmeasurethemtotellthemapart.（在过去，科学家们会捕捉奇努克

鲤鱼并测量它们来区分它们）”可知，新旧两种方法都是为了帮助研究者来区分不同种类的

蛙鱼。故选C。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“However,duetocli-matechange,theriverwaterissometimes

toowarmforthefishtomakethetripsafely.（然而，由于气候变化，河水有时过于温暖，这种

鱼类无法安全地游过）”可推知，该种鱼类适宜在较凉爽的水域中生存。故选D。

【11题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段中reallywanttoworktomaintainourecosystemsandournative

populations,giventhepressureshumansplaceonthemthroughourdifferentactivities.（我真的很

想努力维护我们的生态系统和我们的本地人口，考虑到人类通过不同的活动对他们施加的压

力）”可知，AndreaSchreier对自然保护工作十分投入。故选C。

D

Youmaynotrealizeit,butwhenyoustareatyourpartner'seyes,there'sagoodchancethat

you'relookingatamodifiedreflectionofyourself.Researchershavefoundthatpeoplechoose

partnerswhotendtobeofsimilarsize,shape,andraceasthemselves...andtheymayevenhave

facialfeaturesincommon.

TakeLotGeelsfromAmsterdamandherAmericanhusband,BrockMosovsky,forexample.

“Wehavesimilarblondehairandblueeyes,“saysLot."'Neitherofusisverytall.We'rebothbuilt

athleticallyandwe'rebothmainlyofEuropeanorigin.

Evenifyoudon'tlooklikeyourpartner,youlikelysharenonphysicalcharacteristics,according

toagrowingfieldofresearch,likeeducationlevel,socioeconomicstatus,religion,personality

features,andevencorevalues.

LotandBrockfallintothistypeaswell."WebothhavePhDsandworkinresearch,shesays.

“Webothliveanactivelifestyle,mainlyrockclimbingandskiing.Ourworldviewsarepretty

simi-lar,andwe'rebothhard-working,socialandfriendlypcople.^^

Researchershavebeenstudyingthephenomenonofpeoplewithsimilaritiespairing

up-knownaspositiveassortativecoupling-fordecades.Ifyou'resurethat"oppositesattract”,

youmaybesuiprisedbyresearchfindings,whichprovethatlikeattractslike.However,ifyou

believethat“likesattracf,youprobablyunderstandwhypeoplesurprisinglyseeklifepartnerswho

remindthem,onsomecomfortinglevel,ofthemselves.

“There'sanelementofpredictabilitywhenyoudatesomebodyofasimilarbackground,says

TyTashiro,theauthorofTheScienceofHappilyEverAfter."They^elessthreatening,lessscary.

They'llbemoreofafamiliarpersonfromthestart.Familiarityissomethingwefindattractive.^^

12.WhatcanweinferaboutLotandBrock?

A.Theyhavethesamehairandeyes.B.Theybothcomefromwealthy

families.

C.Theyareattractedbyeachother,ssimilarities.D.Theybothhavethesamecultural

background.

13.Whichofthefollowingisclosetotheunderlinedexpression"positiveassortative”?

A.Ofthepreferredtype.B.Ofthedifferenttype.

C.Ofthesimilartype.D.Oftheoriginaltype.

14.WhydopeopletrytofindsimilarpeopleaspartnersaccordingtoTyTashiro?

A.Theyarecomfortabletostaywith,B.Theyaremorethreateningand

scarier.

C.Theycandevelopthesamehobbiesandinterests,D.Theyhavethesamestatusandback

ground.

15.Whatmessagedoestheauthortrytoconvey?

A.Loveme,lovemydog.B.Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.

C.Agoodwifemakesagoodhusband.I).Absencemakestheheartgrowfonder.

【答案】12.C13.C14.A15.B

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了人们在选择伴侣时会倾向于寻找与自己有诸多共同

点人这一现象。

【12题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段“Youmaynotrealizeit,butwhenyoustareatyourpartner'seyes,

there'sagoodchancethatyou'relookingatamodifiedreflectionofyourself.Researchershave

foundthatpeoplechoosepartnerswhotendtobeofsimilarsize,shape,andraceasthemselves...

andtheymayevenhavefacialfeaturesincommon.（你可能没有意识到，但当你盯着伴侣的眼睛

时，很有可能你看到的是修改过的自己的倒影。研究人员发现，人们选择的伴侣往往与自己

的尺码、体型和种族相似……他们甚至可能有共同的面部特征）"；第二段"TakeLotGeels

fromAmsterdamandherAmericanhusband,BrockMosovsky,forexample."Wehavesimilar

blondehairandblueeyes,“saysLot."Neitherofusisverytall.We'rebothbuiltathleticallyand

we'rebothmainlyofEuropeanorigin.（以阿姆斯特丹的LotGeels和她的美国丈夫Brock

Mosovsky为例。“我们有相似的金发和蓝眼睛，"Lot说，“我们两个都不是很高。我们

都是运动员，我们都是欧洲血统）”可推知，Lot和Brock这对夫妇是因为彼此的相似之处而

被相互吸引的。故选C。

【13题详解】

词句猜测题。根据画线词上文Researchershavebeenstudyingthephenomenonofpeoplewith

similaritiespairing叩”（几十年来，研究人员一直在研究相似人配对的现象，）即积极选型

配对。故positiveassortativecoupling即是指的similaritiespairingup,画线词意思是“相似类

型的"。故选C。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中"They'relessthreatening,lessscary.They'llbemoreofafamiliar

personfromthestart.Familiarityissomethingwefindattractive.（它们没有那么可怕，那么吓人。

从一开始他们就会更熟悉。熟悉是我们觉得有吸引力的东西）”可知，人们会试图寻找相似

的人作为伴侣是因为和他们在一起很舒服。故选A。

【15题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段"Youmaynotrealizeit,butwhenyoustareatyourpartner'seyes,

there'sagoodchancethatyou'relookingatamodifiedreflectionofyourself.Researchershave

foundthatpeoplechoosepartnerswhotendtobeofsimilarsize,shape,andraceasthemselves...

andtheymayevenhavefacialfeaturesincommon.（你可能没有意识到，但当你盯着伴侣的眼睛

时，很有可能你看到的是修改过的自己的倒影。研究人员发现，人们选择的伴侣往往与自己

的尺码、体型和种族相似……他们甚至可能有共同的面部特征）”结合文章说明了人们在选

择伴侣时会倾向于寻找与自己有诸多共同点的人这一现象。可推知，作者想要传达的信息是

“物以类聚，人以群分”。故选B。

第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项

为多余选项。

Hasthiseverhappenedtoyou?You'reexhaustedafteralongworkingday,andtheonlything

youwanttodoisthrowyourselfonthebedandblackout.16!Instead,you'retossingand

turningwithyourmindoccupiedwithendlessthoughts.Howevertiredyou're,sleepkeepsescaping

fromyou!Thereasonforthatmightbethefollowingseeminglyinnocentbedtimehabits.

Drinkingwater

It'struethatourbodyneedstostayhydratedduringtheday,butstop“watering“itonehour

beforegoingtobed,otherwiseyou'llbecertaintomakeone,orevenacoupleoftripstothe

bath-room,whichwillrudelyinterruptyoursleep.17

Playingwithgadgets

Cutdownonyourscreentimebeforefallingasleep.Notonlydogadgetsover-stimulateyour

brain,makingitrestless,buttheirscreensalsogiveoffthatdisturbingbluelight.Thislightstops

yourbody'ssleephormoneandchangesyourinternalclock.18.Ofcourse,youcanchoosea

specialnightmodeonyourdevicestosolvetheproblem,butthebestsolutionistopowerdownall

hand-heldscreensanhourbeforesleeping.

19

It'sbelievedthateatingalotbeforegoingtobedcancausenightmares.Byeatingheavyfoods

fordinner,yourbrainisencouragedtobemoreactive,whichcanleadtovividnightmares.Besides,

aheartydinnerdisruptsyourdigestivesystemandcausesproblemswithyourstomach.

20.So,trytoavoidthebadbedtimehabits,andyou'llfeelmorerestedandenergeticin

themorningandduringthenextday.

A.Eatinglessatpropertime

B.Eatingheavilybeforesleep

C.Butunfortunately,youcan'tmakeit

D.Consequently,yourbraindoesn'tbelieveit'stimetogotobed

E.Forlackofpropersleep,youcangetphysicallyandmentallyill

F.It'snotonlyaboutthesizeofthemealbutthetimewhenyouhaveit

G.Moreover,mostpeoplehardlyfallbackasleepaftergettingupatmidnight

【答案】16.C17.G18.D19.B20.E

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了影响睡眠的三个睡前不良习惯一一即睡前饮水，睡

前玩电子设备和睡前过量饮食。

【16题详解】

根据上文“Hasthiseverhappenedtoyou?You'reexhaustedafteralongworkingday,andtheonly

thingyouwantlodoisthrowyourselfonthebedandblackout.（你遇到过这种情况吗？在漫长的

一天工作之后，你已经筋疲力尽了，你唯一想做的事情就是躺在床上昏睡过去）”以及后文

uInstead,you'retossingandturningwithyourmindoccupiedwithendlessthoughts.However

tiredyou,re,sleepkeepsescapingfromyou!（fflyS.,你辗转反侧，思绪万千。不管你有多累，

睡眠总是从你身边溜走！）”可知，上文提到想睡觉，后文提到睡不着，可知本句与上文构

成转折关系，故C选项“但不幸的是，你睡不着”符合语境，故选C。

【17题详解】

根据上文"It'struethatourbodyneedstostayhydratedduringtheday,butstop"watering"itone

hourbeforegoingtobed,otherwiseyou'llbecertaintomakeone,orevenacoupleoftripstothe

bath-room,whichwillrudelyinterruptyoursleep.（我们的身体在白天确实需要保持水分，但在

睡觉前一小时不要“喝太多水”，否则你肯定会去一次，甚至上几次厕所，这将粗暴地打断

你的睡眠）”可知，根据上文内容“睡前喝水会导致夜间上厕所从而影响睡眠”可知，此处

为递进关系，即“而且大多数人半夜醒后难以入睡”。故G选项“此外，大多数人在午夜

起床后很难再睡着"符合语境，故选G。

【18题详解】

根据上文“Cutdownonyourscreentimebeforefallingasleep.Notonlydogadgetsover-stimulate

yourbrain,makingitrestless,buttheirscreensalsogiveoffthatdisturbingbluelight.Thislight

stopsyourbody'ssleephonnoneandchangesyourinternalclock.（睡前减少看屏幕的时间。电子

产品不仅会过度刺激你的大脑，让它焦躁不安，它们的屏幕也会发出令人不安的蓝光。这种

光线会阻止你身体的睡眠激素，改变你的生物钟）”以及后文"Ofcourse,youcanchoosea

specialnightmodeonyourdevicestosolvetheproblem,butthebestsolutionistopowerdownall

hand-heldscreensanhourbeforesleeping.（当然，你可以选择一种特殊的夜间模式来解决这个

问题，但最好的解决办法是在睡觉前一小时关闭所有手持屏幕的电源）”根据该空前内容

“睡前使用电子设备会抑制身体的睡眠激素并改变生物钟”，以及后文“解决问题的方法”

可知，该空为使用电子设备的后果，即“大脑认为此时还不是睡眠时间”。故D选项“因

此，你的大脑不认为是时候睡觉了”符合语境，故选D。

【19题详解】

根据本段内容"It'sbelievedthateatingalotbeforegoingtobedcancausenightmares.Byeating

heavyfoodsfordinner,yourbrainisencouragedtobemoreactive,whichcanleadtovivid

nightmares.Besides,aheartydinnerdisruptsyourdigestivesystemandcausesproblemswithyour

stomach.（人们认为睡前吃太多会导致噩梦。晚餐吃油腻的食物会让你的大脑更加活跃，这

可能会导致生动的噩梦。此外，一顿丰盛的晚餐会扰乱你的消化系统，导致你的胃出现问

题）”故根据整段内容可知，该段描述了“睡前不良习惯——过量饮食”。故B选项“睡前

吃太多”符合语境，故选B。

【20题详解】

根据后文“So,trytoavoidthebadbedtimehabits,andyou'llfeelmorerestedandenergeticinthe

morningandduringthenextday.（所以，尽量避免坏的就寝习惯，你会在早上和第二天感到更

有精力和休息）”故从后文内容可知，此处是对整篇文章进行总结，“缺乏足够的睡眠会影

响身心健康，所以应避免这些睡前的不良习惯”。故E选项“由于缺乏适当的睡眠，你的

身体和精神都会生病”符合语境，故选E。

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空

白处的最佳选项。

Athirty-year-oldenvironmentalpuzzlehasfinallybeensolved.Sincethe1990s,piecesof

plastictelephonesthatlooklikeGarfield-thelazycartooncat-havebeen21upon

beachesinFrance.Butforthree22,nooneknewwherethephoneswerecomingfrom.On

March22,agroupofvolunteersfromacoastalclean-uporganization,alongwithtwojournalists

finallyfoundoutthe23totheirpuzzle.Theydiscovereda（n）24shippingcontainer

and25ofseveralGarfieldphonesinsidearockyseacave.Thecaveishardtofind,andcan

onlybe26whenthetide（sea）islow.

Shippingcontainersareusedtomovethingslikefood,clothingandotheritems27the

sea.Cargoships28hundredsofthehugesteelcontainersfromthecountrieswherethegoods

aremadeorgrown,tothecountrieswheretheywillbe29.However,30knowsfor

surehowtheshippingcontainerfullofGarfieldphonesendedupinthe31.

Peoplewholiveintheareasaythatthe32firstshoweduponbeaches33abig

stormintheearly1990s.Thecontainer34felloffashipduringthestorm,butnobodyever

reportedthatitwas35.

TheGarfieldphoneshavebecomeasymboloftheproblemofocean36FabienBoileau

isthedirectorofIroiseMarineNaturalPark,wherethecavewiththephonesis37.Hesaid

theGarfieldphoneshelppeopleto38thatplastictrashdoesn't39intheocean.Some

of