河南省焦作市博爱2024-2025高三英语上学期期中试题

河南省焦作2024—2025高三上学期期中考试英语试题考生留意：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清晰;2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效;3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatdidthespeakersdolastweekend?A．TheywentclimbingB．Theyplayedfootball.C．Theywatchedamatch.2．Whenwasthemeetingscheduled?A．At6:00.B．At6:30.C．At7:00.3．Whatisthemandissatisfiedwithaboutthestore?A．Theclothes.B．Theservice.C．Theprice.4．Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheshow?A．Boring.B．Interesting.C．Educational.5．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Thesea.B．Theweekendplan.C．Theweather.其次节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6．Whatdayisittoday?A．Saturday.B．Friday.C．Monday.7．Whyisthewomanworried?A．Shehasnotimetoprepare.B．Nobodycanleadthedancegroup.C．Therearen’tenoughpeopleinthegroup听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8．Wherearethespeakers?A．Inastore.B．Inastreet.C．Inacafe.9．Whatproblemdoesthemanhave?A．Heforgottosendanemail.B．Hehastomakeaphonecall.C．Helefthiswalletintheoffice.10．Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A．Speakwithhermanager.B．Visitanotherlocation.C．Eatinthecafe.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11．Whatmightthemanbe?A．Acustomerservicerepresentative.B．Atravelagent.C．Arepairman.12．Whatwillthewomandonext?A．Callhisson.B．Givesomedetails.C．Signaform.13．Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A．Hersonlivesabroadnow.B．Shewillgotovisithersonsoon.C．Sheshouldmakepaymentfromthismonth.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14．Whatdidthemandoyesterday?A．Hestartedanewjob.B．Heregisteredforaclass.C．Hedidsomeshoppingonline.15．Whatdoesthemanwanttobuy?A．Posters.B．Paintings.C．Brushes.16．Whatwillthewomandonext?A．Gotoastore.B．Askaboutasale.C．Emailtheman.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17．HowmuchisthetickettotheOceanPark?A．£2.00.B．£6.50.C．£8.50.18．Whatisunavailableduringthetrip?A．Lunch.B．Water.C．Fruit.19．Whatwillthelistenersdoat2:30nextTuesday?A．Listentoatalk.B．Dosomeworksheets.C．Watchthesharksbeingfed.20．WhatisthetopicofthetalkfornextTuesday?A．Theocean.B．Sharks.C．Penguins.其次部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWorld’sIncredibleRailwaysWestHighlandRailway,ScotlandRunningforabout193kilometers.WestHighlandRailwayLineisoneofthe“greatesthits”ofthelandscapesScotlandoffers.ThelinecanbeenjoyedthroughthecomfortableCaledonianSleepermighttrainfromLondontoFortWilliamwiththelaststretchofthejourneyaccompaniedbybreakfast.Remembertokeepaneyeoutforstags(雄鹿)astheysurveytheirkingdom.TheGhan,AustraliaWidelyregardedasoneoftheworld’sgreatestrailjourneys,itrunsweeklyovera2,979-kilometerroutecrossingthelengthofAustraliafromAdelaideinthesouthtoDarwinintheNorthernTerritory.Eachtriptakesmorethan53hours,includingextendedstopsinremotetownssuchasCooberPedyforpassengerstoexperiencetheOutbackduringoff-traintours.Qinghai-TibetRailway,ChinaForcenturies,knownas“TheRoofoftheWorld”,Tibetwasvisitedonlybythehardiesttravelersandexplorers,buttheopeningoftheremarkableQinghai-TibetRailwayin2006createdapermanentconnectionwiththeChineserailnetwork.The1,956kilometerroutefromXiningtoLhasatopsoutattheTanggulaPass,5,068metersabovesealevel.Withitsopening,directtrainsruntoLhasafromBeijingin40hoursandShanghai47hours.TheTranzAlpine,NewZealandTheTranzAlpinetakesfourandahalfhourstocoverjust224kilometers.Itsfamous“open-aircarriage(客车厢)”istherealhighlight.Thisopen-sidedcarallowspassengerstoexperiencethefreshmountainairfirst-handandtakeamazinglandscapephotos.PassengerscanalsonowlistentoaGPS-basedaudiocommentaryinEnglish,enjoyingstoriesaboutplacesalongtheroute,thecountryanditsculture.1.Whichofthefollowingrailwaysisthelongest?A.WestHighlandRailway. B.TheGhan.C.Qinghai-TibetRailway. D.TheTranzAlpine.2.HowmanyhoursdoesadirecttraintakefromShanghaitoLhasa?A.4.5. B.40. C.47. D.53.3.WhatcanyoudoonaTranzAlpinetrain?A.Enjoyacomfortablenight’ssleep. B.Readbooksaboutlocalculture.C.WatchTVprogramsinEnglish. D.Experiencetheopen-sidedcar.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界上四条极棒的铁路。【1题详解】微小环节理解题。由WestHighlandRailway,Scotland部分中的“Runningforabout193kilometers(长达193千米)”，TheGhan,Australia部分中的“itrunsweeklyovera2,979-kilometerroute(它每周运行2979公里的路途)”，Qinghai-TibetRailway,China部分中的“The1,956kilometerroutefromXiningtoLhasatopsoutattheTanggulaPass(从西宁到拉萨的1956公里的路途最远在TanggulaPass)”和TheTranzAlpine,NewZealand部分中的“TheTranzAlpinetakesfourandahalfhourstocoverjust224kilometers.(仅仅走完224公里就须要四个半小时)”可知，WestHighlandRailway长193千米；TheGhan长2979千米；Qinghai-TibetRailway长1956千米；TheTranzAlpine长224千米，所以TheGhan是这四个中最长的。故选B项。【2题详解】微小环节理解题。依据文章Qinghai-TibetRailway,China中“Withitsopening.directtrainsruntoLhasafromBeijingin40hoursandShanghai47hours.(随着它的开放。从北京到拉萨的直达列车须要40小时，从上海到拉萨须要47小时。)”可知，上海到拉萨须要47小时。故选C项。【3题详解】微小环节理解题。依据文章TheTranzAlpine,NewZealand中“Thisopen-sidedcarallowspassengerstoexperiencethefreshmountainairfirst-handandtakeamazinglandscapephotos.(敞篷车可以让乘客亲身体验簇新的山间空气，并拍摄令人惊羡的风景照片。)”可知，游客可以体验敞篷车。故选D项。BIn1879,an8-year-oldgirlmadeadiscoverythatwouldrockourunderstandingofhumanhistory.OnthewallsofAltamiracaveinnorthernSpain,shespottedamazingdrawingsofwildcows,paintedinvividredandblack.Morestrikingeventhantheimageswastheirage:theyweremadethousandsofyearsagobymodernhumans’supposedlyprimitiveancestors.Today,nearly400cavesacrossEuropehavebeenfounddecoratedwithhandstencils(模板),strangesymbolsandbeautifulimagesofanimalscreatedbytheseskillfulartists.Thediscoveriesledtotheviewthatartistictalentaroseaftermodernhumansarrivedintheregionsome40,000yearsago,aspartofa“culturalexplosion”reflectingafloweringofthehumanmind.Butmorerecentevidencehasblownthisideaoutofthewater.Forastart,modernhumansmightnothavebeenthefirstartistsinEurope.What’smore,acollectionofcavepaintingsemerginginIndonesiahasdismissedtheideathatEuropewasthecentreofcreativity.LocalpeoplehavelongknownthatthecavesoftheislandofSulawesi,Indonesia,containmanypaintedimages.Modernhumansarethoughttohavereachedtheregionsome65,000yearsago,butnobodyimaginedtheartcouldbeveryoldbecauseancientpaintingsseemunlikelytosurviveintheenvironmentofhightemperatures.AteamofresearchersledbyMaximeAubert,nowatGriffithUniversityinAustralia,upendedthisideausingatechniquethatisshiftingourunderstandingofcaveart.Usingthistechniqueinsevencaves,theyfoundahandstencilwasatleast39,900yearsold,makingittheoldestknownhandstencilatthattime.ThisopenedafloodgatetonewdiscoveriesinIndonesia.Theseincludedahuntingscenecreatedatleast43,900yearsago,andbyfartheoldestdescriptiveartwork.“Whenwefoundthatimage,wewereabsolutelydelighted,butwhenitturnedouttobethatold,wewerealmostjumpingwithjoy,”saysAdamBrumm,alsoatGriffithUniversity.4.Whatdidthegirlfindinthecave?A.Wildanimals. B.Ancientimages.C.Paintingtechniques. D.Recordingartists.5.Whatwasamisunderstandingremovedbyrecentevidenceaboutthecaveart?A.ItcanbetracedbacktoEurope.B.Itreflectedthefloweringofhumanminds.C.ModernhumansledtoitsriseinIndonesia.D.Modernhumansmightnothavebeenrealartists.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“upended”meaninparagraph3?A.Proved. B.Strengthened. C.Overturned. D.Overemphasized.7.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Theamazingdiscoveries. B.Theresearchers’expectations.C.Thebenefitsofthetechnique. D.Thedescriptionofthecaveart.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.A【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要是通过人们的发觉和专家们的探讨，探究古老的洞窟壁画艺术的悠久的历史。【4题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第一段“OnthewallsofAltamiracaveinnorthernSpain,shespottedamazingdrawingsofwildcows,paintedinvividredandblack.Morestrikingeventhantheimageswastheirage:theyweremadethousandsofyearsagobymodernhumans’supposedlyprimitiveancestors.”（在西班牙北部Altamira洞窟的墙壁上，她发觉了用明丽的红色和黑色绘制的野生奶牛的惊人画作，比这些图像更引人注目的是它们的年头：它们是由现代人的原始祖先在几千年前制作的。）可知，这个女孩在洞窟发觉了古老的图像。故选B。【5题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段“Forastart,modernhumansmightnothavebeenthefirstartistsinEurope.What’smore,acollectionofcavepaintingsemerginginIndonesiahasdismissedtheideathatEuropewasthecentreofcreativity.”（首先，现代人可能不是欧洲最早的艺术家，更重要的是，在印度尼西亚发觉的一组洞窟壁画驳斥了欧洲是创建力中心的观点。）可知，欧洲不是洞窟艺术的发源地，“洞窟艺术可以追溯到欧洲”这一想法是一种误会。故选A。【6题详解】词义揣测题。依据第三段“Modernhumansarethoughttohavereachedtheregionsome65,000yearsago,butnobodyimaginedtheartcouldbeveryoldbecauseancientpaintingsseemunlikelytosurviveintheenvironmentofhightemperatures.”（现代人被认为在大约6.5万年前到达了这个地区，但没有人想到这些艺术品可能特别古老，因为古代绘画好像不太可能在高温环境中存活下来。）和“Usingthistechniqueinsevencaves,theyfoundahandstencilwasatleast39,900yearsold,makingittheoldestknownhandstencilatthattime.”（在七个洞窟中运用这种技术，他们发觉了一个至少有39900年历史的手模板，使其成为当时已知最古老的手模板。）可知，通过运用这种技术，人们发觉了存活下来的古老的艺术平，变更了最初的想法；结合划线词所在句“AteamofresearchersledbyMaximeAubert,nowatGriffithUniversityinAustralia,upendedthisideausingatechniquethatisshiftingourunderstandingofcaveart.”中的“usingatechniquethatisshiftingourunderstandingofcaveart”（运用这种正在变更我们对洞窟艺术的理解的技术）可知，运用这项技术变更、颠覆了之前的想法，故“upended”意为“颠覆”。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。依据最终一段“ThisopenedafloodgatetonewdiscoveriesinIndonesia.”（这为印尼的新发觉打开了闸门。）及“Theseincludedahuntingscenecreatedatleast43,900yearsago,andbyfartheoldestdescriptiveartwork.”（其中包括至少43,900年前创作的狩猎场景，这是迄今为止最古老的描述性艺术品。）可知，最终一段主要在谈论在印尼发觉的这些令人惊羡的艺术品。故选A。CSomeyearsago,aMiamiwomanwalkingthroughanofficebuildingnoticedtwomenstandingtogether.Severalminutesafterherleaving,themenmurderedapersonworkinginthebuilding.Thepolicedeterminedthatthewomanwastheonlywitnessandcouldpossiblydescribethem.However,hermemoryofthemenproveddisappointinglyunclear.Severaldayslater,psychologistRonaldFisherwasbroughtintoobtainamorecompleteaccountfromthewoman.Hisinterviewproducedabreakthrough—thewomanreportedaclearpictureofoneofthesuspects.Theimportantinformationenabledthepolicetoarrestthesuspectandclosethecase.ThepoliceaskedFisherforhelpbecauseofhisrichknowledgeincognitive(认知)interview,akindofmemory-rebuildingprocess.Memoryresearchershavefoundthatpeopletryingtorememberapasteventoftenonlyrecallpartoftherelevantinformation.Humanmemoryisselectiveanditisoftendistortedbystress.Butaperson’saccuraterecallofaneventorunderstandingofaquestioncanbeimprovedusingspecificinterviewingtechniques.The“cognitiveinterview”wasdevelopedinthelate1990s.Itencouragesthewitnesstotakeanactiveroleinrecallinginformationratherthangivinganswersonlytosomeoneelse’squestions.Thewitnessfirstdescribeswhathappenedinhisorherownwords,withnointerviewerinterruptions.Theinterviewerthengoesfurtherwithspecifictechniques,suchashavingthewitnesstellthedetailsofwhathappenedfromdifferentperspectives(角度).Thecognitiveinterviewfocusesonguidingwitnessesthroughfourgeneralrecallingtechniques:thinkingaboutphysicalsurroundingsandpersonalfeelingsthatexistedatthetimeofpastevents;reportingeverythingthatcomestomindaboutthoseevents,nomatterhowbrokenitisretellingeventsinavarietyoftimeorders,suchasfrombeginningtoend,endtobeginning,forwardorbackward;andadoptingdifferentperspectiveswhilerecallingevents.Experimentswithpolicedetectivestrainedinthisdemandinginterviewmethodfindthattheyobtainnearly50%moreinformationfromwitnessesthanbeforetraining,whileerrorratesremainaboutthesame.Itisprovedthatcognitiveinterviewsarequiteimportanttoolsinimprovingtheaccuracyandcompletenessofwitnesstestimony(证词).8.Thepurposeofthepassageisto_____.A.giveanaccountofamurdercaseB.introduceanideaofcognitiveinterviewC.proveFisherwasanexpertincognitiveinterviewD.helpawitnesstorecallinformationinacognitiveinterview9.Whatisrequiredtorecallinacognitiveinterviewforawitness?A.Theexacttimeatwhichamurdertookplace．B.Theinformationabouttheeventinthetimeorder．C.Theimportantthingsthatcometohisorhermind．D.Thesurroundingsandfeelingsatthetimeoftheevent．10.ThekeypointinacognitiveinterviewisthatA.thewitnessisencouragedtotakepartinrecallinginformationB.theinterviewershouldinterruptthewitnessfromtimetotimeC.theinterviewshouldtakeplaceoutsidethepolicestationD.thewitnessshouldrecalldetailsatthesceneoftheevent11.Theunderlinedword"distorted"inthepassageprobablymeans"____A.arranged B.balanced C.changed D.examined【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章通过一起刑事案件，介绍了认知访谈的好用性、科学性以及重要性。【8题详解】推理推断题。通读全文尤其是其次段“The“cognitiveinterview”wasdevelopedinthelate1990s.Itencouragesthewitnesstotakeanactiveroleinrecallinginformationratherthangivinganswersonlytosomeoneelse’squestions.Thewitnessfirstdescribeswhathappenedinhisorherownwords,withnointerviewerinterruptions.Theinterviewerthengoesfurtherwithspecifictechniques,suchashavingthewitnesstellthedetailsofwhathappenedfromdifferentperspectives(角度).(“认知访谈”是在20世纪90年头末发展起来的。它激励证人在回忆信息时发挥主动作用，而不是只回答别人的问题。证人首先用他或她自己的话描述所发生的事情，没有采访者打断。接着，采访者会进一步运用具体的技巧，比如让目击者从不同的角度讲解并描述所发生的事情的微小环节。)”可知文章通过一起刑事案件，介绍了认知访谈的好用性、科学性以及重要性。因此可知本文的目的就是介绍认知访谈，故选B。【9题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第三段“Thecognitiveinterviewfocusesonguidingwitnessesthroughfourgeneralrecallingtechniques:thinkingaboutphysicalsurroundingsandpersonalfeelingsthatexistedatthetimeofpastevents;reportingeverythingthatcomestomindaboutthoseevents,nomatterhowbrokenitisretellingeventsinavarietyoftimeorders,suchasfrombeginningtoend,endtobeginning,forwardorbackward;andadoptingdifferentperspectiveswhilerecallingevents.(认知访谈的重点是引导目击者通过四种一般的回忆技巧：思索过去事务发生时存在的物理环境和个人感受；报道与这些事务有关的全部事情，不管它是多么裂开，依据不同的时间依次复述事务，如从起先到结束，从结束到起先，向前或向后；在回忆事务时接受不同的视角。)”可知证人在认知访谈中会回忆事务发生时的环境和感受。故选D。【10题详解】微小环节理解题。依据其次段“The“cognitiveinterview”wasdevelopedinthelate1990s.Itencouragesthewitnesstotakeanactiveroleinrecallinginformationratherthangivinganswersonlytosomeoneelse’squestions.(“认知访谈”是在20世纪90年头末发展起来的。它激励证人在回忆信息时发挥主动作用，而不是只回答别人的问题。)”可知认知访谈的关键在于激励证人参加回忆信息，故选A。【11题详解】词义揣测题。依据划线处的下句“Butaperson’saccuraterecallofaneventorunderstandingofaquestioncanbeimprovedusingspecificinterviewingtechniques.(但是，一个人对事务的精确回忆或对问题的理解可以通过特定的访谈技巧来提高。)”可知上一句意思人类的记忆是有选择性的，经常会因压力而变更。故可猜出“distorted”的意思是被变更，扭曲的，故选C。DWe’veheardpeoplesaythatweshouldn’tworrytoomuchaboutthefuture.Butthissayingdoesn’tholdtrueinthetechnologicalworld.Here,youalwaysneedtothinkaboutthefuture,orelseyouwon’thavethechancetobeinthedigitalage.Therearesomanynewinventionsthatcomeupdaily,whichhelpinmakingourlivesbetterandeasier.TheiPodweusedailywasonceafar-fetchedthoughtofMr.Jobs,whichhasbecomearealitytoday.Similarly,whentelevisionwaslaunched,wethoughtnothingcouldbeatthisinvention.Thencamecabletelevision,andnowit’stheageofdigitaltelevision.Similarly,untilafewyearsago,3Dwaslimitedtomovies,buttoday,wehave3Dblueprints,3Dgraphics,and3Dtelevisionsetsaswell.Alltheseinventionswerejustapredictionbytheirinventors,buttheylater,wentontobecomeapartofourlives.Similarpredictionscanbemadeforthefuture.Forexample,howabouthavinghuman-likerobotsthatunderstandourinstructionsbysimplyspeakingtothem?Wecantalkwiththeserobotsregularlyandsimplyinstructthemtoperformaparticulartask.Ifyouwanttea,youcansimplyrequireyourrobottomakeitforyou.Theserobotscanbeusefulinindustrialfieldsaswell.Forexample,youcansimplyasktherobottoswitchonthemanufacturingline.Ifwastekeepsincreasingthefuturewillseemanyproblemsrelatedtopollution.Sowhatabouthavingawasterecyclingmachinethatproducesnotebooks?Yes,I’mnottalkingabouttheregularrecyclingmachinesthatgiveusrawmaterialsweneedtoputtoeffectiveuse.Ifwebuildrecyclingmachinesthatproduceaparticularproductoutofthewaste,it’lldomuchhelptotheenvironmentaswell.Thislistcangoonandon.Ourimaginationhasnolimitsandsodoestechnology.Whoknows?Maybeoneoftheseideasmaybecomearealityinthenearfuture!12.Whatshouldwedoaccordingtotheauthor?A.Takethefuturelessseriously. B.Use3Dtechnologymorewidely.C.Basenewinventionsonexperience. D.Keepmakingpredictionsforthefuture.13.Whatcansocalledhuman-likerobotsdoaccordingtothetext?A.Theycantalktothemselves. B.Theycanunderstandhumanwords.C.Theycanoffertheusersinstructions. D.Theycaninventsomethingforhumans.14.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthewasterecyclingmachine?A.Itisachievable. B.Itisprofitable. C.Itisaffordable. D.Itisimpractical.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thefarfutureoftechnology. B.Waysofmakingpredictions.C.Effectsofpredictionsoninventions. D.Thesignificanceofhumanimagination.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。科技的发展离不开语言！正是预言促使一个又一个新的独创诞生，从而变更了人类生活。【12题详解】推理推断题。依据第一自然段“Here,youalwaysneedtothinkaboutthefuture,orelseyouwon’thavethechancetobeinthedigitalage.(在这里，你总是须要考虑将来，否则你就没有机会进入数字时代)”和其次自然段最终一句“Alltheseinventionswerejustapredictionbytheirinventors,buttheylater,wentontobecomeapartofourlives.Similarpredictionscanbemadeforthefuture.(全部这些独创都只是独创者的预料，但后来它们成为了我们生活的一部分。对将来也可以做出类似的预料)”可知，作者认为我们应接着预料将来。故选D。【13题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第三自然段“Forexample,howabouthavinghuman-likerobotsthatunderstandourinstructionsbysimplyspeakingtothem?Wecantalkwiththeserobotsregularlyandsimplyinstructthemtoperformaparticulartask.(例如，让类似人类的机器人通过简洁地与他们交谈来理解我们的指令，怎么样？我们可以定期与这些机器人交谈，并简洁地指导它们执行特定的任务)”可知，所谓的类人机器人能理解人类的语言。故选B。【14题详解】推理推断题。依据第四自然段“Sowhatabouthavingawasterecyclingmachinethatproducesnotebooks?Yes,I’mnottalkingabouttheregularrecyclingmachinesthatgiveusrawmaterialsweneedtoputtoeffectiveuse.Ifwebuildrecyclingmachinesthatproduceaparticularproductoutofthewaste,it’lldomuchhelptotheenvironmentaswell.(那么，拥有一台可以生产笔记本电脑的废物回收机呢？是的，我不是在说那些为我们供应有效利用所需原材料的常规回收机。假如我们建立回收机器，用废物生产特定的产品，这对环境也有很大帮助)”可知，作者认为垃圾回收机是可以实现的。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。依据第一自然段“Here,youalwaysneedtothinkaboutthefuture,orelseyouwon’thavethechancetobeinthedigitalage.(在这里，你总是须要考虑将来，否则你就没有机会进入数字时代)”和最终一段“Thislistcangoonandon.Ourimaginationhasnolimitsandsodoestechnology.Whoknows?Maybeoneoftheseideasmaybecomearealityinthenearfuture!(这个清单可以始终列下去。我们的想象力是无限的，技术也是无限的。谁知道呢？或许这些想法中的一个可能在不久的将来成为现实！)”可知，可知，作者认为预言可以促进独创，并且信任预言有一天能被实现。由此可推断全文旨在说明预言对独创的影响。故选C。其次节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Shynessissomethingthatmanypeoplebattlewitheveryday.Theyareafraidtolookpeopleintheeyesandhaveahardtimespeakingtonewpeople.Thismakesitveryhardtogetaheadatworkandinmakingnewfriendsandbusinessconnections.___16___Therearewaystogetaroundthisfearandgetoutthereandstarttalkingtopeople.●Rememberthatmostpeoplearenotlookingatyou.Whenyouareshyyoumaybelievethatpeopleareconstantlywatchingandjudgingyou.___17___Mostpeoplearealwaysbusylookingatthemselvesandworryingaboutwhatpeoplethinkofthem.Whenyouaretalkingtosomeonenewtheyarenotpickingapartyoureveryword;theyareworriedaboutwhatyouthinkofthem.●___18___Insteadofalwayscomplainingyourselfaboutthingsyouthinkyouarenotdoingbetter,turnyourfocustothethingsthatyoudowell.Yourself-talkisveryimportanttohowyoufeel.Stopnegativeself-talk.Insteadremindyourselfeverymorningofallthegreatthingsyouhavetooffer.Wheneveryoustartfeelingshyagainrunoveryourlistofthingsthatmakesyouhappy.●Ifyoudonothaveanexerciseroutine,youshouldstartonenow.___19___Youdonotspendhoursadayinthegym.Youshouldspendabout30minutesadaywalkingordoingsomethingphysicalyouenjoy.Ifyouarephysicallycapableyoucouldalsoadd20minutesoflightweighttrainingtwoorthreedaysaweek.___20___Beingabletostandwithyourbackstraightandyourheadheldhighwilldefinitelyhelpovercomeshyfeelings.A.Focusonyourstrengths.B.Thisjustisnotthecaseatall.C.Stopcomplainingaboutothers.D.Theyarebravetofaceanychallengeinlife.E.Manypeopleareshybecausetheyfearrejection.F.Thiswillhelpyoufeelstrongerandwillimproveyourposture.G.Checkwithyourdoctorifyouhavenotworkedoutforawhileandthengettoit.【答案】16.E17.B18.A19.G20.F【导语】本文是一篇说明文。羞怯是很多人每天都要面对的问题。他们不敢直视别人的眼睛，很难与新人交谈，这使得你很难在工作中取得胜利，也很难结交新挚友和建立商业关系。本文供应了几点克服羞怯的建议。【16题详解】依据下文“Therearewaystogetaroundthisfearandgetoutthereandstarttalkingtopeople.(有一些方法可以绕过这种恐惊，走出去，起先与人们交谈。)”可推理出上文提到了因某种恐惊导致的羞怯，与E项“Manypeopleareshybecausetheyfearrejection.(很多人因为胆怯 被拒绝而羞怯。)”表达的含义一样，故选E项。【17题详解】依据上文“Rememberthatmostpeoplearenotlookingatyou.Whenyouareshyyoumaybelievethatpeopleareconstantlywatchingandjudgingyou.(记住，大多数人都不会看着你。当你羞怯的时候，你可能会认为人们始终在监视和评判你。)”可知上文提出了一种不行能的状况，下文对这种状况的可能性进行评价，与B项“Thisjustisnotthecaseatall.(事实并非如此。)”表达的含义一样，故选B项。【18题详解】依据下文“Insteadofalwayscomplainingyourselfaboutthingsyouthinkyouarenotdoingbetter,turnyourfocustothethingsthatyoudowell.(不要总是埋怨那些你认为可以做得更好的事情，把留意力转向那些你做得好的事情。)”可知，下文说的是不要埋怨，而是要专注于你做得好的地方，与A项“Focusonyourstrengths.(专注于你的优势)”表达的含义一样，故选A项。【19题详解】依据上文“Ifyoudonothaveanexerciseroutine,youshouldstartonenow.(假如你没有熬炼习惯，你现在就应当起先熬炼。)”可知此处上下文说的是与熬炼有关的话题，分析待选项，G项“Checkwithyourdoctorifyouhavenotworkedoutforawhileandthengettoit.(假如你有一段时间没有熬炼，请询问你的医生，然后去做。)”表达的含义符合语境，故选G项。【20题详解】依据上文“Ifyouarephysicallycapableyoucouldalsoadd20minutesoflightweighttrainingtwoorthreedaysaweek.(假如你身体许可，你也可以每周两到三天增加20分钟的轻量级训练。)”可推理出下文讲的是这种熬炼的好处，与F项“Thiswillhelpyoufeelstrongerandwillimproveyourposture.(这将帮助你感觉更强壮，并改善你的姿态。)”表达的含义一样，故选F项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Girlsarebetteratreadingandwritingthanboysasearlyasfourthgrade,accordingtoastudy,andthegapcontinuestowidenuntilsenioryear.Scientistsgenerallyagreethatboysandgirlsarepsychologicallymorealikethantheyaredifferent.Butreadingseemstobea(n)____21____,withgrowingevidencesuggestingasimilar____22____inwriting.Thestudy,publishedinthejournalAmericanPsychologist,providedfurther____23____tosupportthisview.DavidReilly,leadauthorofthestudy,saidthestudy____24____thecommonlyheldviewthatboysandgirlsstartgradeschoolwiththesamecognitiveabilities.“Itappearsthatthegendergapforwritingtaskshasbeengreatly____25____,anddespiteourbesteffortswithchangesinteachingmethods,thatdoesnotappeartobe____26____overtime,”hesaid.Factorsexplainingtheresultscouldincludelearning____27____beingmoreprevalentamongboys;thepressuretoconformtomasculine(男子汉的)idealsandtheideaofreadingandlanguagebeingfeminine(女性的);andslight____28____inhowboysandgirlsusetheirbrainhemispheres(半球),theauthorsbelieve.Toinvestigatehow____29____levelsdifferedbetweenboysandgirlsintheU.S.,theteamstudieddatacollectedoverthreedecadesintheNationalAssessmentofEducationalProgress.Thisdatabaseoftestscoresonover3millionstudentsinthefourth,eighth,andtwelfthgrades____30____nationalandstateperformancesinarangeofsubjects,andconsideredsuchvariablessuchasdisabilitiesorwhetherchildrenwereEnglishlearners.Readingandwritingwas____31____accordingtochildren’sunderstandingofarangeofdifferentpassagesandgenres.____32____,girlswerefoundtoperformsignificantlybetterinreadingandwritingtestsbyfourthgradewhencomparedwithboysofthesameage.Aschildrenprogressedtoeighthandtwelfthgrades,girlscontinuedto____33____boys,butthedifferencewasmorenoticeableinwritingthanreading.Butwhatcausedthisdifferenceinabilities?Evidencesuggests____34____problems,suchasbeingdisruptive（扰乱性的）inclassorbeingaggressivecouldbelinkedtoneurologicalconditions.Whatisknownaslateralization(偏侧化)couldalsoplayarole.Boysarebelievedtouseonehemispherewhenreadingorwriting,whilegirlsappeartouseboth.Thedatadidnot,however,provideevidencetoargue____35____thetwogendershavingdifferentlearningstyles.21.A.distinction B.exception C.objection D.limitation22.A.pattern B.standard C.circumstance D.feature23.A.strategy B.signal C.sign D.evidence24.A.confirmed B.represented C.questioned D.introduced25.A.underestimated B.overemphasized C.underrepresented D.justified26.A.increasing B.promoting C.accepting D.reducing27.A.objectives B.drills C.difficulties D.advantages28.A.contributions B.differences C.communications D.similarities29.A.literacy B.literary C.academic D.cognitive30.A.pulleddown B.settleddown C.turneddown D.brokedown31.A.granted B.measured C.designed D.engineered32.A.Likewise B.Overall C.However D.Besides33.A.overtake B.discourage C.parallel D.distinguish34.A.psychological B.emotional C.behavioral D.mental35.A.inlinewith B.atthemercyof C.onaccountof D.infavorof【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.A26.D27.C28.B29.A30.D31.B32.B33.A34.C35.D【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要通过探讨表明相比男孩，女孩的阅读和写作实力更佳，并分析了产生这种现象可能的缘由。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但阅读好像是个例外，越来越多的证据表明，写作也有类似的模式。A.distinction差别；区分；B.exception例外；C.objection发对；D.limitation限制。上文“Scientistsgenerallyagreethatboysandgirlsarepsychologicallymoreal