2022年广东省广州市荔湾区广雅中学本部高一下学期期中考试英语试题

2021学年高一下期中考试试卷英语本试卷共11页，满分150分，考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号等信息填写在答题卡上并用2B铅笔填涂相应位置。2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的平整，请勿折叠。一、听力理解（共两节，15小题，满分15分）略二、语法单选（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）1.Theyusuallyhavethemedicine_______beforeputtingintothemarketalloverthecountry.A.testingout B.tobetestedout C.beingtestedout D.testedout【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查过去分词。句意：这种药在全国上市之前通常都要经过检验。have在这个搭配里是使役动词，意为“使……、让…….”，havesth.done就是“请/派别人完成某事”。themedicine和testout是动宾关系，用过去分词表被动，做宾补。故选D项。2.Theairport________nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.A.beingcompleted B.tobecompletedC.completed D.havingbeencompleted【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：将于明年建成的机场会有助于促进这个地区的旅游业。根据nextyear可知，用动词不定式作后置定语，theairport与complete在逻辑上是被动关系。故此处tobecompleted表将来、被动。故选B项。3.(2013·高考陕西卷)Thewitnesses________bythepolicejustnowgaveverydifferentdescriptionsofthefight.A.questioned B.beingquestionedC.tobequestioned D.havingquestioned【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：刚才被警察询问的目击者对那次打斗的描述截然不同。Thewitnesses和question是被动关系，所以用过去分词做定语。B项表示正在被询问；C项表示将被询问。故选A。4.LionelMessi,______therecordforthemostgoalsinacalendaryear,isconsideredthemosttalentedfootballplayerinEurope.A.set B.setting C.toset D.havingset【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查现在分词的完成式。句意：LionelMessi在一年里创了几个记录，被认为是欧洲最具潜力的足球运动员。本句已有谓语isconsidered且无连词，set用非谓语形式，逻辑主语LionelMessi与动词set是主谓关系，用现在分词（doing）表主动作后置定语，“创纪录（settherecord）”已经是过去发生的动作，且动作发生在谓语动词之前，所以用现在分词的完成式（havingdone）。故选D项。5.(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)Thedriverwantedtoparkhiscarneartheroadsidebutwasaskedbythepolice________．A.nottodo B.nottoC.notdo D.donot【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查省略句。句意：司机想把车停靠在路边，但是被警察制止了。asksbnottodosth“告诉某人不要做某事”，在这种结构中可以省略不定式中的动词，而保留不定式符合to，故选B。6.—Whynotgoandhavedinnerinarestaurant?—_________.It’stooexpensive.A.Whynot B.Iagree C.I’mafraidnot D.I’msure【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——为什么不在饭店吃饭？——恐怕不能。太贵了。A.Whynot为什么不，好啊，B.Iagree同意，C.I’mafraidnot恐怕不能，D.I’msure我确定。根据空后“It’stooexpensive.”可知，后者不同意去饭店吃饭的提议。故选C。7.Somepeopleareagainsttheplanbut________supportit.A.anymore B.manymore C.muchmore D.nomore【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查形容词和副词短语辨析。句意：有些人反对这个计划，但也有更多的人支持它。A.anymore再，又；B.manymore更多的；C.muchmore更加；D.nomore不再。根据上文的“Somepeopleareagainsttheplan(有些人反对这个计划)”可知，下文中省略了可数名词people，应该是“butmanymorepeoplesupportit.(但也有更多的人支持它)”。此处可用B项形容词短语manymore(更多的)修饰可数名词people，在句中作主语；根据句子结构和句意排除A项，C项和D项，它们都是副词短语，修饰动词。故选B项。8.Anewsurveyshowsthat54percentofAmericansdonottakeprescription(处方)medications________thoughtheyareimportanttotheirhealth.A.astheyinstruct B.aswereinstructedC.astobeinstructed D.asinstructed【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查状从的省略。句意：一项新的调查显示，54%的美国人没有按照指示服用处方药物，尽管这些药物对他们的健康很重要。根据句子结构分析可知，此处为as引导状从的省略，因主语Americans与instruct是被动关系，因此需使用过去分词形式。故选D。9.—Doyouthinkyouwillgetapayrisenextyear?—________.A.Ihopeso B.I’mafraidso C.Ibelievenotso D.Whosaysit?【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——你认为你明年会加薪吗？——我希望如此。A.Ihopeso我希望如此；B.I’mafraidso恐怕是这样的；D.Whosaysit?谁说的？C项说法不存在。根据上文“getapayrisenextyear”可知，这肯定是大家都希望的事情。故选A项。10.Isthisthereason________atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?A.heexplained B.whatheexplained C.howheexplained D.whyheexplained.【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是他在会上解释他工作粗心的原因吗？分析句子可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为thereason，关系词在从句中作宾语，指物，可以用which和that引导该从句，关系词也可以省略。故选A项。11.—What’sitthatcosthimthejob?—________experience.Hewasalwaysverynervous.A.Lacked B.Beinglacked C.Lacking D.Lackingof【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意：——究竟是什么让他失去了这份工作？——缺乏经验。他总是很紧张。此处是一个省略句，完整句子应该是Lackingexperiencecosthimthejob.(缺乏经验让他失去了这份工作。)，用来回答问句中的“what”，再根据句意可知要用动名词短语的主动形式Lackingexperience(缺乏经验)在句中作主语；A项和B项都表被动，不符合句意；动词lack是及物动词，可直接接宾语，不需要用介词of，排除D项。故选C项。12.Ifpeoplekeeppollutingtheocean,nocreaturetherewillsurvive______.A.atallcost B.foralongwhileCinthelongrun D.bynomeans【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查副词短语。句意：如果人们一直污染海洋的话，从长远来看，没有生物能够幸存。A.atallcost不惜以任何代价；B.foralongwhile很长时间；C.inthelongrun从长远来看；D.bynomeans决不。根据句意可知，海洋污染对生物的影响，故选C。13.________whatmanypeoplethink,HIVcannotbespreadthroughmosquitoes,acoughorsneeze,orbymerelytouchingsomeonewithAids.A.Basedon B.ContrarytoC.Apartfrom D.Regardlessof【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：与许多人所想象的不同，艾滋病不会通过蚊子叮咬、咳嗽、打喷嚏或是只是触碰艾滋病人而传播。A.Basedon以……为依据；B.Contraryto与……相反；C.Apartfrom除了；D.Regardlessof不管。根据后文HIVcannotbespreadthroughmosquitoes,acoughorsneeze,orbymerelytouchingsomeonewithAids.可推知，是与众人想象的不同，故选B。14.Thegreatpolicyhas________amazingchaineffectsindevelopingagricultureinmyhometown.A.comeacross B.turnedaround C.broughtabout D.gotthrough【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：伟大的政策给我家乡的农业发展带来了惊人的连锁反应。A.comeacross偶然遇见;B.turnedaround转过身来;C.broughtabout带来了,导致；D.gotthrough完成了。由此空后文“amazingchaineffects”可知，应是政策“带来了”惊人的连锁反应。故选C项。15.I’vebeentryingtoreadthisbookallday,butsomehowIcannot________toitproperly.A.givein B.settledown C.lookforward D.liveup【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我一整天一直都在尽力读这本书，但不知怎么的，我不能完全专心致志于它。A.givein迁就；B.settledown专心致志于；C.lookforward盼望；D.liveup不辜负。以上四个动词短语都与句中介词to构成固定短语，根据句意可知，要用动词短语settledownto(专心致志于)在句中作谓语，符合句意。故选B项。三、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASubscription:HowItWorksMagazineHowItWorksisascienceandtechnologymagazineburstingwithexcitinginformationaboutouruniverseandeverythinginit.Coveringawiderangeoftopicssuchasspace,nature,science,animalsandtechnology,themagazineisjam-packedwithincredibleandbreathtakingfactsreadytoexciteyourwildestcuriosity.Whatisinside?•GlobalEye—thelatestnews,developmentsandeventsfromtheworldofscienceandtechnology•AmazingImages—eachissueisloadedwithfantasticcutaways,illustrationsandphotography•Features—ourin-deptharticlesexplaintopicsinanexcitingandengagingwaythateveryonecanunderstand•BrainDump—gettheanswerstoallyourburning“howandwhy”questionsinourreaderQ&Asection•HowTo—yourguidetofunexperimentsandprojectstotryoutathomeWhytosubscribe?•BigSavingsAsasubscriber,you’llenjoybigsavingsonshoppricesandthehugeconvenienceofhavingeveryissuedeliveredhotoffthepress.Therearenohiddencostsandallpostageanddeliverycostsareincludedinourprices.•TreatYourselforFamily&FriendsAsubscriptionmakesathoughtfulgiftforbothfamilyandfriendsstraighttotheirdoor.Thisscienceandtechnologymagazinehelpsexplorethefascinatingworldaroundus.•NeverMissanIssueYoursubscriptioncanbecancelledatanytimewithin14daysofthedateofpurchase.Allmemberscanmanagetheirsubscriptionsviaourself-servicewebsite.Chooseyourpreferredsubscriptionpackage:Print:$8.93perissue,$116.00annually/13issuesDigital:$2.20perissue,$28.00annually/13issuesPrint+Digital:$9.31perissue,$121.00annually/13issuesWheretoreadthedigital?Yourpurchasehereatcanbereadonanyofthefollowingplatforms.Youcanreadhereonthewebsiteordownloadtheappforyourplatform,justremembertologinwithyourPocketmagsusernameandpassword.Ourpromisetoyou:Bestpriceguarantee:We’llrefundthedifferenceifyoufinditcheaperelsewhere.You’reincontrol:Manageyoursubscriptiononlineviaourdedicatedself-servicesite.16.Inwhichpartofthemagazinecanyoufindinstructionsonexperiments?A.GlobalEye. B.Features.C.BrainDump. D.HowTo.17.Howmuchshouldyoupayifyoumakeayearlysubscriptioninprint?A.$121. B.$116.C.$28. D.$8.93.18.Accordingtothepassage,subscribersofthemagazinecan_______.A.purchasethemagazineontheAppStoreB.beinformedofthelatestnewsinhumanityC.canceltheorderwithin14daysofitspurchaseD.getafullrefundiftheyfinditcheaperelsewhere【答案】16.D17.B18.C【解析】【分析】这是一则广告。文章为订阅HowItWorks杂志做广告。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据Whatisinside?部分最后一句“HowTo—yourguidetofunexperimentsandprojectstotryoutathome”可知，如何——引导你在家里尝试有趣的实验和项目。由此可知，在HowTo部分可以找到实验指导。故选D。【17题详解】细节理解题根据Chooseyourpreferredsubscriptionpackage部分“Print:$8.93perissue,$116.00annually/13issues”可知，印刷版：每期$8.93，每年$116.00，共13期。由此可知，订阅一年需要付116美元。故选B。【18题详解】细节理解题。根据Whytosubscribe?部分NeverMissanIssue部分的第一句“Yoursubscriptioncanbecancelledatanytimewithin14daysofthedateofpurchase.”可知，你的订阅可在购买之日起14天内随时取消。由此可知，该杂志的订阅者可以在购买后14天内取消订单。故选C。BIt’ssafetosayYellowstoneNationalParkisstilllookinggoodattheripeoldageof150.Thepark,whichstretchesintoWyoming,Montana,andIdaho,isknownforitsuniquenaturalscenery,bountifulwildlife,anddeephistory.Italsohelpedusher(引领)inthebroadernationalparkmovementintheU.S.,accordingtoChuckSams,thedirectoroftheNationalParkService.“Wenowcelebratesomethingmuchbiggerthantheparkitself—thebeginningofthenationalparkidea,anideathatspreadthroughthecountryandaroundtheworld,inspiringgovernmentstoprotectnaturalandculturaltreasures‘forthebenefitandenjoymentofthepeople,’”hesaidinastatement.Yellowstoneishometothelargestconcentrationofmammalsinthelower48states.Bears,wolves,coyotes,moose,andalargepopulationofsmallanimalscanbefoundinthepark.It’salsotheonlyplaceintheU.S.wherebison(野牛)havelivedcontinuouslysinceprehistoriclimes.Itwaslookingriskyforaperiodinthe1900s,whendieanimalwashunteddownfromaprevioushighoftensofthousandstolessthantwodozen.Thisbisonconservationeffortcontinuestothisday.YellowstoneshutitsgatesinMarch2020duetocoronavirusconcernsandremainedclosedfornearlytwomonths.Buttheparkbrokeattendancerecordsafteritreopened.Theparkreported4.9millionrecreationvisitsin2021—up28%from2020andmakingitthebusiestyearonrecord,July2021wasdiemost-visitedmonthinYellowstone’shistoryandthefirstlimevisitationexceededlmillionvisitsinasinglemonth.It’sYellowstone’snaturalbeautyanddeephistorythatbringsmillionsofvisitorseachyear.“Yellowstone’s150thanniversarywillbeanimportantmomentintimefortheworld,”saidYellowstoneSuperintendentCamSholly.“It’sanopportunityforustoreflectonthelessonsoftheolddayswhilefocusingoureffortstostrengthenYellowstoneandourmanypartnershipsforthefuture.”19.WhatdoesParagraph1mainlytellusaboutYellowstoneNationalPark?A.Itsvastarea. B.Itslonghistory.C.Itssignificantrole. D.Itsfantasticviews.20.Whatisadirectresultofthebisonconservationeffort?A.Anincreaseinthepark’sincome. B.Agrowthinbisonpopulation.C.Damagetolocalecology. D.Improvementofspeciesrichness.21.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsincreasingtourists?A.Positive. B.Unclear. C.Disapproving. D.Concerned.22.WhatdoesShollysayaboutYellowstone’s150thanniversary?A.Itremindsparticipantstostriveforasharedfuture.B.Itleadspeopletorethinktheideaofthepark.C.Itscelebrationmiltakeplaceasscheduled.D.Itspastshowslong-termconservationeffortscount.【答案】19.C20.B21.A22.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者在黄石公园150周年纪念日对黄石公园过去的经历进行总结并对人们所做出的保护黄石公园努力给予肯定。【19题详解】主旨大意题。由第一段“Thepark,whichstretchesintoWyoming,Montana,andIdaho,isknownforitsuniquenaturalscenery,bountifulwildlife,anddeephistory.ItalsohelpedusherinthebroadernationalparkmovementintheU.S.,accordingtoChuckSams,thedirectoroftheNationalParkService.”(该公园延伸至怀俄明州、蒙大拿州和爱达荷州，以其独特的自然风光、丰富的野生动物和深厚的历史而闻名。据国家公园管理局局长查克·桑斯（ChuckSams）说，这也帮助美国迎来了更广泛的国家公园运动。)可知，第一段主要介绍黄石国家公园的重要作用。故选C项。【20题详解】推理判断题。由文章第三段“Itwaslookingriskyforaperiodinthe1900s,whendieanimalwashunteddownfromaprevioushighoftensofthousandstolessthantwodozen.Thisbisonconservationeffortcontinuestothisday.”(在20世纪的一段时间里，这看起来很危险，当时死亡动物的数量从之前的数万只下降到不到24只。保护野牛的努力一直持续到今天。)可知，野牛曾经一度濒临灭绝，但野牛保护工作让其数量有所回升。故选B项。【21题详解】推理判断题。由文章第四段“Theparkreported4.9millionrecreationvisitsin2021—up28%from2020andmakingitthebusiestyearonrecord,July2021wasdiemost-visitedmonthinYellowstone’shistoryandthefirstlimevisitationexceededlmillionvisitsinasinglemonth.It’sYellowstone’snaturalbeautyanddeephistorythatbringsmillionsofvisitorseachyear.”(该公园报告了490万个游憩活动，其中2021个增加了28%，从2020个开始，这是历史上最繁忙的一年，2021年7月是黄石公园历史上最光顾的一个月，第一次石灰探访在一个月内超过了100万人次。黄石公园的自然美景和深厚的历史每年都会带来数百万游客。)可知，作者认为游客数量的增加是由于黄石公园的自然美景和深厚的历史，所以对游客增加态度是积极赞成的。故选A项。【22题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段“It’sanopportunityforustoreflectonthelessonsoftheolddayswhilefocusingoureffortstostrengthenYellowstoneandourmanypartnershipsforthefuture.”(这是一个机会，让我们反思过去的教训，同时集中精力加强黄石公园和我们未来的许多伙伴关系。)可知，CamSholly认为黄石公园的过去表明，长期的保护工作很重要。故选D项。CWithasatisfiedsmile,KeishafinishedthelastsentenceofherEnglishessayaboutoneofherheroes,RosaParks,animportantfigureintheCivilRightsMovement.“Keisha,”hermothershoutedfromdownstairs.“It’salmost4:15.”“Don’tworry.Iwon’tbelate.”Keishapulleddownastorybookfromherbookshelf,asshealwaysreadtothenursinghome’sresidents.Andonanimpulse（一时心血来潮）,sheaskedherEnglishnotebookaswell.AsKeishacamerunninginthedoor,themanagertoldher,“Wehaveanewresidentthisweek,Mrs.RubyWatson.She’ssilladjustingtohernewsurroundings.You’llfindherinRoom28.Anybytheway,Keisha,goodluck.”Keishawalkeddownthehallwayataquickpace.AssheenteredRoom28,shemettwosharpbrowneyesstaringatherdoubtfully.“I’mKeishaJackson,avolunteer,”Keishaexplained.“Icomeheretohelppassthetimewithresidents,orreadtothem,or...”Keishastartedstammering（结巴）asMrs.Watsoncontinuedtostareather.“Ididn’trequestanyonetokeepmecompany,”Mrs.Watsoninterrupted.“I’malonemostofthetime,andthat’showIpreferit.”“Ibroughtalongsomefunnystories,”Keishasaidhesitantly.“I’mnotinthemoodforfunnystories,”Mrs.Watsonrepliedangrily.“Whatelsedoyouhave?”Nervously,Keishaopenedhernotebooktoheressay.Shereadthetitlealoud,“RossParks:AWomanofCourageandConviction（信念）.”SheglancedatMrs.Watsontoseehowshemightreact,buttohersurprise,Mrs.Watson’sfacerelaxedandhereyesshone.“ReadtomeaboutRosa,”Mrs.Watsonsaid.KeishareadhowRosaParks’refusaltogiveupherseattoawhitepassengeronabusin1955inspiredtheprotestthatbecameaturningpointinthestruggleforcivilrights.“IwalkedwithRosaParksandDr.MartinLutherKing,”Mrs.Watsonsaidwithpride.“Thatwasthegreatestmomentofmylifebecause...”Shepaused.“Because...youwereawomanofcourageandconvictiontoo.”Sittingupstraighter,Mrs.Watsonsaid,“Yes,IwasandIstillam.Thankyouforremindingme,Keisha.NextThursday,Iwilltellyoumystory.”23.WhydidKeishatakeherEnglishnotebookalong?A.Hermotheraskedhertotakeit.B.Shewouldhanditinonherway.C.Shemightreadheressaytosomeone.D.Themanagerwantedtoreadheressay.24.WhydidthemanagerwishKeishagoodluckbeforeshevisitedMrs.Watson?A.Mrs.Watsoncouldbedifficult.B.Mrs.Watsonwasinpoorhealth.C.Keishawasfeelingnervous.D.Keishawasashyperson.25.WhateffectdidKeisha’sessayhaveonMrs.Watson?A.Itarousedhercuriosityinvolunteerwork.B.Itbuiltupherexpectationformorevisitors.C.Itawokeherprideinherstruggleforcivilrights.D.ItchangedherattitudetotheCivilRightsMovement.26.Readersmayfindthisstoryinspiringbecause________.A.agirlenjoyslearningaboutherheroesB.agirlhelpssomeonefeelappreciatedC.awomanovercomeshardshipbyherselfD.awomangathersthecourageoflife【答案】23.C24.A25.C26.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文讲述了Keisha做志愿者时与Mrs.Watson之间的故事。【23题详解】细节理解题，由第三段“Andonanimpulse,sheaddedherEnglishnotebookaswell.(一时心血来潮，她拿上了英语笔记本。)”以及第十段“Nervously,Keishaopenedhernotebooktoheressay.Shereadthetitlealoud.(Keisha紧张地把笔记翻到她写的文章。她大声地朗读着标题。)”可知，凯莎带着她的英语笔记本是因为她可能会把她的文章读给别人听。故选C项。【24题详解】推理判断题。由第四段“She’sstilladjustingtohernewsurroundings.(她还在适应新环境。)”以及第七段“Ididn’trequestanyonetokeepmecompany,”Mrs.Watsoninterrupted.“I’malonemostofthetime,andthat’showIpreferit.(“我没有要求任何人陪我，”Mrs.Watson打断了她的话。“我大部分时间都是一个人，这就是我喜欢的方式。”)”由此判断出，经理在Keisha拜访Mrs.Watson之前祝她好运是因为Mrs.Watson可能很难相处。故选A项。【25题详解】细节理解题。由倒数第三段“IwalkedwithRosaParksandDr.MartinLutherKing,”Mrs.Watsonsaidwithpride.“Thatwasthegreatestmomentofmylifebecause…”Shepaused.(我和罗莎·帕克斯和马丁·路德·金博士一起散步,Mrs.Watson骄傲地说。“那是我一生中最伟大的时刻因为......”她停顿了一会。)”可知，Keisha的文章唤起了Mrs.Watson为争取公民权利而斗争的自豪感。故选C项。【26题详解】推理判断题。由第四段“She’sstilladjustingtohernewsurroundings.(她还在适应新环境。)”以及第七段“Ididn’trequestanyonetokeepmecompany,”Mrs.Watsoninterrupted.“I’malonemostofthetime,andthat’showIpreferit.”(“我没有要求任何人陪我，”Mrs.Watson打断了她的话。“我大部分时间都是一个人，这就是我喜欢的方式。”)”和倒数第三段“IwalkedwithRosaParksandDr.MartinLutherKing,”Mrs.Watsonsaidwithpride.“Thatwasthegreatestmomentofmylifebecause…”Shepaused.(我和罗莎·帕克斯和马丁·路德·金博士一起散步”Mrs.Watson骄傲地说。“那是我一生中最伟大的时刻因为......”她停顿了一会。)”可知，Keisha的文章这唤起了Mrs.Watson为争取公民权利而斗争的自豪感。所以判断出读者可能会觉得这个故事很鼓舞人心，是因为一个女孩能帮助别人感到被重视。故选B项。DGabrielaworkedforamultinationalcompanyasasuccessfulprojectmanagerinBrazil.LatershewastransferredtomanageateaminSweden.Shewasexcitedabouthernewrolebutsoonrealizedthatmanaginghernewteamwouldbeachallenge.Despitetheirfriendliness,Gabrieladidn’tfeelrespectedasaleader.Hernewstaffwouldquestionherproposalsopenlyinmeetings.Whenshegavetheminstructionsonhowtocarryouttask,theywouldoftengoaboutitintheirownwaywithoutcheckingwithher.Whensheannouncedherdecisionsontheproject,theywouldcontinuegivingtheiropinionsasifitwerestillupfordiscussion.WhatGabrielawasexperiencingwasaculturalshockinexpectations.DutchpsychologistGeertHofstedeusestheconceptof“powerdistance”todescribehowpowerisdistributedindifferentcultures.Inherpreviousworkenvironment,Gabrielawasusedtoahighpowerdistanceculturewherepowerisrespected.Insuchaculture,leadersmakethebigdecisionsandarenotoftenchallenged.HerSwedishteam,however,wereusedtoworkinginalowpowerdistanceculturewhereemployeesoftenworktogetherwiththeirbossestofindsolutionsandmakedecisions.Here,leadersactascoacheswhoencourageindependentthoughtandexpecttobechallenged.WhenGabrielabecameawareoftheculturaldifferencesbetweenherandherteam,shetooktheinitiative(主动权)tohaveanopenconversationwiththemabouttheirfeelingsaboutherleadership.Pleasedtobeaskedfortheirthoughts,Gabriela’steamopenlyexpressedthattheywerenotusedtobeingtoldwhattodo.Theyenjoyedhavingmoreroomforinitiativeandcreativefreedom.Whenshetoldherteamexactlywhatsheneededthemtodo,theyfeltthatshedidn’ttrustthemtodotheirjobwell.Withabetterunderstandingofthereasonsbehindeachother’sbehaviour,Gabrielawasabletomakeadjustmentstohermanagementstyle.Finallysheeffectivelymotivatedherteamtoachievetheirgoals.27.WhatproblemdidGabrielafacewithherSwedishteamatthebeginning?A.HerSwedishstaffdidn’tunderstandherinstructions.B.HerauthoritywaschallengedbyherSwedishstaff.C.Theywerealwaysrefusingtofollowherdirections.D.Theylookeddownuponherbecauseshewasafemale.28.WhatisencouragedintheworkingcultureinSweden?A.Professionalspiritandrisk-takingbehaviour.B.Independentthinkingandfriendlyatmosphere.C.Activeparticipationandcreativethinking.D.Competitivespiritandmildcharacter.29.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeGabriela?A.Kindbutchangeable. B.Strictbuttrustworthy.C.Flexibleandcommunicative. D.Stubbornandforceful.30.WhatalessoncanwelearnfromGabriela’sstory?A.Birdsofafeatherflocktogether. B.Don’tjudgeabookbyitscover.C.Twoheadsarebetterthanone. D.WheninRome,doasRomansdo.【答案】27.B28.B29.C30.D【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了Gabriela到瑞典工作中，经历了高权力距离文化和低权力距离文化的文化冲击。她努力适应当地的工作文化，调整自己的工作方式。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Despitetheirfriendliness,Gabrieladidn’tfeelrespectedasaleader.Hernewstaffwouldquestionherproposalsopenlyinmeetings.(尽管他们很友好，Gabriela作为领导并没有受到尊重。她的新职员会在会议上公开质疑她的提议)”可知，在瑞典，一开始Gabriela的权威受到了瑞典员工的挑战。故选B。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“HerSwedishteam,however,wereusedtoworkinginalowpowerdistanceculturewhereemployeesoftenworktogetherwiththeirbossestofindsolutionsandmakedecisions.Here,leadersactascoacheswhoencourageindependentthoughtandexpecttobechallenged.(然而，她的瑞典团队习惯了在低权力距离文化中工作，员工经常与他们的老板一起工作，寻找解决方案并做出决定。在这里，领导者扮演教练的角色，鼓励独立思考，并期待挑战)”可知，瑞典的工作文化鼓励独立思考；老板能够和员工一起工作，共同做出决定，说明鼓励在友好的氛围中工作。故选B。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“WhenGabrielabecameawareoftheculturaldifferencesbetweenherandherteam,shetooktheinitiative(主动权)tohaveanopenconversationwiththemabouttheirfeelingsaboutherleadership.”（加芙列拉意识到她与团队之间的文化差异时，她和员工开诚布公地交谈员工们对她的领导力的感受。）可知，加芙列拉主动和员工开诚布公地交谈，说明她有很强的沟通交流能力；根据第六段的第一句中提到“Gabrielawasabletomakeadjustmentstohermanagementstyle.”（加芙列拉能够调整自己的管理方式。）可知，了解到原因之后，加芙列拉能够调整自己的管理方式。这说明她能根据具体情况，灵活调整自己的工作方式。由此推知，加芙列拉是一个灵活的、善于沟通的管理者。故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。文章讲述了Gabriela被派到瑞典管理一个新的团队，经历了低权力距离文化的冲击后，能够根据当地的文化调整自己的管理方式。文章最后一段还提到“Withabetterunderstandingofthereasonsbehindeachother’sbehavior，Gabrielawasabletomakeadjustmentstohermanagementstyle.(Gabriela对彼此行为背后的原因有了更好的了解后，能够调整自己的管管理方式)”。由此推断，从Gabriela的故事中，我们体会到了“WheninRome,doasRomansdo.(入乡随俗)”。故选D。第二节七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhatTeenagersCanDoToEarnMoreRespectAsteenagerscontinuetogrowanddevelopintoyoungadults,thetransition(过渡)intoadulthoodhasbegun.Withsomanyphysicalandemotionalchangesgoingon,certainmannersareoftenforgottenandotheradulttraits(特征)arenotyetacceptedasawayoflife.____31____Bydoingthefollowingthings,youwillearnmorerespect.ContributetothehouseholdAttheveryleast,cleanupafteryourself.Asateenager,youareoldenoughtocleanupafteryourself.Whenyoumakeamess,cleanitup.____32____Allchores(零星工作)thatyoudohelptoreducetheloadofthepersonwhodidthembefore.Nowthatyou’reoldenoughandcapable,whyshouldn’tyoucontributetothehousehold?_____33_____Beresponsible___34___Whethertheyarebasicthings,likebrushingyourteethordoingyourhomework,ormoreinvolvedchoresthatcontributetothehousehold,simplyfulfillyourresponsibilitiesontime.Whenadultsknowthattheycanrelyonyou,theirtrustandrespectforyouwillincrease.SolvemoreofyourownproblemwithoutaskingforhelpInsteadoftakingtheeasyapproachandaskingforhelp,makeanefforttosolveyourproblemsonyourownfirst.The“easyway”isonlyeasyforyou,butitisanextrataskforthepersonfromwhomyouareseekinghelp.____35____Dependingontheproblem,15minutesofeffortisusuallyagoodguideline.Whenyoubecomeagoodproblemsolver,youincreaseyourvaluetothecommunity.A.Everyonehascertainresponsibilities.B.Itwillmakeyourlifemorepleasant.C.Thepeopledoingthechoresbeforewillgreatlyappreciatethehelp.D.Thisincludes,butisnotlimitedto,yourdishesandyourroom.E.Bybeingawareofthesemannersandtraits,youcanmanagethemsooner.F.Seekhelponlyafteryouhavemadeanhonestefforttosolveyourownproblems.G.Whenspeakingtoagroup,speakloudenough.【答案】31.E32.D33.C34.A35.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本篇文章是关于青少年要如何赢得别人尊敬和信任的几点建议。首先要学会在家里帮忙做家务，即使从最简单的洗碗叠被做起。其次，要学会负责任，哪怕是自己个人卫生也要做好。最后，要学会独立解决问题。当这些都做好的时候，人们对你的信任也就随之而来了。【31题详解】由上文“Withsomanyphysicalandemotionalchangesgoingon,certainmannersareoftenforgottenandotheradulttraits(特征)arenotyetacceptedasawayoflife.(随着如此多的身体和情感变化的进行，某些礼仪往往被遗忘，其他成年人的特征还没有被接受为一种生活方式)”和下文“Bydoingthefollowingthings,youwillearnmorerespect.(通过做以下事情，你会赢得更多的尊重)”可知，E选项“通过了解这些行为和特点，你可以更快地管理它们。”承接上文讲要了解成年人的一些行为和特点，引出下文如何做的方法。故选E项。【32题详解】由上文“Asateenager,youareoldenoughtocleanupafteryourself.Whenyoumakeamess,cleanitup.(作为一个青少年，你已经长大了，可以自己打扫卫生了。当你把事情弄得一团糟时，把它清理干净)”和下文“Allchores(零星工作)thatyoudohelptoreducetheloadofthepersonwhodidthembefore.(你做的所有家务都有助于减轻之前做过这些事的人的负担)”可知，承接上下文，该空建议青少年自己打扫卫生、做家务，D选项“这包括但不限于您的餐具和房间。”切题。故选D项。【33题详解】由上文“Allchores(零星工作)thatyoudohelptoreducetheloadofthepersonwhodidthembefore.Nowthatyou’reoldenoughandcapable,whyshouldn’tyoucontributetothehousehold?(你做的所有家务都有助于减轻之前做过这些事的人的负担。既然你已经够大了，有能力了，为什么不为家里做点贡献呢？)”可知，承接上文，C选项“以前做家务的人会非常感激你的帮助。”是上文“青少年帮家人做家务”的好处和有利影响。故选C项。【34题详解】由小标题“Beresponsible(负责)”可知，A选项“每个人都有一定的责任。”承接上文讲“青少年要有责任心”。故选A项。【35题详解】由上文“Insteadoftakingtheeasyapproachandaskingforhelp,makeanefforttosolveyourproblemsonyourownfirst.(与其采取简单的方法寻求帮助，不如先努力自己解决问题)”和下文“Dependingontheproblem,15minutesofeffortisusuallyagoodguideline.(根据问题的不同，15分钟的努力通常是一个很好的指导原则)”可知，F选项“只有在你诚实地努力解决自己的问题后，才能寻求帮助。”承接上下文讲“不要轻易向人求助，要在自己努力而未果的情况下去找人帮忙”。故选F项。四、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。Somefolksspenddecadeslookingfortheirbestfriends.Iwas____36____enoughtofindmineinGrade7atmyseniorschool–eight____37____girls.Asweprogressedtohighschool,acoupleofgirls____38____andacoupleofnewoneswormedtheirwayin.BytheendofGrade12,thegrouphadmoreorless____39____intoitsfinalform,onethat’sremainedremarkably____40____forthepast20years.Amongourmany____41____isanannualChristmasexchange.Thiseventfirst____42____whenwewere12.Wesetituponthelong,stickycafeteriatablesatourschooltoswap____43____giftsboughtwithourbabysittingmoney.Infollowingyears,we’d____44____anightofit,watchingmoviesandorderingpizzainparents’livingrooms,____45____movingintoourownshabbystudentapartments,intoslightlylessshabbyadultapartmentsandthenintoourfirst____46____.Atthebeginning,wegaveeachotherbutterflyhairclipsandsoon.Those____47____brightmalljewelleryandcheerfulhousewaresaswebegannestinginour20sandbabyclothesoncewestartedhaving____48____inour30s.Holidayswithfamilycanbe____49____,butourexchangeofferedsomethingelse:achanceformyfriendsandmeto____50____ourowntraditionsandplayatbeinggrown-ups.36.A.cautious B.astonished C.lucky D.clever37.A.mature B.teenage C.fashionable D.strange38.A.droppedout B.droppedin C.showedup D.showedoff39.A.broken B.fo