2022年四川省乐山市高一上学期期末教学质量检测英语试题_第1页
2022年四川省乐山市高一上学期期末教学质量检测英语试题_第2页
2022年四川省乐山市高一上学期期末教学质量检测英语试题_第3页
2022年四川省乐山市高一上学期期末教学质量检测英语试题_第4页
2022年四川省乐山市高一上学期期末教学质量检测英语试题_第5页
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乐山市高中2024届教学质量检测英语(本试卷共10页,满分150分。考试时间120分钟)注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.作答时,务必将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。AWillyouexpectyourchildtobefondofreading?Herearesomegoodchoicesforyou.IUsedtobeaFishThebookisanentrylevelpopularsciencebookwrittenbyTomSullivan.Alittleboy,whowasinspiredbyafish,fueledbyimaginationtotellofhisownlife’sstory,whichintroducesthehistoryofhumanevolution(进化).Thebookhasbeenpraisedbymanypeopleintheindustry,aswellasbymanyparents.TheWindintheWillowsThebookpublishedin1908,isaseriesofanimaltalesbyBritishwriterKennethGrahame,atfirstasbedtimestoriesforhisson.Thework,withitsvividdescriptionsofthecountrysideandexcitingadventures,becameaclassicofEnglishchildren’sliterature.Charlotte’sWebCharlotte’sWebisachildren’sbookbyAmericanauthorE.B.White,publishedin1952.Charlotte,aspider,lostherlifetosaveWilbur,apigbywritingabouthisstoriesinherweb(网).PublishersWeeklyliststhebookasthebestsellingchildren’sbookofalltime.TheLittlePrinceTheLittlePrincewaswrittenin1942byFrenchWriterAntoinedeSaintExupery.TheLittlePrinceisapureandblueboywhocomesfromthesolarsystem.Hepassedthroughvariousstars,andlaterhearrivedattheEarth,tryingtofindsolutionstolonelinessandpain.21.Whichbookissuitabletoreadifachildwantstoknowwherehumancomesfrom?A.IUsedtobeaFish B.TheWindintheWillows C.Charlotte’sWeb D.TheLittlePrince22.WhichofthefollowingstatementsareNOTtrue?A.IUsedtobeaFishisspokenhighlyofbymanypeople.B.Charlotte’sWeblistedthebestbookofalltimetellsthestoryoffriendship.C.TheLittlePrinceisaboutasadboywhowantstoeasehisbadfeelings.D.TheWindintheWillowswasfirstlywrittenforKenneth’ssonasbedtimestories.23.Thepassageiswrittenmainlyfor________.A.teenagers. B.parents. C.teachers. D.booklovers.【答案】21.A22.B23.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本适合儿童的读物。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据IUsedtobeaFish中“Alittleboy,whowasinspiredbyafish,fueledbyimaginationtotellofhisownlife’sstory,whichintroducesthehistoryofhumanevolution(进化).(一个小男孩受到一条鱼的启发,在想象力的驱使下讲述了他自己的人生故事,讲述了人类进化的历史。)”可知,IUsedtobeaFish这本书讲述了人类进化的历史,所以如果一个孩子想要知道人类从哪里来的,可以阅读这本书。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Charlotte’sWeb中“PublishersWeeklyliststhebookasthebestsellingchildren’sbookofalltime.(《出版商周刊》将这本书列为有史以来最畅销的儿童读物。)”可知,Charlotte’sWeb这本书是最畅销的儿童读物,而不是最好的儿童读物;由此可知,选项B的描述错误。故选B。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一句“Willyouexpectyourchildtobefondofreading?Herearesomegoodchoicesforyou.(你希望你的孩子喜欢阅读吗?这里有一些不错的选择。)”可知,本文介绍了四本适合儿童的读物,由此可推知,这篇文章是写给家长看的。故选B。BWhenIwasinmiddleschool,ImetmyEnglishliteratureteacher,whowasnewtoteaching.Shewasonly22butshealwaysdidherbesttomakelearningfun.Shewouldgiveusapersonalizedmininotebookforeverystudent’sbirthday.Ihadthissimplesmallnotebook.Shehadfilledthefirstcouplepagestellingmehowmuchshelovedhavingmeasastudent,howfarsheknewIwouldgo,andotheraffirmations.Itseemedsmallbutfora13-yearoldchildwhohadahardhomelife,itmadeallthedifference.InmyJunioryearofhighschool,inoneEnglishclass,wewerediscussingastorywhenonestudentcalledCarlmadeapoint.Theteacherwasdismissive(不以为然的)andsaidCarlwaswrong.Thenextday,theteachersaidhewaswrongtodismisswhatCarlsaidsoquickly.“Let’stakealookatthatagain”.Afterthediscussion,itbecameclearthatCarl’spointwasindeedunreasonable,butIwasimpressedtheteacherpubliclyownedhismistakeanddidwhatheshould.WhenIwasingradeone,mymothergavemeonereallyawfulhaircut.Thefirstdaybackatschoolafterthat,thekidspickedonmehorriblysomuchthatIranoutandhid.Theheadmasterfoundmeandtookmeback.Heaskedmetowaitoutsideforaminutewhilehetalkedtotheclass.Thenextdaywehadanassembly(朝会)withtheentireschoolandhewalkeduponstagewithhisheadshavedcompletelybaldandtalkedaboutcampusbullying(欺凌).Twentyyearslater,Iranintohimatthelocalcollege.Ithoughthedidn’trememberme,buthesaidmynameandtheevent.Themanwasandisaheroinmyeyes.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“affirmations”inparagraph1mean?A.Instructions. B.Suggestions. C.Encouragements. D.Descriptions.25.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A.Carlreadanewstorytotheclassbeforediscussion.B.Iwasimpressedbytheteacher’steachingmethod.C.TheEnglishteachermadeanimmediateapologytoCarlinclass.D.Carl’spointwasn’tpaidmuchattentionbytheteacheratfirst.26.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheheadmaster?A.Loyalandbrave. B.Patientandorganized. C.Funnyandkind. D.Kindandrespectable.27.Wherecanyouprobablyreadthispassage?A.Lifecolumn. B.Sciencefiction. C.Fashionmagazine. D.Entertainmentnewspaper.【答案】24.C25.D26.D27.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲的是作者的英语文学老师和一年级的校长对作者的鼓励和帮助。【24题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段的“howfarsheknewIwouldgo(她知道我会走多远)”可知,那位老师是鼓励作者,因此划线词affirmation的意思是“鼓励”,即encouragement,故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Theteacherwasdismissive(不以为然的)andsaidCarlwaswrong.(老师不屑一顾,说卡尔错了。)”可知,卡尔的观点起初并没有引起老师太多的注意。故选D。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Thenextdaywehadanassembly(朝会)withtheentireschoolandhewalkeduponstagewithhisheadshavedcompletelybaldandtalkedaboutcampusbullying(欺凌).(第二天,我们和全校同学举行了一次集会,他光头走上台,谈论校园欺凌。)”及“Ithoughthedidn’trememberme,buthesaidmynameandtheevent.(我以为他不记得我了,但他说了我的名字和这件事。)”可知,那位校长剃光头是为了保护那些受到校园欺凌的孩子,而且他20年后还记得作者的名字和那件事,因此他是善良和受人尊敬的,故选D。【27题详解】推理判断题。通读全文,尤其是第一段的“WhenIwasinmiddleschool,ImetmyEnglishliteratureteacher,whowasnewtoteaching.(当我在中学的时候,我遇到了我的英语文学老师,她是一个新的老师。)”及最后一段的“WhenIwasingradeone,mymothergavemeonereallyawfulhaircut.(我上一年级的时候,我妈妈给我剪了一个非常糟糕的发型。)”及后文讲到校长在集会上讲校园欺凌可知,作者是在回忆自己的英语老师和一位校长,因此这是关于生活的,可以在生活栏目看到这篇文章,故选A。CWhatcomestoyourmindwhenyouhearTHON?Isitamisspelledword?THONisastudentrunorganizationofouruniversity,whichaimstoimprovethelivesofchildrenandfamiliesinfluencedbychildhoodcancer.ThefirsttimeIfoundoutaboutthisorganizationwasinmymanagementcoursewhenmyprofessorshowedusavideo.Irememberedonesceneclearly—a5-year-oldkidwithwhitehairsitsontheshouldersofastudentinastadium,tryingtotouchthetransparent(透明的)bubble(气泡).MyprofessortoldusthatthiswasTHONWeekend,whichisa46-hour,no-sitting,no-sleepingdancemarathon.Everyonewillcometothestage,havefunwithfriendsandenjoythemselves.Iwasgreatlyinterestedinitandbecameitsmember.IworksintheRulesandRegulationsCommittee.Wearemainlyresponsible(负责的)forpeople’ssafetyduringTHONWeekendandotherrelatedeventsandprovidinghelpforparticipants.Forexample,THON5kisoneoftherelatedevents.It’sthelargestraceinCentralPennsylvaniawithover4,000runnerseveryyear.Peoplewillcomeandrunacrossthecampus(校园).Marathonsarenoteasyforeveryone,especiallyforthosepeoplewhohavecancer.Therefore,wemakemarkstoshowpeopletherightwaybecauseouruniversityhaslotsofpaths.Wealsosetupmanystationstoprepareenoughwaterandfoodforthosecomingrunners.NowweareacceptingweeklytrainingtolearnhowtoprovidesafespacesforparticipantsuntilTHONWeekendarrivesinFebruarynextyear.IbelievebecomingaTHONmemberwillbeaspecialexperienceforeverystudentatPennState.28.WhatdoesTHONaimtodo?A.Tohelppeoplespellcorrectly. B.Tosetastudent-runorganization.C.Tomanagechildren’sliveswell. D.Tohelpchildrenwhohavecancer.29.WhydidtheauthorbecameamemberofTHON?A.Becausehisteacheraskedhimtotakepartinit. B.Becauseonesceneinitsactivitiestouchedhim.C.Becauseitsactivitieswereexcitingandamusing. D.BecausehecouldtakepartinTHONWeekend.30.WhatdoestheauthordoinTHON5k?A.Runningtheracewith4,000runners. B.Directingthetrafficduringtherace.C.Doingpreparationsforrunners’safety. D.Providingmedicalcareforrunners.31.Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?A.THONisamisspelledword. B.THONWeekendopenstopublic.C.YouneedpaymoneytobeaTHONmember. D.ThewriterhasbeenwelltrainedforTHON.【答案】28.D29.B30.C31.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了大学里一个名为THON的学生组织,旨在帮助患有癌症的儿童。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“THONisastudentrunorganizationofouruniversity,whichaimstoimprovethelivesofchildrenandfamiliesinfluencedbychildhoodcancer.”(THON是我们大学的一个学生组织,旨在改善受儿童期癌症影响的儿童和家庭的生活。)可知,THON旨在改善受儿童期癌症影响的儿童和家庭的生活,由此可知,THON旨在帮助患有癌症的儿童。故选D项。29题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“Irememberedonesceneclearly—a5-year-oldkidwithwhitehairsitsontheshouldersofastudentinastadium,tryingtotouchthetransparent(透明的)bubble(气泡).”(我清楚地记得一个场景——一个5岁的白发孩子坐在体育场里一名学生的肩膀上,试图触摸透明的气泡。)和第三段关键句“Iwasgreatlyinterestedinitandbecameitsmember.”(我对它非常感兴趣,并成为了它的成员。)可知,作者看到了THON活动中的一个场景,记忆深刻并非常感兴趣,于是成为了它的成员,由此可知,作者成为THON的成员是因为它活动中的一个场景触动了他。故选B项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“IworksintheRulesandRegulationsCommittee.Wearemainlyresponsible(负责的)forpeople’ssafetyduringTHONWeekendandotherrelatedeventsandprovidinghelpforparticipants.”(我在规章制度委员会工作。我们主要负责THONWeekend和其他相关活动期间参与者的人身安全,并为参与者提供帮助。)和第四段关键句“Forexample,THON5kisoneoftherelatedevents.”(例如,THON5k是相关活动之一。)可知,作者负责的是THONWeekend和其他相关活动期间参与者的人身安全,而THON5k是相关活动之一,由此可知,作者在THON5k中为跑步者的安全做准备。故选C项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“Everyonewillcometothestage,havefunwithfriendsandenjoythemselves.”(每个人都会来到舞台上,和朋友们玩得开心,享受快乐。)和第四段关键句“Forexample,THON5kisoneoftherelatedevents.It’sthelargestraceinCentralPennsylvaniawithover4,000runnerseveryyear.”(例如,THON5k是相关活动之一。这是宾夕法尼亚州中部最大的一场比赛,每年有超过4000名选手参赛。)可知,每个人都可以参加THONWeekend,它的相关活动之一THON5k每年有超过4000名选手参赛,是宾夕法尼亚州中部最大的一场比赛,由此可知,THONWeekend对公众开放,每个人都可以参加。故选B项。DComparedwiththeotherenvironmentalissues,litteringoftentakesabackseat—butit’smorepressingthanwemaythink.Ifyouweretothrow,forexample,abananapeeloutofyourcarwhiledrivingalongtheroad,thatwouldbeacompletelyharmlessaction,becauseit’spartofafruit—right?Actually,no.Abananapeelcantakeuptotwoyearstobreakdown,andwithathirdofdriversadmittingtolitteringwhiledriving,that’sawholelotofbananapeelgarbagemountain.Anorangepeelandacigaretteendhaveasimilarbiodegrading(降解)termtothatofabanana,buttinandaluminiumcanslastupto100years;andplasticbottleslastforever,asdoglassbottles.Inspiteofthefactthatlonger-lastingmaterialswillservetodamage(破坏)theenvironmentanditsanimalsforlonger,wecan’tmeasuretheharmofacertaintypeofrubbishonlybyitslifetime.Forexample,evenwithafairlyshortbiodegradingtime,morethan120tonsofcigarette-relatedlittercanbefoundintheUKeveryday.Similarly,ourregularlitteringhereandtherehascausedtheUKsmousepopulationtoincreaseby60million.It’snotacheaphabiteither:UKpays£500milliontokeepourstreetsclean,andwhenyouincludeourgreenspaces,thatgoesupto£1billion.So,it’snotsurprisingthatifcaughtfly-tipping(倾倒垃圾)youcouldfacea£20,000fineorevenjailtime.Inspiteofhowheavythesepunishmentsmightseem,however,amongthereportedcasesonly2,000wereconvicted(定罪)outof825,000,sowestillhavesomewaytogo.32.Itcanbe________foracigaretteendtobreakdown.A.2years B.50years C.100years D.forever33.WhydoestheUK’smousepopulationincreasesharply?A.Becauserubbishhasdamagedtheenvironment. B.Becausemostrubbishhasalongtimetobreakdown.C.Becausetherearetoomuchcigaretterelatedrubbish. D.Becausemousescanfeedonmuchfoodrubbish.34Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph4that________.A.2,000peoplewereputintojailforlittering B.UKspent£1billioninbuildinggreenspacesC.manypeoplewholitteredescapedpunishment D.youformthehabitoflitteringeasilyintheUK35.WhichofthefollowingharmsisNOTrelatedtolittering?A.Sharpclimatechangeinrecentyears. B.Increaseofmouseandpestpopulation.C.Highcosttokeeptheenvironmentclean. D.Garbagealongtheroadsandstreets.【答案】32.A33.D34.C35.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人们乱扔垃圾的害处,包括这些扔掉的垃圾需要很多年去降解,乱扔垃圾导致了老鼠的急剧增加以及清理垃圾需要花费很大的成本。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第二句话“Actually,no.Abananapeelcantakeuptotwoyearstobreakdown,andwithathirdofdriversadmittingtolitteringwhiledriving,that’sawholelotofbananapeelgarbagemountain.”(事实上,这是不对的。一个香蕉皮可能需要两年的时间才能分解,三分之一的司机承认在开车时乱丢垃圾,这就是一大堆香蕉皮垃圾。)以及第二段倒数第二句话“Anorangepeelandacigaretteendhaveasimilarbiodegrading(降解)termtothatofabanana,buttinandaluminiumcanslastupto100years;”(橘皮和烟头的生物降解周期与香蕉相似,但锡和铝罐的使用寿命可达100年。)可推知,香蕉皮分解的时间为两年,烟头的分解时间和它相似,所以也需要两年。故选A。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句话“Similarly,ourregularlitteringhereandtherehascausedtheUKsmousepopulationtoincreaseby60million.”(同样,我们经常到处乱扔垃圾导致英国的老鼠数量增加了6000万。)可推知,我们乱扔垃圾,老鼠们的食物就会增多,所以他们的数量就会急剧增长。故选D。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句话“Inspiteofhowheavythesepunishmentsmightseem,however,amongthereportedcasesonly2,000wereconvicted(定罪)outof825,000,sowestillhavesomewaytogo.”(然而,尽管这些惩罚似乎有多严厉,在报告的案件中,82.5万起中只有2000起被定罪,因此我们还有一些路要走。)可推知,虽然对于乱扔垃圾的惩罚很严厉,但是在82.5万起案件中只有2000起被定罪,所以乱扔垃圾的人逃脱了惩罚。故选C。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句话“Ifyouweretothrow,forexample,abananapeeloutofyourcarwhiledrivingalongtheroad,thatwouldbeacompletelyharmlessaction,becauseit’spartofafruit—right?”(例如,如果你在路上开车时把香蕉皮从车里扔出去,那将是完全无害的行为,因为它是水果的一部分——对吗?)可知,开车乱扔垃圾可以让路上和街道上到处都是垃圾。根据第三段最后一句话“Similarly,ourregularlitteringhereandtherehascausedtheUKsmousepopulationtoincreaseby60million.”(同样,我们经常到处乱扔垃圾导致英国的老鼠数量增加了6000万。)可知,由于人们乱扔垃圾,导致了老鼠的急剧增加;根据第四段第一句话“It’snotacheaphabiteither:UKpays£500milliontokeepourstreetsclean,andwhenyouincludeourgreenspaces,thatgoesupto£1billion.”(这也不是一个廉价的习惯:英国为保持街道清洁支付了5亿英镑,如果把我们的绿地包括在内,这将高达10亿英镑。)可知,乱扔垃圾的成本也会很高,因为政府要花很多钱保持良好的环境。所以近年来气候急剧变化和乱扔垃圾无关。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Greenschoolsnotonlyareenvironmentallyfriendlybutalsoreducecostintheformofreducedwaterandenergyuse.Thedesignandmanagementforgreenschoolsshouldmeettherequirementsofsustainability(可持续).Tomaketheirschoolsgreenerandtoreducetheircarbonfootprintby30percentover5years,manyschoolsaretakingpartintheGreenSchoolsAlliance(GSA).____36____TheGSAprogramcovers5millionstudentsatmorethan8,000schoolsandorganizationsfrom48U.S.statesand91countries.AnyonecanjointheGSA,butyoudon’tneedtobeapartofaformalprogramtomakeenvironment-friendlypracticesinyourschool.Studentsandparentscancontributetomakingschoolsgreenerintheirdailylife.____37____1.Encourageparentsandkidstousepublictransportationortowalkorbiketoschool.2.Encourageparentsandkidstoavoidusingplastics.3.Encourageparentstoturnoffengineswhilewaitingoutsidetheschool.Inadditionstudentscanworkwiththeirschoolstodecideandreduceenergyuse.Firstly,studentscanhelpexamineandrecordtheirschool’slightandenergyuse.____38____TheGSAprovidesstudentswithastep-by-stepplantohelpfinishtasksofreducingcarbonemissions(排放)overafive-yeartimetable.____39____Forexample,schoolcanencouragestudentstousedaylightinsteadofoverheadlightingasmuchaspossible.Creatingagreenerschoolrequireseducatingthecommunityabouttheimportanceofreducingcarbonemissionsandlivingmoreenvironment-friendlylives.____40____Studentsmaybemoreencouragedtomaketheirschoolgreenerwhentheyknowwhatsimilarschoolsaredoing.A.Manyschoolshavebeengreenschools.B.Thehelpfulplanprovidesactionsschoolscantake.C.Findaplantotellyourschoolwhatyouredoing.D.Thenstudentscanchecktheschool’senergyuseonamonthlybasis.E.Thegoalistoachievecarbonneutrality(碳中和).F.Thegoodnewsisthatsomeschoolshaveofferedclassesonlivinggreenlives.G.Therearestepsthattheycantakeasfollows.【答案】36.E37.G38.D39.B40.F【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了很多绿色学校不仅对环境友好,而且以减少水和能源使用的形式降低成本,他们也加入了绿色学校联盟,这个联盟给加入的学校以及学生提出了很多的建议和指导,帮助学校和学生以至于家长让学校变得更环保,并在5年内减少30%的碳足迹。【36题详解】根据前文“Tomaketheirschoolsgreenerandtoreducetheircarbonfootprintby30percentover5years,manyschoolsaretakingpartintheGreenSchoolsAlliance(GSA).(为了让学校更环保,并在5年内减少30%的碳足迹,许多学校都参加了绿色学校联盟。)”可知,很多学校加入了绿色学校联盟,他们的目标就是让学校更环保,而且减少碳足迹。E项“目标是实现碳中和。”符合语境。故选E。【37题详解】根据前文“Studentsandparentscancontributetomakingschoolsgreenerintheirdailylife.(学生和家长可以在日常生活中为学校环保做出贡献。)”以及下文可知,文章给出了3点学生和家长们应该如何做才能在日常生活中为学校的环保做出贡献的建议。G项“他们可以采取以下步骤。”承上启下,符合语境。故选G。【38题详解】根据前文“Inaddition,studentscanworkwiththeirschoolstodecideandreduceenergyuse.(此外,学生可以与学校合作,决定并减少能源使用。)”以及“Firstly,studentscanhelpexamineandrecordtheirschool’slightandenergyuse.(首先,学生可以帮助检查和记录学校的光和能源使用情况。)”可知,文中给出了学生和学校怎样合作才能减少能源的使用得建议,D项中的“studentscanchecktheschool’senergyuseonamonthlybasis(学生可以每月检查学校的能源使用情况)”是具体怎样做的建议,符合语境。故选D。【39题详解】根据前文“TheGSAprovidesstudentswithastep-by-stepplantohelpfinishtasksofreducingcarbonemissions(排放)overafive-yeartimetable.(GSA为学生提供了一个循序渐进的计划,帮助他们在五年的时间内完成减少碳排放的任务。)”可知,GSA为学生提供了一个循序渐进的计划,帮助他们完成减少碳排放的任务。以及后面的例子,可知,这是学校采取的行动。B项中的“Thehelpfulplan”和前文呼应,“providesactionsschoolscantake(提供学校可以采取的行动)”也能承接下文。故选B。【40题详解】根据前文“Creatingagreenerschoolrequireseducatingthecommunityabouttheimportanceofreducingcarbonemissionsandlivingmoreenvironment-friendlylives.(创建一所更环保的学校需要教育社区减少碳排放和过更环保生活的重要性。)”可知,本段主要讲述教育社区减少碳排放和过更环保生活的重要性,F项中的“someschoolshaveofferedclassesonlivinggreenlives(一些学校开设了绿色生活课程)”呼应“教育社区减少碳排放和过更环保生活”这一主题,学校开设相关课程这是一个好消息。故选F。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Havingmadeseveralveryimportantmedicalbreakthroughs(突破),IwasonceaskedwhyIwasabletobesomuchmore____41____thantheaverageperson.What____42____mesofarapartfromothers?Well,thatallcamefroma(n)____43____withmymotherwhenIwastwo.Ihadbeentryingto____44____abottleofmilkfromthefridgewhenIlostmy____45____ontheslipperybottleandit____46____,spilling(洒)alloverthekitchenfloor.Whenmymothercamein,____47____shoutingatme,givingmealecture,or____48____me,shesaid,“Robert,whatagreatand____49____messyouhavemade!Well,the____50____hasalreadybeendone.Wouldyouliketoplayinthemilkbeforewe____51____itup?”Idid.Severalminuteslater,shesaid,“Youknow,Robert,wheneveryoumakea____52____likethis,intheendyouhavetocleanitupand____53____everythingtoitsproperorder.Howwouldyouliketodothat?Atoweloramop?”Afterthecleaningup,sheadded,“Whatwehavehereisa(n)____54____experimentinhowto____55____carryabigmilkbottle.Let’stryagainandseeifyoucan____56____awaytocarryitwithout____57____it.”ThenIlearnedthatifIgraspedthebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands,Icould____58____it.ItwasatthatmomentthatIknewIdidn’tneedtobeafraidtomake____59____.Eveniftheexperiment“doesn’twork,”weusuallylearnsomething____60____fromit.41.A.attractive B.creative C.energetic D.fortunate42.A.contact B.broke C.stopped D.set43.A.experience B.conversation C.lesson D.quarrel44.A.steal B.drink C.carry D.draw45.A.weight B.sight C.control D.power46.A.fell B.disappeared C.moved D.exploded47.A.incaseof B.intermsof C.inreturnfor D.insteadof48.A.catching B.punishing C.bothering D.greeting49.A.wonderful B.powerful C.painful D.skillful50.A.change B.favour C.damage D.job51.A.pick B.clean C.bring D.put52.A.rule B.point C.mess D.decision53.A.return B.reduce C.allow D.add54.A.natural B.scientific C.fun D.failed55.A.quickly B.effectively C.normally D.frequently56.A.offer B.suggest C.remember D.discover57.A.dropping B.covering C.passing D.mixing58.A.check B.survive C.make D.get59.A.accidents B.mistakes C.enemies D.efforts60.A.reasonable B.enjoyable C.personal D.valuable【答案】41.B42.D43.A44.C45.C46.A47.D48.B49.A50.C51.B52.C53.A54.D55.B56.D57.A58.C59.B60.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲的是作者两岁时掉了一瓶牛奶,他的母亲没有责骂作者,而是鼓励他寻找其他办法成功地拿稳奶瓶,这让作者明白自己不必害怕犯错误,而要从错误中学习有价值的东西。【41题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在取得了几项非常重要的医学突破后,我曾被问及为什么我能比一般人更有创造力。A.attractive吸引人的;B.creative有创造力的;C.energetic精力充沛的;D.fortunate幸运的。由上文的“Havingmadeseveralveryimportantmedicalbreakthroughs”可知,作者取得了几项非常重要的医学突破,作者比一般人更有创造力,故选B。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:是什么让我如此与众不同?A.contact联系;B.broke打破;C.stopped停止;D.set设置。由“sofarapartfromothers”可知,此处是问“是什么让我如此与众不同”,setapart(from)为固定短语,意为“与从不同”,故选D。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:这一切都来自我两岁时和我母亲的一次经历。A.experience经历;B.conversation对话;C.lesson课;D.quarrel吵架。由后文的“whenIwastwo”可知,接下来要讲的是两岁时的经历,故选A。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我试图从冰箱里拿一瓶牛奶,但瓶子太滑了,我失去了控制,牛奶掉了下来,洒了厨房的地板上。A.steal偷;B.drink喝;C.carry拿;D.draw画画。根据句中“abottleofmilkfromthefridge”和下文“howto15carryabigmilkbottle”可知,作者是试图从冰箱里拿一瓶牛奶,故选C。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我试图从冰箱里拿一瓶牛奶,但瓶子太滑了,我失去了控制,牛奶掉了下来,洒了厨房的地板上。A.weight重量;B.sight风景;C.control控制;D.power力量。由后文的“spilling(洒)alloverthekitchenfloor”可知,牛奶洒了,是因为作者没拿稳,牛奶瓶掉了,也就是失去了对牛奶瓶的控制,故选C。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我试图从冰箱里拿一瓶牛奶,但瓶子太滑了,我失去了控制,牛奶掉了下来,洒了厨房的地板上。A.fell落下;B.disappeared消失;C.moved移动;D.exploded爆炸。由后文的“spilling(洒)alloverthekitchenfloor”可知,牛奶瓶是落在地上,牛奶洒在了地板上,故选A。【47题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意:母亲走进来,可并没有对我大喊大叫,也没有教训我,更没有惩罚我,她只说A.incaseof万一;B.intermsof在……方面;C.inreturnfor作为对……的回报;D.insteadof而不是,代替。由后文的“shesaid”及作者妈妈所说的话可知,作者妈妈没有对作者大喊大叫,空格处是“而不是,代替”,故选D。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:母亲走进来,可并没有对我大喊大叫,也没有教训我,更没有惩罚我,她只说……。A.catching抓住;B.punishing惩罚;C.bothering打扰;D.greeting问候。由后文的“shesaid”及妈妈所说的话可知,作者的妈妈并没有教训作者也没有惩罚作者,而是心平气和地对作者说话,空格处是“惩罚”,故选B。【49题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:罗伯特,你制造了一个多么奇妙的大麻烦啊!伤害已经造成了。在我们把牛奶清理干净之前,你想不想去玩一下?A.wonderful美妙的;B.powerful强大的;C.painful疼痛的;D.skillful熟练的。根据上文“whatagreat”和后文的“playinthemilk”可知,作者妈妈还允许作者在玩儿一下牛奶,因此妈妈认为作者制造了一个奇妙的大麻烦,故选A。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:罗伯特,你制造了一个多么奇妙的大麻烦啊!损坏已经造成了。在我们把牛奶清理干净之前,你想不想去玩一下?A.change改变;B.favour支持;C.damage损坏;D.job工作。由上文的“spilling(洒)alloverthekitchenfloor”可知,牛奶洒了一地,损坏已经造成,故选C。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:罗伯特,你制造了一个多么奇妙的大麻烦啊!损坏已经造成了。在我们把牛奶清理干净之前,你想不想去玩一下?A.pick摘;B.clean清理;C.bring带来;D.put放。由后文的“intheendyouhavetocleanitup”可知,作者妈妈是问作者在把牛奶清理干净之前是否想玩儿一下,故选B。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:你知道,罗伯特,无论什么时候,你制造了像这样的一团糟,最后你都必须把它清理干净,并把一切都放回正常的位置。A.rule规则;B.point分数;C.mess混乱;D.decision决定。由上文的“whatagreatand____9____messyouhavemade”可知,作者是制造了像这样的一团糟,makeamess意为“搞得一团糟”,故选C。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:你知道,罗伯特,无论什么时候,你制造了像这样的一团糟,最后你都必须把它清理干净,并把一切都放回正常的位置。A.return归还;B.reduce减少;C.allow允许;D.add增加。由后文的“toitsproperorder”可知,是把一切放回正常的位置,空格处意为“归还”,故选A。【54题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们在这里做的是一个如何有效地拿一个大奶瓶的失败的实验。A.natural自然的;B.scientific科学的;C.fun有趣的;D.failed失败的。由后文的“Let’stryagain”可知,这次是一个失败的实验,所以才会叫再试一次,故选D。【55题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:我们在这里做的是一个如何成功地携带一个大奶瓶的失败的实验。A.quickly迅速地;B.effectively有效地,成功地;C.normally通常;D.frequently频繁地。由后文的“IlearnedthatifIgraspedthebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands,Icould____18____it”可知,这个实验是关于如何成功地拿一个大奶瓶,故选B。【56题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:让我们再试一次,看看你能不能找到一种方法,既能拿着它,又不会让它掉下来。A.offer提供;B.suggest建议;C.remember记得;D.discover发现。由后文的“awaytocarryitwithout____17____it”可知,是发现一个方法来拿着奶瓶而不让它掉下来,故选D。【57题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:让我们再试一次,看看你能不能找到一种方法,既能拿着它,又不会让它掉下来。A.dropping落下;B.covering覆盖;C.passing经过;D.mixing混合。由后文的“ThenIlearnedthatifIgraspedthebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands,Icould____18____it”可知,作者和作者的妈妈都想作者能够拿着奶瓶而不让它落下来,故选A。【58题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:然后我发现,如果我用两只手抓住瓶子顶部靠近瓶口的地方,我就能成功。A.check检查;B.survive幸存;C.make使成功;D.get得到。由“graspedthebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands”及常识可知,用两只手抓住瓶子顶部靠近瓶口的地方就能成功地拿着奶瓶,makeit是固定短语,意为“成功”,故选C。【59题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:就在那一刻,我知道我不必害怕犯错误。A.accidents事故;B.mistakes错误;C.enemies敌人;D.efforts努力。由后文的“Eveniftheexperiment‘doesn’twork,’”可知,此处说的是“我不必害怕犯错误”,故选B。【60题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:即使实验“失败了”,我们通常也能从中学到一些有价值的东西。A.reasonable合理的;B.enjoyable令人愉快的;C.personal个人的;D.valuable有价值的。由“learnsomething”可知,当然是学到一些有价值的东西,故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。TheancientXi’anheldChina’s14thNationalGamesinSeptember.____61____(be)thecapitalof13dynasties(朝代)throughoutChinesehistory,theancientcityhasneverbeenfarfromsports.StartingfromtheWesternZhouDynastytotheTangDynasty(618—907),____62____cityhasheldmanysportsevents.Cuju,theorigin(起源)ofmodernfootball,wasanancientChinese____63____(compete)gamerequiringkickingaballintoanet.____64____(describe)asaformofentertainmentamongthepublic,CujufirstappearedintheancientChinesehistoricalworkZhanGuoCe(StrategiesoftheWarringStates).Inthisperiod,peopleplayedthegame____65____fun.Later,Cujuwas____66____(usual)playedinthearmyformilitarytrainingpurposesduringtheHanDynasty.EmperorHangaozuLiuBang,thefirstemperoroftheWesternHanDynastynotonlylikedwatchingCujugames,butalwaystriedhisfootworkontheplayground.LiuChe,emperorWuoftheHanDynasty,____67____wascrazyaboutCuju,wouldbuildaCujufieldwhereverhisarmywent.HeusedCujuasaway____68____(train)soldiers.The____69____(early)recordofwomenCujuplayerscandatebacktotheHanDynasty.Asawayofnationalcultureprotection,Cuju_____70_____(list)intothefirstgroupofChina’sintangibleculturalheritages(非物质文化遗产)in2006.【答案】61.Being62.the63.competitive64.Described65for66.usually67.who68.totrain69.earliest70.waslisted【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古城西安和古代运动蹴鞠的发展历史。【61题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:作为中国历史上13个朝代的首都,这座古城从未远离过体育运动。分析句子可知,句子有谓语动词“hasneverbeenfarfrom”且句中无连词,故空格处应用非谓语动词,句子主语“theancientcity”和“be”之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,故空格处应用“be”的现在分词“being”,作状语,句首单词首字母大写。故填Being。【62题详解】考查冠词。句意:从西周到唐代(618-907),这座城市举办了许多体育赛事。分析句子可知,句中“city”特指上文提到的“Xi’an”,故空格处应用定冠词“the”,表示特指。故填the。【63题详解】考查形容词。句意:蹴鞠,现代足球的起源,是一种古老的中国竞技运动,需要将球踢入网内。分析句子可知,句中“game”为名词,前面应用形容词修饰,“compete”意为“竞争”,动词词性,对应的形容词为“competitive”,意为“竞争的”,在句中作定语。故填competitive。【64题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:蹴鞠被描述为一种大众娱乐形式,最早出现在中国古代历史著作《战国策》中。分析句子可知,句子有谓语动词“appeared”且句中无连词,故空格处应用非谓语动词,句子主语“Cuju”和“describe”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故空格处应用“describe”的过去分词“described”,作状语,句首单词首字母大写。故填Described。【65题详解】考查固定短语。句意:在这个时期,人们玩这个游戏是为了好玩。分析句子可知,句中

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