2022年福建省南平市高一下学期期末质量检测英语试题

南平市2021—2022学年第二学期高一期末质量检测英语试题（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）选择题部分第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABestMoviesof2021SummerofSoulAhmirThompson’sdocumentary(纪录片)recordsafreeconcertseriesthattookplaceinaHarlemparkduringthesummerofWoodstockbutreceivedfarlessattention.TheHarlemCulturalFestivaldrewhugecrowds,butintheyearssince,thiscelebrationofmusichasbeenignored.Likejewelshiddeninplainsight,thefilmshowsexcellentperformancesfromMahaliaJacksonandNinaSimone.Atlast,theworldisreadytotakenotice.ParallelMothersPenelopeCruzgivesagreatperformanceasamotherinmiddleage—evenasshe’stryingtowinjusticeforhergreat-grandfather,murderedduringtheSpanishCivilWar.DirectorPedroAlmodóvarusesthismovietodealwiththepainfulhistoryofhiscountry,butalsotohighlightanimportanttruth:historyistheworkofmothers—civilization(文明)can’tmoveonwithoutthem.DriveMyCarInRyusukeHamaguchi’sexcellentthree-hourdrama-adaptedfromaHarukiMurakamishortstory—anactorandtheaterdirectorfromTokyoacceptsanewjob.Ayoungwomanhasbeenhiredtodrivehim.Hamaguchimakesupastoryoflossandforgiveness—toencouragepeopletomoveoninhardtimes.C’monC’monJoaquinPhoenixgivesafunnyperformanceasachildlessNewYorkCityradiojournalistwhotakeschargeofhis9-year-oldLosAngelesnephewforafewweeks.Howdoesthatevensoundlikeawholemovie?Butinthehandsofwriter-directorMikeMills,it’severything.Nooneisbetteratrecordinglate20thandearly21stcenturyfamilylove,inallitstough,shiningbeauty.1WhowouldprobablychoosetoseethemovieSummerofSoul?A.Radiojournalists. B.Foreigntourists. C.Theaterdirectors. D.Musiclovers.2.WhichfilmisrelatedtothehistoryofSpain?A.SummerofSoul. B.ParallelMothers. C.DriveMyCar. D.C’monC’mon.3.Whosemoviekeepsagoodaccountoffamilylove?A.MikeMills. B.AhmirThompson. C.PedroAlmodóvar. D.RyusukeHamaguchi.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是2021年最佳电影。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据SummerofSoul部分的“AhmirThompson’sdocumentaryrecordsafreeconcertseriesthattookplaceinaHarlemparkduringthesummerofWoodstockbutreceivedfarlessattention.(AhmirThompson的纪录片记录了伍德斯托克(Woodstock)夏季在哈莱姆(Harlem)公园举办的一系列免费音乐会，但受到的关注要少得多。)”可知，音乐爱好者会选择看SummerofSoul，故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据ParallelMothers部分的“PenelopeCruzgivesagreatperformanceasamotherinmiddleage—evenasshe’stryingtowinjusticeforhergreat-grandfather,murderedduringtheSpanishCivilWar.DirectorPedroAlmodóvarusesthismovietodealwiththepainfulhistoryofhiscountry(佩内洛普·克鲁兹(PenelopeCruz)在片中饰演一位中年母亲，她的表演非常精彩——尽管她试图为在西班牙内战中被谋杀的曾祖父讨回公道。导演佩德罗Almodóvar用这部电影来处理他的国家痛苦的历史)”可知，ParallelMothers与西班牙的历史有关，故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据C’monC’mon部分的“Nooneisbetteratrecordinglate20thandearly21stcenturyfamilylove,inallitstough,shiningbeauty.(没有人比他更擅长记录20世纪末和21世纪初的家庭之爱，它坚韧而闪亮。)”可知，C’monC’mon很好地描述了家庭之爱，再根据此部分的“inthehandsofwriter-directorMikeMills(在编剧兼导演迈克·米尔斯(MikeMills)的手中)”可知，MikeMills很好地描述了家庭之爱，故选A。BIfyouhadtochooseonewordtodescribeKevin,itmightbe“slow.”Hedidn’tlearnhisABCsasfastasotherkids.Henevercamefirstintheschoolyardraces.However,hissmilewasbrightandheshowedgreatinterestineverything.SowhendiscoveringthatRandywasputtingtogetheraboys’basketballteam,Kevinimmediatelyjoined.Atpractice,Kevinworkedsohardthatyou’dhavethoughthewaspreparingfortheNBA.Andthewholeteamtrulylovedbasketball.Butjustlovingthegamedoesn’thelpyouwin.Theylosteverygamethatseasonbyverylargemargin(差距),exceptone…thatnightitsnowedandtheotherteamcouldn’tmakeittothegame.Attheendoftheseason,theboysunfortunatelyplayedagainstthefirst-placeteam.Thegamewentprettymuchasexpected,andnearthemiddleofthefourthquarterKevin’steamstoodnearly30pointsbehind.Atthatpoint,oneofKevin’steammatescalledtime-out.“Coach,thisisourlastgamebutKevinhasnevermadeabasket.Weshouldlethimtry,”saidtheboy.Withthegamecompletelyoutofreach,theideaseemedreasonable.SoeverytimeKevin’steamhadtheball,theywouldgiveittoKevin.Hisfirstshotmissedandhemissedanothershotagain.Thiscontinuedafewmoretimesuntiltheplayerfromtheotherteamgrewwise.Insteadofrunningoffdownthecourt,hethrewtheballtoKevinwhoshot...andmissedagain.Soon,allplayerswerecirclingKevin,throwingtheballtohim.Thewholegymnasiumthunderedwiththeclapping,chanting,“Kevin!Kevin!”Finally,afteramountsoftries,theballwentin.Kevin’sarmsshothighintotheairandheshouted,“Iwon!Iwon!”Thefirst-placeteamremainedunbeaten,butonthatevening,everyoneleftthegametrulyfeelinglikeawinner.4.WhathelpedKevin’steam“win”onegamethatseason?A.Theirimprovedskills. B.Kevin’shardwork.C.Theotherteam’sabsence. D.Thepleasantweather.5.WhydidoneofKevin’steammatescalltime-out?A.Togettheircoach’sdirections. B.TogiveKevinachancetoshoot.C.Tohaveabreakandgatherstrength. D.Todiscussstrategiestowinthegame.6.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Kevin’steamfailedduetohisbadskills. B.Kevin’steammateswereallexperienced.C.Thefirst-placeteamlostthegameintheend. D.AllplayersandaudiencegaveKevinencouragement.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesKevin?A.Positive. B.Generous. C.Independent. D.Creative.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了主人公凯文学东西比很多小孩都慢，但是他总是充满了兴趣。他加入了一支篮球队，在后来的比赛当中，队员们都将球传给凯文，鼓励他进球。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Theylosteverygamethatseasonbyverylargemargin(差距),exceptone…thatnightitsnowedandtheotherteamcouldn’tmakeittothegame.(那个赛季他们以很大的差距输掉了每一场比赛，除了一场……那天晚上下雪了，另一个队没能赶上比赛。)”可知，他们仅赢的一场比赛是因为对手没有参加比赛。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Atthatpoint,oneofKevin’steammatescalledtime-out.“Coach,thisisourlastgamebutKevinhasnevermadeabasket.Weshouldlethimtry,”saidtheboy.(这时，凯文的一个队友叫了暂停。“教练，这是我们最后一场比赛了，但是凯文从来没有投进过球。我们应该让他试试，”男孩说。)”可知，凯文的队友想给凯文投进球的机会。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“SoeverytimeKevin’steamhadtheball,theywouldgiveittoKevin.Hisfirstshotmissedandhemissedanothershotagain.Thiscontinuedafewmoretimesuntiltheplayerfromtheotherteamgrewwise.Insteadofrunningoffdownthecourt,hethrewtheballtoKevinwhoshot...andmissedagain.(所以每次凯文的球队拿到球，他们都会把它传给凯文。他的第一投没中，又一投没中。这种情况又持续了几次，直到另一队的球员变得聪明起来。他没有跑下球场，而是把球扔给了投球的凯文……又没投中。)”以及最后一段的“Soon,allplayerswerecirclingKevin,throwingtheballtohim.Thewholegymnasiumthunderedwiththeclapping,chanting,“Kevin!Kevin!”(很快，所有的球员都围着凯文转，把球扔给他。整个体育馆响起了掌声，高喊：“凯文！凯文！”)”可知，在比赛的最后阶段，大家都把球传给凯文，让他有进球的机会，所有人都在鼓励他。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Hedidn’tlearnhisABCsasfastasotherkids.Henevercamefirstintheschoolyardraces.However,hissmilewasbrightandheshowedgreatinterestineverything.(他学基础知识的速度没有其他孩子快。他从未在校园赛跑中获得第一名。然而，他的笑容很灿烂，对一切都表现出极大的兴趣。)”以及最后一段的“Finally,afteramountsoftries,theballwentin.Kevin’sarmsshothighintotheairandheshouted,“Iwon!Iwon!”(最后，经过多次尝试，球进了。凯文的双臂高高举起，他喊道：“我赢了！我赢了！”)”可知，凯文也许做很多事情没有其他小孩做得好，但他总是满脸笑容，他投篮很多次没中，也没有消极对待，而是一直投到中为止，因此他是一个很积极乐观的人。故选A项。CTheEiffelTowerisoneofthemostfamousbuildingsintheworld.ItwasnamedafterAlexandreEiffelwhoseteamofengineersdesignedit.Itcost£260,000tobuildin1889withmostofthemoneybeingprovidedbyEiffelhimselfandtheFrenchstate.TheEiffelTowerrisestoaheightof985feetandforoverfortyyearsitwasthehighestbuildingintheworld.Thetowerislargelycomposedoftriangulated(三角形的)sectionsandthisallowedtheengineerstobuildthetowersohigh.Originallylookeduponasashort-livedbuilding,theTowerwasbuiltforthe1889World’sFair.ItwastheentrancegatetotheWorld’sFairandoneofanumberofdesignsenteredaspartofacompetition.AlexandreGustaveEiffel’scompanywonthecompetition,sothetowerbecameknownastheEiffelTower.However,itwasMorrisKoechlin,anemployeeofEiffel,whodesignedthethousand-foottower.Andhealsodesignedthestructure(结构)fortheStatueofLiberty.Theoriginalideawasforthetowertobedismantledafteratwenty-yearperiod.However,itwassowellbuiltandengineeredthatitwasdecidedtoleaveitinposition.Thevariouspartsweresowellengineeredthatnotevenonehadtobereturnedtoworkshops.Afterthefirstyearofopeningsomuchmoneyhadbeenraisedfrompeoplevisitingthetowerthatthecostofconstructionwascovered.Afterthat,AlexandreEiffelbecamerich.Lateron,heconductedexperimentsonthetowersuchasusingitasaninstrumentformeasuringairresistanceandatmosphericpressure.In1898itwasdiscoveredthatthetowercouldalsobeusedasagreatradiotower.Thus,theEiffelTowerwassaved.8.Whatmakesthehightowerpossible?A.Itsstructure. B.Itsposition. C.Itsmaterials. D.Itscost.9.Whywasthetoweroriginallybuilt?A.TostandinParisasalandmark. B.Toworkasagreatradiotower.C.TocomparewiththeStatueofLiberty. D.ToserveasthegateoftheWorld’sFair.10.WhichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedwordinParagraph3?A.Setup. B.Burntdown. C.Takenapart. D.Passeddown.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.EiffelTower’shistory. B.EiffelTower’sdesigner.C.AlexandreEiffel’steam. D.AlexandreEiffel’ssuccess.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了曾为了1889年的世界博览会而建造的埃菲尔铁塔原本预计在建成20年后拆除掉，却因其良好的建设和结构而保存下来，并成为世界最著名的建筑之一。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“Thetowerislargelycomposedoftriangulated(三角形的)sectionsandthisallowedtheengineerstobuildthetowersohigh.(这座塔很大程度上是由三角形部分组成的，这使得工程师们可以将塔建得如此之高。)”可知，这座塔的三角结构使得它可以被建得很高。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“Originallylookeduponasashort-livedbuilding,theTowerwasbuiltforthe1889World’sFair.ItwastheentrancegatetotheWorld’sFairandoneofanumberofdesignsenteredaspartofacompetition.(这座塔最初被认为是一座短命的建筑，是为1889年世界博览会建造的。它是世博会的入口，也是众多参展设计之一。)”可知，这座塔是为了1889年的世界博览会而建造的，并作为世博会的入口。故选D项。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段的“Theoriginalideawasforthetowertobedismantledafteratwenty-yearperiod.However,itwassowellbuiltandengineeredthatitwasdecidedtoleaveitinposition.(最初的想法是在20年后拆除这座塔。然而，它建造得如此之好，工程如此之好，以至于决定将它留在原地。)”可知，原本打算在建造20年后拆除掉的，结果因其良好的结构和工程而被留下来了，因此dismantled在此处意为“拆除”。C项takenapart意为“拆掉”，符合语意。故选C项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段的“ItwasnamedafterAlexandreEiffelwhoseteamofengineersdesignedit.Itcost£260,000tobuildin1889withmostofthemoneybeingprovidedbyEiffelhimselfandtheFrenchstate.(建于1889年，耗资26万英镑，大部分资金由埃菲尔本人和法国政府提供。)”以及第二段的“Originallylookeduponasashort-livedbuilding,theTowerwasbuiltforthe1889World’sFair.(这座塔最初被认为是一座短命的建筑，是为1889年世界博览会建造的。)”以及第三段的“Theoriginalideawasforthetowertobedismantledafteratwenty-yearperiod.However,itwassowellbuiltandengineeredthatitwasdecidedtoleaveitinposition.(最初的想法是在20年后拆除这座塔。然而，它建造得如此之好，工程如此之好，以至于决定将它留在原地。)”以及最后一段的“Afterthefirstyearofopeningsomuchmoneyhadbeenraisedfrompeoplevisitingthetowerthatthecostofconstructionwascovered.(在开放的第一年后，从参观这座塔的人那里筹集了如此之多的资金，以至于有足够多的钱来承担其建筑成本。)”可知，本文主要介绍了埃菲尔铁塔的相关历史变化，由一开始为世界博览会而建，计划20年后拆掉，到后来因结构良好而被留下来，再是开放供游客参观能为其支付建筑成本，从而才有现在世界最著名的建筑之一的称号。故本文主要介绍了埃菲尔铁塔的历史。故选A项。DAustralianresearchersarecreatingelectronic“smart”gloveswhichshouldfinallyenablesurgeons(外科医生)topassontheirhard-earnedperfectskillstotrainees.BiomedicalengineerGoughLui,fromtheMARCSInstituteforBrainsaidthatthesmartglovescontaintinyelectronicstorecordthehandmovementsofexperiencedsurgeons.Whenwornbytrainees,theglovescollectdata,includingthetiniestmovements.Thenit’spassedontoascreentoseewherethestudents’handmovementsdifferfromtheirteachers’.TheinspirationbehindthegloveswasaconversationbetweenLuiandLesBokey,oneofAustralia’smostfamoussurgeonsandeducators.Theyrealizedthatsurgerywasrequiringanever-growingrangeofskillstomastermoderntechniquessuchasroboticsurgery,butteachingmethodscouldn’tkeepupwiththem.Inthetraditionaltraining,theexperiencedsurgeonusuallystandsoverastudent’sshouldertoprovideadviceduringoperation.“Often,thesurgeonmightsay,‘thatwasn’tverygood’,butcan’ttellexactlywhatiswrong,”Luisaid.“That’sveryannoyingwhenyou’retryingtomasteraskill.”Onerecenttrainingadvancehasbeensurgicalsimulators(模拟器),butLuisaidtheyare“hugelyexpensive”andarenotalwaysaccessibletohospitaltrainees.Incontrast,Luihopesthegloveswilleventuallybecoupledwithasmartphoneapp,sotraineeswillbeabletopracticetasksathomeforaslittleas$225.Workcontinuesoncreatingtheperfectgloves.ThenextstageforLuiandhisteamistofindthebestwayfortheglovestoprovideguidancethroughafeedbacksuchasasoundtothefingertips,orsomeformofaudiofeedback.Theglovemodelswithmoreversions(版本)continuetobetestedatLiverpoolHospitallaterthisyear.12.Whichisthefunctionoftheelectronic“smart”gloves?A.Makingoperationseasier. B.Correctingthemotiondata.C.Guidingsurgeonstooperatewell. D.Recordingwearers’handmovements.13.WhatcanbeinferredfromtheconversationbetweenLuiandLes?A.Roboticsurgeryrequiresfewskills. B.Surgeonscanpointoutexactmistakes.C.Traditionaltrainingneedsimproving. D.Teachingmethodsareadvancedenough.14.Whatistheadvantageof“smart”glovescomparedtosurgicalsimulators?A.Theyaresmallerinsize. B.Theycanbemoreaccessibletotrainees.C.Theyhavehadmoreversions. D.Theyneedn’tconnecttosmartphoneapps.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.“Smart”GlovesCameintoUseinSurgery B.HumanHandsGiveWayto“Smart”GlovesC.“Smart”GlovesPromiseBetterSurgeryTraining D.SurgeonsInvented“Smart”GlovesforOperations【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是澳大利亚研究人员正在研制一种电子“智能”手套，这将最终使外科医生能够将他们来之不易的完美技能传授给学员。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“BiomedicalengineerGoughLui,fromtheMARCSInstituteforBrainsaidthatthesmartglovescontaintinyelectronicstorecordthehandmovementsofexperiencedsurgeons.(MARCS大脑研究所的生物医学工程师GoughLui说，这种智能手套包含微小的电子设备，可以记录经验丰富的外科医生的手部动作。)”可知，电子“智能”手套的功能是记录佩戴者的手部动作。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Theyrealizedthatsurgerywasrequiringanever-growingrangeofskillstomastermoderntechniquessuchasroboticsurgery,butteachingmethodscouldn’tkeepupwiththem.Inthetraditionaltraining,theexperiencedsurgeonusuallystandsoverastudent’sshouldertoprovideadviceduringoperation.“Often,thesurgeonmightsay,‘thatwasn’tverygood’,butcan’ttellexactlywhatiswrong,”(他们意识到，外科手术需要越来越多的技能来掌握现代技术，比如机器人手术，但教学方法跟不上他们的步伐。在传统的训练中，经验丰富的外科医生通常会站在学生的旁边，在手术过程中提供建议。“通常，外科医生可能会说，‘不太好’，但不能确切地说出哪里出了问题”)可知，从Lui和Les的对话中可以推断出传统训练方法有待改进。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Incontrast,Luihopesthegloveswilleventuallybecoupledwithasmartphoneapp,sotraineeswillbeabletopracticetasksathomeforaslittleas$225.(相比之下，Lui希望这种手套最终能与智能手机应用程序相结合，这样实习医生就能只花225美元在家练习。)”可知，与外科手术模拟器相比，“智能”手套的优势是实习医生更易得到，故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Australianresearchersarecreatingelectronic“smart”gloveswhichshouldfinallyenablesurgeons(外科医生)topassontheirhard-earnedperfectskillstotrainees.(澳大利亚研究人员正在研制一种电子“智能”手套，这将最终使外科医生能够将他们来之不易的完美技能传授给实习医生。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是一种可以将外科医生的技能传授给实习医生的电子“智能”手套，因此最恰当的题目是C选项““Smart”GlovesPromiseBetterSurgeryTraining(“智能”手套带来更好的手术培训)”，故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Nomatterwhereyougo,you’llnoticesomethingspecialaboutthetrees—thefactthattheirbottomsarepaintedwhite.____16____Generallyspeaking,thepurposeofwhitewashingismainlytoprotectthetreefromthesun,weatherandinsects.Let’sgoin-depthtolearnmoreaboutwhitewashinganditsusefulness.Firstly,whitewashingcanblock(阻挡)thesun.TheUVraysareharmfultotreesastheyburntheirbark(树皮)anddamagetheinsidelayers.____17____Inotherwords,onceyouwhitewashyouryoungtrees,theirtrunks’surfaceswon’tgetdryaseasilyanymore.____18____Becausewhitepaintcanreflectthestrongsunlightandhelptreesremaincoolinextremelyhotweather,whichallowstreestospendmoretimeontranspiration(蒸腾作用)andgrowingtheirfruits.Additionally,whentreesarecooler,theyhavelessstress,whichmakesitpossibleforthemtoexchangegasesabitlonger.Manytypesoftreesarelikelytobeinfectedbysomeinsects.Infact,insectscandestroytrees,inspiteoftheirhardbark.Therefore,peoplewhitewashtreesusingpaintandwater.____19____Thepaintitselfpreventsinsectsfromclimbingupthetreeandenteringinsidethroughthecracks.Therefore,ifyouhaveanyyoungtreesinyourgarden,youshouldconsiderwhitewashingthemregularly.____20____A.Whitewashingisknowntoall.B.Whydopeoplepainttreetrunkswhite?C.Meanwhile,whitewashingserveswelltopreventheat.D.However,mostpeoplefocusonprotectingtreesfromthestrongsun.E.Sometimes,theyevenaddsomeoilinthepaintinordertotrapinsects.F.Fortunately,paintingatree’sbottomwhiteissimilartoaddingsuncream.G.Notonlywillyoukeepinsectsoffyourtrees,butalsohelpthemfullygrow.【答案】16.B17.F18.C19.E20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是刷白对树木的好处。【16题详解】空前说“Nomatterwhereyougo,you’llnoticesomethingspecialaboutthetrees—thefactthattheirbottomsarepaintedwhite.(无论你走到哪里，你都会注意到这些树的一些特别之处——它们的底部被漆成白色)”，空后说“Generallyspeaking,thepurposeofwhitewashingismainlytoprotectthetreefromthesun,weatherandinsects.(一般来说，刷白的目的主要是为了保护树木免受日晒、天气和昆虫的侵害)”，因此空格处是发出问题“为什么要这么做”，B选项“Whydopeoplepainttreetrunkswhite?(为什么人们把树干漆成白色？)”提出了问题，和后文的回答相呼应，因此符合语境，故选B。【17题详解】空前说“TheUVraysareharmfultotreesastheyburntheirbark(树皮)anddamagetheinsidelayers.(紫外线对树木是有害的，因为它们会烧毁树皮，破坏内层)”，空后说“Inotherwords,onceyouwhitewashyouryoungtrees,theirtrunks’surfaceswon’tgetdryaseasilyanymore.(换句话说，一旦你刷白了你的幼树，它们的树干表面就不会那么容易干燥了)”，F选项“Fortunately,paintingatree’sbottomwhiteissimilartoaddingsuncream.(幸运的是，把树的底部涂成白色就像涂防晒霜一样)”中的“addingsuncream”和上文的“TheUVraysareharmfultotrees”及后文的“theirtrunks’surfaceswon’tgetdry”相呼应，说明了刷白对保护树木免受紫外线的伤害的作用，因此符合语境，故选F。【18题详解】空格处是本段的主题句，空后说“Becausewhitepaintcanreflectthestrongsunlightandhelptreesremaincoolinextremelyhotweather,whichallowstreestospendmoretimeontranspiration(蒸腾作用)andgrowingtheirfruits.(因为白色涂料可以反射强烈的阳光，帮助树木在极端炎热的天气中保持凉爽，这让树木有更多的时间用于蒸腾和生长果实)”，因此本段主要讲的是刷白可以阻止热量，C选项“Meanwhile,whitewashingserveswelltopreventheat.(同时，刷白可以很好地防止热量)”概括了本段内容，可作为主题句，故选C。【19题详解】空前说“Therefore,peoplewhitewashtreesusingpaintandwater.(因此，人们用颜料和水把树刷成白色)”，E选项“Sometimes,theyevenaddsomeoilinthepaintinordertotrapinsects.(有时，他们甚至会在颜料中加入一些油来诱捕昆虫)”是在上文说“人们用颜料和水”基础上补充说明人们通常还会用什么来刷树木，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。【20题详解】空前说“Therefore,ifyouhaveanyyoungtreesinyourgarden,youshouldconsiderwhitewashingthemregularly.(因此，如果你的花园里有幼树，你应该考虑定期给它们刷白)”，空格处应说明这么做的好处，G选项“Notonlywillyoukeepinsectsoffyourtrees,butalsohelpthemfullygrow.(这样不仅可以防止昆虫叮咬你的树木，还可以帮助它们充分生长)”说明了刷白树的好处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分45分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。2015wasthefirstyearwhentheBlueJayshadmadeittotheplayoffs(季后赛)sincetheirWorldSerieswinin1993.Thatyear,baseballgavemeawholenewwayto____21____withmy9-year-oldson.Hegot____22____aboutplayingbaseball,andwestartedwatchingtheBlueJaysgamestogether,____23____thelanguageofbaseball.Overtheyears,myson’sbaseballdevotionhasprettymuch____24____ourlives.Thencamethepandemic(流行病).Thisspringwasa(n)____25____time,butwatchingtheBlueJaysonTV____26____curedme.Andtherepetitivepatternofthegamewascomfortableandofmuch____27____.No,youdon’tknowwhat’sgoingtohappen,____28____youdoknowtherewillbebaseball.Bysummer,wewerebackatthe____29____towatchmyson’steamplay.Thatgame_____30_____myspirits.Ithelpedmefeellike_____31_____wasgoingbacktonormal.SingingOCanada,_____32_____fortheJaysandfeelingthecrowd’spositiveenergyhelpedmefeellike_____33_____andcelebrationwerepossibleagain.So,yearsfromnow,whenIhearthenamesfromthisseason’steam,Iwillbe_____34_____backtothistime:tothepandemic,andtothereal_____35_____ofbeingabaseballfan.21.A.argue B.meet C.compete D.connect22.A.crazy B.anxious C.particular D.certain23.A.explaining B.describing C.teaching D.learning24.A.brokendown B.takenover C.goneagainst D.broughtout25.A.touching B.inspiring C.discouraging D.frightening26.A.perfectly B.equally C.regularly D.hardly27.A.worry B.relief C.interest D.challenge28.A.or B.so C.and D.but29.A.square B.street C.field D.camp30.A.kept B.weakened C.ruined D.lifted31.A.work B.life C.exercise D.business32.A.cheering B.looking C.sending D.waiting33.A.confidence B.excitement C.friendship D.struggle34.A.invited B.forced C.transported D.observed35.A.joy B.nature C.benefit D.comfort【答案】21.D22.A23.D24.B25.C26.A27.B28.D29.C30.D31.B32.A33.B34.C35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者用棒球和儿子实现了交流，也让疫情不再那么令人沮丧。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一年，棒球给了我一种全新方式来与我9岁的儿子交流。A.argue争论；B.meet遇见；C.compete竞争；D.connect联系。由后文的“withmy9-year-oldson”可知，此处表示“与我9岁的儿子交流”，空格处意为“联系”，故选D。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他对打棒球很着迷，我们开始一起看蓝鸟队的比赛，学习棒球的语言。A.crazy迷恋的；B.anxious担忧的；C.particular特别的；D.certain确定的。由后文的“westartedwatchingtheBlueJaysgamestogether”可知，作者儿子对打棒球很着迷，故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对打棒球很着迷，我们开始一起看BlueJays的比赛，学习棒球的语言。A.explaining解释；B.describing描述；C.teaching教；D.learning学习。由后文的“thelanguageofbaseball”可知，作者陪儿子看比赛，学习棒球的语言。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些年来，我儿子对棒球的热爱几乎占据了我们的生活。A.brokendown发生故障；B.takenover接管；C.goneagainst违背；D.broughtout使显示。由上文的“myson’sbaseballdevotion”可知，作者儿子对棒球的热爱几乎占据了我们的生活，空格处意为“接管”。故选B。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个春天令人沮丧，但在电视上看BlueJays完全治愈了我。A.touching令人感动的；B.inspiring鼓舞人心的；C.discouraging令人沮丧的；D.frightening可怕的。由上文的“thepandemic”可知，在疫情下，这个春天令人沮丧，故选C。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这个春天令人沮丧，但在电视上看BlueJays完全治愈了我。A.perfectly完全地；B.equally平等地；C.regularly定期；D.hardly几乎不。由后文的“curedme”可知，在电视上看BlueJays完全治愈了作者。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：游戏的重复模式让人感到舒服和轻松。A.worry担心；B.relief轻松；C.interest兴趣；D.challenge挑战。由上文的“therepetitivepatternofthegamewascomfortable”可知，游戏的重复模式让人感到舒服和轻松。故选B。【28题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：不，你不知道会发生什么，但你知道会有棒球比赛。A.or或者；B.so因此；C.and和；D.but但是。由上文的“youdon’tknow”和后文的“youdoknow”可知，前后是转折关系，空格处是“但是”，故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：到了夏天，我们回到了球场，看我儿子所在的球队打球。A.square广场；B.street大街；C.field场地；D.camp营地。由后文的“towatchmyson’steamplay”可知，句子表示“我们回到了球场，看我儿子所在的球队打球”，空格处是“场地”，故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那场比赛振奋了我的精神。A.kept保持；B.weakened减弱；C.ruined毁坏；D.lifted举起。由后文的“goingbacktonormal”可知，那场比赛振奋了作者的精神，空格处意为“举起”，故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这让我觉得生活又回到了正常。A.work工作；B.life生活；C.exercise练习；D.business商业。由后文的“wasgoingbacktonormal”可知，句子表示“这让我觉得生活又回到了正常”，故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：唱“OCanada”，为Jays欢呼，感受人群的正能量，让我觉得兴奋和庆祝又有了可能。A.cheering欢呼；B.looking看；C.sending发送；D.waiting等待。由后文的“fortheJays”可知，是为Jays欢呼，故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：唱“OCanada”，为Jays欢呼，感受人群正能量，让我觉得兴奋和庆祝又有了可能。A.confidence自信；B.excitement兴奋；C.friendship友谊；D.struggle挣扎。由上文的“___12_____fortheJaysandfeelingthecrowd’spositiveenergy”和后文的“andcelebration”可知，句子表示“为Jays欢呼，感受人群的正能量，让我觉得兴奋和庆祝又有了可能”，故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，多年以后，当我听到本赛季球队的名字时，我将回到这个时代：回到大流行，回到作为一个棒球迷的真正快乐。A.invited邀请；B.forced强迫；C.transported运送；D.observed观察。由后文的“backtothistime”可知，作者是回到这个时代，空格处意为“运送”，故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，多年以后，当我听到本赛季球队的名字时，我将回到这个时代：回到大流行，回到作为一个棒球迷的真正快乐。A.joy快乐；B.nature大自然；C.benefit好处；D.comfort安慰。由后文的“beingabaseballfan”和上文的“therepetitivepatternofthegamewascomfortableandofmuch____7__”可知，作者作为棒球迷是快乐的，故选A。非选择题部分第二节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）Part1根据句子汉语提示或括号中所给词的正确形式填空，每空一词。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）36.Theagreementcanbereachedifbothcompaniesare________(灵活)andserious.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】flexible【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果双方都灵活认真一点，协议是可以达成的。空格处用形容词作表语，“灵活”的形容词是flexible，故填flexible。37.Steve,________(surround)byloveandkindness,hadahappyandmeaningfulchildhood.（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】surrounded【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：史蒂夫被爱和善良包围着，有一个快乐而有意义的童年。besurroundedby被……包围，此处作状语，省略be，用过去分词形式，根据句意，故填surrounded。38.EverytimeIfeelupset,Ialwaysgoformusic,whichgivesmeasenseof________(satisfy).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】satisfaction【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：每当我感到不安，我总是去音乐，它给我一种满足感。介词of后需接名词作宾语，satisfy的名词为satisfaction“满足感”，不可数名词。故填satisfaction。39.________(admit)youhadaproblemandfacingitdirectlywasthefirststeptoyourrecovery.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】Admitting【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意：承认你有问题并直面它是你恢复的第一步。空格处用动名词admitting作主语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Admitting。40.Traditionally,thebeststudentwouldbeselectedto________（代表）allthegraduatestodeliveraspeechonthegraduationceremony.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】represent【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：按照传统，会选出最优秀的学生代表所有毕业生在毕业典礼上发言。不定式符号to（不定式作目的状语）后接动词原形。根据汉语提示及句意，故填represent。Part2根据句意完成句子，确保语句通顺，词汇、语法运用正确，每空一词。（共5小题；每空1分，满分10分）41.当麦克是一个孩子的时候，他总是倾向于做他擅长的事。WhenMichaelwasalittlechild,he________________dowhathewasgoodatdoing.【答案】①.tended②.to【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“倾向于”，是固定短语tendto，由was可知，句子时态用一般过去时，空格处动词用过去式，故填tended，to。42.尊重他人毕竟是我们社会最重要的美德之一。Respectforothersis________________oneofthemostimportantvirtuesinoursociety.【答案】①.after②.all【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“毕竟”，是固定短语afterall，故填after，all。43.如今这个文化遗产属于全人类，而不仅仅是一个国家。Nowthisculturalheritage________________allhumanbeings,notjustasinglenation.【答案】①.belongs②.to【解析】【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“属于”，是固定短语belongto，由Now可知，句子时态用一般现在时，主语“thisculturalheritage”是单数，因此空格处动词用第三人称单数，故填belongs，to。44.我经历了一段艰难的岁月，但这是我生命的一部分，我将永生难忘。I________________atoughtime,butthiswaspartofmylife,andIwillneverforgetit.【答案】①.went②.through【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“经历”，是固定短语gothrough，由was可知，句子时态用一般过去时，因此空格处动词用过去式went，故填went，through。45.除了担任教授外，她还当地社区做志愿者。________________workingasaprofessor,shealsovolunteersinherlocalcommunity.【答案】①.Apart/Aside②.from【解析】【详解】考查介词短语。Apart/Asidefrom是固定短语，意为“除……以外（还）”，其后要跟名词、代词或是动名词作介词from的宾语。根据空处后的working可知，此处是动名词作宾语，空处应填介词短语，结合语意可知，应填Apartfrom或Asidefrom。故空1填Apart/Aside，空2填from。第三节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）A阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheUnitedKingdom’slongandinterestinghistorycanhelpyoubetterunderstandthecountryand____46____(it)traditions.AlmosteverywhereintheUK,there’s