2022年河南省洛阳市高一下期期末质量检测英语试题

洛阳市2021——2022学年高一质量检测英语试卷注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1,5分，满分7,5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AUpto2019,thereare55worldheritagesitesinChina,whichhasthesamenumberofsitesasItaly.Herearefourofthem.DaliOldTownTheplaceis13kilometersawayfromXiaguaninDaliCity.WithErhaiLaketotheeast,andCangshanMountaintothewest,itsgrandcitywall,traditionalBaiethnicminorityfolkhousesandbeautifulsceneryhavebeenattractingmanyvisitors.Youmayfindsomeinterestingpeopleorfeaturedlocalsouvenirs.Thearchitecturesintheregionarefineandcivillifeshowsitsactiveaspect.TempleofHeavenThissiteislocatedinthesouthofBeijing.Itcoversanareaof2.73millionm2,inwhichthereisaroundstoneplatenamedtheHeavenStone.Standonittomakeashoutorbeatittosomenoiseandtheechowillarisebutseeminglybeahundredtimeslouderthanyouroriginalvoice.JiuzhaigouValleyScenicandHistoricInterestAreaThisarea,northofSichuanProvince,isauniquenaturalwonder.Everyyear,visitorsfromallovertheworldcometoadmirethemountains,lakes,streams,trees,undergroundspringsandwaterfalls,whichmakeJiuzhaigouValleyanareaofoutstandingnaturalbeauty.Thevalleyisalsohometomanyprotectedspeciesofplantsandendangeredanimals.TheLongmenGrottoesLocatedonbothsidesoftheYiRiverinthesouthofLuoyang,Henanprovince,thissitehasmorethan2,300cavesandniches.ThesculpturalartstyleshavegreatinfluenceinChinaandabroad.Ittakesabout30minutesfromtherailwaystationtoLongmenbybus.TheLuoyangPeonyFestivalisheldfromApriltoearlyMayeveryyear,whichisagoodtimeforthoseinterestedinboththeLongmenGrottoesandpeonytovisitLuoyang.21.What’sthecommonfeatureofthefoursites?A.They’reallenormous. B.They’reallhistoricalsites.C.They’realllocatedinBeijing. D.They’reailworldheritagesites.22.WhatcanyouexperienceattheTempleofHeaven?A.Theresponsetoyourvoice. B.Theshoutatyourtopvoice.C.Agoodviewofthetemple. D.Prayforagoodharvest.23.Whichplacewillyougotoifyouareinterestedinextinctspecies?A.DaliOldTown. B.TempleofHeaven.C.JiuzhaigouValleyScenicandHistoricInterestArea. D.TheLongmenGrottoes.【答案】21.D22.A23.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四处中国的世界遗产。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Upto2019,thereare55worldheritagesitesinChina,whichhasthesamenumberofsitesasItaly.Herearefourofthem.(截至2019年，中国共有55处世界遗产，数量与意大利相当。以下是其中的四个)”可知，这四个地点的共同特点是它们都是世界遗产。故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Standonittomakeashoutorbeatittosomenoiseandtheechowillarisebutseeminglybeahundredtimeslouderthanyouroriginalvoice.(站在上面发出一声喊叫或者随着一些声音击打它，回声就会出现，但似乎比你原来的声音大一百倍)”可知，在天坛你能体验到对你声音的回应。故选A。23题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Thevalleyisalsohometomanyprotectedspeciesofplantsandendangeredanimals.(这个山谷也是许多受保护的植物和濒危动物的家园)”可知，如果你对灭绝的物种感兴趣，你可以去九寨沟风景名胜区。故选C。BDavidRockefeller,theworld’soldestbillionaire,diedattheageof101becauseofheartfailureathishomeinPocanticoHills,NewYork.Asabanker,philanthropistandpresidentialadviser,Rockefellerwasworth$3.3billionatthetimeofhisdeath.TheheirtotherenownedRockefellerfortune,borneoutofhisgrandfather’sfoundingoftheStandardOilCompany,wasthe604thrichestpersonintheworldwhenhedied.AgraduateofHarvardUniversity,Rockefellerspent35yearsworkingforChaseManhattanBankandwasknownforhisphilanthropy.Throughouthislife,hedonatedmorethan$2billionofhisfortunetovariousinstitutions.DavidRockefellerarrivedattheNationalArtsAwardsinNewYorkCity.“Noindividualhascontributedmoretothecommercialandpeople’slifeofNewYorkCityoveralongerperiodoftimethanDavidRockefeller,”formerNewYorkCityMayorMichaelBloombergsaidinastatement.DuringmytimeinCityHall,hewasalwaysthereforthecitywhenwecalled.”Atvarioustimes,Rockefellerdonated$100milliontoHarvard,$225milliontotheRockefellerBrothersFundand$100milliontotheMuseumofModernArt.OtherpeopleofhisgenerosityincludedtheCouncilonForeignRelations,theAmericasSociety/CounciloftheAmericasandtheStoneBarnsCenterforFoodandAgriculture.Rockefelleralsoservedasanadvisertomanypresidents,includingGeorgeH.W.Bush.“BarbaraandIweredeeplysadtohearthatourwonderfulfriendDavidRockefeller,hadpassedfromthisgoodearth.Somanyknewhimasoneofthemostgenerousphilanthropists—andbrightestPointsofLight—whosecareandcommitmenttothewidestrangeofworthymadecountlesslivestouchedandlifted,”hesaid.“Wesendourmostsincereandheartfeltcondolencestohischildrenandfamily.’’24.ThelastsentenceinParagraph2istoshowRockefellerwas________.A.ambitious B.successful C.devoted D.determined25.WhatcanweinferfromMichaelBloomberg’sstatement?A.Rockefellerwastheworld’soldestmillionaire. B.Rockefellerwastheworld’srichestmillionaire.C.Rockefellertriedhisbesttocontributetohiscity. D.Rockefellerwasthemostinfluentialtohiscity.26.HowmuchdidRockefellerdonatetohisoldschool?A.$100million. B.$100billion. C.$225million. D.$3.3billion.27.WhichaspectofRockefellerslifedoesthelastparagraphdescribe?A.Hisidentityasabanker. B.Hisidentityasagrandfather.C.Hisidentityasaphilanthropist. D.Hisidentityasapresidentialadviser.【答案】24.B25.C26.A27.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要说明了世界上最年长的亿万富翁大卫·洛克菲勒因心脏衰竭在纽约波坎蒂科山的家中去世，享年101岁。文章介绍了他的个人经历以及对社会的杰出贡献。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“AgraduateofHarvardUniversity,Rockefellerspent35yearsworkingforChaseManhattanBankandwasknownforhisphilanthropy.Throughouthislife,hedonatedmorethan$2billionofhisfortunetovariousinstitutions.DavidRockefellerarrivedattheNationalArtsAwardsinNewYorkCity.(Rockefeller毕业于哈佛大学，在大通曼哈顿银行工作了35年，以慈善事业闻名。在他的一生中，他向各种机构捐赠了超过20亿美元的财产。DavidRockefeller来到纽约参加国家艺术大奖)”可推知，第二段的最后一句话是展示Rockefellers是成功的。故选B。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中““Noindividualhascontributedmoretothecommercialandpeople’slifeofNewYorkCityoveralongerperiodoftimethanDavidRockefeller,”formerNewYorkCityMayorMichaelBloombergsaidinastatement.(前纽约市市长迈克尔·布隆伯格在一份声明中说：“在这么长一段时间内，没有人比大卫·洛克菲勒对纽约市的商业和人们的生活做出的贡献更多了。”)”可推知，Rockefellers尽他最大的努力为他的城市做贡献。故选C。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“AgraduateofHarvardUniversity,Rockefellerspent35yearsworkingforChaseManhattanBankandwasknownforhisphilanthropy.(Rockefeller毕业于哈佛大学，在大通曼哈顿银行工作了35年，以慈善事业闻名)”以及第三段中“Atvarioustimes,Rockefellerdonated$100milliontoHarvard,$225milliontotheRockefellerBrothersFundand$100milliontotheMuseumofModernArt.(Rockefellers先后向哈佛大学捐赠了1亿美元，向洛克菲勒兄弟基金捐赠了2.25亿美元，向现代艺术博物馆捐赠了1亿美元)”可知，Rockefellers给他的母校捐了1亿美元。故选A。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Rockefelleralsoservedasanadvisertomanypresidents,includingGeorgeH.W.Bush.(洛克菲勒还担任过许多总统的顾问，包括GeorgeH.W.Bush)”可知，最后一段描述了Rockefellers的总统顾问身份。故选D。CAUniversityCollegeLondonmodelingreportlookedaturbancarusetoconcludethatcitieshavetobecomecar-freetosurvive.Thestudynotesthenumberofcarsisactuallyincreasingfasterthanthepopulation—in2019,80millioncarswerebuiltwhilethepopulationincreasedby78million.Theproductionofthesecarswereresponsiblefor4%ofglobalcarbondioxideemissions.That’sbiggerthanaviationandalmostasbigasthesteelandconcreteindustries,andthat’sbeforeyouevenfuelorchargethemup.Thestudyauthorsconstructamathematicalmodelwheretimeismoney,andresidentschoosebetweendrivingtheircarsandtakingpublictransportonthebasisofthetimeittakestodothetrip.Itturnedoutthatthemorepeoplewhodecidethatdrivingisfaster,themorecrowdedtheroads,andthelongerthetriptakes.Onesolutionistobuildmoretransitorbikelanesandreducetrafficlanesandparkingtogetmorepeopleoutofcars.Thiswouldmakeitfasterforeveryone.Butthisishardtodo.Therapidgrowthoftheurbanpopulation,landusepolicies,andtheexpansionofsuburbanareasmakeitimpossibletowalkorrideabiketoandfromtheoffice.It’salsoeconomicallycostlytointroduceefficientpublictransportwithhighfrequencyandwithineasywalkingdistance.TherewasareportcomingfromLondonshowingthereareincrediblebattlesovereveryefforttocalmstreetsandreducetraffic.It’sgottothepointwherethedriversclaimtheyactuallyrepresentdisabledpeoplewhohavetodrive,businessesthatneedcustomerswhodrive,andpoorpeoplewhohavetobreathetheexhaust.It’sallupsidedown.Inthepressrelease,Dr.HumbertoGonzalezRamirezsaid,“Currently,muchofthelandincitiesisdedicatedtocars.Ifourgoalistohavemoreliveableandsustainablecities,thenwemusttakepartofthislandandallocateittoalternativemodesoftransportation:walking,cycling,andpublictransport.”28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“aviation”inParagraph1referto?A.Thetrafficjam. B.Theairlineindustry. C.Themodelingindustry. D.Theairpollution.29.TheauthormentionedthemathematicalmodelinParagraph2________.A.toaskpeopletotravelmorebybicycleinsteadofbycarB.toencouragepeopletopayattentiontoenvironmentalproblemsCtoshowtheeffectofincreasedcarproductionontransportationD.toprovetrafficisoneofthemajorcausesofglobalwanning30.What’sDr.Humberto’sattitudetoremovingcarsoutofthecity?A.Doubtful. B.Negative. C.Uncaring. D.Supportive.31.Whattexttypeisthispieceofwriting?A.Anexpositiveessay. B.Anargumentativeessay.C.Anarrativeessay. D.Asciencefiction.【答案】28.B29.C30.D31.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究指出为了生存，城市必须实现无车化。介绍了实现无车化的解决方案以及存在的争议。【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Theproductionofthesecarswereresponsiblefor4%ofglobalcarbondioxideemissions.(这些汽车的生产占全球二氧化碳排放量的4%)”以及画线词后文“andalmostasbigasthesteelandconcreteindustries,andthat’sbeforeyouevenfuelorchargethemup”可知，汽车生产占全球二氧化碳排放量的4%，且在给它们加油或充电之前，说明aviation指的是需要加油或充电的产业，即航空业，故画线词意思是“航空业”。故选B。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Thestudyauthorsconstructamathematicalmodelwheretimeismoney,andresidentschoosebetweendrivingtheircarsandtakingpublictransportonthebasisofthetimeittakestodothetrip.Itturnedoutthatthemorepeoplewhodecidethatdrivingisfaster,themorecrowdedtheroads,andthelongerthetriptakes.(该研究的作者构建了一个数学模型，在这个模型中，时间就是金钱，居民根据出行所需的时间在开车和乘坐公共交通工具之间做出选择。事实证明，认为开车更快的人越多，道路就越拥挤，行驶时间也就越长)”可推知，作者在第二段中提到了数学模型是为了显示汽车产量增加对交通运输的影响。故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Ifourgoalistohavemoreliveableandsustainablecities,thenwemusttakepartofthislandandallocateittoalternativemodesoftransportation:walking,cycling,andpublictransport.(如果我们的目标是拥有更宜居、更可持续的城市，那么我们必须拿出一部分土地，将其分配给其他交通方式：步行、自行车和公共交通)”可推知，Humberto博士对把车移出城市持支持态度。故选D。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“AUniversityCollegeLondonmodelingreportlookedaturbancarusetoconcludethatcitieshavetobecomecar-freetosurvive.Thestudynotesthenumberofcarsisactuallyincreasingfasterthanthepopulation—in2019,80millioncarswerebuiltwhilethepopulationincreasedby78million.(伦敦大学学院(UniversityCollegeLondon)的一份模拟报告对城市汽车使用情况进行了研究，得出的结论是，为了生存，城市必须实现无车化。该研究指出，汽车数量的增长实际上比人口增长更快——2019年，汽车产量为8000万辆，而人口增长了7800万)”结合下文介绍了实现无车化的解决方案以及存在的争议推知，文章是说明性文章。故选A。DDuringahurricane,strongwindshittheland.Windsreachspeedsof250kilometersperhourormore.Someanimalsincludinglizards(蜥蜴),maygetblownaway.Butwithagoodgrip(紧抓),otherscanlivethroughthestorm.Anewstudysuggeststhatsuchhurricanescanactuallyhelplizardstosomedegree.ColinDonihue,ascientistexaminedlizardspeciesonseveralCaribbeanislands.Theprocessbeganin2017,asDonihuewasstudyinglizardpopulationsinTurksandCaicos.Acoupleofweeksafterheandotherresearchersleftthere,thoseislandswerehitbyhurricanes,firstHurricaneIrmaandthenHurricaneMaria.Returningtotheislandayearlater,henoticedthatthepopulationslookeddifferent.Thelizardshesawafterthehurricaneshadlargertoepadsthanthosehe’dexaminedthepreviousyearbeforethehurricanes.Hehaslookedat12islandpopulationsofthelizardspeciesAnolissagrei,andseparatelyanalyzed188AnolisspecieswithpopulationsthatrangefromFloridatoBrazil.Heandhisteamcross-examinedthesizeoftheirtoepadswiththefrequencyandseverity(强度)ofCaribbeanhurricanes.Overthepast70yearsofhurricanedata,theresultstoodout:largertoepadshadacloseconnectionwithmoreserioushurricanes.Thestudybetterexplainedhowevolutionary(进化的)processesarehelpingspeciesbecomestronger,evenasglobalclimatechangethreatenstheirlong-termsurvival.Inthepasthurricanessimplyhaven’tbeencommonenoughtomatterinanevolutionarytimeline.Butduetoclimatechange,therewillbemorehurricanes.Somepopulationscanbecompletelydestroyedbyhurricanes.ButinthecaseofthelizardsDonihuestudied,theonesthatsurvivedtheseviolentstormsweretheoneswithlargertoepads.Andtheirbabiesalsohadsimilarlylargetoepads.Thatsmallchangeintheirbodytellsushowspecieschangeastheenvironmentaroundthemchangesaswell.32.WhatdidColinDonihue’sstudyfind?A.Hurricaneshadaninfluenceonlizards’evolution.B.ManykindsoflizardsexistedontheCaribbeanislands.C.HurricanesIrmaandMariacausedlizards5extinction.D.Thelizardsontheislandswerestrongerthanothers.33.AccordingtoParagraph3lizardswithlargertoepadsmay________.A.haveasmallpopulation B.dowellinfindingfoodC.tendtofightintenselywitheachother D.bespottedwherehurricaneshithard34.Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?A.Humansmustcontributetolizards9development.B.Somespeciesbecomestrongerduetoclimatechange.C.Lizardswillberemovedfromtheearthsoonerorlater.D.Climatechangeoftenbringsdisadvantagestolizards.35.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ThePerfectPlaceforLizardstoLive B.MoreHurricanesHittheCaribbeanIslandsC.HurricanesHelpLizardsGrowStronger D.ToughLifeforLizardsontheCaribbeanIslands【答案】32.A33.D34.B35.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了有研究发现飓风会使得一部分动物包括蜥蜴被吹走，但是一些在飓风中幸存下来的蜥蜴他们的趾垫会变得更大，结果表明飓风对蜥蜴的进化有一定的影响。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Overthepast70yearsofhurricanedata,theresultstoodout:largertoepadshadacloseconnectionwithmoreserioushurricanes.”（过去70多年的飓风数据研究结果很突出地表明，更大的趾垫和更加严重的飓风有关。）可知，研究发现飓风越是厉害，蜥蜴的趾垫会越大。说明飓风影响了蜥蜴趾垫的进化。故选A项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第三句“ButinthecaseofthelizardsDonihuestudied,theonesthatsurvivedtheseviolentstormsweretheoneswithlargertoepads.”（但是在Donihue研究的蜥蜴案例中，那些在猛烈的暴风雨中幸存下来的蜥蜴往往有更大的趾垫。）可知，那些有较大趾垫的蜥蜴在那些经受巨大飓风的地方会被发现。故选D项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Somepopulationscanbecompletelydestroyedbyhurricanes.ButinthecaseofthelizardsDonihuestudied,theonesthatsurvivedtheseviolentstormsweretheoneswithlargertoepads.Andtheirbabiesalsohadsimilarlylargetoepads.Thatsmallchangeintheirbodytellsushowspecieschangeastheenvironmentaroundthemchangesaswell.”（有些物种会被飓风完全摧毁。但是在Donihue研究的蜥蜴案例中，那些在猛烈的暴风雨中幸存下来的蜥蜴往往有更大的趾垫。而且他们的幼崽也同样有大的趾垫。他们身体上一些小的变化告诉我们物种是如何随着环境的变化也发生变化的。）可推测，那些没有被气候变化摧毁的物种会变得更加强大来适应这种气候变化。故选B项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。文章首段介绍了研究表明飓风在一定程度上帮助了蜥蜴的发展。第二段研究者们发现，那些在飓风中存或下来的蜥蜴拥有了更大的趾垫。最后一段总结环境变化能让存活下来的物种更加强大。所以短文的最佳标题为“飓风帮助蜥蜴变得更强”。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TakingonlineclassesfromfarawayFaiqa,a15-year-oldfreshmanatapublichighschool,logsintoherall-remoteclasseseachnightfromPakistaninatimezoneninehoursahead.Max,whoalsoattendsschoolinthesamestate,hasjoinedhisAdvancedPlacementhistoryclassforabouttwomonthsfromGuayaquil,Ecuador.____36____.Duringthepandemic,almostnothingaboutschoolhasbeennormal,soadministratorsandteachershavecomeupwithasolution:____37____.Somestudentsinimmigrantcommunitiesareloggingintoschoolfromthousandsofmilesaway.Itisunclearhowwidespreadthepracticeis.Butout-of-countryloginshavebecomeincreasinglycommonsincelatefallaccordingtoeducatorsinthecountry.____38____,andotherstemporarilylefttheirhomelandtocareforsickrelatives.However,becauseofthepandemic,theyallcan’tcomebackhome.Remoteeducationisreallyusefulforthem.____39____.“Werecognizethatthechallengesofthepandemicmayhavetemporarilychangedcircumstancesforourfamilies,andourschoolsaredeliveringstrongvirtualinstructiontothosewhohavechosentolearnremotely,”Ms.Filson,thedistrict’sspokeswoman,saysinastatement.Maxsaysheisgratefulthatheisstillabletologintoclassesduringthespecialperiodoftime.“____40____,”hesays.A.MissingschoolforalongtimeisreallybadB.SomefamiliespaidavisittoothercountriesC.I’mdesperatetogetbacktotheonlineworldD.studentstakevirtualclassesfromoutsidethestateE.overtwo-thirdsofyoungstudentsfinditeasiertolearnlessonsonlineF.Max’sschoolmate,Naobe,participatesinclassesfromnorthernHondurasG.Theofficialssayitispossibleforstudentstologinfromanywhereintheworld【答案】36.F37.D38.B39.G40.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了疫情期间，国外某些国家采取远程教学的情况。【36题详解】根据上文“Faiqa,a15-year-oldfreshmanatapublichighschool,logsintoherall-remoteclasseseachnightfromPakistaninatimezoneninehoursahead.Max,whoalsoattendsschoolinthesamestate,hasjoinedhisAdvancedPlacementhistoryclassforabouttwomonthsfromGuayaquil,Ecuador.(15岁的Faiqa是一所公立高中的大一新生，她每天晚上都要提前9个小时从巴基斯坦的一个时区登录她的远程课堂。Max也在这个州上学，他从厄瓜多尔瓜亚基尔上了两个月的大学先修历史课)”可知，上文主要列举了不同的学生上课的情况，F选项中Max对应上文中Max。故F选项“Max的同学Naobe参加了来自北洪都拉斯的课程”符合语境，故选F。【37题详解】根据上文“Duringthepandemic,almostnothingaboutschoolhasbeennormal,soadministratorsandteachershavecomeupwithasolution(在疫情期间，学校几乎没有任何正常情况，所以管理人员和教师想出了一个解决方案)”以及后文“Somestudentsinimmigrantcommunitiesareloggingintoschoolfromthousandsofmilesaway.(移民社区的一些学生从数千英里外登录到学校)”可知，后文提到了登录学校，可知本句承接上文说明解决方案是什么。故D选项“学生从州外参加虚拟课程”符合语境，故选D。【38题详解】根据上文“Itisunclearhowwidespreadthepracticeis.Butout-of-countryloginshavebecomeincreasinglycommonsincelatefallaccordingtoeducatorsinthecountry.(目前还不清楚这种做法有多普遍。但据该国教育工作者称，自秋末以来，境外登录已变得越来越普遍)”以及后文“andotherstemporarilylefttheirhomelandtocareforsickrelatives(还有一些人暂时离开家乡照顾生病的亲人)”可知，上文提到境外登录变得普遍，后文则说一些人暂时离开家乡照顾生病的亲人，可见一些家庭去了国外，故B选项“一些家庭去了其他国家”符合语境，故选B。【39题详解】根据后文““Werecognizethatthechallengesofthepandemicmayhavetemporarilychangedcircumstancesforourfamilies,andourschoolsaredeliveringstrongvirtualinstructiontothosewhohavechosentolearnremotely,”Ms.Filson,thedistrict’sspokeswoman,saysinastatement.(该地区发言人菲尔森在一份声明中说：“我们认识到，大流行的挑战可能暂时改变了我们家庭的情况，我们的学校正在向那些选择远程学习的人提供强有力的虚拟教学。”)”可知，后文提到发言人说学校向那些选择远程学习的人提供强有力的虚拟教学，可见官方也允许学生远程上课，在世界任何地方都可以登录。故G选项“官员们表示，学生们在世界任何地方都可以登录”符合语境，故选G。【40题详解】根据上文“Maxsaysheisgratefulthatheisstillabletologintoclassesduringthespecialperiodoftime.(Max说他很感激在特殊的时间段他还能登录到课堂上)”可知，上文提到Max感激特殊时期还是能上课，可知他不喜欢不能上学。故A选项“很长一段时间不上学真的很糟糕”符合语境，故选A。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Duringateamofonlinelearning,theteachershaddonetheirbesttokeepstudents____41____duringtheCOVID-19pandemic.Andstudentsarenowreturningthefavorbysurprisingtheirteacherswithmessagesof____42____.“Iwantedmyprofessorstoknowtheywere____43____foralltheinspiringwordstheysayandtheir____44____,”FaithWilliams,astudentatauniversity,said.“Thisteacher-appreciationactionkept____45____onmyTikTokandineachvideoteachersbrokedowninfrontoftheirstudents,whichwasreallymoving,”shesaid.Williams’ownvideosurprisedher____46____MichaelRapp,gainedimmediateattentionfromviewersandreceived____47____comments.“Rappreally____48____hisstudents’livesandhasgreatpopularityacrosscampus.YoucantellbythecommentsonmyTikTokthatmanystudentslovethecaringand____49____professor,”sheadded.Williamsexplainedthatshe____50____hersurpriseviaamassemailtoherclassmates,encouragingthemtomaketheirownsignsand____51____themwhentoshowthemoff.Asseeninthevideo,itwasperfectly____52____withtheprofessorsayinggoodbyetotheclassasthe____53____termended.“YoucanalwaysfindmeandI’llalwaysbethereif____54____Goodluckwitheverythinginyourlife,”Rappsaid____55____,beforegoingspeechlessatthesightofthesigns.“Thankyou”hesaidwithtearsinhiseyes.“SorryifIgotalittle____56____rightthere,butthankyousomuch.IhopeIhadasmuchof____57____onyouasyoujustdidrighthereforme...That’ssomethingthatIwilldefinitely____58____forever.”Many____59____receivingtheseteacher-appreciationvideosdisplayedthesamereactionasRapp.“Iwillneverforgetthis.Itwasso____60____,”oneofthemsaid.41.A.realistic B.reserved C.motivated D.defensive42A.regret B.persistence C.approval D.gratefulness43.A.appreciated B.invited C.blamed D.preferred44.A.congratulation B.commitment C.ambition D.reference45.A.settingout B.gettingon C.showingup D.droppingout46.A.professor B.mate C.leader D.opponent47.A.usual B.countless C.regular D.memorial48.A.touched B.controlled C.designed D.protected49.A.interesting B.willing C.knowledgeable D.enthusiastic50.A.received B.organized C.recognized D.delayed51.A.convincing B.instructing C.demanding D.promising52.A.added B.seen C.timed D.understood53.A.new B.long C.following D.academic54.A.helped B.found C.lost D.needed55.A.hopefully B.simply C.normally D.fluently56.A.boring B.emotional C.determined D.passionate57A.value B.stimulation C.influence D.relation58.A.respect B.forgive C.host D.remember59.A.universities B.websites C.educators D.publishers60.A.comforting B.fashionable C.common D.sensitive【答案】41.C42.D43.A44.B45.C46.A47.B48.A49.D50.B51.B52.C53.D54.D55.A56.B57.C58.D59.C60.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了大学生FaithWilliams在抖音上发布感谢老师的视频，让她的教授MichaelRapp大吃一惊，视频迅速引起关注，并获得了大量的评论，由此表达了对老师们在COVID-19大流行期间竭尽全力保持学生的积极性的感激之情。【41题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一组在线学习中，老师们在COVID-19大流行期间尽最大努力保持学生的积极性。A.realistic现实的，实际的；B.reserved寡言少语的；C.motivated积极的，主动的；D.defensive防御的。根据语境及下文“Iwantedmyprofessorstoknowtheywere____3____foralltheinspiringwordstheysay…”可知，此处指老师们在疫情期间努力让学生保持对学习的积极性。故选C项。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，学生们也开始回敬老师，向他们表达感激之情，令老师感到惊讶。A.regret后悔；B.persistence坚持不懈；C.approval赞成，许可；D.gratefulness感激。根据语境及下文“Thisteacher-appreciationactionkept____5____onmyTikTok”可知，学生们感谢老师，故选D项。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一所大学的学生FaithWilliams说：“我想让我的教授们知道，他们因为所有鼓舞人心的话语和他们的奉献而受到感谢。”A.appreciated感谢，感激；B.invited邀请；C.blamed责怪；D.preferred更喜欢，宁可。根据下句中“Histeacher-appreciationaction”可知，此处指感谢老师。故选A项。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一所大学的学生FaithWilliams说：“我想让我的教授们知道，他们因为所有鼓舞人心的话语和他们的奉献而受到感谢。”A.congratulation祝贺；B.commitment奉献，投入；C.ambition抱负，雄心；D.reference提及，查阅。根据语境及“alltheinspiringwordstheysay”可知，此处指因老师的鼓励和奉献而感谢他们。故选B项。【45题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：“感谢老师的行为不断出现在我的TikTok上，在每一个视频中，老师们在学生面前崩溃了，这真的很感人。”她说。A.settingout出发；B.gettingon上车；C.showingup出现；D.droppingout退出，退学。根据“andineachvideoteachersbrokedowninfrontoftheirstudents,whichwasreallymoving”可知，她看到感谢老师的行为，所以此处指“出现在我的抖音上”。故选C项。【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：William自己的视频让她的教授MichaelRapp大吃一惊，立即引起了观众的关注，并收到了无数评论。A.professor教授；B.mate伙伴，同伴；C.leader领导；D.opponent对手。根据上文“ineachvideoteachersbrokedowninfrontoftheirstudents”及下文“Rappreally____8____hisstudents”可知，MichaelRapp是老师，故选A项。【47题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：William自己的视频让她的教授MichaelRapp大吃一惊，立即引起了观众的关注，并收到了无数评论。A.usual通常的；B.countless无数的；C.regular有规律的；D.memorial纪念的。根据“gainedimmediateattentionfromviewers”可知，视频引起关注，收到无数的评论。故选B项。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Rapp真的触动了他的学生的生活，在校园里很受欢迎。A.touched感动，触动；B.controlled控制；C.designed设计；D.protected保护。根据“hasgreatpopularityacrosscampus”及下一句“manystudentslovethecaringand____9____professor”可知，Rapp触动了学生的生活。故选A项。【49题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“你可以从我的TikTok上的评论中看出，许多学生喜欢这位充满爱心和热情的教授，”她补充说。A.interesting有趣的；B.willing愿意的，乐意的；C.knowledgeable有见识的，知识渊博的；D.enthusiastic热情的。结合语境及“caring”可知，教授对学生充满爱心又热情。故选D项。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Williams解释说，她通过群发邮件给同学们组织了这次惊喜，鼓励他们制作自己的标语，并指导他们何时展示这些标语。A.received收到；B.organized组织，筹备；C.recognized辨别，认出；D.delayed推迟，延期。根据“viaamassemailtoherclassmates”可知，此处指通过群发邮件组织、安排了这次惊喜。故选B项。【51题详解】考查动词义辨析。句意：Williams解释说，她通过群发邮件给同学们组织了这次惊喜，鼓励他们制作自己的标语，并指导他们何时展示这些标语。A.convincing令人信服；B.instructing指导；C.demanding强烈要求，需要；D.promising承诺。结合语境可知，Williams组织这次惊喜，并指导他们如何展示这些标语。故选B项。【52题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如视频中所示，这段视频正好赶上教授在学期结束时向同学们告别。A.added添加，补充说；B.seen看见；C.timed为……安排时间，选择……的时间；D.understood理解，明白。根据“withtheprofessorsayinggoodbyetotheclass”可知，这段视频正好赶上教授在学期结束时向同学们告别。故选C项。【53题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：正如视频中所示，在学期结束时候，教授向学生们告别的时机恰到好处。A.new新的；B.long长的；C.following接下来的；D.academic学术的。根据“sayinggoodbyetotheclass”可知，此处指学期结束了，academicterm学期，故选D项。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以随时找到我，如果需要的话，我永远在你身边。A.helped帮助；B.found发现，找到；C.lost丢失；D.needed需要。根据“I’llalwaysbethere”可知，此处指如果需要，随时都在。故选D项。【55题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“祝你生活中的一切好运。”Rapp满怀希望地说，但看到这些标语后他说不出话来。A.hopefully有希望地；B.simply简单地；C.normally正常地；D.fluently流利地。根据“Goodluckwitheverythinginyourlife”可知，此处指满怀希望地说。故选A项。【56题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：抱歉我有点激动了，但还是非常感谢你们。A.boring令人厌烦的；B.emotional情绪激动的；C.determined坚定的；D.passionate热情的，狂热的。根据“beforegoingspeechlessatthesightofthesigns.”可知，教授看到标语后说不出话，所以此处指情绪激动。故选B项。【57题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望我对你的影响能像你刚才对我的影响一样大。A.value价值；B.stimulation刺激，激励；C.influence影响；D.relation联系，关系。此处指教授对学生们的影响，haveaninfluenceon对……有影响，故选C项。【58题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我绝对会永远记住的事情。A.respect尊重；B.forgive原谅；C.host主办；D.remember记得。结合“forever”及最后一段中“Iwillneverforgetthis.(我将永远不会忘记)”可知，教授深受感动，将永远记住。故选D项。【59题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多收到这些感谢老师的视频的教育工作者都表现出和拉普一样的反应。A.universities大学；B.websites网站；C.educators教育工作者，教师；D.publishers出版者。根据“receivingtheseteacher-appreciationvideos”可知，收到感谢教师视频的应是教师。故选C项。【60题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它是如此令人欣慰。A.comforting安慰的，令人欣慰的；B.fashionable时尚的；C.common普通的；D.sensitive敏感的。根据语境可知，教师收到学生的感谢应是感到欣慰。故选A项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1,5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Countingdowntheir180-daystayinChina’sspacehome,theShenzhou-13astronautshavestar