高考英语常考中国文化读写专练：清明节+端午节

Lesson5QingmingFestival清明节TheQingming(PureBrightness)Festival,whichisalsocalledtheTombSweepingFestival,isoneofthe24seasonaldivisionpointsinChina,fallingonApril4-6eachyear(ItfallsonApril5in2018).Afterthefestival,thetemperaturewillriseupandrainfallincreases.Itisthehightimeforspringplowingandsowing.ButtheQingmingFestivalisnotonlyaseasonalpointtoguidefarmwork;itismoreafestivalofcommemoration.TheQingmingFestivalseesacombinationofsadnessandhappiness.

Thisisthemostimportantdayofsacrifice.BoththeHanandminorityethnicgroupsatthistimeoffersacrificestotheirancestorsandsweepthetombsofthedeceased.Also,theywillnotcookonthisdayandonlycoldfoodisserved.TheHanshi(ColdFood)FestivalwasusuallyonedaybeforetheQingmingFestival.AsourancestorsoftenextendedthedaytotheQingming,theywerelatercombined.

OneachQingmingFestival,allcemeteriesarecrowdedwithpeoplewhocametosweeptombsandoffersacrifices.Trafficonthewaytothecemeteriesbecomesextremelyjammed.Thecustomshavebeengreatlysimplifiedtoday.Afterslightlysweepingthetombs,peopleofferfood,flowersandfavoritesofthedead,thenburnincenseandpapermoneyandbowbeforethememorialtablet.

Incontrasttothesadnessofthetombsweepers,peoplealsoenjoyhopeofspringonthisday.TheQingmingFestivalisatimewhenthesunshinesbrightly,thetreesandgrassbecomegreenandnatureisagainlively.Sinceancienttimes,peoplehavefollowedthecustomofSpringOutings.Atthistimetouristsareeverywhere.

PeoplelovetoflykitesduringtheQingmingFestival.KiteflyingisactuallynotlimitedtotheQingmingFestival.Itsuniquenessliesinthatpeopleflykitesnotduringtheday,butalsoatnight.Astringoflittlelanternstiedontothekiteorthethreadlooklikeshiningstars,andtherefore,arecalled"god'slanterns."

TheQingmingFestivalisalsoatimetoplanttrees,forthesurvivalrateofsaplingsishighandtreesgrowfastlater.Inthepast,theQingmingFestivalwascalled"ArborDay".Butsince1979,"ArborDay"wassettledasMarch12accordingtotheGregoriancalendar.（374words）◆Helper:division[di'viʒ(ə)n]

分开，分隔plow[plaʊ]犁耕sow[səu]播（种）sacrifice['sækrifais]献祭，供奉minority[mai'nɒriti;mi-]少数,少数民族ethnic['eθnik]少数民族的成员decease[dI'si:s]<律>死亡cemetery['semitri]墓地，公墓simplify

['simplifai]

\o"真人发音"简化incense['insens]

香memorialtablet纪念碑incontrastto[inˈkɔntræsttu:]\o"真人发音"相比之下uniqueness[ju'niːknəs]独特性arbor['ɑ:bə]树木sapling['sæplɪŋ]幼树，树苗◆ChineseBriefIntroduction:清明节是农历二十四节气之一，在仲春与暮春之交，也就是冬至后的第108天，节气是按照阴历制定的。中国汉族传统的清明节大约始于周代，距今已有二千五百多年的历史。清明一到，气温升高，正是春耕春种的大好时节，也是植树的好时节。清明节是一个祭祀祖先的节日，传统活动为扫墓。清明时期，清明扫墓更为盛行。古时扫墓，孩子们还常要放风筝。有的风筝上安有竹笛，经风一吹能发出响声，犹如筝的声音。踏青早在唐代就已开始，历代承袭成为习惯。踏青除了欣赏大自然的湖光山色、春光美景之外，还开展各种文娱活动，增添生活情趣。北宋时期清明节很是普遍，流传下来的张泽端的《清明上河图》描绘的就是北宋徽宗年间清明时节东京汴梁（开封）汴河两岸的人物景象。从2008年开始，中国将清明节认定为法定节假日，放假一天。至2009年，又改为三天。一直延续至今。◆Exercise:I.Questions:1.WhatisitthatisproperforfarmerstododuringtheQingmingFestival?2.WhydowesaytheQingmingFestivalcombinessadnesswithhappiness?3.WhyistherethecustomofSpringOutingsduringtheQingmingFestival?4.WhendoestheChineseArborDayfalleveryyear?II.Writtenwork情景作文：假设你是红星中学高三一班的学生李华，为响应绿化祖国的号召，你班四月十二日去郊区植树，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍植树活动的全过程，给某英文杂志的“绿色行动”专栏写一篇以“GreenActioninOurClass”为题的英文稿件。注意：词数不少于80提示词：郊区suburbs内容要点：（1）骑车去植树（2）植树（3）安插提示牌（4）照相说明：内容要点可用不同方式表达Lesson6DragonBoatFestival TheDragonBoatFestival,the5thdayofthe5thlunarmonth,hashadahistoryofmorethan2,000years.ItisusuallyinJuneintheGregoriancalendar. Therearemanylegendsabouttheevolutionofthefestival,themostpopularofwhichisinmemoryofQuYuan(340-278BC).QuYuanwasministeroftheStateofChuandoneofChina'searliestpoets.InfaceofgreatpressurefromthepowerfulQinState,hesuggestedenrichingthecountryandstrengtheningitsmilitaryforcessoastofightagainsttheQin.However,hewasopposedbynoblemenheadedbyZiLan,andlaterwasforcedtogiveuphispositionandexiledbyKingHuai.Inhisexileddays,hestillcaredmuchforhiscountryandpeopleandwroteimmortalpoemsincludingLiSao(TheLament),TianWen(HeavenlyQuestions)andJiuGe(NineSongs),whichhadfar-reachinginfluences.In278BC,heheardthenewsthatQintroopshadfinallyconqueredChu'scapital,sohefinishedhislastpieceHuaiSha(EmbracingSand)andthrewhimselfintotheMiluoRiver,holdingalargestonetightlywithhisarmsaroundit.Thedayhappenedtobethe5thofthe5thmonthintheChineselunarcalendar.Afterhisdeath,thepeopleofChucrowdedtothebankoftherivertopaytheirrespectstohim.Thefishermensailedtheirboatsupanddowntherivertolookforhisbody.Peoplethrewintothewaterzongzi(pyramid-shapedglutinousricedumplingswrappedinreedorbambooleaves)andeggstomakepossiblefishorshrimpchangedirectionavoidingfromattackinghisbody.Anolddoctorpouredajugofyellowricewineintothewater,hopingtoturnallbeastslivinginwaterdrunk.That'swhypeoplelaterfollowedthecustomssuchasdragonboatracing,eatingzongzianddrinkingrealgarwineonthatday. Dragonboatracingisanecessarypartofthefestival,heldalloverthecountry.Asthegunisfired,peoplewillseeracersindragon-shapedcanoespullingtheoarsharmoniouslyandhurriedly,accompaniedbyrapiddrums,speedingtowardtheirdestination.FolktalessaythegameoriginatesfromtheactivitiesofseekingQuYuan'sbody,butexperts,afterpainstakingandcarefulresearch,concludethatdragonboatracingisasemi-religious,semi-entertainingprogramfromtheWarringStatesPeriod(475-221BC).Inthefollowingthousandsofyears,thegamespreadtoJapan,VietnamandBritainaswellasChina'sTaiwanandHongKong.NowdragonboatracinghasdevelopedintoanaquaticsportsitemwhichfeaturesbothChinesetraditionandmodernsportingspirit.In1980,itwaslistedintothestatesportscompetitionprogramsandhassincebeenheldeveryyear.Theawardiscalled"QuYuanCup." ZongziisanessentialfoodoftheDragonBoatFestival.ItissaidthatpeopleatethemintheSpringandAutumnPeriod(770-476BC).Inearlytimes,itwasonlyglutinousricedumplingswrappedinreedorotherplantleavesandtiedwithcoloredthread,butnowthefillingsaremorevarious,includingjujubeandbeanpaste,freshmeat,andhamandeggyolk.Iftimepermits,peoplewillbatheglutinousrice,washreedleavesandwrapupzongzithemselves.Otherwise,theywillgotoshopstobuywhateverstufftheywant.ThecustomofeatingzongziisnowpopularinNorthandSouthKorea,JapanandSoutheastAsiannations. OntheDragonBoatFestival,parentsalsoneedtodresstheirchildrenupwithaperfumepouch.Theyfirstsewlittlebagswithcolorfulsilkcloth,thenfillthebagswithperfumesorherbalmedicines,andfinallystringthemwithsilkthreads.Theperfumepouchwillbehungaroundtheneckortiedtothefrontofagarmentasadecoration.It’ssaidtobeabletoturnawayfromevil.（639words）◆Helper:theGregorian[gri'gɔ:riən]

\o"真人发音"calendar格里历，阳历legend

['ledʒ(ə)nd]

传说evolution[,iːvə'luːʃ(ə)n;'ev-]

\o"真人发音"演变exile

['eksail;'egz-]

\o"真人发音"流放，放逐glutinous

['gluːtinəs]

黏的，胶质的canoe[kə'nuː]独木舟，轻舟oar[ɔː]桨，橹semi-religious半宗教性的aquaticsports[ə'kwætik;-'kwɒt-]水上运动jujube['dʒuːdʒuːb]枣perfume['pɜːfjuːm]香水,香料pouch[paʊtʃ]

\o"真人发音"小袋herbal['hɜːb(ə)l]药草的，草本的\o"真人发音"\o"真人发音"\o"真人发音"◆ChineseBriefIntroduction: 端午节为每年农历五月初五，又称端阳节、午日节、五月节等。端午节起源于中国，最初是我国人们以祛病防疫的节日，后来传说爱国诗人屈原在这一天死去，也同时成了中国汉族人民纪念屈原的传统节日，以围绕才华横溢、遗世独立的楚国大夫屈原而展开，传播至华夏各地，民俗文化共享，屈原之名人尽皆知，追怀华夏民族的高洁情怀。但部分地区也有纪念伍子胥、曹娥等说，且吴越之地以龙舟竞渡在此日举行部落图腾祭祀的习俗更是早于春秋。端午节有吃粽子，赛龙舟，挂菖蒲、蒿草、艾叶，薰苍术、白芷，喝雄黄酒的习俗。“端午节”为国家法定节假日之一，并被列入世界非物质文化遗产名录。◆Exercise:I.Questions:1.WhendoestheDragonBoatFestivaloccurinChina?2.Whydopeoplefollowedthecustomssuchasdragonboatracing,eatingzongzianddrinkingrealgarwineonthatday?3.HowmuchdoyouknowaboutZongzilike?4.Whydochildrenwearaperfumepouch?5.Haveyoueverseenanydragonboatracing?Ifso,pleasedescribeit.II.Writtenwork1.介绍端午节,包括时间、方式和意义三个方面。110词左右。2.假如你是2018年11月27-29日在浙江省德清举行的首届联合国世界地理信息大会的一名英语志愿者，除了给来自世界各地的运动员提供帮助外，你的另一使命是向他们传播中国文化,其中包括中国传统节日的介绍。请根据下面的提示用英语写一篇短文，向他们介绍中国的端午节。名称端午节历史2000多年时间每年的农历五月初五；初夏，标志着一年最热季节的开始庆祝活动赛龙舟。以前：只有中国人庆祝；现在：越来越多外国人参加赛龙舟活动特色食品把糯米包裹在新鲜的竹叶里的粽子［写作要求］使用5个句子表达全部的内容。［评分标准］句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。3.（2015年北京卷）假设你是红星中学高三李华，请给你的美国朋友Jim写一封信，告诉他你打算参加龙舟训练营，希望他一起参加，邮件的内容包括：

1.介绍训练营的相关内容

(例如；时间，地点，参加者等)；

2.说明你打算参加的原因；

3.询问对方的意向。注意：

1.词数不少于50；

2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

提示词：龙舟训练营

DragonBoatTrainingCamp◆Blessings:1.Fate,letmemeetyou;Happiness,letmeknowyou;Passions,remindsmeofyou;Friendship,letustogether;Information,letmehavetosendyou;Wishyoualltheluck,theDragonBoatFestivalishappy.缘分，让我遇见你;开心，让我认识你;牵挂，让我想起你;友谊，让我们在一起;信息，让我不得不发给你;祝愿你一切都如意，端午节快乐。2.Ifaflowerrepresentsablessing,Isendtoyouthewholespring!Ifawhitecloudrepresentsalucky,Isendtoyouthewholesky!MayIbeabletoputthebestblessingtoyou,andwishyouhappinessontheDragonBoatFestival!如果一朵花代表一个祝福，我送给你整个春天!如果一朵白云代表一份幸运，我送给你整个天空!愿我能把世上最好的祝福带给你，祝端午节快乐!SuggestedAnswers5.TombSweepingFestivalI.Questions:1.Itisproperforfarmerstoplowandsow.2.Notonlyisthisthemostimportantdayofsacrifice,whenpeopleoffersacrificestotheirancestorsandsweepthetombsoftheancestors,butalsotheyenjoyhopeofspringonthisday.3.Becauseitisatimewhenthesunshinesbrightly,thetreesandgrassbecomegreenandnatureisagainlively.It’spropertogoout.4.March12accordingtotheGregoriancalendarII.WrittenworkGreenActioninOurClassApril12ismemorablebecauseourclasshadameaningfulexperienceonthatday.Inthemorning,webicycledtothesuburbstoplanttrees,talkingandlaughingalltheway.Uponarrival,webegantoworkimmediately.Somewerediggingholes.Somewerecarryingandplantingyoungtrees.Otherswerewateringthem.Aftergettingtheworkdone,weputupaboardremindingpeopletoprotectthetrees.Beforeleavingwetooksomephotostorecordourgreenaction.Seeingthelinesoftrees,weallhadasenseofachievement.Wefeelit’sourdutytoprotectandbeautifyourenvironment.6.DragonBoatFestivalI.Questions:1.Itoccursonthe5thdayofthe5thlunarmonth.2.TobeinremembranceofQuYuan,apatriot,whodevotedhimselfforhiscountry.3.Inearlytimes,itwasonlyglutinousricedumplingswrappedinreedorotherplantleavesandtiedwithcoloredthread,butnowthefillingsaremorevarious,includingjujubeandbeanpaste,freshmeat,andhamandeggyolk.4.Becauseitcanbeusedasadecorationandit’ssaidtobeabletoturnawayfromevil.5.seeparagraph3II.Writtenwork1.TheDragonBoatFestival,atraditionalChinesefestival,iscelebratedonthefifthdayofthefifthmonthaccordingtotheChinesecalendar.Itdatesfromover2000yearsago,whichfallsonJune6ththisy