新教材2022版英语外研版选择性必修第一册提升训练：全书综合测评 含解析

全书综合测评

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选

项。

A

PeopleYou'veNeverHeardof

WhoChangedtheWorld

Itisafactthatmostpeoplelivetheirlivesunremarked

byhistory.Whetherbydesignorbyaccident,therearealways

somepioneerswhoseachievementschangedthecourseofhistory

butwhosenamesareunknowntous.

JamesHarrison

JamesHarrisonhassavedthelivesofovertwomillion

peoplebydonatinghisblood1,173times,aGuinnessWorld

Record.Hisbloodproducesarareantibody（抗体）whichcures

thedeadlyRhesusdiseaseinunbornchildren.Ithasalsobeen

usedinthedevelopmentofamedicineanti-D,whichwillcure

theRhesusdiseaseinchildrenforever.

LewisLatimer

AfterhelpingAlexanderGrahamBellobtainhispatentfor

thetelephone,LewisLatimerpatentedacarbonfilament（碳

灯丝），whichallowedlightbulbstoburnforhoursbefore

burningout,muchmoreusefulthanthatinventedbyThomas

Edisonatthattime.Latimerwentontoinventmanyotheruseful

devices,includingadevicewhichcooledandcleanedpatients，

roomsinhospitals.

MauriceHilieman

Notallachievementsrequirebraveryandself-sacrifice.

TakeMauriceHillemanforexample.Hefoundanotherwayto

changetheworld.Hedevelopedthemumpsvaccine（疫苗）after

hisdaughtergottheillness.Andhedidn，tstopthere.Intotal,

hehassingle-handedlydevelopedover40vaccines,including

eightcommonlygiventochildren.Hisworkhassavedmillions

oflivesandpreventedseriousconsequencesduetothe

diseases.

NilsBohlin

In1959NilsBohlinpatentedarevolutionarydesignthat

hassavedmillionsoflives—thethree-pointsafetybelt.After

theinitialresistancefromdriverswhohatedbeingtoldwhat

todo,andevenfortheirowngood,thethree-pointsafetybelt

hasbecomeastandardfeatureinnewcarsaroundtheworld.

1.Whosepatentallowedlightbulbstoburnforhoursbefore

burningout?

A.AlexanderGrahamBell.

B.LewisLatimer.

C.ThomasEdison.

D.NilsBohlin.

2.What'sthesimilaritybetweenJamesHarrisonandMaurice

Hi11eman?

A.Theybothhadspiritsofbraveryandself-sacrifice.

B.Theircontributionssavedthelivesofmanychildren.

C.Theydevotedthemselvestoworkbecauseoffamilymembers.

D.TheybothsetaGuinnessWorldRecord.

3.Whatweredrivers'initialattitudestothethree-pointseat

beltaccordingtothepassage?

A.Theyrefusedtouseit.

B.Theyweresatisfiedwithit.

C.Theyweresurprisedatit.

D.Theygotexcitedaboutit.

B

Iwasbornwithbadeyesight.AthighschoolIcouldn，tread

theblackboard.BythetimeIgottotheUniversityofBathto

studychemistry,ithadgottothepointwhereIcouldn'treally

seeimagesatall,onlythedifferencebetweenlightanddark.

Andafewyearslater,onceIwasinthefirstyearofmyPhD,

Iwasalmostcompletelyblind.

Butclimbingismygreatpassion.Istartedclimbingwhen

Iwasyoung.Mydadtaughtmeeverythingaboutclimbing.When

Iwas11,Iledmyfirstclimbingrouteoutside.Peopleare

usuallyamazedwhentheydiscoverthatnotonlydoIclimb,but

Ialsoleadclimbs.

AtuniversityIjoinedtheMountaineeringClubandwasable

toclimbmuchmorefrequently.Wehadregulartripstoindoor

wallsandwentoutdoorsonweekends.Idevelopedagreatcircle

ofclimbingfriendsandwentonseveraltripstoEurope.After

theseIstartedalpineclimbingandiceclimbing,too.

WhenmysightdroppedtoalevelwhereIcouldnolonger

read,IthoughtImighthavetogiveupleading.ButInever

thoughtIwouldstopclimbing.Ijustlearnttoadaptwiththe

supportofmyfriends.

Peopleoftenaskme,“Whyrockclimbing?Itdoesn,tseem

likeagoodactivityforablindperson.v

ButwhenIthinkaboutthedanger,crossingtheroadisfar

moredangerous,andalso,it'ssomethingwhereI'mnotin

control.

It'squitepossiblethatIwouldn'tbesuchagoodclimber

ifIweren'tblind.IfIdidn，thavethesechallenges,it

wouldn'tfocusme.Thatdeterminationisbuiltthroughmy

disability.

WhenIreachthetopofaclimb,Idon'tgettoappreciate

theview,butthefeelingofachievementisextremelygood.

Climbingisawaytoprovemywayofthinkinginlife.I'm

notdisabled;I'mblindbutable.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEwhentheauthorwent

touniversity?

A.Hecouldn'treadtheblackboard.

B.Hecouldn'tfigureoutlightanddark.

C.Henearlycouldn，tseeimages.

D.Hewasalmostblind.

5.Whatdidtheauthordowhenhecouldn'tread?

A.Hethoughtaboutquittingclimbing.

B.Helearnttoadaptwithothers'help.

C.Hecontinuedleadingclimbs.

D.HewentonseveraltripstoEurope.

6.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Theauthorstartedclimbingattheageof11.

B.TheauthorbeganiceclimbingwhenhegothisPhD.

C.Theauthorisafraidofcrossingtheroad.

D.Theauthorviewsblindnessinapositiveway.

7.Whichcanbestexpressthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.

B.Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.

C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.

D.Theeyeisblindifthemindisabsent.

C

TheSidamolark（西达莫歌百灵），discoveredbyscientistsin

1968,isknownonlyfromasmallareaofsouthernEthiopia.The

birdisoneofthemostancienttypesoflarksknownanywhere.

TheSidamolarkhasbrownfeathers.MaleandfemaleSidamo

larkslookalike.Itcallswithaseriesofquickandshort

sounds,typicallyheardasitflieshighintothesky.The

Sidamolarkhasveryspecialhabitatrequirements,havingonly

beenfoundingrasslandwithafewbushes.Forthousandsof

years,boththewildanimalsandhumanskeptthegrasslandin

goodcondition.Thishabitatisnowbeingdestroyed.Wild

animalsaretoofewtostopbushesgrowing,whilegrowing

agricultureisdamagingthegrassland.TheSidamolarkis

thoughttohaveaverysmallpopulationnow.

TheSidamolarkcouldsoonbethefirstbirdinmainland

Africatodieoutsincemodernrecordsbegan.Researchhasfound

thatjustafewhundredofthelarkssurviveinEthiopia.Unless

actionistakentosaveit,thebirdwilldisappear.Itwill

bethefirstrecordedbirddyingoutonthecontinent.

Tosavethebirdfromextinction,environmentalistshave

suggestedthecreationofsmal1fieldsinwhichcattlecould

eatgrass.Thiswouldstopdamagetothegrasslandandprotect

thegrasscover.Bushesshouldalsoberemoved,whilealimit

shouldbeplacedoncropscoiningfurtherintothebird,s

habitat.

8.WhatkindofhabitatdoestheSidamolarkneed?

A.Grasslandwiththickbushes.

B.Grasslandwithmanywildanimals.

C.Grasslandcoveredwithbusheshereandthere.

D.Grasslandwithafewbushes.

9.WhatdoweknowabouttheSidamolark'shabitatnow?

A.Itisundergoodprotectionnow.

B.Ithasbeenreplacedbysmallfieldsinwhichcattleeat

grass.

C.Itisbeingdamagedbyagriculture.

D.Ithasbeenremovedtosomeotherplaces.

10.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A.ThickbushesareharmfultothesurvivalofSidamolarks.

B.Africahasthemostkindsoflarksintheworld.

C.LarksonlyexistintheAfricanmainland.

D.Larksarefoundwherethereisgrassland.

11.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.TheSidamolark,abeautifulbirdinAfrica

B.TheSidamolarksoontobeextinct

C.ThewaystoprotecttheSidamolark

D.TheSidamolarkanditshabitat

D

Whydon'twehaveeyesinthebackofourheads?Thereare

atleasttworeasons.Eyesarebiologicallyexpensivethingsto

makeandrear-view（后视）eyesdon，tfitwellintothehuman

evolution（进化）.

Evenanimals,suchasrabbits,whosemainsurvival

advantageisrearvision（后视野），haveonlythesideeyes.Rear

visionisnotsoimportant.Thereareotherspeciesthathave

evolvedthisabilitybymovingthepositionoftheireyes

relativetotherestoftheirhead.Manybirdshavetheireyes

positionedtowardsthesideoftheirhead,allowingthemavery-

wideangleofvisionand,inthecaseofsomebirdssuchasthe

woodcock,theyarepositionedsotheycanactuallyachieve

360-degreevision.Itisalsoobviousthatspiders,whichtend

tohavemanyeyes,onlyhavethemfacingforwards.

Humans,andprobablysomeotheranimals,dohaveanother

adaptedsensetomakeitup.Manyexperimentsshowedthatsounds

behindtheheadwerenoticedbyalistenermorethansoundsto

thefront,especiallyifalistenerwasinadarkroom.So,our

earscanmakeupforthelackofrear-facingvision.Youcanlook

atitanotherway.Rearvisionisusefulonlyifthepotential

threatisvisible.Duringhumanevolution,thatwasmostoften

notthecase.

Finally,thereisoftenmorethanonepotential“solution”

toagivenproblem.Inmanyspecies,theanswertomaintaining

360-degreeawarenessofsurroundingdangeristorelyonmany

eyes.Socialbehavioriscommonintheanimalkingdomandone

reasonforthisisthatthereissafetyinnumbers.Youmight

belookingthewrongwaywhenatigerapproaches,butifyour

teammatesraisethealarm,thisisaseffectiveashavingeyes

inthebackofyourhead.

12.Whydohumanshavenorear-vieweyes?

A.Theyarebadforhumansurvival.

B.Theyarereplacedbyotherorgans.

C.Theyarelesslikelytospotthedanger.

D.Theyareabandonedbynaturalselection.

13.WhatisthepurposeofParagraph2?

A.Tostaterear-vieweyesaren'tamustforsurv-ival.

B.Toexplainwhyanimalshaveotherfunctionaleyes.

C.Toproverabbits,birdsandspidersareveryspecial.

D.Toshowrear-vieweyesareagainstthenaturalselection.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inParagraph3refer

to?

A.Sensitivehearing.

B.Thevisiblethreatbehindthehead.

C.Thesoundbehindthehead.

D.Rearvision.

15.Wheredoesthetextmostlikelycomefrom?

A.Atravelbrochure.

B.Fiction.

C.Asciencemagazine.

D.Abookreview.

第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选

项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Sleepinginclasspreventsyoufrompayingattentiontothe

teacheraswel1asstopsyoufromlearningaboutthematerial

thatisbeingtaught.16Itisimportanttodeterminewhyyou

arefallingasleepinclassandtrytochangethesituationso

thatyouareabletostayawakeandpassallofyourclasses.

Thereareanumberofdifferenttricksyoucanusetotryto

stayawake.

Getafullnight'ssleeponschoolnights.Itisreported

thatteenagersmayneedmoresleepthanadults.17Thisis

akeypartofstayingawakeinclass.Ifyouarenottired,you

areunlikelytofallasleep.

Eatahealthybreakfastfullofnutritiousfood.18If

yougethungryortiredinthemiddleoftheday,tryeating

ahealthysnacklikeapieceoffruitorsomebiscuits.

19Ifyouareactivelyengagedintheinformationthe

teacherispresenting,youarelesslikelytodozeoff.Taking

notes,askingquestionsandotherwisegettinginvolvedin

classroomactivitiesanddiscussionswillmakeyoufarless

likelytodozeoff.

Contactyourdoctorinordertoruleoutmedicalconditions

thatcancauseyoutofallasleep.20Prescriptiondrugsmay

alsocausesleepinessasasideeffect,sodiscussanymedicine

youaretakingwithyourdoctor.

A.Getinvolvedduringclass.

B.Earlytobed,earlytorise.

C.Sleepingmorehelpsalotinyourstudy.

D.Itcanalsogetyouintroublewithyourteachers.

E.Itcanprovideyouwithenoughproteintofuelyourbody.

F.Gotobedearlierandmakesureyougetasmanyhoursofsleep

asyourbodyneeds.

G.Ifyouhaveamedicalconditionthatiscausingyoutofall

asleepinclass,itwillneedtobetreatedbyaprofessional.

16.17.18.19.20.

第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）

阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填

入空白处的最佳选项。

Lastnightwasthelastgameformyeight-year-oldson，s

soccerteam.Itwasthefinalquarter.Thescorewastwotoone,

myson，steaminthe21Parentsencircledthefield,

offering22.

Withlessthantensecondsremaining,theball23in

frontofmyson'steammate,MikeyO'Donnel.With24of“Kick

it!”echoing（回响）acrossthefield,Mikeygaveiteverything

hehad.Allroundmethecrowd25.0'Donnelhadscored!

Thentherewassilence.Mikeyhadscoredallright,butin

the26goal,endingthegameinatie.Foramomenttherewas

totalsilence.Yousee,MikeyhasDown,ssyndrome（唐氏综合

征）andforhimthereisnosuchthingasawronggoal.Allgoals

were27byajoyoushugfromMikey.Hehadevenruntohug

the28playerswhentheyscored.

The29wasfinallybrokenwhenMikey,hisfacefilled

with30,grabbedmyson,huggedhimand31,“Iscored!

Iscored!Everybodywon!Everybodywon!”ForamomentIheld

mybreath,notsurehowmysonwould32.Ineednothave

worried.Iwatched,throughtears,asmyson33hishandup

intheclassichigh-fivesaluteandstartedchanting,“Wayto

goMikey!WaytogoMikey!”Withinmomentsbothteams34

Mikey,joininginthechantand35himonhisgoal.

Laterthatnight,whenmydaughteraskedwhohadwon,I

smiledasIreplied,“Itwasatie.Everybodywon.”

21.A.leadB.front

C.endD.advance

22.A.favorB.assistance

C.encouragementD.satisfaction

23.A.stoppedB.rolled

C.arrivedD.pulled

24.A.ordersB.wishes

C.thoughtsD.shouts

25.A.disappointedB.erupted

C.terrifiedD.charmed

26.A.successfulB.different

C.wrongD.standard

27.A.c-o/mpletedB.considered

C.supportedD.celebrated

28.A.excitingB.experienced

C.opposingD.relaxed

29.A.recordB.silence

C.surpriseD.anger

30.A.shameB.sadness

C.joyD.tear

31.A.yelledB.announced

C.provedD.promised

32.A.decideB.shock

C.regretD.react

33.A.putB.held

C.tookD.threw

34.A.defeatedB.recognised

C.searchedD.surrounded

35.A.punishingB.blaming

C.criticizingD.congratulating

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正

确形式。

uOverweightchildrenandteenagersagedbetween5and18

inmainlandChina36(reach)8.5millionin2025,anumber

37surpasses(超过)thepopulationofSpain,“astudysaid.

Accordingtothestudy,amongtheobeseChineseyouth,

millionsofthem38(report)tosufferfromallkindsof

diseases.Italsostatedthatinalltherewouldbe268million

overweightschool-agedchildrenworldwideby2025,39

(include)91millionobesechildren,ifnoeffective40

(measure)couldbetakentostoptheexistingtrends.

Inactivityandtheconsumptionofjunkfoodandsodadrink

contributed41thegrowingnumberofoverweightyouthinthe

world.42(respond)totheincreaseofobesechildrenin

China,theStateCouncilreleasedaguidelinethisyear.43

guidelineaimedtopreventmorechildrenfrombecomingobese

anditurgedthatthelocalgovernmentinChina44(strength)

thetrainingofmedicalstaffaroundchildren，shealthand

promoteknowledgeof45(balance)eatinganddrinkinghabits

amongtheirparents.

36.37.38.39.40.

41.42.43.44.45.

第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

假如你是李华，近日获悉北京2022年冬奥会和冬残奥会(the

2022BeijingOlympicandParalympicWinterGames)志愿者全球

招募工作已启动。请给你的新西兰网友Mark写一封e-mail,要点如

下：

1.鼓励他报名申请；

2.分析原因；

3.随信附上招募公告。

注意：

1.词数80左右；

2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

DearMark,

Yours,

LiHua

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构

成一篇完整的短文。

AVacationwithMyMother

Ihadaninterestingchildhood.Itwasfilledwith

surprisesandamusements,allbecauseofmymother一loving,

sweet,yetabsent-mindedandforgetful.Onestrangefamilytrip

wetookwhenIwaseleventellsalotabouther.

MytwosetsofgrandparentslivedinColoradoandNorth

Dakota,andmyparentsdecidedtospendafewweeksdrivingto

thosestatesandseeingallthesightsalongtheway.Asthe

firstdayofourtripapproached,David,myeight-year-old

brother,andIunwillinglysaidgood-byetoallofour

friends.Whoknewifwe'deverseethemagain?Finally,the

momentofourdeparturearrived,andweloadedsuitcases,

campingequipment,andatentintothecarandbravelydrove

off.Webravelydroveoffagaintwohourslaterafterwe'd

returnedhometogetthepurseandtraveler,schecksMomhad

forgotten.

DavidandIwerealwaysalittlenervouswhenusinggas

stationbathroomsifMomwasdrivingwhileDadslept:"You

standoutsidethedoorandactasalookout（望风者）whenIgo,

andI（11standoutsidethedoorandactasalookoutwhenyou

go.”Ihadterriblepicturesinmymind:"Honey,whereare

thekids?”"What?Oh,mygosh...Ithoughttheywerebeing

awfullyquiet."Wewereneveractuallyleftbehindinastrange

city,butweweren'tabouttotakeanychances.

Onthefourthorfifthnight,wehadtroublefindingahotel

withavacancy.Afterdrivinginvainforsometime,Momsuddenly

gotagreatidea:Whydidn'twefindahousewithabackyard

andaskifwecouldsetupthetentthere?DavidandIbecame

nervous.Toourgreatrelief,Dadturneddowntheidea.Momnever

couldunderstandourobjections（反对）.Ifastrangefamily

showeduponherfrontdoorstep,Momwouldhavebeendelighted.

Shethinkseveryoneintheworldisasniceassheis.Wefinally

foundavacancyinthenexttown.

注意:续写词数应为150左右。

Paragraph1:

Thenextdaywerememberedthebrand-newtentwebrought

withus.

Paragraph2:

%drovethroughseveralstatesandsawlotsofsightsalong

theway.

全书综合测评

l.B2.B3.A4.C5.B6.D7.A

8.D9.C10.A11.B12.D13.A14.B

15.C16.D17.F18.E19.A20.G21.A

22.C23.B24.D25.B26.C27.D28.C

29.B30.C31.A32.D33.A34.D35.D

第一部分阅读

第一节

A

◎语篇解读本文列举了一些不为人所熟知但是却做出巨大贡献的

人。他们分别是献血帮助疾病治疗的吉尼斯世界纪录血液捐赠者

JamesHarrison、拥有碳灯丝等多项发明的LewisLatimer、研发40

多种疫苗的MauriceHilleman和发明三点式安全带的NilsBohlin。

1.B细节理解题。根据第三段第一句AfterhelpingAlexander

GrahamBellobtainhispatentforthetelephone,LewisLatimer

patentedacarbonfilament（碳灯丝），whichallowedlightbulbs

toburnforhoursbeforeburningout,muchmoreusefulthanthat

inventedbyThomasEdisonatthattime.可知，LewisLatimer发

明了碳灯丝的专利，这一专利能让电灯泡在用尽之前持续使用数小时,

这比ThomasEdison那时候发明的灯泡更有用。因此答案为B。

2.B细节理解题。根据题干信息人名可知,答案来源于第二段和第四

段，第二段第一句和最后一句都表明JamesHarrison救了很多人，包

括孩子，第四段的最后两句表明MauriceHilleman发明了很多疫苗，

拯救了很多孩子的生命，因此B选项为两人的共同点，故选Bo

3.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Aftertheinitialresistance

fromdriverswhohatedbeingtoldwhattodo...可推测出，一些

司机最初对安全带是抵制的，与A选项意思相符，因此答案为Ao

【高频词汇】

1.donate匕捐赠2.device〃.装置3.consequence〃.后果

4.initial.最初的5.resistance〃.抵制6.feature〃.特征

长难句分析

原句Whetherbydesignorbyaccident,therearealwayssome

pioneerswhoseachievementschangedthecourseofhistorybut

whosenamesareunknowntous.

分析本句是一个主从复合句。Whether...or...意为“无论...还

是……”。pioneers后面跟了but连接的两个由whose引导的定语

从句。

句意无论是有意的还是偶然的,总有一些先驱，他们的成就改变了

历史的进程,然而他们的名字却不为我们所知。

B

◎语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者喜爱攀登，尽管已经失

明,但他依旧追寻自己的爱好,最终成为一名登山好手的故事。呼吁人

们要勇于追寻内心所向往的事物。

4.C细节理解题。根据第一段中BythetimeIgottothe

UniversityofBathtostudychemistry,ithadgottothepoint

whereIcouldn'treallyseeimagesatall,onlythedifference

betweenlightanddark.（我到巴斯大学学习化学的时候，我已经完

全看不到图像了，只有光和暗的区别。）可知，作者在上大学时几乎看

不见图像，故选C项。根据第一段中AthighschoolIcouldn'tread

theblackboard.可知,A项（他看不清黑板。）是发生在作者读高中时；

根据onlythedifferencebetweenlightanddark可知，作者是可

以分得清光和暗的，故B项（他分不清光明和黑暗。）错误;根据Anda

fewyearslater,onceIwasinthefirstyearofmyPhD,Iwas

almostcompletelyblind.可知，作者几乎失明是在读博士的第一年，

故D项错误。

5.B细节理解题。根据第四段中Whenmysightdroppedtoalevel

whereIcouldnolongerread,IthoughtImighthavetogive

upleading.（当我的视力下降到不能再阅读的水平时一，我想我可能不

得不放弃带路。）以及Ijustlearnttoadaptwiththesupportof

myfriends.（我只是在朋友的支持下学会了适应。）可知，当作者视力

下降到不能阅读时，他在别人的帮助下学会了适应,故选B项。

6.D推理判断题。根据倒数第三段It'squitepossiblethatI

wouldn，tbesuchagoodclimberifIweren,tblind.IfIdidn't

havethesechallenges,itwouldn,tfocusme.Thatdetermination

isbuiltthroughmydisability.（如果我不是盲人，很可能就不会

成为这么好的登山者。如果没有这些挑战,我就无法集中精力。那种

决心是通过我的残疾建立起来的。）可判断，作者能够以积极的方式看

待失明，故选D项。

7.A主旨大意题。根据最后一段Climbingisawaytoprovemyway

ofthinkinginlife.I'mnotdisabled;I'mblindbutable.（攀

岩是证明我的生活思维方式的一种方式。我不是残疾人,我是盲人，

但我是能人。）及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了作者喜爱攀登，尽管

已经失明，但他依旧追寻自己的爱好,最终成为一名登山好手的故事，

呼吁人们要勇于追寻自己内心所向往的事物。由此可知,A项（心之所

愿，无事不成。）能最好地表达这篇文章的中心思想。

【高频词汇】

1.bebornwith天生就有2.passion〃.酷爱;热衷的爱好（或

活动等）3.withthesupportof在...的支持下4.incontrol

在控制之下

长难句分析

原句BythetimeIgottotheUniversityofBathtostudy

chemistry,ithadgottothepointwhereIcouldn，treallysee

imagesatall,onlythedifferencebetweenlightanddark.

分析本句为主从复合句。其中Bythetime引导时间状语从

句;where引导定语从句，修饰先行词point。

句意我到巴斯大学学习化学的时候,我已经完全看不到图像了，只

有光和暗的区别。

C

◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。生活在非洲埃塞俄比亚的西达莫歌

百灵由于栖息地遭到人类的破坏而濒临灭绝。环保主义者为了挽救这

一濒危动物做了很多工作。

8.D细节理解题。由文章第二段中的"TheSidamolarkhasvery

specialhabitatrequirements,havingonlybeenfoundin

grasslandwithafewbushes.”可知选D。

9.C推理判断题。由第二段中的..whilegrowingagricultureis

damagingthegrassland.v可知选C。

10.A推理判断题。由第二段第四句可知，这种百灵鸟喜欢住在有较

少灌木丛的草原上，因此繁茂的灌木丛对它们的栖息不利。

11.B主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了西达莫歌百灵由于栖息地被破坏

而濒临灭绝，因此B项为最佳题目。

【高频词汇】

1.ancientac//.古老的2.aseriesof一系列的3.habitatn.

栖息地4.survive匕幸存；继续存在5.dieout灭绝

6.creationn.仓U造;仓U建

长难句分析

原句Wildanimalsaretoofewtostopbushesgrowing,while

growingagricultureisdamagingthegrassland.

分析本句由while连接,while表示前后情况的对比。too...to...

表示“太...以至于不能....”，stopsb./sth.（from）doingsth.

表示“阻止某人/某物做某事”。

句意野生动物太少以至于不能阻止灌木丛生长,而不断发展的农业

正在破坏草地。

D

◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,介绍了人类的眼睛没有长在脑后的

原因。

12.D细节理解题。根据第一段Whydon'twehaveeyesintheback

ofourheads?Thereareatleasttworeasons.Eyesare

biologicallyexpensivethingstomakeandrear-view（后视）eyes

don'tfitwellintothehumanevolution（进化）.可知，人类之所

以没有后视的眼睛是因为后视的眼睛并不适合人类的进化，被自然选

择抛弃了，故选D项。

13.A推理判断题。根据第二段中Evenanimals,suchasrabbits,

whosemainsurvivaladvantageisrearvision（后视野）,haveonly

thesideeyes.Rearvisionisnotsoimportant.可知，本段主要

通过列举兔子、蜘蛛和鸟类的例子,告诉我们后视的眼睛并不是那么

重要,它并不是生存的必备条件。由此可知,第二段的主要目的是说明

后视的眼睛并不是生存的必要条件,故选A项。

14.B词义猜测题。根据上句Rearvisionisusefulonlyifthe

potentialthreatisvisible.（只有在潜在威胁是可以看见的时候，

后视才有用。）可知，后视只对脑后发生的可见的威胁是有用的。由此

可知，画线词that指代的是“脑后的可见的威胁”，故选B项。

15.C推理判断题。根据第一段Whydon'twehaveeyesintheback

ofourheads?Thereareatleasttworeasons.Eyesare

biologicallyexpensivethingstomakeandrear-view（后视）eyes

don'tfitwellintothehumanevolution（进化）.（为什么我们的

眼睛没有长在脑后?至少有两个原因。眼睛从生物学角度上说是昂贵

的东西，而后视的眼睛并不适合人类的进化。）可知,本文主要向我们

介绍了人类的眼睛没有长在脑后的原因。因此本文是一篇科普知识类

的文章,最有可能选自一本科学杂志，故选C项。

【高频词汇】

1.biologicallyad匕生物学上；从生物学的角度2.evolve匕进

化；（使）逐渐形成，逐步发展，逐渐演变3.position匕安装，安置，

使处于4.makeupfor弥补5.threat〃.威胁6.visibleadj.

可见的

长难句分析

原句Manybirdshavetheireyespositionedtowardstheside

oftheirhead,allowingthemaverywideangleofvisionand,

inthecaseofsomebirdssuchasthewoodcock,theyare

positionedsotheycanactuallyachieve360-degreevision.

分析本句为and连接的并列复合句。前面的分句中，现在分词短语

allowingthemaverywideangleofvision作结果状语。

句意许多鸟的眼睛的位置都朝向头部的一侧,使它们有非常宽阔的

视野,对于一些鸟类,如山鹉,眼睛放置的位置是为了能够真正实现

360度的视野。

住—*-4-R

第一T

◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。在课堂上睡觉会妨碍你听讲。弄清

楚你课上睡觉的原因并改变这种状况对你的学习非常重要。文章就

“如何应对上课睡觉以保持头脑清醒”提供了几种有效的方法。

16.D本空前一句介绍