新教材2024高考英语二轮专题复习小题天天必练阅读理解题型分类练七

阅读理解题型分类练(七)推理推断题——文章出处类A16thiPhonePhotographyAWARDSCallforEntries●CategoriesAbstract,Animals,Architecture,Children,Citylife/Cityscape.LandscapeLifestyle,Nature,People,Portrait,Series(3images),StillLifeTravel,Other.●RequirementsEntriesareopenworldwidetophotographersusinganiPhoneoriPad.Photosshouldnotbepublishedpreviouslyanywhere.Thepostsonpersonalaccounts(Facebook,Instagrametc.)aresuitable.ThephotosshouldnotbechangedinanydesktopimageprocessingprogramsuchasPhotoshop.ItisOKtouseanyIOSapps.Thesubmissionsmustbeintheoriginalsizeornotsmallerthan1，000pixelsineitherheightorwidth.●PrizesAllphotographerscompeteforthe4IPPAWARDSPhotographersoftheYear.GrandPrize,1st,2ndand3rdplace.GrandPrizes:AllentriescompeteforthefamousIPPAPhotographeroftheYearAwardtitle.14GoldBars:The1stplacewinnerofthe14categorieswillwinaGoldBarfromthemostrecognizableprivategoldmint(铸币)intheworld.14PlatinumBars:The2ndand3rdplacewinnersofthe14categorieswillwinaPlatinumBarfromthemostrecognizableprivategoldmintintheworld.CertificatesinallCategories:All1st,2ndand3rdplacewinnersfromeachcategorieswillreceiveaIPPAWARDScertificate.HonorableMentions:IPPAWARDSjudgeswillawardseveralHonorableMentiontoentriestoacknowledgetalentastheyconsiderfit.●HowtoEnter：1．Selecthowmanyimagesyouwanttoenter.2．Followthecheck­outprocesstopaytheentryfee.3．Selectyourimagesandupload;clickheretostart.Ifpossible,pleasenameeachimagewithyournameandthecategoryyouaresubmittinglikethis：“FirstName­LastName­Category.jpg”●Deadline:March31,20241．WhatmakesaqualifiedentryforthecompetitionasaniPhoneuser?A．Anunusedoriginalphoto.B．An800­pixelphoto.C．Atwo­imageSeries.D．Apublishedphoto.2．WhatprizewillyougetifyouwinthesecondplaceinArchitecture?A．GoldBar.B．PlatinumBar.C．HonorableMention.D．Grandprize.3．Wherecanyouseethistextprobably?A．Inaphotographymagazine.B．Inaphotographyguidebook.C．Onawebsite.D．InaniPhoneadvertisement.B[2024·江苏省镇江市高三学情调查]Askbacteriawherethey'dliketolive,andthey'llanswer:akitchensponge(海绵),please.Spongesarethebestplaceforbacteria,capableofhousing54billionbacteriapercubiccentimeter.Inadditiontobeingdamp,airyandloadedwithfoodremains,spongesprovideaperfectphysicalenvironmentforbacteria.Justlikehumans,bacteriapreferdifferentlevelsofinteractionswiththeirpeers.Somebacteriaaremoresocial,whileotherspreferstayingalone.Researchersfoundthatmiddlinglevelsofseparation—similartothatfoundinasponge—maximizethediversityofthecommunity.Scientistsseparateddifferentbacterialstrains(菌株),whichhadbeenengineeredtogivelight,intocompartments(隔间).Theworkshowedthatanenvironmentwithamiddlingnumberofcompartmentspromotesthemostdiversity.Kitchensponge,withallkindsoflargeandsmallholes,notonlyofferanidealnumberofcompartmentsforbacteria,butalsoprovidearangeofvarying­sizedpartiesthatcansuitmoreofthebacteria'sneeds.Inexperimentswithakitchensponge,theresearchersfoundthattheresultingbacterialcommunitywasmorediversethanthoseproducedinliquidcultures,acommonmethodofgrowingbacteriainalaboratory.Fortunately,thebacteriapartyinginyourspongearemostlynonpathogenic.Butifdangerousbacteriadoshowup,thesponge'sspecialstructurewillprobablyhelpthemthrive.“Spongesarenotreallywell­suitedforkitchen，”saysMarkusEgert,amicrobiologist,whodidnottakepartinthestudy.“Thereishardlyanysurfacewithoutbacteriaathome,butthekitchenspongeisprobablythemostpopulateditemathome.”Thegoodnewsisthatit'seasytosolvetheproblem.Brushesareamuchsaferalternative.Andifyouloveyoursponge,don'tuseitformeatjuices.Noneedtoinvitebadbacteriatotheparty.4．Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A．Introducingthetopicofthetext.B．Drawingascientificconclusion.C．Comparingbacteriawithhumanbeings.D．Providingabetterenvironmentforbacteria.5．Whatcanbeinferredfromtheexperiment?A．Bacteriacanberemovedfromhome.B.Bacteriaprefertoreproduceinlargespaces.C.Kitchenspongeswillsoonbereplacedbybrushes.D．Kitchenspongesareidealitemstoproducebacteria.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nonpathogenic”meaninParagraph6?A．Different.B．Safe.C．Healthy.D．Destructive.7．Whereisthepassagemostlikelytakenfrom?A．Acookbook.B．Amagazine.C．Atextbook.D．Anadvertisement.C[2024·石家庄市教学质量检测(一)]OnGrytvikenislandintheSouthAtlanticOceanliestheSouthGeorgiaMuseum,oneofthemostremotemuseumsintheworld.SouthGeorgiaMuseumislocatedintheisland'soldwhalingstation.Whaling,orthehuntingofwhalesfortheirusablenaturalproducts,suchasmeatandoil,ceasedtherein1964.Thebuildingthatnowhousesthemuseumonceservedasthewhalingmanager'shomeandofficeandwentunusedforover20yearsbeforeitopenedtothepublicasamuseumin1992.TherearenopassengerflightstoorfromGrytviken,sothemajorityofvisitorsarriveonaship.Theislanditselfonlyseesabout10,000visitorsayearandtherearenopermanentresidents,onlyagroupof20scientists,maintenancestaff,andmuseumworkerswhobravetheisland'scoldweatherconditions.Travelingtothemuseumrequiresadvanceplanning.SouthGeorgiaMuseumstaffalltraveltotheislandfromabroadforthesouthernhemisphere(半球)spring,ormid­October,andmostcomefromtheUnitedKingdom,around8,000milesnorth.Themuseum,whichoffersfreeadmission,“aimstomakethishistoryandheritageaccessiblebothtothevisitingpublicandtothoseunabletovisitthisremoteregionthrougheducation,exhibitionsandoutreach”.Accordingtoitswebsite,ithousesanaturalhistorycollection,artifacts,exhibitionsrelatedtotheearlyhistoryofsealingandwhalingaswellasAntarcticexplorer,SirErnestShackleton,andmore.Themuseumroomsarenamedafterindividualswhocontributedtothegrowthorconservationoftheislandinsomeway.ThetemperatureisidealforvisitorsOctoberthroughDecember,butsill,daytimehighsdon'toftenreachabove40degreesFahrenheit.Forthosewhoworkthere,Internetaccessispatchyandfreshfoodoptionsarerare.It'snotaplaceforeveryone,butforthestaffthatcallsithomeforpartsoftheyear,it'sauniqueformofparadise.“Steppingawayfromtheworldhasbeenatreat，”saidPierce,oneofthestaff.8．WhatcanwelearnabouttheSouthGeorgiaMuseum?A．Itisaccessibletovisitorsbyair.B．Ithas20maintenanceworkers.C．Itopenedtothepublicin1964.D．Itusedtobeawhalingstation.9．Whoaretheroomsofthemuseumnamedafter?A．Managersofthewhalingstation.B．AdventurersexploringtheAntarctic.C．Thosewhomadecontributionstotheisland.D.Individualswhoconservedwhalesfromextinction.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“patchy”meaninthelastparagraph?A．Poor.B．Easy.C．Free.D．Quick.11．Inwhichcolumnofawebsitecanwefindthistext?A．Animals.B．People.C．Travel.D．News.[答题区]题号1234567891011答案阅读理解题型分类练(七)A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍的是第16届iPhone摄影大赛征集参赛作品的相关状况。1．答案与解析：A微小环节理解题。依据Requirements部分中的“Photosshouldnotbepublishedpreviouslyanywhere.Thepostsonpersonalaccounts(Facebook,Instagrametc.)aresuitable.ThephotosshouldnotbechangedinanydesktopimageprocessingprogramsuchasPhotoshop.”可知，参赛作品以前从未发表过，而且不能有任何的加工处理，也就是必需是未经运用的原创作品。故选A。2．答案与解析：B微小环节理解题。依据Prizes部分中的“14PlatinumBars:The2ndand3rdplacewinnersofthe14categorieswillwinaPlatinumBarfromthemostrecognizableprivategoldmintintheworld.”可知，获得其次名以及第三名的获奖者会获得世界上最知名的私人铸金厂的铂金条。故选B。3．答案与解析：C推理推断题。依据HowtoEnter：部分中的“Selectyourimagesandupload;clickheretostart.”可知，此处表明要在网上上传照片，并点击此处起先，由此推知，该文出现在网上。故选C。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。从科学角度介绍了厨房的海绵是产生细菌的志向物品。4．答案与解析：A推理推断题。依据首段“Askbacteriawherethey'dliketolive,andthey'llanswer:akitchensponge(海绵),please.”以及其次段首句“Spongesarethebestplaceforbacteria,capableofhousing54billionbacteriapercubiccentimeter.”可知，厨房的海绵是细菌的最佳栖息地。且纵观全文，都是在介绍这一话题，由此可推知，第一段的作用是引出文章主题。故选A。5．答案与解析：D推理推断题。依据第四段末句“Theworkshowedthatanenvironmentwithamiddlingnumberofcompartmentspromotesthemostdiversity.”以及第五段首句“Kitchensponge,withallkindsoflargeandsmallholes,notonlyofferanidealnumberofcompartmentsforbacteria,butalsoprovidearangeofvarying­sizedpartiesthatcansuitmoreofthebacteria'sneeds.”可知，厨房海绵是产生细菌的志向物品。故选D。6．答案与解析：B词义揣测题。依据倒数第三段“Fortunately,thebacteriapartyinginyourspongearemostlynonpathogenic.Butifdangerousbacteriadoshowup,thesponge'sspecialstructurewillprobablyhelpthemthrive.”可知，“But”前后为比照关系，其后为“dangerous”，故画线词应为反义词，故为“平安的”。7．答案与解析：B推理推断题。依据首段“Askbacteriawherethey'dliketolive,andthey'llanswer:a