高考英语完形填空讲解示范课课件

Howtodoclozetests?2021/5/91做完形的时候你有以下问题吗？烦慢错不得不做，硬着头皮做，还是错2021/5/92

完形填空考查的是对学生的综合语言运用能力，但是每一个空格的设置并不是随心所欲的，命题人主要通过上下文暗示出的某种信息来保证答案的正确性和唯一性。考生应该通过上下文的暗示获取解题信息，留意暗送的“秋波”，也就是：关键词出题者的初衷2021/5/93自恋一回找“秋波”2021/5/94

一.利用首句信息，推测语篇主旨

完形填空所选短文的第一句通常为主题句，一般不设空。2021/5/95例1

Bodylanguageisthequiet,secretandmostpowerfullanguageofall!Itspeaks36thanwords.Accordingtospecialists,ourbodiessendoutmore37thanwerealize.36.A.straighterB.louderC.harderD.further37.A.soundsB.invitationsC.feelingsD.messages2021/5/96二.寻找暗示信息，重视语境意义上下文？

所谓上下文就是对语境的考查，包括文章语气的一致性、意思的连贯性、表述的合理性、论证的逻辑性等。context2021/5/97

...“He’sa49man.”theclerkatthecountersaid.Mostofuswouldgiveupifwewereblindedatsuchayoungage.49.A.braveB.roughC.smartD.generousgiveupblinded例22021/5/98例3Laterthatdayathome,Ibeganto39considermyteethagain.Ifeltupset.Ithoughtmylifewouldbesomehowbetterifmyteethwerenotgappy.HowIwanttheperfectteeththateveryoneelseseemedtohave!ofcourse,Mom40noticedeverything.Shehaslivedherentirelifewithgappyteeth,andtriedtoconvincemethattherewasnothingto4141A.worryaboutB.putoffC.giveupD.wipeout2021/5/99三.运用习惯搭配，辨析词义，熟悉常见句型

完形填空的四个备选项，往往和空格前后的单词形成某种搭配。首先要注意词义深层内涵的区别。动词的搭配出现的尤其多，往往涉及到动词与名词、介词或副词的搭配。2021/5/910例4“Igrewuponahundred-acrefarmandhadonlycats

37

playmates”Kruger,theseventy-year-oldman,says.“Myhearingwasdamagedbythe38noiseoffarmequipment,soIlearnedtoconnectwith39animals.Theyreacttowhattheyseeandwhatyoudo.”37.A.likeB.asC.exceptD.among2021/5/911

例5ThemostvaluablelessonIgainedfromstudyinginFrancewasn’tjusttorespecttheFrenchpeople19torespectallpeople,foryournextbestfriendcouldbejustacontinentaway.19.A.andB.butC.orD.sonotnot……but不是…而是2021/5/912四.识别语篇标志，理清逻辑关系。有些题目单纯从句子或个别段落来看，或许四个选项都正确，但一旦放入全文，则只有一个“最佳”答案，所以快速浏览全文，领悟文章主旨，把握句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系，通过上下文的语境来选择答案，是做好完形填空的关键。2021/5/913例6Itried23pickinguptrash(垃圾)myself,butthejobwastoobig.Iwould24spendanhourortwoonthejob,onlytofindtheareatrashedalloveragainweekslater.Finally,Igotso

25itthatIdecidedsomethinghadtochange.25.A.satisfiedwithB.delightedinC.tiredofD.usedto2021/5/914例7EllaFantwasamiddleagedladywholivedwithheronlysonJohninasmallhouse.She1Johnverymuch.Inhereyeshecouldn’tdoanything2….A.dependedon B.waitedonC.trusted D.loved2.A.wrong B.great C.good D.strange2021/5/915五.运用生活常识和文化背景知识解题。解答完形填空的一个重要准则就是“合情合理”，选项要符合客观实际，切不可违背生活常识。2021/5/916例8SinceIhatedtobe41(inaccurate),IwentbacktoMr.Johnsonandaskedhimto42(fix)andodometer(里程表)onmybicycle.Heagreed,but43(added),“Anodometerwithoutaspeedometer(速度计)islikea44withoutaknife.”Iadmittedhewasrightandinafewminutes,thetwodevices（装置）were45attachedtothehandlebarsofmybicycle.44.ApencilB.forkC.boxD.cake2021/5/917六.运用语法知识解题。在最近几年的高考完形填空试题中，虽然很少涉及语法知识，但是并不意味着不考查语法知识。复合句是高考语法的考查重点。2021/5/918例9Wedon’thavetotellchildren55theyshouldtakefromthestoryandwhatthemoralis.55.A.that B.what C.which D.whomtellsb.sth.takevt.2021/5/9197.利用原词复现，寻找近义词语完形填空试题中，有些词语常常重复出现在语篇中。要学会运用与选项意义紧密相连的同义词或近义词。2021/5/920例10IfellinlovewithYosemiteNationalParkthefirsttimeIsawit,whenIwas13.Myparentstookusthereforcamping.Onthewayout,IaskedthemtowaitwhileIranuptoELCapitan,a16rockof3,300feetstraightup.Itouchedthatgiantrockandknew17(immediately)Iwantedtoclimbit.Thathasbeenmylife’spassion(钟爱)eversince---18therocksandmountainsofYosemite.16.A.distantB.hugeC.narrowD.loose18.A.imaginingB.paintingC.describingD.climbing2021/5/9211.thefirstsentence首句

2.context

上下文语境3.worddistinctionsorcollocations

词语辨析和固定搭配4.outwardsignsofthepassage

语篇标志语5.culturalbackgroundandcommonsense

文化背景和常识6.grammar语法sixmethods2021/5/922巩固练习（12分钟）Checktheanswers:16-20CDABA21-25BCDBA26-30CDCBA31-40ABACD2021/5/923考查的单词短语1.order预订；订单；命令；次序2.meetwith遇见3.bringup抚养；提出4.workout设计出；计算出；理解；产生结果5.appreciate欣赏；感激6.inspiteof尽管；虽然

7.interms