英语四级高频词,热词,重要句型教材

天灾人祸emergevi.浮现;(问题)发生，暴露【考】emergefrom浮现【例】emergingmarket新兴市场【派】emergencen.形成，出现;emergencyn.紧急情况collapsevi.倒塌;崩溃，突然失败;【例】Theroofcollapsedsuddenly.屋顶突然塌了。infectvt.传染;影响【例】getinfected受感染【派】infectionn.感染wreckvt.毁坏;使…失事;n.失事，残害;精神身体垮掉的人

【例】aplanewreck飞机失事【派】wreckagen.残骸spreadvt.展开;散布，蔓延;涂;n.传播，蔓延【考】spreadout散开伸张，延伸【例】therapidspreadofcholera霍乱的迅速蔓延claimvt.声称，索取，提出要求;(灾难)使死亡n.索赔【考】layclaimto声称对…由权利;claimfor要求【例】WenchuanEarthquakehasclaimed60,000people.汶川地震夺走60,000人的生命.survivevi.幸存;逃出【例】Theminerssurvivedinthemineaccident矿工在矿井事故中幸存下来.【派】survivaln.存活survivorn.幸存者injurevt.伤害，损伤【例】Hewasbadly/severelyinjured.他受重伤dosb/oneselfaninjury使受伤害【派】injuryn.伤害transmitvt.传播，发射;传送，传染【例】Thediseaseistransmittedamongpeople.疾病在人群中蔓延.【派】transmissionn.传播rescuevt.n.营救，救援【考】cometoone’srescue拯救…【例】Survivorswererescuedbyhelicopter.生还者被直升机营救.donatevt.捐赠，赠送【例】todonatemoney/blood捐款/鲜血【派】donationn.donatorn.捐赠人accidentala.意外的，偶然的【例】accidentaldamage意外损伤【派】accidentn.事故，意外;accidentallyad.意外地miserablea.痛苦的，悲惨的，可怜的【例】amiserablecold重感冒【派】miseryn.痛苦fatala.致命的，灾难性的;重大的

【例】fatalmistake重大的过失vulnerablea.易受伤的，脆弱的;难防御的【例】vulnerablefinancialsystem脆弱的金融体系voluntarya.自愿，主动地【例】voluntarycontribution自愿捐款【派】volunteern./vi.志愿者volunteertodosth.自愿做某事disastern.灾难，大祸;彻底失败【例】Oilspillisadisaster.漏油是大灾难.【派】disastrousa.灾难性的faminen.饥荒【例】Thefaminetriggeredwars.饥荒引起了很多战争.destructionn.破坏，毁灭【例】TheAmazonreforestwillbedamagedtodestruction.亚马逊丛林将会被破坏殆尽.【派】destructivea.破坏性的，毁灭性的refugeen.难民【例】arefugeecamp难民营strapn.带，皮带vt.用带扣住;用绷带包扎

【例】tostrapthewound包扎伤口foundationn.基础;基金会;建立【例】educationalfoundations教育基金会welfaren.福利;福利救济【例】socialwelfare社会福利flamen.火焰

【例】burstintoflame猛烈的燃烧【派】flaminga.燃烧的droughtn.干旱，旱灾【例】tocombatthedrought抗旱collisionn.碰撞;冲突【例】accidentalcollision意外碰撞charityn.救济金，施舍;慈善(团体)【考】outofcharity处于仁慈之心【例】acharityperfomance义演【派】charitablea.仁爱的,慈爱的sheltern.遮蔽处;保护vt.庇护;躲避【例】ahomelessshelter收容所【派】sheltereda.遮蔽的，受庇护的hazardn.危害vt.冒风险，试着做【例】hazardone’slife冒生命危险【派】hazardousa.危险的，冒险的工作职业employvt。雇佣;使用【考】intheemployof受雇于【派】employern。雇主;employeen。雇员employmentn。雇佣，工作unemploymentn。失业qualifyvt。(使)胜任，(使)具有资格【考】qualifyforsth。使具有…的资格【派】qualificationn。资格，条件;qualifieda。有资格的assignvt。指派，选派;分配，布置(作业)【派】assignment作业undertakevt。承担，着手做;保证，同意

【考】undertakesth。从事…【派】undertakingn。事业，任务occupyvt。使忙碌，使从事;占领，占用【派】occupationn。职业;occupantn。居住者;occupancyn。占有exertvt。用力;运用，发挥，施加【考】exertoneself努力，尽力;exertallone’sstrength尽某人全力【派】exertionn。努力;发挥，行使altervt。改变;修改衣服【派】alternationn。改变，变更;unaltereda。未被改变的，不变的;alternativen。替换物，选择resignvi。辞职vt。辞去，放弃;使顺从

【考】resignfrom辞职resignto使顺从equala。胜任的，合格的;平等的vt。等于

【考】beequalto相等的;胜任的，合适的【派】equallyad。相等地;equalityn。同等，平等inferiora。劣等的;下级的n。下级，下属【考】beinferiortosth。/sb。比…差，不如…【派】inferiorityn。下级;自卑感capablea。有能力的【考】becapableof能够brillianta。卓越的;光辉的【派】brilliantlyad。辉煌地，灿烂地auxiliarya。辅助的，补助的;附属的;备用的

【例】theauxiliarygenerator备用发电机vacanta。空着的;(职位、工作等)空缺的;(神情)茫然的

【派】vacancyn。空处，空缺enterprisen。企业，事业【考】jointenterprise合资企业【例】withenterpriseandcreativity事业心和创造力huntn。/v。寻找;打猎;追捕【派】huntern。猎人job-hunter找工作的人【考】huntdown对…穷追到底;gohunting打猎;huntfor寻找interviewn。面试candidaten。候选人resumen。简历;摘要v。(中断后)重新开始，恢复

【派】resumptionn。重新开始abilityn。本事，能力;才能【考】tothebestofone’sability尽某人最大努力;theabilitytodosth。从事(某事)的能力graspn。/vt。理解，领会;抓紧，抓牢【考】withinsb。’sgrasp为某人所能及的【例】graspopportunities抓住机会commitmentn。承诺，保证;献身;承担的义务

【例】thecommitmentofthestaff员工的义务grindn。苦差事vt。磨;压迫vi。磨擦得吱吱作响【考】grindforanexam用功准备考试;grindout生拼硬凑地写出grindawayatEnglishstudies刻苦攻读英语;【派】grinder磨工strainn。过度劳累，极度紧张;扭伤vt。扭伤;拉紧vi。尽力

【考】mentalstrain精神紧张intervaln。间隔，间距;幕间(或工间)休息【考】atintervals不时;相隔一定距离subordinaten。部属，下级a。下级的，次要的vt。使处于次要地位，使从属于【考】besubordinateto次要的，从属的deputyn。副职，副手;代表，代理人【考】deputymayor副市长freelancen。自由职业者，独立行动的人a。自由职业者的prospectn。前途，(成功等的)可能性v。勘探，勘察【考】prospectfor勘探，勘察【派】prospectivea。未来的prospectorn。勘探者，采矿者allowancen。津贴，补贴，零用钱【考】makeallowance(s)for考虑到，顾及;体谅;原谅sealn。印，图章;封印，封条;海豹vt。(密)封【考】sealoff封闭，封锁;breaktheseal拆封【派】sealed密封的deadlinen。最后期限医学药物disablevt。使无能力;使残废transplantvt。移植【记】trans(转移)+plant(种植)=移植【派】transplantationn。移植prescribev。开处方【派】prescriptionn。处方diagnosevt。诊断、判断【派】diagnosisn。诊断soothevt。安慰、使平静、减轻、缓和【例】Thismedicineshouldsmoothyoursorethroat。这种药会减轻你的喉痛。alleviatevt。减轻、缓和、缓解

【例】alleviatepain缓解疼痛expirevi。断气、(期限)终止【例】Mydrivinglicenceexpiresnextmonth。我的驾照下个月到期。chronica。慢性的【考】chronicdiseases慢性疾病dizzya。头晕目眩的resistanta。有抵抗力的、抵抗的【派】resistancen。抵抗、阻力immunea。免疫的，不受影响的【派】beimmuneto免于，不受影响的beimmunefrom免除的disordern。混乱、失调【例】economicdisorder经济【记】dis(否定前缀)+order(秩序)discomfortn。不适syndromen。综合症【考】AIDS艾滋病(AcquiredImmuneDeficiencySyndrome)handicapn。缺陷、障碍

【派】handicappeda。有缺陷的【派】disableda。伤残的strainn。拉紧、过劳、扭伤vt。拉伤、使紧张vi。尽力

【派】restrainedvt。抑制，遏制;管制，surgeonn。外科医生【派】surgeryn。外科、外科手术physiciann。内科医生pregnancyn。怀孕、怀孕期

【派】pregnanta。怀孕的remedyn。治疗法、补救办法bacterian。细菌stressn。压力【派】stressfula。有压力的absent-mindedn。心不在焉的医生给她注射以减轻疼痛。bandagen。绷带stroken。中风pharmacyn。药房、药店、药剂学、配药capsulen。胶囊、航天舱、密封舱【例】aspacecapsule太空舱pilln。药片【例】takepills服药tabletn。药片scarn。伤疤、创伤v。留下伤痕人类情感overcomevt战胜，克服例：overcomedifficulties克服困难annoyvt使烦恼，使恼怒派：annoyinga令人恼人的;annoyancen烦恼;annoyeda颇为生气的despairvi绝望;n绝望考：despairof绝望;sbbeindespair某人处于绝望中frustratevt使沮丧，使灰心派：frustrationn挫折;frustratinga令人沮丧的embarrassvt使窘迫，使尴尬派：embarrasseda(某人)尴尬的;embarrassmentn沮丧;embarrassinga(某事)令人尴尬的envyvt嫉妒，羡慕n羡慕，嫉妒neglectvt忽视，忽略n疏忽，忽视考：neglectofduty玩忽职守oppressvt压迫，压制派：oppresseda压抑的，受压迫的;oppressionn压迫admirevt钦佩，赞赏，羡慕派：admirablea令人羡慕;admirationn赞赏，钦佩restrainvt阻止，控制;抑制，遏止考：restrainsbfromdoingsth抑制某人做某事relievevt使轻松，使宽慰;缓解，减轻例：relievepain缓解疼痛;relieveanxiety缓解焦虑complainvt抱怨，诉苦考：complainabout(of)sb/sth抱怨…派：complaintn埋怨insultvt侮辱，辱骂n侮辱，凌辱consciousa意识到的，自觉的考：beconsciousof意识到派：consciousnessn知觉;意识unconsciousa无意识的subconsciousa下意识的self-consciousnessn自我，自觉intensea激烈的，紧张的例：intensecompetition激烈的竞争intensefeelings激烈的情感派：intensityn强度;intensivea密集的eagera热切的，渴望的考：eagertodosth渴望做某事optimistica乐观(主义)的考：beoptimisticaboutsth对…乐观positivea确实的，明确的，积极的考：positiveeffect积极作用negativea负面的，消极的panicn恐慌，慌乱vi使恐慌，使惊慌失措例：Thecrowdpanicedatthesoundoftheexplosion爆炸声一响，人群便惊慌起来jealousa嫉妒的，猜忌的考：bejealousofsth对…嫉妒upsetvt使心烦意乱;a心烦的，苦恼的;n不安考：sthupsetsb某事使某人心烦意乱sbbeupsetaboutsth某人对某事苦恼派：upsettinga令人心烦意乱的sympathetica同情的，体谅的考：besympatheticto/with同情派：sympathizev体谅;sympathyn同情concernn关切的事;关心;关系例：beconcernedabout/with/to对…很关心hatredn憎恶，憎恨affectionn喜爱，感情，爱慕之情派：affectionatea爱的，挚爱的passionn激情，热情，酷爱派：passionatea激情的preferencen喜爱，偏爱，优先(权)派：prefervt倾向于stressn压力，紧张派：stressfula紧张的gratituden感激，感谢派：gratefula感激的文化艺术civilizevt.使文明;使开化派：civilizationn.文明，文化inspirevt.鼓舞，激起;给…以灵感考：inspiresb.withsth./inspiresth.insb.激起某人的…,使某人产生…派：inspiringa.鼓舞人心的;inspiration灵感;inspireda.受灵感启示的composevt.组成，构成;创作，为…谱曲;使平静考：becomposedof由…组成;composeoneselftodosth.静下心来做某事派：compositionn.作品;compositea.混合的n.合成物drawvt.画，描绘;拖vi.(向某方向)移动n.平局;抽签考：drawnear临近，来临;drawon利用;临近drawin(汽车或火车)到站;drawup起草;(使)停住;representvt.作为…的代表;表示;描绘派：representationn.表现;代表;representationala.表象的;representativen.代表a.(of)有代表性的convertvt.(使)转变，(使)转化;(使)改变信仰(或态度等)派：conversionn.转变;皈依preachvt.宣讲(教义)，布道;竭力鼓吹vi.布道，说教modifyvi.修改，更改;(语法上)修饰派：modificationn.更改，修正concretea.实在的，具体的，混凝土制的n.混凝土例：concreteevidence具体的证据relevanta.有关的，切题的考：berelevantto与…有关派：relevancen.有关，相关;irrelevanta.不相关的;不切题的originala.起初的;新颖的;原版的n.原件，原作派：originalityn.创意，新奇profounda.深度的，深远的;知识渊博的，见解深刻的;深奥的派：profoundlyad.深度地remarkablea.值得注意的，引人注目的;异常的，非凡的派：remarkablyad.显著地abstracta.抽象的;抽象派的n.摘要;抽象派艺术作品vt.摘要考：intheabstract抽象地，在理论上派：abstracteda.抽象的;abstractionn.抽象概念，抽象化状态supplementn.增补(物);增刊vt.增补，补充派：supplementarya.增补的supplementationn.增补，补充symboln.符号派：symbolizev.象征;symbolica.象征的;符号的orchestran.管弦乐队派：orchestrala.管弦乐的;orchestrationn.管弦乐编曲rhythmn.节奏，韵律派：rhythmicala.有韵律的，有节奏的tunen.曲调，曲子;vt.为(乐器)调音;调整，调解考：intune(with)(与...)一致;outoftune调不准，走调，不协调;tunein(to)收看，收听architectn.建筑师，设计师，缔造者派：architecturen.建筑，建筑学;architecturala.建筑上的religionn.宗教;宗教信仰例：theIslamicreligion伊斯兰教派：religiousa.宗教的，虔诚的beliefn.相信，信任;信念;想法考：inthebeliefthat希望;beyondbelief难以相信;shakeone’sbelief改变某人的想法;havegreatbeliefinsb.非常信任某人balconyn.阳台boltn.螺栓，插销vt.栓vi.逃跑考：nutsandbolts具体细节aboltfrom/outoftheblue晴天霹雳，意外事件conjunctionn.结合，联合;连(接)词考：inconjunctionwith与…共同tonen.腔调，语气;音调;色调vt.增强考：tonedown(使)缓和，柔和;toneup增强sketchn.草图;梗概;素描v.素描考：sketchout简要地叙述派：sketchingn.草图pursuitn.追求，追赶[常pl.](花时间和精力的)事，消遣考：inhotpursuits穷追不舍literaturen.文学;文献，图书资料例：romanticliterature浪漫主义文学galleryn.美术馆，画廊;(议会等的)旁听席例：anartgallery一间艺术画廊;thepublicgallery旁听席社会道德reformvt。/n。改革，改造【考】welfarereform福利改革【例】Theyreformedthevotingsystem他们改革了投票制度【派】reformern。改革者reformismn。改革主义demonstratevt。展示，论证;vi。举行示威游行【考】demonstrateagainst游行反对…【派】demonstrationn。示威inspectvt。检查，视察【考】inspectsth/sbfor检查，察看【派】inspectorn。检查员inspectionn。检查interferevi。干涉，介入【考】interferein/with干扰，妨碍appeasevt平息【例】Therewasacleverattempttoappeasethepeople。这是平息人们怒火的好方法。reconcilevt使协调，使和解

【考】reconcileto使顺从于commitvt犯(错误、罪行)，使承诺，把…托付【考】commitsuicide自杀commitoneself使承担义务becommittedtosth。致力于…verifyvt核实，查对【例】Bill’sstatementwasverifiedbyseveralwitnesses吉姆被裁定有罪，同时也被免去了军衔。stripvt剥夺，脱去…的衣服【例】Jimwasfoundguiltyandstrippedofhisrank。比尔的陈述得到了几位目击者的证实。investigatevt。调查，研究【例】Policewereinvestigatingthecauseofanexplosion警方正在调查一起爆炸事件的起因。【派】investigationn。调查dependvi。依靠的，依赖的【考】dependonsb。依靠，依赖【派】dependenta。依靠的bedependentonsb。依赖某人resistvt。抵制【例】Manypeopleresistchange。很多人不喜欢变化。【派】resistanta。抵制的;resistancen。抵制contemporarya当代的n当代人【例】contemporaryliterature当代文学morala道德的【例】moralsense道德观moralstandard道德标准【派】moralityn。道德moralismn。道德教育nativea出生的，当地的【考】nativespeaker说母语的人realistica现实的，实际可行的【例】Isthatarealistictarget?这是一个现实的目标吗?responsiblea有责任的【考】beresponsibleforsth对某事负责wickeda邪恶的【例】Thecriminaldeniedthathehaddoneanythingwicked罪犯否认他做过邪恶的勾当。helplessa无助的【例】thehelplessvictim无助的受害者ethicn伦理，道德标准【例】professionalethics职业道德guidelinen指导原则guidelinesoftheemployment雇佣的指导方针rumorn谣言【例】rumorhasitthat……有谣言声称immigrantn移民【例】illegalimmigrants非法移民individualn个人a个人的【例】thewelfareofindividual个人的福利【派】individualismn。个体主义individualityn。个性consequencen后果，结果【考】negativeconsequence不良后果commercialconsequence商业后果【派】consequenta。随之发生的consequentlyad。因此statusn地位，身份【例】socialstatus社会地位populationn人口【例】thedensityofpopulation人口的密度crimen犯罪【例】commitcrime犯罪abusen虐待，滥用【例】drugabuse吸毒，childabuse虐待孩童【派】abusivea。辱骂的gangn一帮，一伙【例】agangofrobbers一群强盗【派】gangster黑帮社会热点civilserviceexaminations公务员考试shanzhaiculture“山寨”文化self-employment自主创业juveniledelinquency青少年犯罪grateful感恩informationsecurity信息安全shortageofpower缺电shoppingbymedia媒体购物job-hopping跳槽housingproblem住房问题payattentiontosocialmorality讲究社会公德fakediplomas假文凭childabuse虐待儿童causealarmandattention引起警惕和关注agingofpopulation人口老龄化rushintothecity冲进城市topaybyinstallments分期付款unemployment失业poseathreatto构成威胁trafficlight交通灯residentialarea住宅区slums贫民区文化教育diploma文凭first-ratefacilities一流的设施pre-schooleducation学前教育educationalsystem教育体制dropoutstudent失学儿童expandyourhorizons开阔视野compulsoryeducation义务教育eliminateilliteracy扫盲integratewithotherpeople与人交往interpersonalskill人际交往能力educationforall-rounddevelopment素质教育educationalexpert教育专家impartknowledgeandeducatepeople教书育人relyonscienceandeducationtorejuvenatethenation科教兴国teachstudentsaccordingtotheiraptitude因材施教beexposedtonewideas/experience接触各种新思想/新体验broadenone’soutlook/expandone’smentalhorizons开阔眼界givefullplaytoone’sability充分发挥能力校园生活Part-timejob兼职工作economicburden经济负担workingexperience工作经历competitionandcooperation竞争与合作tuition学费coursearrangement课程安排extracurricularactivities课外活动distanceeducation远程教育requiredcourse/compulsorycourse必修课takeanexamination参加考试liveoutsidecampus住在校外foodservices饮食applicationform申请表withdraw/drawcash取钱instructor辅导老师studentunion学生会undergraduate本科生postgraduate研究生credit学分degree学位体育健康lungcancer肺癌smoking-relateddiseases抽烟引起的疾病loseweight减肥goonadiet节食undertheweather生病、不舒服flight-headed头昏眼花drowsy昏昏欲睡flu流感epidemics瘟疫rampant猖獗的contractinfections得传染病pickupthehabit养成这种习惯physicalandmentalcondition身体与精神状态overweight/fat肥胖的mentallyunhealthy精神不健全的begoodfor/dogoodto对??有益处goodlivinghabits良好的生活习惯takeregularexercise进行有规律的运动unhealthyeatinghabit不健康的饮食习惯junkfood垃圾食品stay/keephealthy/fit保持健康buildupone’sbody/improveone’shealth强身健体生态环境populationgrowth人口增长globalwarming全球变暖depletionoftheozonelayer臭氧层变薄airpollution空气污染waterpollution水污染noisepollution噪音污染endangeredspecies濒临灭绝的物种renewableresources可再生资源protectforestresources保护森林资源environmentalracism环境歧视energyproduction能源制造ecologicalbalance生态平衡exertadisastrouseffecton产生灾难性的影响petroleum石油pursueone’sshort-terminterest追求眼前利益solarenergy太阳能habitatdestructionandspeciesextinction居住环境破坏与物种灭绝forthefuturegenerations/forourdescendants为了子孙后代rawmaterials原料网络科技cyberculture计算机文化onlineloveaffairs网恋netbar网吧shoppingonline网上购物cyberchat网上聊天virtualnet虚拟网络netpartner网友surfontheInternet网上冲浪netcitizen网民cyberspace网络空间cybercollege网络大学convenientandeffective方便有效e-bank电子银行killtime打发时间informationsecurity信息安全thepopularityofcomputer电脑的普及beaddictedto对??上瘾campusnetwork校园网络releaseone’spressure减轻压力e-mail电子邮箱中国意念词(Chinesenesses)八卦trigram阴、阳yin,yang道Dao(cf.logo)江湖(世界)thejianghuWorld(thetraits’world)e.g.Youcan’tcontroleverythinginatraits’world.(人在江湖，身不由己)道Daoism(Taoism)上火excessiveinternalheat儒学Confucianism红学(《红楼梦》研究)redology世外桃源Shangri-laorArcadia开放kaifang(Chineseopennesstotheoutsideworld)大锅饭gettinganequalshareregardlessoftheworkdone伤痕文学scarliteratureortheliteratureofthewounded不搞一刀切noimposinguniformityon…合乎国情，顺乎民意toconformwiththenationalconditionsandthewillofthepeople乱摊派，乱收费impositionofarbitraryquotasandservicecharge铁交椅iron(lifetime)post’s;guaranteedleadingpost脱贫toshakeoffpoverty;anti-poverty治则兴，乱则衰Orderleadstoprosperityandchaostodecline中华民族的喜庆节日(ChineseFestivial)国庆节NationalDay中秋节Mid-AutumnDay/Festival春节SpringFestival元宵节LanternFestival儿童节Children’sDay端午节DragonBoatFestival妇女节Women’sDay泼水节Water-SplashingDay教师节Teachers’Day五四青年节YouthDay中国独特的传统饮食(UniqueTraditionalChineseFoods)馄饨wonton锅贴guotie(friedjiaozi)花卷steamedtwistedrolls套餐setmeal盒饭boxlunch;Chinesetake-away米豆腐ricetofu魔芋豆腐konjaktofu米粉ricenoodles冰糖葫芦astickofsugar-coatedhaws(orapples,etc.)火锅chafingdish八宝饭eight-treasurericepudding粉丝glassnoodles豆腐脑jelliedbeancurd中国新兴事物(NewlySproutedThings)中国电信ChinaTelecom中国移动ChinaMobile十五计划the10thFive-YearPlan中国电脑联网Chinanet三峡工程theThreeGorgesProject希望工程ProjectHope京九铁路BeijingCKowloonRailway扶贫工程Anti-PovertyProject菜篮子工程VegetableBasketProject温饱工程Decent-LifeProject安居工程EconomyHousingProject扫黄Porn-PurgingCampaign西部大开发Go-WestCampaign特有的一些汉语词汇禅宗ZenBuddhism禅dhyana;dhgaya混沌chaos道Daosim,thewayanditspower四谛FourNobleTruth八正道EightfoldPath无常anity五行说TheoryofFiveElements无我anatman坐禅mettaortranscendentalmeditation空sunyata虚无nothingness双喜doublehappiness(中)，adoubledstrokeofluck(英)小品wittyskits相声cross-talk噱头;掉包袱gimmick,stunt夜猫子nightpeople;night-owls本命年thisanimalyearofsb.处世之道philosophyoflife姻缘yinyuan(prefixedfateofmarriage)还愿redeemawish(vows)具有文化特色的现代表述大陆中国MainlandChina红宝书littleredbook红色中国socialistChina四化FourModernizations终生职业job-for-life铁饭碗ironricebowl大锅饭communalpot关系户closely-relatedunits外出打工人员migrantworkers关系网personalnets,closely-knittedguild五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)：theFiveMeritsfocusondecorum,manners,hygiene,disciplinesandmorals四美(心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美)：theFourVirtuesaregoldenheart,refinedlanguage,civilizedbehavior,andgreenenvironment中国古代独特事物(UniqueAncientChineseItems)宣纸ricepaper衙门yamen叩头kowtow孔子Confucius牌楼pailou;pai-loo武术wushu(ChineseMartialArts)功夫kungfu;kungfu中庸thewayofmedium(cf.GoldenMeans)中和harmony(zhonghe)孝顺toshowfilialobedience孝子dutifulson家长familyhead三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲threecardinalguides:rulerguidessubject,fatherguidessonhusbandguideswife五常：仁、义、理、智、信fiveconstantvirtues:benevolence(humanity),righteousness,propriety,wisdomandfidelity八股文eight-leggedessays多子多福：Themoresons/children,themoreblessing/greathappiness养儿防老：raisingsonstosupportoneinone’soldage见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译基层监督grass-rootssupervision基础税率basetarifflevel婚介所matrimonialagency婚外恋extramaritallove婚纱摄影bridephoto黑心棉shoddycotton机器阅卷machinescoring即开型奖券scratch-openticket/lottery集中精力把经济建设搞上去goalloutforeconomicdevelopment价格听证会publicpricehearings甲A球队DivisionASoccerTeam家政服务householdmanagementservice加强舆论监督ensurethecorrectorientationismaintainedinpublicopinion假帐accountingfraud叫板challenge;pickaquarrel矫情uselamearguments渐进式台独gradualTaiwanindependence借调temporarilytransfer扩大中等收入者比重Raisetheproportionofthemiddle-incomegroup.扩大内需，刺激消费expanddomesticdemandandconsumption2016年6月英语四级考试翻译重点词汇盘点1.alterv.改变，改动，变更2.burstvi.n.突然发生，爆裂3.disposevi.除掉;处置;解决;处理(of)4.blastn.爆炸;气流vi.炸，炸掉5.consumev.消耗，耗尽6.splitv.劈开;割裂;分裂a.裂开的7.spitv.吐(唾液等);唾弃8.spillv.溢出，溅出，倒出9.slipv.滑动，滑落;忽略10.slidev.滑动，滑落n.滑动;滑面;幻灯片11.bacterian.细菌12.breedn.种，品种v.繁殖，产仔13.budgetn.预算v.编预算，作安排14.candidaten.候选人15.campusn.校园16.liberala.慷慨的;丰富的;自由的17.transformv.转变，变革;变换18.transmitv.传播，播送;传递19.transplantv.移植20.transportvat.运输，运送n.运输，运输工具21.shiftv.转移;转动;转变22.varyv.变化，改变;使多样化23.vanishvi.消灭，不见24.swallowv.吞下，咽下n.燕子25.suspicionn.怀疑，疑心26.suspiciousa.怀疑的，可疑的27.milda.温暖的，暖和的;温柔的，味淡的28.tendera.温柔的;脆弱的29.nuisancen.损害，妨害，讨厌(的人或事物)30.insignificanta.无意义的，无足轻重的;无价值的31.acceleratevt.加速，促进32.absolutea.绝对的，无条件的;完全的33.boundaryn.分界线，边界34.braken.刹车，制动器v.刹住(车)35.catalogn.目录(册)v.编目36.vaguea.模糊的，不明确的37.vainn.徒劳，白费38.extincta.绝灭的，熄灭的39.extraordinarya.不平常的，特别的，非凡的40.extremea.极度的，极端的n.极端，过分41.agentn.代理人，代理商;动因，原因42.alcoholn.含酒精的饮料，酒精43.appealn./vi.呼吁，恳求44.appreciatevt.重视，赏识，欣赏45.approvev.赞成，同意，批准46.stimulatevt.刺激，激励47.acquirevt.取得，获得;学到48.accomplishvt.完成，到达;实行49.networkn.网状物;广播网，电视网;网络50.tiden.潮汐;潮流51.tidya.整洁的，整齐的52.tracevt.追踪，找到n.痕迹，踪迹53.torturen./vt.拷打，折磨54.wandervi.漫游，闲逛55.waxn.蜡56.weavev.织，编57.preservev.保护，保存，保持，维持61.abusev.滥用，虐待;谩骂62.academica.学术的;高等院校的;研究院的63.academyn.(高等)专科院校;学会64.batteryn.电池(组)65.barriern.障碍;棚栏66.cargon.(船、飞机等装载的)货物67.careern.生涯，职业68.vesseln.船舶;容器，器皿;血管69.verticala.垂直的70.obligev.迫使，责成;使感激71.obscurea.阴暗，模糊72.extentn.程度，范围，大小，限度73.exteriorn.外部，外表a.外部的，外表的74.externala.外部的，外表的，外面的75.petroln.汽油76.petroleumn.石油77.delayvt./n.推迟，延误，耽搁78.decayvi.腐烂，腐朽79.decenta.像样的，体面的80.routen.路;路线;航线81.ruinv.毁坏，破坏n.毁灭，[pl.]废墟82.saken.缘故，理由83.satelliten.卫星84.scalen.大小，规模;等级;刻度85.templen.庙宇86.tediousa.乏味道，单调的，87.tendvi.易于，趋向88.tendencyn.趋向，趋势89.ultimatea.极端的，最大的，最终的n.极端90.undergov.经历，遭受91.abundanta.丰富的，充裕的，大量的92.adoptv.收养;采用;采纳93.adaptvi.适应，适合;改编，改写vt.使适应94.bachelorn.学士，学士学位;单身汉95.casuala.偶然的，碰巧的;临时的;非正式的96.trapn.陷阱，圈套v.设陷阱捕捉97.vacanta.空的，未占用的98.vacuumn.真空，真空吸尘器99.orala.口头的，口述的，口的100.opticsn.(单、复数同形)光学作文总结1)Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemaysafelydrawtheconclusionthat…从以上的讨论我们可以肯定地得出结论，即…2)Takingallthesefactorsintoconsideration,wenaturallycometotheconclusionthat…把所有这些因素加以考虑，我们自然会得出结论…3)Overall,thereiscompellingevidencethat…,anditfollowsthatinthisrespect…总的说来，令人信服的证据是…，而且在这方面随之而来的是…4)Theanalysiswehavemadeleadstoasoundideathat…由我们的分析得出一个正确的见解，即…5)Takingintoaccountallthesefactors,wemayreasonablycometotheconclusionthat…考虑所有这些因素，我们可能会得出合理的结论…6)Therefore,wecanreachthefollowingconclusion…因此，我们可以得出这样的结论…7)Theevidenceuponallsidesleadstoajustconclusionthat…基于各方面证据，就产生这样一个公正的结论。8)Alltheanalysisjustifiesanunshakableviewthat…所有分析证实了一个不可动摇的观点，即…9)Allreliableevidencepointstothefactthat…所有可靠的证据都表明这一事实…10)Alltheevidencesupportsanunmistakableconclusionthat…所有的证据都支持一个毫无疑问的结论…(1)用于描写漫画、图表的常用句型①Asthegraphdepicts,…②Fromthecartoon/picture,wecanseethat…③Accordingtothestatisticsshowninthefirst/secondgraph,④Thetableshows/indicates/revealsthat…⑤Itcanbeseen/concludedfromthepicture/table/figuresthat…(2)用于句首提出论题或现象的句型①Recently,…hasbecomethefocusofthesociety.②…hasbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourday-to-daylife.③Nowadaysthereisagrowingconcernfor…④Nowadaysitiscommontohear/see…⑤…hasbecomeacommonoccurrenceinourdailylife.⑥Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplearebeginningtobeawareoftheseriousnessof…⑦Itisonlyduringthelast/pastfewyearsthatmanhasbecomegenerallyawarethat…⑧Thereisanold/popularsaying/proverbwhichsays/goes…⑨Inrecentyears,thereisageneraltendency…⑩Nowadays…hasbecomeaproblemwehavetoface.(3)用于比较、阐述不同观点的常用句型①Somepeoplelike/prefer…,whileothersare/feelinclinedto…②Therearedifferentopinionsamongpeopleasto…Somebelieve…wholehold…③Somepeopleclaimthat…issuperiorto…Others,however,disagreewithit.④Somepeoplebelieve…Othersmaintain…Stillothersclaim…⑤Somepeoplesuggest…Others,however,holdtheoppositeopinion.⑥Ontheonehand,peopletendto…Ontheotherhand,theyfeel…⑦Somepeoplearguethat…Others,incontrast,believethat…⑧Althoughmoreandmorepeoplecometobelieve…therearestillotherswhoinsistthat…⑨Onthecontrary,therearepeopleinfavorof…⑩Therearesomepeoplewhoholddifferentopinionsabout…(4)用于陈述个人观点/想法的常用句型①Myownexperiencetellsmethat…②Inmyopinion,weshouldattackmoreimportanceto…③Asformyownideaabout…Ibelieve…④AsfarasIamconcerned,Iplanto…⑤Personally,Iprefer…⑥Inmyview,bothsidesarepartlyrightinthat…⑦Butforme,Iwouldrather…⑧Myownpointofviewisthat…⑨Inconclusion,Isupportthestatementthat…⑩Asregardsme,Itendtochoose…(5)用于书信写作的常用句型①Thankyouforyourletterof…②Itisapleasureformeinviteyouonbehalfof…toaccept…③Thankssomuchforyourletter,whicharrived…④Iamwritingtoyouwithreferenceto…⑤Iamwritingtoyouinconnectionwith…⑥Iwouldbegratefulifyoucould/would…⑦Iwouldliketoknowsomeinformationon…⑧Itwillbeappreciatedifyoucan/could…⑨Iwouldalsoliketoknowifyoucan/could…⑩Ilookforwardtohearingfromyou.(6)用于结尾的常用句型①Fromwhathasbeendiscussed/mentionedabove,wemayconcludethat…②Therefore,itisnotdifficulttodraw/cometotheconclusionthat…③Itishightimethatsomethingwasdoneabout…④Fromallthereasons/considerationabove,itisevident/clear/obviousthat…⑤Takingintoaccountallthesefactors,wemayreachtheconclusionthat…⑥Giventhereasons/considerationIhavejustoutlined/discussed/presented,Istronglyrecommendthat…⑦Itisclear,therefore,that…⑧Allinall,whatreallymattersis,infact,to…⑨Itisessentialthateffectivemeasurebetakento…⑩Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemayreasonablyarriveattheconclusionthat…⑾Inconclusion,themostimportantis…⑿Onthewhole,itishightimethateveryone…⒀Asaresult,weshouldtakesomeeffectivestepsto…⒁Judgingbythefigures/statistics,itisnotdifficulttoseethat…⒂Onlyinthisway/insodoing,canbereally…1.表示原因1)Therearethreereasonsforthis.2)Thereasonsforthisareasfollows.3)Thereasonforthisisobvious.4)Thereasonforthisisnotfartoseek.5)Thereasonforthisisthat...6)Wehavegoodreasontobelievethat...例如：Therearethreereasonsforthechangesthathavetakenplaceinourlife.Firstly,people’slivingstandardhasbeengreatlyimproved.Secondly,mostpeoplearewellpaid,andtheycanaffordwhattheyneedorlike.Lastbutnotleast,moreandmorepeopleprefertoenjoymodernlife注：如考生写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。如：Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourlife.Therearethreereasonsforthis.这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。2.表示好处1)Ithasthefollowingadvantages.2)Itdoesusalotofgood.3)Itbenefitsusquitealot.4)Itisbeneficialtous.5)Itisofgreatbenefittous.例如：Booksarelikefriends.Theycanhelpusknowtheworldbetter,andtheycanopenourmindsandwidenourhorizons.Therefore,readingextensivelyisofgreatbenefittous.四级作文万能结尾句(1)①Fromwhathasbeendiscussed/mentionedabove,wemayconcludethat…②Therefore,itisnotdifficulttodraw/cometotheconclusionthat…③Itishightimethatsomethingwasdoneabout…④Fromallthereasons/considerationabove,itisevident/clear/obviousthat…⑤Takingintoaccountallthesefactors,wemayreachtheconclusionthat…⑥Giventhereasons/considerationIhavejustoutlined/discussed/presented,Istronglyrecommendthat…⑦Itisclear,therefore,that…⑧Allinall,whatreallym