高中一轮复习英语人教版讲义必修五Unit1Greatscientists

Unit1Greatscientists一、刷黑板——eq\a\vs4\al(词汇全听写先过识记默写关)Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写]1．characteristicn． 特征；特性2．radiumn. 镭3．analysevt. 分析4．physiciann. 医生；内科医师5．outbreakn. 爆发；发作(尤指疾病或战争)6．victimn. 受害者7．enquiryn. 询问[第二屏听写]8．neighbourhoodn． 附近；邻近9．pumpn. 泵；抽水机vt. (用泵)抽(水)10．fireworkn. 烟火(燃放)11．chartn. 图表12．backwardadv.&adj. 向后地(的)；相反地(的)；退步地(的)[第三屏听写]Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)1．paintern． 画家；油漆匠2．scientificadj. 科学的3．concludevt.&vi. 结束；推断出4．conclusionn. 结论；结束5．defeatvt. 打败；战胜；使受挫n. 失败6．expertadj. 熟练的；经验或知识丰富的n. 专家；行家[第四屏听写]7．attendvt. 照顾；护理；出席；参加8．exposevt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光9．curen. 治愈；痊愈vt. 治愈；治疗10．challengen. 挑战vt. 向……挑战11．absorbvt. 吸收；吸引；使专心 [第五屏听写]12．suspectvt. 认为；怀疑n. 被怀疑者；嫌疑犯13．severeadj. 严重的；剧烈的；严厉的14．foreseevt. 预见；预知15．blamevt. 责备；谴责n. 过失；责备16．pollutevt. 污染；弄脏[第六屏听写]17．handlen． 柄；把手vt. 处理；操纵18．linkvt.&n. 连接；联系19．announcevt. 宣布；通告20．instructvt. 命令；指示；教导21．constructvt. 建设；修建22．constructionn. 建设；建筑物23．contributevt.&vi. 捐献；贡献；捐助[第七屏听写]24．positiveadj. 积极的；肯定的；确实的25．movementn. 移动；运动；动作26．spinvi.&vt. (使)旋转；纺(线或纱)27．enthusiasticadj. 热情的；热心的28．cautiousadj. 小心的；谨慎的29．rejectvt. 拒绝；不接受；抛弃30．universen. 宇宙；世界31．put_forward提出32．draw_a_conclusion得出结论33．expose_...to使显露；暴露34．link_...to_...将……和……联系或连接起来35．apart_from除……之外；此外36．(be)_strict_with_...对……严格的37．make_sense讲得通；有意义二、刷清单——eq\a\vs4\al(热身自盘点再过基本应用关)(一)核心单词阅读单词1.characteristicn．特征；特性2．radiumn.镭3．analysevt.分析4．physiciann.医生；内科医师5．outbreakn.爆发；发作6.victimn．受害者7．enquiryn.询问8．neighbourhoodn.附近；邻近9．pumpn.泵；抽水机vt.(用泵)抽(水)10.fireworkn．烟火(燃放)11．chartn.图表12．backwardadv.&adj.向后地(的)；相反地(的)；退步地(的)表达单词1.paintern．画家；油漆匠2．defeatvt.打败；战胜；使受挫n.失败3．expertadj.熟练的；经验或知识丰富的n.专家；行家4．attendvt.照顾；护理；出席；参加5．exposevt.暴露；揭露；使曝光6．curen.治愈；痊愈；治疗方法vt.治愈；治疗7．absorbvt.吸收；吸引；使专心8．suspectvt.怀疑n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯9．foreseevt.预见；预知10．blamevt.责备；谴责n.过失；责备11．pollutevt.污染；弄脏12．handlen.柄；把手vt.处理；操纵13．linkvt.&n.连接；联系14．positiveadj.积极的；肯定的；确实的15．movementn.移动；运动；动作16．spinvi.&vt.(使)旋转；纺(线或纱)17．enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的18．universen.宇宙；世界[语境活用]1．Children,whenexposed(暴露)toanEnglish­speakingatmosphere,willpickupthelanguagemuchmoreeasily.2．Hisgrandmotherusedtomakealivingbyspinning(纺)thread.3．Blamed(责备)forthebreakdownoftheschoolputernetwork,Alicewasinlowspirits.4．Thearmywaswell­trainedandwell­armed,andhadlittledifficultydefeating(打败)theenemy.5．Heisgoodathandling(操纵)thehugecalculatingmachine.6．Hefinishedtheworkinapositive(积极的)way.7．Hewassoillthattwonurseswereattending(照顾)onhim.8．Researchersfindcures(治疗方法)forcertaindiseasesoftenbyusingtheforests'plantandanimallife.9．Suspecting(怀疑)thetravelerofcarryingdrugs,thecustomsofficialstoppedhimandwentthroughhissuitcase.10．Ifyouforesee(预知；预见)something,youexpectandbelievethatitwillhappen.11．Thisriverissopolluted(污染)thatit'sunsafeforswimmingandfishing.12．Itisobviousthatthereisadirectlink(联系)betweenthediseaseanddiet.拓展单词1.scientificadj.科学的→sciencen．科学→scientistn．科学家2．concludevt.&vi.结束；推断出→conclusionn．结论；结束3．challengen．挑战vt.向……挑战→challengingadj.具有挑战性的4．severeadj.严重的；剧烈的；严厉的→severelyadv.严重地；严厉地5．announcevt.宣布；通告→announcementn．通知；宣告→announcern．播音员；广播员6．instructvt.命令；指示；教导→instructionn．指导；指示；用法说明7．constructvt.建设；修建→constructionn．建设；建筑物8．contributevt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助→contributionn．捐献；贡献9．cautiousadj.小心的；谨慎的→cautionn．小心；谨慎→cautiouslyadv.小心地；谨慎地10．rejectvt.拒绝；抛弃；不接受→rejectionn．拒绝；抛弃[语境活用]1．Itwasconcludedthathedidn'ttellusthetruth.Ialsocametotheconclusionthathelied.(conclude)2．Thewriterpersonallycontributed￡5,000totheearthquakefundlastweekandallhiscontributionsweregratefullyreceived.(contribute)3．MaryannouncedtoherteammatesthatshewastomarryaChineseboy,whoseannouncementoftheirmarriagewouldappearinthelocalnewspapernextweek.(announce)4．ThegreatbridgeunderconstructionisdesignedbyChineseengineersanditwilltakeaboutayeartoconstructthelargebridge.(construct)5．IwasboredwithmyjobandfeltIneededanewchallenge.LastweekIgotanewjobinabigfirm,andIfounditverychallenging.(challenge)6．Iwanttobeascientisttodiscoverascientificbreakthroughtosavepeople'slives.(science)7．Intheclass,ourteacherofteninstructsustoimproveourreadingabilityandhisinstructionmakesadifferenceinourEnglishlearning.(instruct)(二)常用短语写准记牢语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)1.put_forward提出2．draw_a_conclusion得出结论3．expose_..._to使显露；暴露4．link_..._to_...将……和……联系或连接起来5．apart_from除……之外；此外6．make_sense讲得通；有意义7．(be)_strict_with_...对……严格的8．be_to_blame应受谴责/责备9．look_into调查10．lead_to导致；通向11．be_determined_to_do_sth.决定做某事12．slow_down慢下来；减速13．e_to_an_end结束14．be_responsible_for对……负责1.Everyoneissupposedtoput_forwardsomesuggestionsonhowtoimproveourenvironmentatthemeeting.2．Wemustbe_strict_withourstudentswhileweshouldgivethemloveandcareaswell.3．Iwrotealetterofplaint,andthemanagerhaspromisedtolook_intothematter.4．Wecan'tdraw_a_conclusionwithouthavingawideinvestigationintothismatter.5．Eatingtoomuchfatcanlead_toheartdiseaseandcausehighbloodpressure.6．IthinkthatitisIratherthanmysisterthatam_to_blameforwhathashappened.7．Don'twastetimethinkingaboutasentencewhichdoesn'tmake_sense.8．Apart_fromtheEnglishclass,ItookanactivepartinEnglishCornerandotherafter­classEnglishactivities.(三)经典句式原句背诵句式解构佳句仿写1.Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。neither...nor...“既不……也不……”，连接两个并列的句子成分。秋天，既不太热又不太冷。(2014·天津高考书面表达)Inautumn,it'sneither_too_hot_nor_too_cold.2.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.所以每次爆发霍乱时，都有成千上万惊恐的人病死。everytime“每次”，作连词用，引导时间状语从句。每次我去看她时，她都全神贯注于研究工作。Every_time_I_went_to_see_her,_shewasabsorbedinherresearchwork.3.Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。“only＋状语(从句)”位于句首时后面的主句需用部分倒装。只有我们坚持贯彻改革开放的政策，我们就能在各个领域得取更大的成就。Onlyifwepersistincarryingoutthereformandopeningpolicy,will_we_achieve_greater_success_in_every_field.(四)初中考点再回顾高频考查类——记熟文化差异类——辨清易忘易错类——勤览1.overe_many_difficulties克服很多困难2．point_out指出3．prepare_for_the_exam为考试做准备4．receive_good_education受到良好的教育5．furtherstudy深造；进修6．partwith放弃；交出1.cryfornoreason无缘无故地哭2．nodinagreement点头同意3．befriendswith和……是朋友4．paleaschalk和粉笔一样白5．kicksb.off开除某人6．pulltogether齐心合力1.runningshoes跑鞋2．keepoffmobilephones关机3．getearspierced打耳洞4．earringn.耳环；耳饰5．do/takeexercise做运动6．domorningexercises做早操一、过重点单词——eq\a\vs4\al(纵引横联超人一点)1．concludevt.&vi.结束；推断出[高考佳句]Soit'ssafetoconcludethatitisreasonabletoincludeEnglishwhichfacilitatesdailymunication.(2014·江苏高考满分作文)因此，可以得出的结论是，把一些有利于我们日常交际的英语包括在内是合情合理的。(1)concludeeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(sth.fromsth.,fromsth.that...)) 从……中推断出……concludesth.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(withsth.,bydoingsth.)) 以……结束……toconclude 最后(2)eto/reach/drawaconclusion 得出结论inconclusion 总而言之[多角练透]单句语法填空①Heconcludedfromtheirremarksthattheywerenotinfavouroftheplan.②Whenthegroupdiscussionisnearingitsend,makesuretoconcludeitwithimportantpoints.补全句子③To_conclude,_Iwouldliketoaskafewquestionsabouthispersonallife,whichmustbeveryinteresting.最后，我要问一些关于他个人生活的问题，这一定很有趣。④In_conclusion,_walkingisacheap,safe,enjoyableandreadilyavailableformofexercise.总而言之，散步是一种廉价、安全、有趣且易实施的锻炼方式。一句多译我从我自己的经历中得出结论：有志者，事竟成。(2014·山东高考写作)⑤Ihaveconcluded_frommyownexperiencesthatwherethereisawillthereisaway.(conclude)⑥Ihavedrawn_a_conclusion_frommyownexperiencesthatwherethereisawillthereisaway.(conclusion)[联想发散]表示“总而言之”的其他表达还有：inshort,inbrief,inaword,allinall,tosumup,briefly(speaking),onthewhole等。2．attendvt.照顾；护理；出席；参加[教材原句]JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon—soexpert,indeed,thatheattendedQueenVictoriaasherpersonalphysician.约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。[练牢基点]写出下列句中attend的含义①Thepatientsarewellattendedinthehospital.照顾；护理_②Youknow,myuncleLiMingisflyingtothecitywhereyoulivetoattendaninternationalmeeting.出席；参加[系统考点]attendameeting/alecture/school 参加会议/听讲座/上学attend(on/upon)sb. 照顾某人；伺候某人attendto 处理；对付；接待(顾客)；专心；注意[练通重点]补全句子③Shewaspraisedforhaving_attended_on/uponhersickmother­in­lawforoverthirtyyears.她伺候生病的婆婆三十多年，受到人们的称赞。④Heofferedtogoandattend_tothematter.他主动提出来去处理那件事了。3．exposevt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使面临[教材原句]Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.但当他一想到要帮助(那些)受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓，他就感到很振奋。(1)expose...to... 暴露……给……；使……接触……exposeoneselfto... 使自己面临……；使自己暴露于……(2)beexposedto 遭受到；(使)接触到[多角练透]单句语法填空①Somepeoplethinkweshouldn'texposethechildrentoplaying(play)putergames.②Being_exposed(expose)tostrongsunlightwilldoharmtoyourskin.③Ifexposed(expose)totheoutsidesurroundings,they'llbestrongerandbetterpreparedfortheirfuture.句型转换④Shehasthecouragetoexposeherselftothedangers.→Shehasthecouragetobe_exposed_tothedangers.[名师指津]及物动词expose后若无宾语，则常常使用它的被动形式；在expose...to...以及beexposedto结构中，to为介词，其后要用名词、代词或动名词。4．curen．治愈；痊愈vt.治愈；治疗[经典例句]Heborrowedabooktohelpcurehimofhisreadingproblem.他借了一本书来帮助攻克他的阅读障碍。acurefor... 针对……的治疗(法)curesb.ofsth. 治愈某人的疾病；改掉某人的恶习[题点全练]介词填空①ProfessorWangsaidthereasonofshortsightednessisplicatedandthatthereisstillnoexcellentcureforit.②Thefreshairandexercisecuredhimofhissleeplessness,whichmadehimfeelrelief.[辨析比较]cure,treatcure强调结果，“治疗，治愈”，其后可直接加疾病或用于curesb.ofsth.结构treat强调过程，“治疗”，常用搭配：treatone's＋疾病或treatsb.for＋疾病选用上述单词填空Thedoctor③treatedherheadachewiththebestmedicine,butdidnot④cureherofthedisease.5．challengen．挑战vt.向……挑战[教材原句]JohnSnowwantedtofacethechallengeandsolvethisproblem.约翰·斯诺想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。(1)facethechallenge 面临挑战accept/takeupachallenge 接受挑战(2)challengesb.tosth. 向某人挑战某事challengesb.todosth. 向某人挑战做某事(3)challengingadj. 具有挑战性的[多角练透]单句语法填空①Iwanttochallengehimtoagameofbasketball.②Teachingyoungchildrenisachallenging(challenge)andrewardingjob.单句改错③Thoughhisarmshurt,Stevenplannedtochallengetohimself,cyclingthe250­mileroutealone.去掉第二个to④Exploringouterspaceischallengetomankind.is后加a补全句子⑤ManyChinesebrands,havingdevelopedtheirreputationsovercenturies,are_facing_new_challenges_fromthemodernmarket.(2017·江苏高考单选)很多享有几百年盛誉的中国品牌，现在正面临着来自现代市场的新挑战。[名师指津]challenge本身已内含“向……；对……”的意义，因而不要再加多余的to。向某人挑战eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1([误]tochallengetosb.,[正]tochallengesb.))6．absorbvt.吸收；吸引；使专心；理解[教材原句]Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.第二种看法是人们是在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内的。(1)absorb...from... 从……中吸收……absorb...into... 把……吸收入……absorboneselfin 专心于；全神贯注于(2)absorbedadj. 全神贯注的(be)absorbedin... 全神贯注于……[多角练透]单句语法填空①Plantsabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheairandmoisturefromthesoil.②Ittakesafewminutestoabsorbalcoholintothebloodstream.③Absorbed(absorb)inhiswork,hesimplyforgottohavesupperandsleep.一句多译一缕微弱的光线从墙上的小孔中透过来，他正在专心致志地读书。(2015·福建高考书面表达)④Aweakrayoflightcameinthroughasmallholeinthewallandhe_absorbed_himself_in_his_reading.⑤Aweakrayoflightcameinthroughasmallholeinthewallandhe_was_absorbed_in_his_reading.eq\a\vs4\al([联想发散])beabsorbedin(doing)sth.结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用其过去分词形式absorbedin...。类似的结构还有：①belostin... 陷入……；专心致志于……②becaughtin... 被困在……③beburiedin... 埋头于……④bedevotedto... 致力于……；专心于……⑤beoccupiedin... 忙于……⑥beinvolvedin... 专注于……7．blamevt.责备；谴责；把……归咎于n.过失；责备[教材原句]Itseemedthatthewaterwastoblame.看来水是罪魁祸首。(1)blamesb.forsth./doingsth. 为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事blamesth.onsb. 把某事归咎于某人betoblame(for) 应(为……)承担责任；该(为……)受责备(2)put/laytheblameforsth.on... 将某事归咎于……[多角练透]对比填空(for/on)①Sheblamedherhusbandforthefailureoftheirmarriage.②Sheblamedthefailureoftheirmarriageonherhusband.③Shelaidtheblameforthefailureoftheirmarriageonherhusband.补全句子④Iam_not_to_blame_formylaziness,mum.I'mwhatyouhavemademe.妈妈，你不该责备我懒惰。我这么懒也是你娇惯出来的。[名师指津]betoblame短语中blame不能用被动形式，该短语为主动形式表示被动含义。8．instructvt.命令；指示；教导[教材原句]Thewaterpanieswereinstructednottoexposepeopletopollutedwateranymore.供水公司得到指示，再也不能让人们接触受污染的水了。(1)instructsb.todosth. 命令某人做某事instructsb.in(doing)sth. 指导某人(做)某事(2)instructiveadj. 指示性的；有教育意义的instructionn. 指令；说明(常用复数)[多角练透]单句语法填空①Withtheteacherinstructing(instruct)them,thestudentshavemadegreatprogressinEnglish.②Youmustreadtheinstructions(instruct)beforetakingthemedicine.一句多译这些学生需要一位老师来指导他们绘画。③Thestudentsneedateachertoinstruct_them_to_paint.④Thestudentsneedateachertoinstruct_them_in_painting.9．contributevt.&vi.贡献；捐助；捐献；投稿[高考佳句]LocatedwheretheBeltmeetstheRoad,JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.(2017·江苏高考单选)位于“丝绸之路经济带”和“21世纪海上丝绸之路”交汇处，江苏将会为“一带一路”的建设做出更大的贡献。(1)contributesth.to... 把某物捐献给……contributeto 有助于；导致；投稿(2)contributionn. 捐献；贡献；稿件makeacontribution/contributionsto对 ……做出贡献[多角练透]单句语法填空①Everyoneiswillingtocontributefoodandclothestothehomelesspeople.②Yourcontribution(contribute)willcertainlymaketheeventahugesuccess.(2014·辽宁高考满分作文)单句改错③Besides,consultingourteacherscancontributetosolvetheproblems.solve→solving单句写作④如果你想往我们报纸投稿，请在最后期限前把文章寄给我。(2015·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)If_you_want_to_contribute_to_our_newspaper,_pleasesendmeyourarticlebeforethedeadline.[联想发散]表示“引起；导致；有助于”的词语还有：cause,leadto,resultin,bringabout等。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Wediscussedtheproblemmanytimes,butstillcouldetonoconclusion(conclude)．2．Hissonisverynaughtyandhasformedsomebadhabits.Ithinkheshouldcurehimofthem.3．Whenlinked(link)tothesubway,thecitywillbeeasytogetaccessto.4．Itwas_announced(announce)thatourteamtookthefirstplace.5．Itriedtofollowtheinstructions(instruct),butIgotconfused.6．Theyinvitedalltheirrelativesto_attend(attend)theirwedding.7．Marywas_rejected(reject)bytheuniversitysheappliedtolastyear.8．Weexplainedourplansandhewasveryenthusiastic(enthusiasm)aboutthem.Ⅱ.单句改错1．WhenIsaidIranfasterthanher,shechallengedtometoarace.去掉第一个to_2．Participatinginthecontestwillbeagoldenchanceformetoshowmydancingskillsandmakecontributiontotheclass.contribution→contributions或在其前面加a3．PleaseannouncestudentsthattheholidayswillbeginnextMonday.announce后加to4．IalwayshavesomanythingstoattendwhenIebacktothepanyafteratripabroad.attend后加to5．Shesuspectedhimwithtellingliesandnevertrustedhimagain.with→of6．Peoplemightbecautiousaboutbelievethisstatement.believe→believing7．Thebridgeundertheconstructionwillbeopentopublicnextyear.去掉the8．Althoughdefeatinginthematch,wedidn'tloseheart.defeating→defeatedⅢ.一句多译1．如果年轻人每天都处于嘈杂的音乐中，他们很可能有变聋的危险。①Youngpeoplemayriskgoingdeafiftheyare_exposed_to_very_loud_musiceveryday.②Ifexposed_to_very_loud_musiceveryday,youngpeoplemayriskgoingdeaf.(省略句)③Being_exposed_to_very_loud_musiceverydaymakesitpossibleforyoungpeopletoriskgoingdeaf.(动名词作主语)2．汤姆专心于工作，忘记了通知她这件事。①Tomwassoabsorbed_in_his_workthatheforgottoinformherofit.(absorb)②So_absorbed_was_Tom_in_his_workthatheforgottoinformherofit.(用so...that...倒装句)③Absorbed_in_his_work,_Tomforgottoinformherofit.(过去分词短语作状语)3．他把考试失败归咎于老师。①He_blamed_the_failure_of_his_exam_on_the_teacher.(blame...on)②He_blamed_the_teacher_for_the_failure_of_his_exam.(blame...for)③He_put/laid_the_blame_for_the_failure_of_his_exam_on_the_teacher.(blamen．)二、过短语、句式——eq\a\vs4\al(学通学活靓人一眼)1．putforward提出[教材原句]Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes?谁提出的黑洞理论？[一词多义]写出下列句中putforward的含义①We'veputthedateoftheirweddingforwardbyoneweek.将……提前②ItwasStephenHawkingthatputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes.提出③Yououghttoputyourwatchforwardbytenminutes.将表向前拨④CanIputyouforwardasourclubsecretary？提名；推荐[归纳拓展]putaway 把……收拾好；整理；储蓄putaside 把……放到一边；储存putup 搭建；张贴；为……提供住宿putthrough 接通；完成putupwith 容忍；忍受EncouragechildrentoputasidesomeoftheirpocketmoneytobuyChristmaspresents.鼓励孩子们存下一部分零花钱来购买圣诞礼物。2．makesense有意义；有道理；讲得通[教材原句]Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。(1)makesenseof 理解；明白makenosense 没意义；没道理(2)inasense 在某一方面；就某种意义来说innosense 决不(用在句首时，句子用部分倒装)[多角练透]同义替换①See,yourputerhasbrokendownagain!Itisn'treasonable(＝doesn't_make_sense)tobuythecheapestbrandofputerjusttosaveafewdollars.②Wereaditthrough,butcouldnotunderstand(＝make_sense_of)it.句型转换③Youshouldloseheartinnosense;keeptryingandyouwillmakeitsoonerorlater.→In_no_sense_should_you_lose_heart;_keeptryingandyouwillmakeitsoonerorlater.(倒装句)3．neither...nor...“既不……也不……”Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。(1)neither...nor...连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。①Neithertheteachernorthestudentsarecontentwiththeresult.老师和学生们都对这个结果不满意。②NeithermywifenorImyselfwasabletopersuademydaughtertochangehermindandfinallyshejoinedinthegame.我妻子和我本人都没能说服女儿改变主意，最终她参加了这个比赛。(2)遵循“就近原则”的其他并列连词either...or... 不是……就是……notonly...but(also)... 不但……而且……not...but... 不是……而是……③NotonlyJohnandTombutalsotheirsister,Mary,takes(take)greatinterestinthepianolessons.不但约翰和汤姆，而且他们的姐姐玛丽也对钢琴课非常感兴趣。④Eitheryouoroneofyourstudentsis(be)toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.要么是你或者你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议。4．everytime引导时间状语从句Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedevery_timetherewasanoutbreak.所以每次爆发霍乱时，都有成千上万惊恐的人病死。名词词组作连词用，引导时间状语从句的还有：(1)由time构成的名词词组：eachtime,thefirst/lasttime,nexttime,anytime等(2)the＋瞬间名词：theminute,theinstant,themoment等，意为“一……就……”①Somethingislearnedevery/each_timeabookisopened.开卷有益。②The_first_timehecametothecity,hedecidedtosettlethere.他第一次来到那个城市，他就决定在那里安家。③Youareweletoebackany_timeyouwantto.你什么时候想回来，我们都欢迎。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Apartfromitslowprice,theadvantageofthiscarliesinitsgoodquality.2．Theweatherwasevencolderwiththewindblowing(blow).3．Afterthemeeting,theywillmeetprivately(private)withoneanothertodiscussfurtherplans.4．Heransoquicklythatweallcouldn'tcatchupwithhim.5．Hesaidthatneitherhenorhisparentshad_seen(see)thefilm.6．Inconclusion(conclude),IwouldliketosayhowmuchIhaveenjoyedmyselftoday.Ⅱ.选词填空neither...nor...，so...that...，everytime，putforward，with，onlyif，makesense，bestrictwith，apartfrom，beenthusiasticabout1．Inthemeeting,weput_forwardsomeadviceonhowtoimproveourwork.2．Neitherhenorhisparentsaregoingtotravelthisholidayfortheyareallbusy.3．Every_timeIcallonher,sheisalwaysbusywriting.4．Nowadays,shoppingonlineissopopularthatithasbeeapartofourlife.5．Apart_fromtheirhouseinLondon,theyalsohaveavillainSpain.6．Ifyouareateacher,youshouldbe_strict_witheverystudent.7．Thoughtoooldtoworkmuch,theretiredworkeris_enthusiastic_aboutneighborhoodaffairs.8．Only_ifIgetajobwillIhaveenoughmoneytogotoschool.9．Weliveinahousewithmanyflowersaroundit.10．Itmakes_sensetotakecareofyourhealth,foritisthemostimportant.Ⅲ.补全句子1．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我确信它会吸引你，因为你一直热衷于体育运动。(enthusiastic)I'msureitwillappealtoyou,for_you've_been_enthusiastic_about_sports.2．(2014·山东高考满分作文)起初，学英语看上去很难以至于我还没尝试就想放弃。(so...that...)Atthebeginning,learning_English_seemed_so_difficult_thatIwantedtogiveupwithouteventrying.3．每当看到这张老照片，我就会想起我中学时的同桌。(everytime)Every_time_I_see_the_old_photo,_Iwillthinkofmydeskmateinmiddleschool.4．(2015·重庆高考写作)只有用这种方法我们才能为我们的家庭和社会做出巨大贡献。(部分倒装)Onlyinthiswaycan_we_make_a_great_contribution/great_contributions_toourfamilyandoursociety.5．除了是DNA方面的专家，王教授还进行医药方面的研究。(apartfrom)Apart_from_being_an_expert_onDNA,ProfessorWangisalsocarryingoutresearchonmedicine.三、过语法、写作——eq\a\vs4\al(写对写美高人一筹)(一)单元小语法——过去分词作定语和表语Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Thewitnessesquestioned(question)bythepolicejustnowgaveverydifferentdescriptionsofthefight.2．Trucksandbusesweredrivenongascarried(carry)inlargebagsontheroof.3．TsinghuaUniversity,founded(found)in1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.4．Helookedworried(worry)afterreadingtheletter.5．Iwas_disappointed(disappoint)atthefilmIsawlastnight.Ihadexpectedittobebetter.6．Wewere_surprised(surprise)atwhathesaidatthemeeting.7．Thecarsbeing_sold(sell)atthemarketnowaremadeinGuangzhou.Ⅱ.补全句子1．(2017·天津高考书面表达)为了成为一名合格的志愿者，我不得不阅读一些关于天津的书籍来了解一些更多的相关信息提高自己。In_order_to/To_be_a_qualified_volunteer,_IhavetoimprovemyselfbyreadingsomebooksaboutTianjinsoastoknowmoreaboutit.2．(2014·湖南高考写作)我太激动了，迫不及待地想穿上它。So_excited_was_IthatIcouldn'twaittotrywearingthem.3．(2014·陕西高考书面表达)您能来参加我们英语周活动，我们深感荣幸。We_are/feel_honouredtohaveyouhereinthemiddleofourEnglishWeekActivities.4．人们期待这些选自全国的运动员在这次夏季比赛中能给我们带来荣耀。Theplayersselected_from_the_whole_countryareexpectedtobringushonorinthissummergame.5．有人建议你应当与不同性格及背景的人交朋友。Itis_suggested_thatyoushouldmakefriendswithpeoplehavingdifferentcharacteristicsorbackgrounds.6．务必使你的演讲有吸引力，这样听众才不会厌烦。Makesurethatyourspeechisattractivesothattheaudiencewill_not_get_bored.(二)课堂微写作练缩写——让语言更凝练[题目要求]屠呦呦，中国第一位赢得诺贝尔医学奖的女科学家。请把下面作文缩写成60词左右的短文，简要介绍屠呦呦。注意保留加黑部分。TuYouyou,thefirstChinesewomantowinaNobelprizeinscience,hasmadeusallproud.Tu,bornin1930,eq\a\vs4\al(discovered)Artemisinin(青蒿素),adrugthathasreducedthedeathratesforpatientssufferingfrommalaria(疟疾).ArtemisininisagiftfortheworldpeoplefromthetraditionalChinesemedicine.Itisofgreatimportanceforcuringmalariaandotherinfectiousdiseasesandforprotectingthehealthoftheworldpeople.Tu'swinningtheprizeshowsthatChinahasmaderapidprogressinscientificandtechnologicalfieldandmarksagreatcontributionoftraditionalChinesemedicinetothecauseofhumanhealth.In2011,TubecamethefirstscientistinChinatowinAmerica'sLaskerAward(拉斯克奖)forherachievements.GraduatingfromtheBeijingMedicalCollegein1955,sheischiefresearcherandprofessorataresearchinstituteinBeijing.[答案示例]TuYouyouwasbornin1930andgraduatedfromtheBeijingMedicalCollegein1955.ShediscoveredadrugbelongingtothetraditionalChinesemedicine.Asaresult,sheisthefirstChinesewomantowinaNobelprizeinscience,whichshowsthatChinahasmaderapidprogressinscientificandtechnologicalfieldandmarksagreatcontributionoftraditionalChinesemedicinetothecauseofhumanhealth.eq\a\vs4\al(阅读理解提速练)eq\a\vs4\al(4篇阅读＋1篇七选五，限时35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解ACrazyFestivalsMiketheHeadlessChickenFestivalIn1945,farmerLloydOlsenattemptedtocutofftheheadofMike,achicken,sohiswifecouldcookitupfordinner.However,thebirddidn'tdieandlivedanotheryearandahalf,makingregulartripstothefair,wherepeoplepaidaquartertoseetheamazingheadlessbird.Today,thespiritofMiketheHeadlessChickeniscelebratedwithatwo­dayMayfestivalinFruita,Colorado,whichincludeslivemusic,agolftournament,andlotsofdeliciouschicken.RoswellUFOFestivalInthesummerof1947,aflyingsaucer(碟状物)crashedonalargefarmoutsidethetownofRoswell,NewMexico.Thegovernmentsaysitdidn'tefromouterspace,butmanytopUFOresearchersbelieveitdid.Knowingagoodthingwhenitcrashesintheirbackyard,thecitizensofRoswellcelebratetheeventeveryJulywithathree­dayfestivalthatfeaturesacostumecontest,aparadeandotheractivities.Becareful,though—that_odd_little_person_next_to_you_could_be_from_another_planet.World'sLargestRattlesnakeRoundupTherattlesnake,apoisonousAmericansnake,servesanimportantfunctioninnaturebykeepingsmallpestsundercontrol,butwhentheirnumbersgrowtoolarge,theycancauseseriousproblemsforfarmers.That'swhyeveryMarchtheresidentsofSweetwater,Texas,hostathree­dayfestivalinassociationwiththetown'sannualrattlesnakehunt.Visitorscanlearnaboutrattlesnakes,takeabustouroftheirnaturalhabitat,participateinarattlesnakeeatingcontestandsoon.BugFestEverySeptember,theNorthCarolinaMuseumofNaturalSciencesinRaleighsponsorsadaylongfestivalthatfocusesonsomethingmostpeopletrytoavoid:insects.Visitorscanholdbugsthatarenotnative,cheeronracinginsectsandlearnaboutbeekeeping.ButthehighlightformanyisCaféInsecta,wherebugsarethemainingredientinavarietyoftastydishes.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个古怪的节日。1．LloydOlsencutoffthechicken'sheadbecause________.A．hisfamilywantedtoeatitB．hewantedtosellitsmeatatthefairC．hisfamilywantedtocelebrateaheadlesschickenfestivalD．hewantedtomakemoneybyshowingaheadlesschicken解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一个节日介绍中的“farmerLloydOlsenattemptedtocutofftheheadofMike,achicken,sohiswifecouldcookitupfordinner”可知答案。2．Bywritingtheunderlinedpart,theauthorwantsto________.A．remindreadersthataliensdoexistB．addanairofmysterytothefestivalC．implythathemayattendthefestivalD．describethefunofthecostumecontest解析：选B句意理解题。根据文章对第二个节日的介绍可知，作者以客观的口吻介绍了这个外星人节日的来源及节日内容等，并未对外星人是否存在表明自己的观点。由此可推测，作者最后说“你旁边那个奇怪的矮人可能来自另一个星球”只是为了给这个节日增加些神秘气氛。3．What'sthepurposeoftheWorld'sLargestRattlesnakeRoundup?A．Toincreasethelocaltourism.B．Toprotectrattlesnakes'habitats.C．Tocontrolthepopulationofrattlesnakes.D．Tointroducetheimportanceofrattlesnakes.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三个节日介绍中的“whentheirnumbersgrowtoolarge,theycancauseseriousproblemsforfarmers.That'swhyeveryMarchtheresidentsofSweetwater,Texas,hostathree­dayfestival...”可知答案。4．Whichofthefollowingistheearliestfestivaloftheyear?A．MiketheHeadlessChickenFestival.B．RoswellUFOFestival.C．World'sLargestRattlesnakeRoundup.D．BugFest.解析：选C细节理解题。根据四个节日的举办时间：五月、七月、三月和九月可知，C选项为一年中最早的节日。BOnceamanneededanewpairofshoes.Thismanwasverygoodatmath.Heknewthatinordertogetshoesthatfitverywell,itwouldbenecessarytomeasure