外研版初二(上)英语第18讲：Module-9语法篇(学生版)

Module9语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________熟练掌握本模块语法知识。冠词：是限定的一种词，不能单独使用，常用于修饰名词。冠词有三种形式：不定冠词（a/an）,定冠词（the）和零冠词（/）。

●1.不定冠词的用法

不定冠词用来修饰可数名词单数，指人或物种的某一个或某一类，但不具体说明是何人何物。

不定冠词的常见用法有：

①表示“一个”的概念。

Populationisabigproblemforcities.

②表示“每一“的概念，相当于every。

IwatchTVonceaweek.

③首次提到的某人或某物，不定冠词起介绍作用。Astudentwantstoaskyousomequestions

④某些固定短语中，要用不定冠词。haveagoodtime

havealook

havearest

●2.定冠词的用法

①指前文中提到过的人或物。Ihaveadog.Thedogisblack.

②特指某人或某物。Thegirlwithlonghairismyyoungersister.

③指说话双方都知道的人或物Ihadtowritethesamereportlastterm.

④用于专有名词前。theGreatWall

thePacificOcean

⑤用于世界上独一无二的事物前。thesun

themoon

⑥用于姓氏复数形式之前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇二人”。theSmiths

⑦用于形容词最高级前。thebiggestcity

⑧用于序数词前。thefirstboy

⑨用于西洋乐器名词前。

playthepiano

⑩某些形容词前加定冠词the，表示一类人或物。theyoung

theold

⑾用于某些固定短语中:

inthemorning

thedayaftertomorrow

●3.零冠词的用法

①在球类活动，学科名词前以及节日，月份，星期前不用冠词。Tomcanplayvolleyball.

②名词前已有指示代词，物主代词，不定代词或数词等作定语时名词前不用冠词

Therearemanybooksinherschoolbag.

③在某些固定短语或习惯用语中不用冠词

bybus

havebreakfast

athome

atnight

『注意』:

在某些短语中，名词前用冠词和不用冠词的意义有所不同。

inhospital

inthehospital

attable

atthetable

inclass

intheclass数字:分为基数词和序数词。本模块中，我们重点学习数字的读法。在英语中，每三位数字为一个单位，按照百，十，个位向下读。而进位的读法则为thousand,million,billion向上递增。

数次的常见用法：

①分数表达法

在英语中，分子用基数词，分母用序数词。当分子是1时，分母用原形；当分子大于1时，分母用复数形式。

1/3

：onethirds

2/3

:twothirds

②百分数的表达

百分数用percent表示，符号为%

如：5%读作fivepresent.1.—Doyouplay______pianoinyourfreetime?—No,Ilikesports.Ioftenplay______soccerwithmyfriends./;the B.the;/ C.the;the D.a;a2.(2012·凉山中考)Thisis______interestingmovieandit’salso______mostinterestingoneI’veeverseen.A.an;a B.an;the C.a;the D.a;a3._____maninablackhatismyPEteacher.Heoftenplays______footballwithus.A.A;the B.The;a C.The;/ D.A;/4Shewillhave______chancetogoto______collegeforafurthereducation.a;a B.a;the C.the;the D.a;/5._______BrownswerehavingdinnerwhenthetelephonerangAA BAnCThe D/基础演练用冠词a,an,the，/,完成句子.1.Britainis_________EuropeancountryandChinais__________Asiancountry2.Wealwayshave__________riceforlunch3._________YangtzeRiverisoneofthelongestriversintheworld4.It’sour__________firsttimetogotothecity5.DoesJimcomefrom_______USAor_________Australia?6.Thereis________pictureon_____wall.Ilike______pictureverymuch巩固提高冠词专项练习:选择正确的答案。1.—Whatdoesyourfatherdo?—Heis______artteacher.A.a B.an C.the D./2.—Areyouhaving______goodtime?—Yes,butI’mfeelingtired.Iwanttohave__rest.A.a;/ B./;a C.a;a D.the;a3.Lookat______skirt!IboughtitforMumonMother’sDay.Isn’titnice?A.a B.the C.an D./4.Thisis______songI’vetoldyouabout.Isn’tit______beautifulone?A.the;the B.a;a C.the;a D.a;the5.KatyandSandylivein______town,andtheybothget______e-mailaday.A./;an B.the;an C.the;a D./;the6.（天津中考）--Whatdoyouthinkof_______filmaboutZhanTianyou?--It’s_________goodfilm.A.the;the B.a;theC.the;a D.a;a7.（兰州中考）--Whois________maninablackhat?--It'sJimBrown.Weoftenplay________basketballtogetherinourfreetime.A.an;a B.a;/C.the;a D.the;/二．数词练习题。1.Nowchildren,turntopageandlookatthepictureinLessonTwo.A.twentieth…one B.twenty…oneC.twentieth…first D.twenty…first2.Weallthinkthatcenturywillbringusmorehopes.A.twenty-first B.twentieth-firstC.twenty-one D.twentieth-one3.Whatdoyouthinkofawar,LinTao?I’venoidea.Butit’safactthatpeoplehadtoleavetheirhomeduringtheWar.A.threethousands B.thousandofC.thousandsof D.severalthousands4.ItissaidthatSARShaskilledmorethanpeopleworldwide.A.threehundreds B.threehundreds’C.threehundred’s D.threehundred5.Bothofthetworulersarebroken.Iwanttobuyaone.A.three B.thirdC.fourth D.（不填）一．单项选择.1.What’sthematterwithyou?Icaughtbadcoldandhadtostayinbed.A.a;(不填) B.a;theC.a;a D.the;the2.Haveyouseenpen?Ileftitherethismorning.Isitblackone?IthinkIsawitsomewhere.A.a;the B.the;theC.the;a D.a;a3.______earthweliveonisbiggerthanmoon.A.The;a B.The;theC.An;a D.An;the4.Rememberthis,children.carefulyouare,mistakesyouwillmake.Weknow,MissGao.A.Themore;themore B.Thefewer;themoreC.Themore;thefewer D.Theless;theless5.There’s“h”intheword“hour”.A.a B.theC.an D.不填6.DidyouenjoyyourstayinHangzhou?Yes,Ihadwonderfultime.A.a B.anC.the D.不填7.Ifyoudon’tmind,passmeapple,please.A.a B.anC.the D.不填8.Iamreadingnovel.Itisinterestingstory.A.a;an B.a;aC.the;the D./;an9.Myuncleisn’toldman,andhelikesplayingfootball.A.a;a B.an;anC.the;the D.an;/10.Theboysandgirlsoftenplayfootballinafternoon.A./;an B.the;anC./;the D.a;the二.完形填空。Thepopulationproblemmaybethe1oneoftheworldtoday.Theworld’spopulationisgrowing2.Twothousandyearsago,therewereonly250millionpeople3theearth.Fourhundredyearsago,thenumberwas4500million.Butatthebeginningofthe5century,theworld’spopulationwasabout1,700million.In1970,thenumberwas3,600million.In1990,thenumberwasfivebillion.A6reportsaidthattheworld’spopulation7sixbillionbytheendofthe20thcentury.Thisisjustten8afterit9fivebillion.TheUNestimated(估计)theworld’spopulationwillgrowbymorethan10bytheyear2050.1.A.great B.greater C.greatest D.greating2.A.fasterandfaster B.fastandfastC.fastestandfastest D.fasterandfast3.A.in B.on C.at D.for4.A.little B.more C.almost D.over5.A.twenty B.twelveC.twentieth D.twelfth6.A.USA B.UN C.PRC D.PLA7.A.past B.hadpassedC.passed D.passes8.A.weeks B.monthsC.seasons D.years9.A.get B.gets C.reached D.reach10.A.athree B.onethirdsC.oneofthree D.athird__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一．短文填空enough,health,livein,standroom,thousand,slow,grow,everbefore,earth,populationTenthousandyearsago,theworld’s1wasverysmall.Forseveral2yearsitgrewquite3.Butduringthelastthreeorfourhundredyearsit4veryquickly.Today,itisstillgrowingfasterthan5.In600years,therewillbeonly6ontheearth.Eachpersonwillhaveonehalftoonesquaremetreofspace7.Thismeanswemustgrowmorefood,andhavesmallerfamilieswithfewer,but8children.Ifwedon’tdothesethings,theresultswillbebad.Therewillnotbe9spaceeventostandinonthe10.1.______2.______3.______4.______5.______6.______7.______8.______9.______10.______二．完型填空.Todaymoreandmorepeopleliveincities.Sothereisusuallylittleroominacitytogrowfood.1ofthelandinacityisused2homes,shops,roadsandparks.Mostfoodforcitypeopleisgrowninthecountry.Itisoftenbroughttothecityby3,trainandplane.Somefood4comesintothecitybycarWateris5thingthatwegetfromthecountry.Everyoneneedswatereveryday.Weusealittleofitfor6,butweuseevenmoreto7bathtubs(浴缸)forshowers(淋雨)andtowashstreets.Thewaterusedincitiescomesmostlyfromtherain.Butpeople8notusetherainthatfallsoncities.Therainbecomesdirtyasitfallsthroughdirtyair.Onceithitscitybuildingsorstreets,therainwillpickupmoredirt.ItisnorgoodfordrinkingorbathingSocitiesmustreachouttothe9countryforwaterthere.Therainfallsthroughairontotreesandgrass.Thefallenrainruns10riversandlakes.Soitisimportanttokeepbothcitiesandthecountryclean.()1ASome BMost CMany DFew()2Afor Bof Cby Dfrom()3Atruck Bbike Ccar Dmotorbike()4Aever Beven Cstill Donce()5Aone Bother Cothers Danother()6Aeating Bdrinking Cwashing Dwatering()7Afill Bfall Cfull Ddrop()8Aneed Bmay Ccan Dmust()9AcleanBtidy Cclear Dnice()10Adown Balong Cin Dinto三．阅读理解。AIndiahasapopulationofabout1.28billion.Itspopulationisthesecondlargestintheworld.Chinahasthelargestpopulationofover1.36billion.OneoutofsixpeopleonthisplanetlivesinIndia.Althoughthecrown(王冠)oftheworld’smostpopulous(人口稠密的)countryisonChina’sheadfortenyears,Indiawilltakethepositionby2030.Withthepopulationgrowthrate(率)at1.58%,Indiawillhavemorethan1.53billionpeoplebytheendof2030.Nowmorethan50%ofIndia’spopulationisbelowtheageof25andover65%belowtheageof35.About72.2%ofthepopulationlivesinsome638,000villages.SomeofthereasonsforIndia’squicklygrowingpopulationarepoverty,illiteracy(无知),decreaseindeathratesandimmigration(移民)fromBangladeshandNepal.Indiastartedtakingmeasurestostopthegrowthratequiteearly.Indiahadthe“NationalFamilyPlanningProgram”in1952.Itbecamethefirstcountryintheworldtohaveapopulationpolicy.However,itfailedtoreachthefinalgoal(目标).1.ThepopulationofIndiaisabout______now.A.1.58billion B.1.53billionC.1.36billion D.1.28billion2.Theunderlinedword“position”means“______”inChinese.A.麻烦 B.现象C.位置 D.考验3.Over65%ofIndia’spopulationisbelowtheageof______.A.25 B.35 C.45 D.554.______isnotthereasonforIndia’squicklygrowingpopulation.A.Poverty B.IlliteracyC.Increaseindeathrates D.Immigration5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.India’spopulationgrowthrateis1.58%.B.OneoutofsevenpeopleontheearthlivesinIndia.C.About72.2%ofIndia’spopulationlivesinthecity.D.In1953,Indiastartedthe“NationalFamilyPlanningProgram”.BTheone-childpolicyinourcountryhasmademostfamiliesmuchsmallerthanbefore.Thatistosay,therearefewerchildreninafamily.ButthepopulationofChinaisstillgrowingfaster.Why?Infact,it’saseriousproblemnotonlyinChina,b