北师大版初二(上)英语第9讲：unit-5-词汇篇(学生版)

Unit5词汇篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.理解并灵活运用重点单词、词组2.理解、掌握并灵活运用重点句型1.protectv.保护protect是及物动词，其后所接的通常是要保护的对象。例如：Weshouldprotecttheenvironment.我应该保护环境。常用短语：protectsb./sth.fromsth.保护某人/某物免受某物的伤害，例如：Youhadbetterwearsunglassestoprotectyoureyesfromthesun.你最好带上太阳镜，保护眼睛免受阳光的伤害。2.completev.填写，完成adj.完全的，例如：Canyoucompleteyourtaskontime?你们能按时完成工作吗？Heturnedoffthelightandtheroomwasincompletedarkness.他关上了灯，室内一片漆黑。completelyadv完全地Theyhavealreadyfinishedthetaskcompletely.他们已经完全完成了那个任务。3.noticev.意识到，注意n.通告；通知；注意(1)notice既可做可数名词，也可做不可数名词，意为“通告，注意”。例如：Herappearanceattractedmynotice.她的外表引起了我的注意。(2)notice做动词，意为“意识到，注意”。其后可接从句，也可接复合宾语，即noticesb.do/doingsth.，意为“注意到某人做/正在做某事”。例如：Ididnotnoticeyoucomein.我没注意到你进来。4.fightv.打架；与…斗争n.打斗fight做不及物动词，意为“打架，与…斗争”，常与介词with或against连用。二者都可以表示“与…斗争”；fightwith指“和…一起斗争，用（某种武器）斗争”；fightagainst指“和坏的人或事做斗争”。例如：Wecannotcontrollife,butwecanfightwithit.我们不能控制生活，但我们能够和它斗争。Nowwefightwithguns.现在我们用枪打仗。Weshouldfightagainsttheillegalbehaviors.我们应该和那些违法行为做斗争。fight也可做及物动词，后面直接跟宾语，意为“反对；战斗”。5.politeadj.有礼貌的常用句型“Itis+polite+ofsb.+todosth.”某人做某事是有礼貌的。例如：Itisnotpoliteofyoutocutthespeakershort.你打断发言的话是不礼貌的。反义词：impolite不礼貌的，粗鲁的副词politely礼貌地6.avoidv.避免，防止avoid及物动词，后接动名词，不可接动词不定式。例如：Youhadbetteravoidlosingyourjob.你最好避免丢掉你的工作。7.surprisev.使惊奇，使感到意外n.吃惊，意想不到的事surprising和surprised都是由surprise变换而来的，都是形容词。surprising意为“令人吃惊的”，用来修饰物；surprised意为“感到吃惊的”，用来修饰人。surprisen.常用短语：toone’ssurprise令某人吃惊的是，例如：Tohersurprise,shewasawardedfirstprize.令她吃惊的是，她竟然得了一等奖。【知识拓展】to+one’s+n.toone’sjoy/happiness/disappointment/amazement/excitement令某人高兴/失望/吃惊/兴奋的是8.liev.平躺，平放；说谎lie意为“平躺，平放”过去式、过去分词为lay,lainlie意为“说谎”过去式、过去分词为lied,lied9.shoutv.呼叫，呼喊shoutto意为“呼喊，对…大声喊叫”，多指因距离远而不得不大声叫喊，否则对方无法听见，例如：Didn’tyouhearmeshouttoyou?没听见我喊你吗？shoutat意为多指因为生气等非善意而对某人吼叫或喊叫。例如：Hewassoangrythatheshoutedateveryonepresent.他如此生气因而对在场的每个人大喊大叫。10.warnv.提醒注意，警告warn是及物动词，常用句型有：warnsb.(not)todosth.警告/告诫某人（不要）做某事warnsb.ofsth.提醒/警告某人注意某事warnsb.againstdoingsth.警告某人不要做某事11.dreamn.梦，梦想v.做梦，梦想dream做名词时，为可数名词，“梦，梦想”。例如：Shehasadreamofbeingadoctor.dream做动词时意为“”，常用于dreamof/about(doing)sth.结构12.raisev.举起，筹集，抚养raiseone’shands举起手来raisemoney筹集钱raiseafamily养家13.seemv.看起来，好像(1)seemtobe+n/adj，意为“似乎是，好像是”。例如：Theyseemtobeteachers.他们好像是老师。(2)seemtodosth.，意为“似乎做某事”，例如：Sheseemstogotravelthisweekend.她好像这个周末去旅游。(3)Itseems+that从句，意为“好像…”，例如：Itseemsthatsheisunhappy.好像她不高兴。(4)seemlike意为“似乎，好像”，例如：Thesoundseemslikethesingingofabird.这声音似乎是鸟儿在唱歌。14.payattentionto注意payattentiontosth./doingsth.注意某事/做某事Payattentiontoyourpronunciation.注意你的发音。Pleasepayattentiontotakingcareofyourbaby.请照顾好你的小孩。15.diefrom死于…diefrom死于，表示死亡原因，尤其指死于外伤、事故、劳累过度，例如：Theengineerdiedfromoverwork.这位工程师死于操劳过度。16.besimilarto与…相似similaradj.意为“相像的，类似的”，在句中做定语或表语。与like同义，但like只能做表语。Wehavesimilaropinions.我们的看法相同。besimilarto与…相似/相仿;besimilarin在某方面相似/相仿17.some…others一些…另一些…others代词，泛指其他的人或物，常与some连用，构成some…others…结构，例如：Therearemanystudentsontheplayground.Someareplayingbasketball.Othersarerunning.操场上有许多学生。一些在打篮球，另一些在跑步。1.Thiscitywillbemoreandmoreconvenientwhenthesubway_________intwoyears. A.iscompleted B.willbecompletedC.willcompleteD.hascompleted2.It________thathehasbeenillforalongtime.A.seemB.seemsC.lookD.looks3.Don’t________me.Icanhearyouverywell.A.listento B.shoutto C.talkwithD.looklike4.---Canweplaycomputergamesonyourcomputer?---Sorry.Myfatherhas______menottodothat.A.warnedB.decided C.hoped D.refused5.She________downbesidemeandsoonfelladeepsleep.A.layB.lied C.laidD.lain6.Weare__________atthe________news.A.surprise;surprisedB.surprise;surprisingC.surprised;surprisedD.surprised;surprising7.Myyoungerbrotherdreams________aspaceman.A.tobecome B.oftobecome C.ofbecoming D.becoming8.Davidisashyboy.Wheneverheseeshisheadteacher,hequicklywalkstotheothersideoftheroadtoavoid___________her.A.talktoB.totalkC.talkingtoD.talksto9.Theyaresingingto_______moneyforthepoorchildreninruralareas.A.haveB.takeC.findD.raise10.---DoyouknowthatMrs.Thatcherpassedawaylastyear?---Yes.Shedied_______illness.A.inB.fromC.withD.as基础演练一、短语互译1.立刻_______________2.握手________________3.和...相似_______________4.因为_______________5.上车________________6.数以百万计的____________7.嘲笑_______________8.带路，通往___________9.带某人参观_______________10.乱扔________________________________11.payattentionto_______________________12.haveagreattime______________________二、根据句意及汉语提示填写单词或词组1.Itwon’t_____________(使惊奇)meiftheygetmarriedverysoon.2.Candy_________(来自)England,butshespeaksChineseverywell.3.Whenwe_________(谈论)NBA,manypeoplewillthinkofYaoMing.4.Shecookedherhusbandad________meal.5.Itwashisd________toplayfootballforhiscountry.6.Iwasdoingmyhomework______________(那时).7.Parentsshouldn’t_________(对…大声喊叫)theirchildrenforsmallmistakes.8.Wouldyougivemethatbookasag_______?9.Heiswearings_______becauseit’sasunnyday.10.Mybrotherisanhonestboy.Henevertellsal________.巩固提高根据中文提示完成句子（每空一词）1.我的问题与你的类似。Myproblems_______________________yours.2.好像我们已经失去了机会。________________________wehavemissedourchance.3.我们不应该在公园里乱丢垃圾。We________________inthepark.4.有些人是坐汽车来的，其他人是步行来的。________peoplecamebycarand_______cameonfoot.5.尽管一些人在沙滩上散步，但仍然有很多人正在睡觉或洗澡。_______somepeople_____________onthebeach,manywerestill______or___________________.6.请注意这两个词之间的区别。Please______________________thedifferencesbetweenthetwowords.7.我们应该采取一些措施来保护处在危险中的动物不被杀死。Weshoulddosomethingto________theanimalsindanger________beingkilled.8.教育对男孩和女孩都有好处。Educationis______________________boys_______girls.9.我们为数百名孩子带来了书和铅笔。We________booksandpencilsfor______________children.10.每年有超过两百万的儿童死于疾病，因为他们没有足够的药品。Everyyear______________twomillionchildren_______________diseasesbecausetheydon’thaveenoughmedicine.一、单项选择1.Ourheadmasterisn’tinhisoffice.Ican’tfindhimanywhere.Didyounoticehim______theoffice?A.toenterB.enter C.toleave D.leave2.Thegirlis______hermotherinmanyways.Forexample,theyarebothtallandthin.A.similarto B.kindto C.friendlytoD.differentfrom3.Whatcausedtheaccidentisstilla______mystery.A.full B.all C.completeD.total4.Motherseemed_______aftersheheardthebadnews.A.sadlyB.sad C.beingsad D.tosad5.---IthinkI’vegotabadcold.Doctor,shallItakesomemedicine?---Noneed.Yourbodyitselfisableto________thevirus(病毒).Justdrinkmorewaterandrest.A.catch B.fightC.loseD.hide6.Nobodycanlive________freshairandcleanwater.A.with B.in C.byD.without7.Globalwarmingleads________themeltingoficegaps.A.on B.at C.in D.to8.---Howareyougettingalongwithyourclassmate?---Verywell.Theyareall________me.A.afraidofB.friendlyto C.angrywith D.sorryfor9.Thevisitors_______ourfactorytwodaysago.A.got B.reachedinC.arrived D.reached10.Ifsomeonelaughsatyou,youshould____________.Inthisway,youwon’tfeelstressed.A.shoutathimB.hithimC.paynoattentiontohim D.laughathim二、完形填空Haveyoueverofferedahelpinghandtothosewhoareintrouble?Oneday,two1werewalkingalongtheroadtoschoolwhentheysawanoldwomancarryingalargebasketofpears.Theythoughtthewomanlookedvery2.Theywentuptoherandsaid,“Areyougoingtotown?Ifyouare,wewillhelpcarryyourbasket.”“Thankyou,”3thewoman,“youareverykind.YouseeI’mweakandill.”Thenshetoldthemthatshewasnowgoingtomarketto4thepearswhichgrewpmtheonlytreeinherlittlegarden.“Weareallgoingtothe5,”saidtheboys.“Letushavethebasket.”Andtheytookholdofit,oneeachside.Theywalked6withtheheavybasket,buthappily.Theotherday,Isawalittlegirlstopand7apieceoforangepeel(皮),whichshethrewintothedustbin(垃圾桶).“Iwish8wouldthrowthatonthesidewalk,”saidshe.“Someonemaysteponitandfall.”Perhapssomemaysaythatthesearenot9things.Thatisright.Butsuchalittlethingshowsthatyouhaveathoughtfulmindandafeelingheart.Wemustnotwaitforthe10todogreatthings.Wemustbeginwithlittlethingsoflove.1.A.boysB.girls C.men D.women 2.A.boredB.tired C.pleased D.surprised3.A.askedB.toldC.replied D.spoke4.A.bring B.buy C.take D.sell5.A.townB.market C.garden D.school6.A.weakly B.quickly C.slowly D.quietly7.A.takeoutB.cutoff C.putdown D.pickup8.A.nobody B.everybody C.somebody D.anybody9.A.little B.good C.great D.bad 10.A.pay B.time C.advice D.love__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、单项选择1.Don’tshout_______theoldman.A.on B.in C.of D.at2.It’spolite_______youtosayhellotoyourneighborseveryday.A.to B.of C.for D.at3.Wecanhardly_________himifweallworkinthesameschool.A.toavoidmeetingB.avoidtomeetC.avoidmeetingD.avoidmeet4.Remember________thelightbeforeyougoout.A.toturnonB.toturnoffC.turnonD.turnoff5.Theyoungmanseems______toeveryone.A.angrily B.friendly C.sadly D.happily6.Letthe____girldrinksomejuice.A.tired B.thirsty C.beautiful D.angry7.Ourteacherisbadlyill.____hehastostayathome.A.Although B.But C.Because D.So8.---____isBettygoing?---SheisgoingtoEurope.A.How B.Where C.What D.When9.Afterwegetbackhome,weusually____doingourhomeworkasquicklyaswecan.A.help B.planto C.tryto D.finish10.IsDave____fishingnextSunday?A.goes B.go C.going D.togo(附：6-10，北京市101中学第一学期八年级期中考试英语试卷)二、用括号内所给词的正确形式填空11.IthinkthatLinZexuandZhengChenggongarebothourcountry’s________(hero).12.Thepolicemanwarnedthedrivernot________(drive)socarelessly.13.Thehotelinthetownisn’tverygood,butIhaveeverseenmanyworse________(hotel).14.Weshouldtellhunters___________(notkill)tigers.15.Wouldyoupleasegivemesome________(piece)ofpaper?三、根据汉语提示完成英语句子16.逃避打扫教室是不好的。It’snotgoodto____________theclassroom.17.我们的老师们对我们很友好。Ourteachers________very______________us.18.你曾经和同学打过架吗？Doyou_______________________yourclassmates?19.从那时起，我们成了好朋友。______________________,webecamegoodfriends.20.最后我们为父亲选了一个好礼物。We_______foundanice________forourfather.四、完形填空Ericfinishedhisschoollastyear.Hewenttoabigcityto21ajob.Hewentfromonecompanytoanotherbut22wantedhim.Hehadtogobacktohissmalltown.Whenhecametothetrainstation,hefelt23andtired.Itwaslateatnight,andthe24wasfullofpeople.Manywerewaitingto25traintickets.Whenheboughtthelastticket,hesawawomanwithacryingbaby.Hegavethemhisticket.Hethoughttheyneededit26thanhedid.After27left,hesatonthebenchanddidn’tknow28todo.Justthen,anoldmancametohim,“Youngman,I29whatyoudidforthewoman.Ineedyourhelp.IhaveacompanyandIneedagoodyoungmanlike30.Wouldyouliketocometomycompany?”21.A.findB.see C.lookfor D.buy 22.A.everyoneB.nobody C.nothing D.someone23.A.happyB.interestingC.sad D.glad24.A.city B.company C.farm D.station25.A.buyB.sell C.give D.pass26.A.less B.more C.fewer D.worse27.A.EricB.thebus C.thetrain D.theman28.A.what B.which C.why D.where29.A.saw B.heard C.missed D.forgot 30.A.that B.you C.myself D.her五、阅读理解AOnthewaytoschool,aschoolbusdriverstopsthebusinfrontofawashroomandthenhegoesin.Butthebusdoesn’tstop.Afterthedrivergetsoff,thebusbeginstorundowntheroad,andthereare27studentsonthebus.Luckily(幸运的是),the11-year-oldstudent,David,goestothedriver’sseatandbeginstodrivetheschoolbus.Hecan’tstopthebus,buthedrivesthebusawayfromacar.Atlast,hestopsthebusnearashopandeveryoneisallright.Awomanworkerintheshopseesthewholething.Shesaysthebusnearly(几乎)runsintoariver.Wedonotknowhowtheboystopsthecar.Davidisveryquietabouttheaccident(事故),butheisahero.“Ifhedoesn’tdrivethebus,allthestudentswillgodownintotheriverwiththebus.”saysateacherintheschool.31.Wheredoesthedrivergoonthewaytoschool?A.Hegoestoschool.

B.Hegoestoawashroom.

C.Hegoestoamall.D.Hegoestoahospital.32.Whohelpstodrivethebusafterthedrivergetsoffit?A.Astudent.B.Ateacher.C.Apoliceman.D.Aparent.33.Wheredoesthebusstopatlast？A.Intheschool.B.Atthebusstation.C.Nearashop.D.Inthehospital.34.Doesanyoneseetheaccident(事故)?A.Yes,awomanworkerseesit.

B.No,nooneseesit.C.Yes,amandoctorseesit.D.Alltheteachersandstudentsseeit.35.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Achildplaysinthestreet.B.Aschoolbusdriver.

C.Abusrunsintoariver.D.Aboydoessomethinggood.B“Make-A-Wish”isoneoftheworld’smostwell-knowncharities(慈善机构).Itmakeswishescometrueforchildrenwhohaveseriousillnesses.Itgivesthemhopeandjoyandhelpsthemforgetabouttheirhealthproblemsandhavefun.Itallstartedin1980inPhoenix,Arizona.Christopherwasa7-year-oldboywhowasverysick.Healwaysdreamedofbecomingapoliceofficer.TommyAustina